【課件】Unit+4定語從句課件-2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

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定語從句

Attributiveclause

(I)定語從句的形式、意義、用法2有關(guān)定語從句的幾個概念

定語從句:attributiveclause

先行詞:antecedent

關(guān)系代詞:relativepronoun

關(guān)系副詞:relativeadverb

3引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞who/whomwhichthatwhoseas關(guān)系副詞whenwherewhy4關(guān)系代詞who/whomwhichthatwhose51.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwokilometersaway.(P2L2)2.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.(P1L7)3.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.(P2L8)4.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigearthquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.(P3L7)5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(P4L4)6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomehadbeendestroyed.(P4L8)Readthesentencesaloud(1minute):6Jointhefollowingsentencesintoonesentence.Shewasnotinthetrain.Thetrainarrivedjustnow.Thecityisarathermodernone.Iliveinthecity.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch.Itshandsweremadeofsmalldiamonds.

Shewasnotinthetrainwhich/thatarrivedjustnow.Thecitywhich/thatIliveinisarathermodernone.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,

whosehandsweremadeofsmalldiamonds.

關(guān)系詞的作用????1、連接作用：引導(dǎo)從句，把它和主句連接起來；2、替代作用：在從句中替代先行詞；3、成分作用：在從句中充當(dāng)一個句子成分;7Jointhefollowingsentencesintoonesentence.TheboyiscalledJack.Hebrokethewindow.Thisisthegirl.Heworkedwithherintheoffice.Thegirlisstayingathometoday.Hermotherisill.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledJack.Thisisthegirlwho/whom/thatheworkedwithintheoffice.Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.8Jointhefollowingsentencesintoonesentence.Imetaboy.Hecanspeakthreelanguages.

Imetaboywho/thatcanspeakthreelanguages.

2.Annawaswearingahat.Itwastoobigforher.

Annawaswearingahatwhich/thatwastoobigforher.3.Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.

Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.4.Wesawsomepeople.Theircarhadbrokendown.

Wesawsomepeoplewhosecarhadbrokendown.9補充10

that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,

一般多用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething

(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時或先行詞被all,every,no,any,little,much等修飾時。11ThisisthefirstEnglishnovelthatmystudentshaveeverread.Thisisthebestfilmthatthelittleboyhaseverseen(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(3)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast修飾。Thisistheonlythingthat

hismothercandoforhim.12（5）先行詞同時指人和指物時

Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?

Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoborrow?（6）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時，

Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.13注意，先行詞是人時一般不受上述情況的限制。但是

a.當(dāng)主句是以who開頭的特殊疑問句時，為了避免重復(fù)，最好不用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句，而用that(賓格可以用whom)來引導(dǎo)。b.當(dāng)先行詞是those時宜用who。c.當(dāng)先行詞和定語從句相隔離時宜用who。ImetaforeignerinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldaskedmequestionsinChinesed.當(dāng)一個句子帶有兩個定語從句時，其中一個用that另一個宜用who。Themanthatyoumetinthestreetyesterdayistheonewhostoleyourwallet.14

注意:

*Iwastheonlypersoninmyoffice_________wasinvited.who/that15定語從句解題步驟:1.找主句:

關(guān)鍵是:

準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分完整2.先行詞:3.將先行詞代入到從句當(dāng)中，判斷其在從句中的成分，選用合適的關(guān)系詞來替代先行詞

16Exercises17關(guān)系代詞填空并判斷是否可省略:1.Theman______________Italkedwithisourteacher.2.Aperson_______________stealsthingsiscalledathief.3.Theman_______________InoddedtoisMr.Li.4.Thesearethetrees__________wereplantedlastyear.5.Thisrecorder__________heisusingismadeinJapan.that/who/whomthat/whothat/who/whomthat/whichthat/which181.Doyouknowtheboy__________fatherisanengineer?2.Ihavejustreadanewnovel_________writerIhaveneverheardofbefore.3.Ihavejustreadanewnovelthewriterof___________Ihaveneverheardofbefore.whosewhosewhich19填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞并判斷是否可以省略Ishetheman______wantstoseeyou?

