高中英語北師大版Unit21HumanBiology 第十九單元過關(guān)檢測(cè)

第十九單元過關(guān)檢測(cè)(時(shí)間:90分鐘分值:120分)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共12小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110016Evenachildknowsthatnodding(點(diǎn)頭)theheadmeans“Yes”.ButsomepeoplewillprobablybepuzzledwhentheyfirstcometotheytalktoanIndian,heoftenshakeshismightthinkthattheIndiandoesnotlikewhattheysaid,butonthecontraryheisexpressingagreement.TheIndianshaveahabitofshakingtheirheadsslightlywhentheytalktodoesn’tmean“No”,but“Yes”.Ifapersondoesn’tknowthis,itmightcausemisunderstanding.AtonetimeaforeignerinIndiatoldhisdriverwhowasanIndiantotakehimtohisdrivershookhisforeignerrepeatedhisrequestandthedrivershookhisheadlast,theforeignershoutedangrily,“Drivemetomyofficeatonce!”Thedriversaidinalowvoice,“Yes,sir,”smilingandshakinghisheadagainatthesametime.speaking,noddingtheheadmeans,andshakingtheheadmeans.

;No;Yes;Yes ;No提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一句話說即便一個(gè)小孩都明白點(diǎn)頭表示yes,由此可知答案為A項(xiàng)。答案:AtothehabitoftheIndians,ifsomeoneagreeswithyou,hewill.

hisheadhisheadnodhisheadnorshakehisheadnodhisheadorshakehishead提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。據(jù)第二段可推知答案為B項(xiàng)。答案:BdidtheIndiandrivershakehisheadwhentheforeigneraskedhimtodrivehimtohisoffice?theIndiandriverhassomethingimportanttodo.theforeignerpromisedtogivehimonlyalittlemoney.thedriverfeltuncomfortableatthattime.inIndiashakingtheheadmeansagreement.提示:推理判斷題。在印度搖頭表示同意。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:Ddidtheforeignerbecomeangry?theIndiandriverdidn’twanttosendhimtohisoffice.hemisunderstoodthemeaningofshakingtheheadinIndia.heaskedthedrivertosendhimtohisoffice,buttheIndiandriverdidn’tsayanywords.theIndiandriveraskedhimforalotofmoney.提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifapersondoesn’tknowthis,itmightcausemisunderstanding.”可知答案為B項(xiàng)。答案:BB導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110017Tobecomemoreawareofbodylanguage,watchTVwiththevoiceoffeverynight,forthreeweeksinaguessingwhat’sgoingonjustfrombodylanguage,you’llimproveyourabilityofreadingit.Keepinmindthateachpersonhastheirownuniquebodylanguagecalledbaselinespecialattentiontochangesinbodylanguageratherthanthebodylanguageitself.It’seasytospotaconfidentperson:theywillmakeprolongedeyecontactandhaveastrongmayalsositorstandveryeyecontactcanalsobefoundinlovers’orfamilies’eyes.Watchyourownbodylanguage;seewhatmessageyou’regivingoff.Forsomepeopleit’shardtolookpeopleintheeyeduringadiscussionbecauseof’timmediatelytakeitpersonally.Whenpeoplelicktheirlips,itcanbeasignofinterestorexcitementbecausesubconsciouslywhensomeoneisarousedtheirlipstendtobecarefulitcouldjustbethattheirlipsaredryorthatitisahabit.Beawareofthetwitchusuallymeanstheyareagitatedorannoyed.Watchtheface—itwillusuallygiveoffaquicklyinvoluntaryandsometimessubconscioustwitchwhensomethingirritates,excites,oramusesthem.Iftheyleanforward,they’reinterestedinlisteningtoyou.Whenapersoncloseshis/hereyeslongerthanthetimeittakestoblink,thatusuallymeansthathe/shefeelsstress,alarm,ordespair.Whenobservingothers,besubtleaboutit.Whenapersonoftentapshisfingersonsomethingit’susuallyasignofexcitementorimpatience.doesthepassagemainlytalkabout?othersclosely.countrieshavedifferentbodylanguage.peoplehavedifferentbodylanguage.ofbodylanguage.提示:主旨大意題。本文從多方面介紹了關(guān)于肢體語言的細(xì)節(jié)。答案:Deyecontactmaymeanthepersonis.

提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段中的“It’seasytospotaconfidentperson:theywillmakeprolongedeyecontactandhaveastrongmayalsositorstandverycorrectly.”可知答案。答案:Cbodylanguagemaymeanheorsheisinterestedorexcited?theirlips.theirmouths.forward.theirfingers.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第六段中的“Whenpeoplelicktheirlipsitcanbeasignofinterestorexcitementbecausesubconsciouslywhensomeoneisarousedtheirlipstendtodry.”可知答案。答案:Aapersonisfondofwhatyouaresaying,hemay.

