2021年湖北宜昌中考英語試卷真題及答案詳解（精校版）

試卷第=page88頁，共=sectionpages88頁試卷第=page77頁，共=sectionpages88頁2021年湖北省宜昌市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題（本試卷共46小題,滿分80分,考試時間90分鐘。）注意事項∶本試卷分試題卷和答題卡兩部分,請將答案寫在答題卡上每題對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi),寫在試題卷上無效。考試結(jié)束,請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié),滿分25分）第一節(jié)（共15小題,每小題1分,計15分）完形填空∶先通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出一個最佳答案。AgroupofboysfromaprimaryschoolsoccerteaminAnshun,GuizhouProvince,aredoingdailytrainingontheplayground.Theteamwasmade____1____theirP.E.teacherMr.Zeng.AndtheirheadmasterMr.Xiongalso____2____alot.Althoughthememberspractice2hourseveryday,playingsoccerdoesnot____3____theirstudiesorfarmwork.Mostoftheseboys’parentsworkinbigcitiesfarfromthevillage.Inthepast,theywereafraidofshowingthemselvesinpublic,____4____nowthroughsoccer,theyhavebecomeoutgoing,activeandbrave.Andtheirskillsinsoccerhaveimprovedrapidlybyworkinghard.Inashorttime,theyhave____5____theotherteamsfromnearbyschoolsinthecity.Toopen____6____minds,Mr.Xiongencouragedthemtojoinina“Who’stheKing”nationalsoccergame.Theydidnotplaywellinthe____7____.However,withthephysicaladvantagesthey____8____thegame.Unluckily,theywereshortof____9____insuchcompetitions,sotheyfinallylost1-0.____10____,afterMr.Zengmovedtoanotherschool,MissYutookhisplace.Theyoungteacherwhowasbornin1985__11__toteachthere.SheistheirsoccercoachandalsoteachesthemEnglish,mathandother____12____.Tohersurprise,thesevillageboysarenotlike____13____shethought.Shesaysthateverytimetheteamtravelstoanothercitytotakepartinasoccergame,thekidsarejustvery____14____inthemselves.Soccergivesthesekidsa____15____toseethewonderfulthingsoftheoutsideworld.Anditmakesthemstronglybelievethattheywouldgobeyond（在另一邊）themountainsoneday.1．A．in B．by C．from D．of2．A．celebrated B．changed C．supported D．a(chǎn)chieved3．A．influence B．shake C．a(chǎn)fford D．cover4．A．or B．so C．for D．but5．A．directed B．compared C．beaten D．interviewed6．A．her B．our C．his D．their7．A．end B．beginning C．middle D．process8．A．controlled B．passed C．finished D．recorded9．A．experience B．development C．progress D．information10．A．Now B．Later C．Before D．Firstly11．A．invited B．volunteered C．remembered D．dared12．A．challenges B．choices C．purposes D．subjects13．A．how B．when C．what D．where14．A．confident B．talented C．interested D．rich15．A．rule B．role C．chance D．result第二節(jié)（共10小題,每小題1分,計10分）綜合填空根據(jù)所給首字母、上下文或漢語提示完成空格中所缺單詞，使短文完整通順，語法正確，每個空只能填一個詞。