______Isawyesterday?_____carbrokedownontheway?

who/that(whom/that)whose20填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞并判斷是否可以省略Thisisthefactory

_____producesTV._______wevisitedyesterday._____windowsfacesouth.

thewindow_______facessouth.______thewindowfacessouth.

that/whichthat/which/不填whoseofwhichofwhich21考驗！！Isthisfactory___youvisitedlastweek?A.theonethatB.whereC.that22

定語從句

Attributiveclause

(II)231.Theman,_______factorymyfatherworksin,isabillionaire.2.RecentlyIboughtaChinesevase,________priceisreasonable.

RecentlyIboughtaChinesevase,thepriceof_______isreasonable.whosewhosewhichFillintheblanks.241).Thisisthestudent_______________Iborrowedthebookfrom.

2).Thepencil_______________hewaswritingwithbroke.3).Theman,________daughterIworkedwith,lookeddownuponwomen.who/whom/that/Xwhich/that/Xwhose=Thisisthestudentfromwhom

Iborrowedthebook.=Thepencilwithwhich

hewaswritingbroke.=Theman,withwhose

daughterIworked,lookeddownuponwomen.25介詞+which(先行詞是物)介詞+whom(先行詞是人)

介詞+whose(先行詞是物或人,作定語)

介詞+關(guān)系代詞：Theman(that/who/whom)thenurseislookingafterisover90.

after不可提前。26Thishouseisnowworth$300,000.Hepaid$150,000forthehouse.Thishouse,whichhepaid$150,000for,isnowworth$300,000.

Thishouse,forwhichhepaid$150,000,isnowworth$300,000.271、與先行詞的搭配；2、與從句中的謂語動詞的搭配；3、有時需要同時考慮從句中的動詞和介詞的搭配關(guān)系以及先行詞和介詞的搭配;4、整句話的意義。介詞的選用???281.Thisisthecar____whichIbought.2.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.3.Thisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.4.Thisisthecar________whichwetalked.5.Thisisthecar______whichthewindowisbroken.XonbyaboutFillinthebanksusingproperprepositions

wherenecessary.of29關(guān)系副詞whenwherewhy關(guān)系代詞who/whomwhichthatwhose關(guān)系詞的作用????30

關(guān)系副詞31Jointhefollowingsentencesintoonesentence.1.Iknowagarden./Youcanfindwildstrawberriesinthegarden.

2.Iknowagarden./Youcanfindwildstrawberriesthere.

Iknowagarden(which/that/X)youcanfindwildstrawberriesin.Iknowagardenin

whichyoucanfindwildstrawberries.

Iknowagardenwhereyoucanfindwildstrawberries.Iknowagardenwhereyoucanfindwildstrawberries.323.Weshallrememberthedays.Westudiedtogetherduringthedays.

4.Weshallrememberthedays.Westudiedtogetherthen.

Weshallrememberthedays(which/that/X)westudiedtogetherduring.

Weshallrememberthedaysduringwhichwestudiedtogether.

Weshallrememberthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.

335.Hewantedtoknowthereason.Iwaslateforthereason.6.Thereasonwasnotclear.Hedidn’tcomeforthereason.

HewantedtoknowthereasonforwhichIwaslate.HewantedtoknowthereasonwhyIwaslate.

Thereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn’tcomewasnotclear.341.Iknowagardenwhereyoucanfindwildstrawberries.

2.Weshallrememberthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.3.HewantedtoknowthereasonwhyIwaslate.

關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的成分wherewhenwhy地點名詞地點狀語時間名詞時間狀語reason原因狀語(物)35關(guān)鍵：

準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞指的是

“時間”

還是“地點”36when經(jīng)?？梢蕴鎿Q為

during/

on/in/at/…+whichwhere經(jīng)常可以替換為in/at….+whichwhy=for+which1.Iknowagardenwhere/inwhichyoucanfindwildstrawberries.

2.Weshallrememberthedayswhen/duringwhichwestudiedtogether.3.Hewantedtoknowthereasonwhy/forwhichIwaslate.

