【課件】Unit 4 History and Traditions Period 3 Discovering Useful Structure課件(15張ppt)-(人教版新教材必修第二冊)

Unit4HistoryandTraditions

Period3DiscoveringusefulstructuresLearningObjectives1.Learntousethepastparticiplesastheattributeandtheobjectcomplement.2.

Writealittlestoryordescribesituationsbyusingthepastparticiples.

comparisonMostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:”theUnitedKingdom”or“UK”Theyusethesameflag,whichisknownastheUnionJack.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJackTheysentalotofpeopletobuildcastlesallaroundEngland.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEnglandMostpeoplejustusenamewhichisshortened:”theUnitedKingdom”or“UK”與前句相比,后句句式表達(dá)更簡潔、結(jié)構(gòu)更加優(yōu)化1.

Lookatthesentencesandunderlinethepastparticipleinthesentencebelow.Whatfunctiondothepastparticiplehave?Answerthequestionsbelow.1．Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname：“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”．2．Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.3．TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.Summarize：

shortened在句1中位置在名詞______，knownas在句2中位置在名詞______。1.2句中分詞和分詞短語都用來修飾______，做定語；句子3名詞castles是作had的賓語，所以built是對名詞castles進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，做__________（簡稱賓補(bǔ)）。結(jié)論：單個(gè)分詞作名詞的定語時(shí)，其位置在名詞前；分詞短語則放在名詞后面。

前面后面名詞賓語補(bǔ)足語Completethephrasesintherightcolumnbyusingthepastparticiplesintheleftcolumn.tiredvisitorsawell-organizedtripbeautifullydressedstarsvisitors__________ofthelongwait/…atrip____________wellbymyworkplace/…stars____________beautifullyattheevent/…tiredorganizeddressedpre-modifier(前置定語)post-modifier(后置定語)

過去分詞作定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語

一、過去分詞作定語1．意義：及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語往往表示被動(dòng)和完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成。(1)表示被動(dòng)和完成apollutedriver一條被污染的河流thewateredflowers澆過水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被動(dòng)fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起的太陽2．位置：單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的前面；過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的后面，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.＝Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那個(gè)學(xué)生是我女兒。注意：過去分詞作定語和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別：(1)語態(tài)不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。Thequestiondiscussedwasveryimportant.討論過的那個(gè)問題很重要。Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。(2)時(shí)間關(guān)系上不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。3．過去分詞(done)、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(beingdone)與動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(tobedone)作定語的區(qū)別：意義形式donebeingdonetobedoneThebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.去年建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.現(xiàn)在正在建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthisourclassroombuilding.下個(gè)月將要建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。二、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語1．過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞keep，leave等詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice，leavingthebreakfastuntouched.他起得很晚，沒吃早飯就匆匆忙忙地去了辦公室。2．過去分詞用在使役動(dòng)詞have/get和make的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。(1)“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”可以表示兩種含義：“讓別人做某事”或“遭遇到某種不幸”。Clairehadherluggagecheckedanhourbeforeherplaneleft.在飛機(jī)起飛前一個(gè)小時(shí)克萊兒對行李進(jìn)行了安檢。Whiletheywereonholiday，theyhadtheircarbrokeninto.他們在度假時(shí)，汽車被撬開了。(2)在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞表示結(jié)果。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他們用很淺易的英語來設(shè)法使自己被理解。4．表示“意愿；命令”的動(dòng)詞，如like，want，wish，expect，order等可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek.經(jīng)理要求在本周末完成這項(xiàng)工作。5．過去分詞用在“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealreadylaidforamealtobecooked.客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準(zhǔn)備盛放待煮的飯菜。Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。6．非謂語動(dòng)詞(短語)作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別：(1)感官動(dòng)詞(短語)see，watch，observe，lookat，notice，hear，listento，feel等的賓語補(bǔ)足語主要有三種形式，試比較(以hear為例)：hear＋賓語＋I(xiàn)heardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天經(jīng)過她房間時(shí)，我聽她正在唱英文歌。(主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行)IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。(主動(dòng)、完成)TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該盡可能多地聽英語。(被動(dòng)、無時(shí)間性)(2)使役動(dòng)詞make，have，get，keep后加復(fù)合賓語的比較make＋賓語＋賓語make＋賓語＋…..Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.這個(gè)令人震驚的消息使我意識(shí)到我們將面臨多么可怕的問題。Imademyselfknowntothemfirstandthenwetalkedaboutourhobbies.我先向他們作了自我介紹，然后我們談?wù)摿宋覀兊膼酆?。have＋賓語＋…..Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個(gè)不停。Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.上個(gè)月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。get＋賓語＋……Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他讓我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn)。I’llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(請人)修一下我的手機(jī)。keep＋賓語＋I(xiàn)’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.對不起，讓你久等了。Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas.她緊閉雙眼，待在原地未動(dòng)。(3)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語補(bǔ)足語的比較with＋……WeChatislikeapublicnetwork，withpeoplesharinginformationpublicly；whatevertheysayorpublishcanbeseenbyeverybody.微信像是一個(gè)公開網(wǎng)絡(luò)，人們公開分享信息，不管他們說什么、發(fā)布什么，大家都可以看到。Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind，shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.由于放下了極大的思想包袱，她成功地通過了所有考試。PayattentiontoPastparticipleastheobjectcomplement.have/get/make/keep/leavesb./sth.done.hear/see/watch/noticesb./sth.done.findsb./sth.done

Discussingroupstosummarizeusageofpastparticipleastheattributeandtheobjectcomplementusingthemindmap.

DiscussionV-ed在句中可作_____、_____________。定語賓語補(bǔ)足語①單個(gè)V-ed作定語；②V-ed短語作定語通常后置，相當(dāng)于定語從句；③V-ed有時(shí)還可用作非限制性定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語從句。V-ed作賓語補(bǔ)足語通常用于：①表示感觀、感覺和發(fā)覺的動(dòng)詞。②表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞。③with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。作定語作賓補(bǔ)SummaryReadthesentencesandunderlinethe–edform

astheobjectcomplement.1JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.2Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannounced

thattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.3Wefoundourselvesverysurprisedbythelargenumberofvisitorsandtheamount

ofnoiseattheentranceoftheNationalGallery.4JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itw