Whenwesay“wethrewsomethingout,”whatdowereallymean?Afterall,ourwastedoesn’tjustdisappearevenifitistakena___16___.Sowhynotrecycleit?Haveyoueverusednewspaperswhenyoucleanthewindows?Ifyouhaven’t,pleasetry!Ididn’tbelieveitwhenI___17___（聽到）andreadthat.Ithoughtthattheywouldcertainlyleaveink（墨汁）orbitsofpaperbehind.Actually,Iwassowrong.Ihavehadclearerwindowsthanbefores___18___Itriedit.Whenwementioncleaningproducts,wehavetotalkaboutpapertowels（手巾）.Iused__19__thinkmorepapertowelsmeantacleanerhome.Ilovedtheideaofcleaningwiththefreshwhitepaperandthenthrowing__20__out.ButnowIknowthatIhavetos__21__usingpapertowels,becausepapertowelsareahugewasteproblem.Cuttingoutpapertowelswouldsave___22___（樹）,water,airandourmoney.Recently,myfamilyandIhavestartedcollectingallold___23___（衣服）,andthencutthemintopieces.Gettingonepiecetodosomecleaninghasbecomeourn___24___habit.Ithoughtthatitwouldbesuch___25___uneasythingtobreaka30-year-oldhabit.Whatever,itreallyisthemostmeaningfulthingthatIhavedoneduringalongtime.第二部分閱讀與寫作（共四節(jié),滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共10小題,每小題2分,計20分）閱讀下面兩篇短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。AJonny,a15-year-oldstudent,ischeckinghisdad’soldjacket.Hesays,“You’re45.Dad,you’renevergoingtowearthisagain.CanIhaveit?”Keithhashadabaddayatwork,andheisfeelingold.AndJonnyhashithispain.Keithraiseshisvoiceandsays,“What?YoumeanI’mtoooldtowearthejacketagain?”Jonnyfeelslikethishascomeoutofnowhere,andnowhefeelshurt.ButIonlyasked,“Whyareyoushoutingatme?”“ButIdon’tlikebeingtreatedasthoughI’mtooold.”Bothofthemfeelabitupset.Haveyoueverhadasimilarargumentwiththepeoplearoundyou?Herearesometipsforyoutorememberwhenyou’regettingmad.●Acceptyourfeelingsandconsidertheotherperson’sfeelings.Thatmeansnotalwaysmakingyourself“right”or“clever”andtheotherperson“wrong”or“stupid”.●Explainyourselfandnottheotherperson,soyoucanspeakoutyourideasbystartingwith“I”butnot“You”.●Don’talwayshavetoreflectbeforereacting（回應(yīng)）.Ifyoufeelangry,Ithinkit’sagoodideatostopforamomentandunderstandwhy.●Don’tdecidethepurposeoftheotherpersonbyyourguessing.Trytoworkoutwhatheorsheisfeeling,andadmit（承認）itifyouwerewrong.Don’tforgetthatit’snevertoolatetostartthewaysofcommunicating.26．Fromthepassage,wecanknowJonny________.A．isschoolboy B．doesn’tlikehisdadC．thinkshisdadistooold D．wantshisdad’snewjacket27．Jonnyfelthurtbecausehisdad________.A．hitispain B．hadabusydag C．likedthejacket D．wasangrywithhim28．Toavoidanargument,thewritergivesus________suggestions.A．2 B．3 C．4 D．529．Accordingtothepassage,ifyouwanttoexpressyourideas,you’dbetterbeginlikethis:“________”.A．Youmisunderstoodme… B．Iknowhowyoufeel,but…C．They’redifferentfromus… D．Thingsaren’tthesame…30．Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe________.A．