371.Thisisthevillage.Iwasborninthevillage.2.Idon’tknowthereason.Youquarreledwithhimforthereason.3.Thisisthefactory.Hisfatherworksthere.ThisisthevillageinwhichIwasborn.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasborn.Idon’tknowthereasonforwhichyouquarreledwithhim.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyyouquarreledwithhim.Thisisthefactorywherehisfatherworks.Thisisthefactoryinwhichhisfatherworks.38Ican’tforgetthedays_____________Ispentinthearmy.Ican’tforgetthedays_____________Istayedwiththesoldiers.Thisisthefactory____________employsalotofforeigners.Thisisthefactory________________myfatherusedtowork.which/that/Xwhen/inwhichwhich/thatwhere/inwhichCompletethefollowingsentencesusingwhich,that,prep.+which,where,when,why.39Thereason______________hegavetomeisonlyanexcuse.Thereason______________hewasabsentfromthemeetingisthathismotherwasbadlyill.which/that/Xwhy/forwhich40Choosethebestanswers.Isthistheroom_______youoncelivedin?2.Isthisroom______youoncelivedin?3.Isthistheroomin

_______youoncelived?Isthistheonlyroom______youoncelivedin?Isthistheonlyroom______youoncelived?

A.whichB.whereC.theoneD.thatcBADA41填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞并判斷是否可以省略Givemethereason____youquarreledwithhim________youquarreledwithhim.

Thisisthereason____hegaveforbeinglate.

whyforwhich(that/which)42

定語從句

Attributiveclause

(IV)43as?44as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句

兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句居句首時。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.當(dāng)與such或thesame連用時，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.453.當(dāng)從句和主句語義一致時，用as，反之則用which。e.g.

Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.

Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.464.as在從句中作主語時，后面常接行為動詞的被動語態(tài)，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,

aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.47

應(yīng)對策略

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as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：①____________②____________位置含義

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記住口訣：

限制與否須分清，逗號主從涇渭明；補充說明不限定，that躲得無影蹤；主語賓語不能省，who與whom來爭功；as,which作用大，主句也可作先行。

☆

記住口訣：

限制與否須分清，逗號主從涇渭明；補充說明不限定，that躲得無影蹤；主語賓語不能省，who與whom來爭功；as,which作用大，主句也可作先行。483.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhichas\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.Itisabigstone______nobodycanlift.asthat

5.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As6.Suchsigns_____weuseintheexperiment______Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,isDAthat辨析that/as/which49RestrictiveandNon-restrictive

attributiveclause限制性和非限制性定語從句50Theextrainformationisnecessaryintherestrictiveattributiveclause.Withouttheextrainformation,wedon’tknowwhoorwhatisspokenabout.Wedon’tusecommaswiththerestrictiveattributiveclauses.

Thevillageisbeautiful.Trytounderstandthefollowing:ThevillagewhereIwasbornisbeautiful.51Shaoxingisafamouscity.

Theextrainformationcanbeleftoutinthenon-restrictiveattributiveclause.Withouttheextrainformation,itisstillclearwhoorwhatisspokenabout.Weusecommaswiththenon-restrictiveattributiveclause.Trytounderstandthefollowing:Shaoxing,

whereLuXunwasborn,isafamouscity.

52定語從句其他內(nèi)容略531、單項選擇2、改錯3、書面表達(dá)怎么考？定語從句考點歸納

54全國：Second,Igetalongwithotherseasily,whichisespeciallyusefulforavolunteer.

北京：Heiswearingold-fashionedclothesthatdatebacktothebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.

江蘇：Neversayordoanythingthatharmstheimageofourmotherland.

福建：Tokeepfit,weshouldhavevarioushealthydiets,whichgenerallyincludeproperamountsoffish,meat,vegetables,fruitaswellasmainfood.高考書面表達(dá)范文中的定語從句全國：Second,Igetalongwithotherseasily,whichisespeciallyusefulforavolunteer.

北京：Heiswearingold-fashionedclothesthatdatebacktothebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.

江蘇：Neversayordoanythingthatharmstheimageofourmotherland.

福建：Tokeepfit,weshouldhavevarioushealthydiets,whichgenerallyincludeproperamountsoffish,meat,vegetables,fruitaswellasmainfood.55考