LearntoAdmitYourMistakesBravelyB．BePatientwiththePeoplearoundYouC．AnArgumentbetweenaFatherandaSonD．GoodWaysofCommunicationAreImportantBWhenwefirstmovedhere,wedidn’thaveagarden.MikeandItalkedaboutmakingalargevegetablegardensomewhereinouryard,butwecouldn’tagreeonwhere.Beforewewentaheadanddugupthegrass,wespentsometimethinkingaboutwhereitwouldworkbest.Atlast,wechoseanoldsandbox（沙坑）inourfrontyardtobecomeourgarden.Wedreamedaboutalivelygardenwithlotsofvegetables.Weaskedmanypeoplewhatweshoulddototurnthissandboxintoaspace,thenplantscangrowinit.Andtheygaveuslotsofideas.Mysisterwasthemostknowledgeable,sowelistenedmostlytoher.Atfirst,Mikemadeawoodfence（柵欄）andIpainteditwiththekids.Wechoseadarkercolorbecauseitwouldfitourlightgreyhouse.Next,Mikedug17holes.Thenwefilledthemwithsoil（土壤）.Itwasstilltoocoldtoplantanything,sofordaysIjuststaredoutthewindowattheseholes.Tome,itlookedmuchtoountidy.Iadvisedtofillthoseholesbackanddignewones.Thistimeweendedupwith10.Muchbetter.Overthenextfewweeks,Iworkedongettingeverythingplantedinmygarden.Istartedbyplantinggreenonion.ButIwastooexcitedandplantedittooearly.Rightawayitwasclearthatitwasn’tgoingtosurvive.Ihadtogiveitupandtrysomethingelse.Thenmynextdoorneighborgavemeredrosestoputinmygarden.Afewdayslaterwewenttoagreenhouseandcamebacknotwithgreenonionbutpeppers,tomatoesandsoon.Clearlythevegetableandflowergardenwasslowlybecomingourdreamgarden.Ohwell!Ilovethewayitturnedout.Thisgardenwillalwaysremindmeofmysister.31．Whenthewriterfirstarrivedathernewhouse,she________.A．hadalargeflowergardenB．dugupthegrassinheryardC．talkedaboutmakingsandboxD．wantedagardenwithvegetables32．Whydidthewritersuggestfillingthefirst17holesback?A．Becauseshelistenedtohersister.B．Becausetheweatherwastoocold.C．Becausethegardenlookedlikeamess.D．Becausethekidscoulddigbetterones.33．What’stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph4?A．存活 B．傳播 C．嫁接 D．爬藤34．Whichoneistherightorderofbuildingthegardenaccordingtothepassage?a.Webuiltthefenceandpaintedit.b.Wecollectedmuchothers’advice.c.Wepreparedtheplantsthatwewanted.d.Wedecidedontheplaceofthegarden.e.Wedugseveralholesandfilledthemwithsoil.A．b-d-a-e-c B．d-b-a-e-c C．d-e-c-a-b D．b-a-d-e-c35．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Whywasthewriterthankfultohersister?B．Whatdidthefamilyplantintheirgarden?C．Howdidthefamilymaketheirdreamgarden?D．Whospenttimewiththewriterinthegarden?第二節(jié)（共5小題,每小題2分,計10分閱讀短文，將五個句子還原到短文當中。Weiqi,asanoldboardgame,wasinventedinChinamorethan2,500yearsago.And___36___.Theplayingpiecesarecalledstones.Oneplayerusesthewhitestonesandtheother,black.Theplayerstaketurnsplacingthestonesonthegameboard.Asweknow,___37___.Thestonesareplacedonthem.Weiqiisalsocalledgointheworld.Learningitcannotonlyimprovepeople’slogical(邏輯的)thinkingability,butalso___38___.That’swhyitismoreandmorepopularwithmodernpeople.IntheSuiandTangDynasties,WeiqitraveledtoJapan.andthentoEuropeinthe19thcentury.Nowithasgrownintoanimportantinternationalcompetitionevent.Sofar,___39___.Amongthem,playersfromChina,JapanandSouthKoreahavethehighestlevelofWeiqi.OnFebruary19,theChinese-EnglishDictionaryofWeiqiTerms(術(shù)語)cameoutinBeijing.It’sthefirstprofessionaldictionaryaboutWeiqiinChina.AsasymbolofChineseculture,___40___.Italsohasitsownwayofthinkingandthemethodofcommunicating.ThedictionarywillserveasanecessarytoolandbridgeforspreadingWeiqiculture.A．WeiqihasitsspeciallanguageB．thegameisplayeduntiltodayC．itcandeveloptheircalmcharacterD．theboardsurfacehas361crosspointsE．peoplefromover40countrieshaveplayedit第三節(jié)（共5小題,每小題2分,計10分）根據(jù)所給漢語和提示詞完成下列句子。41．總而言之，只要你留心觀察，生活處處充滿美好。（all）________________,lifeisalwaysfullofbeautyaslongasyouwatchcarefully.42．許多青少年欽佩像袁隆平那樣的科學(xué)家，希望成為像他們一樣的人。（look）Manyteenagers________________thescientistslikeYuanLongpingandhopetobelikethem.43．依我之見，多閱讀是提高語言能力的秘訣之一。（secret）Inmyopinion,readingmoreisoneof______________improvingyourlanguageability.44．登陸火星比我們想象中要難得多，但我們做到了。（difficult）LandingonMarswas_________________thanweimagined,butwemadeit.45．孩子們在學(xué)校已經(jīng)多次接受過安全教育了。（get）Children____________________safetyeducationmanytimesatschool.第四節(jié)書面表達（共1題,計15分）46．假如你是國際學(xué)校的學(xué)生李華，學(xué)校正在為一年一度的藝術(shù)節(jié)招募表演者和志愿服務(wù)者。請你根據(jù)自己的意愿，給負責(zé)人Mr.Smith寫一封郵件推薦自己，并為學(xué)校藝術(shù)節(jié)提出1～2條合理建議。內(nèi)容包括：●意愿及理由●具體打算●合理建議要求∶1.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名和校名;2.詞數(shù)80詞左右，開頭、結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearMr.Smith,I’mwritingtotellyouwhatIwanttodofortheartfestival.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookforwardtoyourreplysoon.Yours,LiHua答案第=page88頁，共=sectionpages88頁答案第=page77頁，共=sectionpages88頁1．B2．C3．A4．D5．C6．D7．B8．A9．A10．B11．B12．D13．C14．A15．C【分析】本文講述了一群農(nóng)村足球隊的孩子們在老師的支持和陪伴下，堅持在學(xué)校練習(xí)踢足球，并且經(jīng)常和其他的足球隊進行比賽，志愿老師看到這些孩子的精神面貌感到很吃驚，因為他們在去其他城市比賽時表現(xiàn)得很自信，這些孩子們堅信總有一天他們會走出這里。1．句意：這個隊是由他們的體育老師曾老師組建的。in在……里；by由；from從；of……的。根據(jù)“Theteamwasmade…theirP.E.teacherMr.Zeng”可知，此處用bemadeby表示“由……組成的”，故選B。2．句意：他們的校長熊老師也給予了很大的支持。celebrated慶祝；changed改變；supported支持；achieved達到。根據(jù)“AndtheirheadmasterMr.Xiongalso…alot”可知，校長也支持這件事情，故選C。3．句意：踢足球不影響他們的學(xué)習(xí)和農(nóng)活。influence影響；shake動搖；afford買得起；cover覆蓋。根據(jù)“Althoughthememberspractice2hourseveryday”可知，盡管每天練習(xí)兩個小時，但是踢足球并不影響他們的任何事情，故選A。4．句意：但是現(xiàn)在，通過足球，他們變得開朗，積極和勇敢。or或者；so所以；for為了；but但是。根據(jù)“Inthepast”及“now”可知，此處是拿現(xiàn)在和過去進行對比，表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。5．句意：在很短的時間里，他們打敗了城市附近學(xué)校的其他球隊。directed指導(dǎo)；compared比較；beated擊?。籭nterviewed采訪。根據(jù)“theotherteams”可知，此處指擊敗了其他的球隊，故選C。6．句意：為了開放他們的思想，熊老師鼓勵他們參加一場名為“誰是國王”的全國足球賽。her她的；our我們的；his他的；their他們的。根據(jù)“them”可知，此空應(yīng)填their，修飾名詞minds，故選D。7．句意：他們開始踢得不好。end結(jié)束；beginning開始；middle中間；process過程。根據(jù)“However,withthephysicaladvantagesthey…thegame”可知，剛開始踢得不好，后來發(fā)揮出優(yōu)勢，故選B。8．句意：然而，憑借身體上的優(yōu)勢，他們控制了比賽。controlled控制；passed通過；finished完成；recorded記錄。根據(jù)“withthephysicaladvantagesthey…thegame”可知，憑借自己的優(yōu)勢控制了比賽，故選A。9．句意：不幸的是，他們?nèi)狈Υ祟惐荣惖慕?jīng)驗。experience經(jīng)驗；development發(fā)展；progress進步；information信息。根據(jù)“Unluckily”及“sotheyfinallylost1-0.”可知，因為缺乏經(jīng)驗所以輸了，故選A。10．句意：后來，曾老師轉(zhuǎn)到了另一所學(xué)校，于老師接替了他的位置。Now現(xiàn)在；Later后來；Before在……之前；Firstly首先。根據(jù)“afterMr.Zengmovedtoanotherschool”可知，此處講述后來發(fā)生的事情，故選B。11．句意：這位1985年出生的年輕教師自愿在那里任教。invited邀請；volunteered志愿；remembered記得；dared敢于。根據(jù)“Theyoungteacherwhowasbornin1985…toteachthere”可推斷，這位老師是自愿到農(nóng)村教學(xué)，故選B。12．句意：她是他們的足球教練，也教他們英語、數(shù)學(xué)和其他科目。challenges挑戰(zhàn)；choices選擇；purposes目的；subjects學(xué)科。根據(jù)“English,math”可知，此處指其他的學(xué)科，故選D。13．句意：令她吃驚的是，這些鄉(xiāng)村男孩并不像她所想的那樣。how怎樣；when何時；what什么；where哪里。此空是作動詞thought的賓語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，故選C。14．句意：孩子們對自己很有信心。confident自信的；talented有天賦的；interested有趣的；rich富有的。根據(jù)“Anditmakesthemstronglybelievethattheywouldgobeyond（在另一邊）themountainsoneday.”可知，孩子們出去參加比賽時，都很自信，他們堅信自己有一天會走出大山，故選A。15．句意：足球給了這些孩子一個看到外面世界美好事物的機會。rule規(guī)則；role角色；chance機會；result結(jié)果。根據(jù)“Shesaysthateverytimetheteamtravelstoanothercitytotakepartinasoccergame”可知，去其他的城市參加比賽是給了這些孩子們看到外面世界的好機會，故選C。16．(a)way17．heard18．(s)ince19．to20．it21．(s)top22．trees23．clothes24．(n)ew25．a(chǎn)n【分析】本文通過講述作者改變自己清潔習(xí)慣的經(jīng)歷，來告訴人們重復(fù)利用一些環(huán)保的東西來做清潔。16．句意：畢竟，即使我們的廢物被帶走了，它也不會憑空消失。根據(jù)“ourwastedoesn'tjustdisappearevenifitistaken”及首字母，可知，此處表示“被帶走”，用takeaway表示“帶走”，故填(a)way。17．句意：我聽到并看到的時候都不敢相信。根據(jù)中文提示，hear表示“聽到”，根據(jù)“didn’t”可知，此空應(yīng)填動詞過去式，故填heard。18．句意：自從我試過以后，我的窗戶比以前更干凈了。根據(jù)“Ihavehadclearerwindowsthanbefore…Itriedit”及首字母，可知，自從試過以后就發(fā)現(xiàn)這個很好用，since“自從”，故填(s)ince。19．句意：我以前認為紙巾越多，家就越干凈。根據(jù)“Butnow”可知，此處影視描述過去常常發(fā)生的事情，用usedtodosth表示“過去常常做某事”，故填to。20．句意：我喜歡用新鮮的白紙清洗，然后扔掉它的想法。此空指代前文提到的“thefreshwhitepaper”，paper是不可數(shù)名詞，用代詞it指代，故填it。21．句意：但現(xiàn)在我知道我不能再用紙巾了。根據(jù)“becausepapertowelsareahugewasteproblem”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個問題，所以要停止使用紙巾了，stopdoingsth“停止做某事”，havetodosth“必須做某事”，故填(s)top。22．句意：減少使用紙巾可以節(jié)約樹木、水、空氣和我們的錢。根據(jù)中文提示，tree表示“樹”，此處不是單指一棵樹，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填trees。23．句意：最近，我和我的家人開始收集所有的舊衣服。根據(jù)中文提示，clothes表示“衣服”，故填clothes。24．句意：讓其中一片做一些清潔已經(jīng)成為我們的新習(xí)慣。此空缺少形容詞修飾名詞habit，根據(jù)前文描述，作者之前習(xí)慣用紙巾做清潔，現(xiàn)在用衣服的碎片成為一種新的習(xí)慣，結(jié)合首字母n，可推斷，此空應(yīng)填new“新的”，故填(n)ew。25．句意：我以為打破一個30年的習(xí)慣是一件很不容易的事。此處表示“一件不容易的事”，表泛指，且uneasy是以元音音素開頭的單詞，故填an。26．A27．D28．C29．B30．D【分析】本文由Jonny和爸爸二人的爭論，就生氣給我們幾條建議，告訴我們好的溝通方式很重要。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jonny,a15-year-oldstudent”可知，Jonny是一名學(xué)生，故選A。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“andnowhefeelshurt.ButIonlyasked,‘Whyareyoushoutingatme?’”可知，Jonny感覺受傷是因為他的爸爸對他大叫、跟他生氣。故選D。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Acceptyourfeelingsandconsidertheotherperson’sfeelings.”，“Explainyourselfandnottheotherperson…”，“Don’talwayshavetoreflectbeforereacting（回應(yīng)）.”和“Don’tdecidethepurposeoftheotherpersonbyyourguessing.”可知，作者給出四條建議，故選C。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Explainyourselfandnottheotherperson,soyoucanspeakoutyourideasbystartingwith‘I’butnot‘You’.”可知，解釋你自己而不是別人，這樣你就可以從“我”而不是“你”開始說出你的想法。選項B“我知道你的感受，但是……”符合，故選B。30．最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Don’tforgetthatit’snevertoolatetostartthewaysofcommunicating.”和全文內(nèi)容可知，本文就生氣給我們幾條建議，告訴我們好的溝通方式很重要。故選D。31．D32．C33．A34．B35．C【分析】本文主要講述了作者把自己把前院變成一個種蔬菜和鮮花的花園的經(jīng)歷。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenwefirstmovedhere,wedidn’thaveagarden.MikeandItalkedaboutmakingalargevegetablegardensomewhereinouryard”可知，在搬到新房子時，她想有一個有蔬菜的花園，故選D。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tome,itlookedmuchtoountidy.Iadvisedtofillthoseholesbackanddignewones”可知，花園看起來太臟了，故選C。33．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Ihadtogiveitupandtrysomethingelse”可知，因為它沒有成活，所以作者不得不放棄而嘗試些其他新的東西，所以survive表示“存活”，故選A。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Beforewewentaheadanddugupthegrass,wespentsometimethinkingaboutwhereitwouldworkbest”“Weaskedmanypeoplewhatweshoulddototurnthissandboxintoaspace”“Mikemadeawoodfence（柵欄）andIpainteditwiththekids”“Next,Mikedug17holes.Thenwefilledthemwithsoil”“Overthenextfewweeks,Iworkedongettingeverythingplantedinmygarden”可知，正確的順序是：決定了花園的位置——收集了其他人的意見——建立了柵欄并給它上了漆——挖了幾個洞，然后用土填上——準備想要的植物。故選B。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了作者是如何建立她夢想花園的經(jīng)歷，故選C。36．B37．D38．C39．E40．A【分析】文章主要講述了下圍棋的基本規(guī)則、圍棋的歷史及圍棋文化的發(fā)展。36．根據(jù)“wasinventedinChinamorethan2,500yearsago”可知講了圍棋的起源