hiseyes othersforward stress提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第九段中的“Iftheyleanforward,they’reinterestedinlisteningtoyou.”可知答案:。答案:CC導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110018Everypeoplehastheirownwayofsayingthings,theirownspecialAmericanexpressionsarebasedoncolors.RedisahotoftenuseittoexpressmaysaytheyareredhotaboutsomethingtheyareredhottheyareveryangryaboutsmallhottastingpeppersfoundinmanyMexicanfoodsarecalledredhotsfortheircolorandtheirfieryloudmusicispopularwithmanymaysaythemusicisredhot,especiallythekindcalledDixielandjazz.PinkisalighterkindofsometimessaytheyareinthepinkwhentheyareingoodexpressionwasfirstusedinAmericaatthebeginningofthetwentiethprobablycomesfromthefactthatmanybabiesarebornwithanicepinkcolorwhichshowsthattheyareingoodhealth.BlueisacooltraditionalbluesmusicintheUnitedStatesistheoppositeofredhotisslow,sadandEllingtonandhisorchestrarecordedafamoussong-MoodIndigo-aboutthedeepbluecolor,whoisblueisverysad.Thecolorgreenisnaturalfortreesanditisanunnaturalcolorforpersonwhohasasickfeelingstomachmaysayhefeelsalittlepassengeronaboatwhoisfeelingverysickfromhighwavesmaylookverygreen.Sometimesapersonmaybeupsetbecausehedoesnothavesomethingasniceasafriendhas,likeafastnewpersonmaysayheisgreenwithpeoplearegreenwithenvybecauseafriendhasmoredollarsorarecalledgreenbacksbecausethatisthecolorofthebacksideofthepapermoney.Thecolorblackisoftenusedindescribeadayinwhicheverythinggoeswrongasablackdateofamajortragedyisrememberedasablackblacklistisillegalatonetime,somebusinessesrefusedtoemploypeoplewhowereonablacklistforbelongingtounpopularorganizations.youhadyourwalletstolenwhiledoingsomeshopping,youmaycallit.

whiteday blackdayredday greenday提示:推理判斷題。最后一段說,人們將什么都不對(duì)勁的那一天稱為“黑色的日子”,買東西的時(shí)候錢包被人偷了,可謂“黑色的日子”。答案:BMrBrownsaysheisveryhappybecausehisthreechildrenareallinthepink,thismeansallhischildrenare.

andwealthy andmodestandhealthy andenergetic提示:推理判斷題。從文章第三段對(duì)“粉紅色”的描述看,粉紅色是健康的象征,因?yàn)閯偝鍪赖膵雰撼史奂t色,由此可推知當(dāng)MrBrown說他的三個(gè)孩子們都呈粉紅色時(shí),意味著他的孩子都很健康。答案:Cshegothomeandfoundnothinghadbeendonebyherhusband,Janewasreally.

hot 提示:推理判斷題?；氐郊依?發(fā)現(xiàn)丈夫什么事情都沒有做,妻子當(dāng)然十分生氣了,根據(jù)第二段第四句可知生氣可用redhot來描述。答案:Athefollowingparagraph,thewritermighttellthereaderssomethingabout.

organizationsintheworld’sresponsetowardsablackdayinfluenceofthetraditionalblueswordsaboutacolor,suchasbrown提示:推理判斷題。文章開頭說,美國(guó)的很多日常表達(dá)都與顏色有關(guān),然后介紹了red、pink、blue、green、black所表示的含義,那么下文應(yīng)該是繼續(xù)介紹其他顏色所表示的含義。答案:D第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110019TheMayanIndianslivedinMexicoforthousandsofyearsbeforetheSpanisharrivedintheMayaswereanintelligent,culturallyrichpeoplewhoseachievementswerehadfarms,beautifulpalaces,andcitieswithmanybuildings.13Thisknowledgehelpedthemtoliveabetterlifethanmostpeopleofthattime,becausetheycoulduseittomaketheirlivesmorecomfortableandrewarding.

InancientMexicothereweremanysmallclearingsintheeachclearingwasavillagewithfieldsofcorn,beans,andothercropsaroundclearthelandforfarms,theMayascutdowntreeswithstoneplantedseedsbydiggingholesinthegroundwithpointedsticks.14ButnoteveryMayahadtobeawereclothmakers,builders,orpriests.

TheMayasbuiltlargetemplestohonortheMayanworkersbuiltcitiesaroundthese,manyoftheseancientMayancitiesandtemplesarestillstanding.AlthoughthecitiesthattheMayasbuiltwerebeautiful,andthepeopleworkedhardtobuildthem,veryfewofthepeoplelivedin,onlythepriestslivedintheotherpeoplelivedinsmallvillagesinthelivedinsmallhutswithnowallsweremadeofpolescoveredwithdriedmud,andtheroofwasmadeofgrassorleaves.15

MeasuringtimewasimportanttotheMayas.16Asystemwasdevelopedformeasuringtimepriestsmadethesystemtokeeptrackofmadeacalendarbasedontheirstudyofthesun,moonandMayancalendarwasfarmoreaccuratethantheEuropeancalendarsofthetime.

Aroundtheyear800,theMayaslefttheirvillagesandbeautifulcities,nevertoreturn.17Theymayhavediedfromaninfectiousmayhaveleftbecausethesoilcouldnolongergrowarestilltryingtofindthelostsecretsofthearestilloneofourgreatestmysteries.

oneknowswhythishappened.Mayaslivedasimplelifewhichwasclosetonature.Mayaswereanintelligent,culturallyrichpeople.neededtoknowwhentoplantandharvesttheircrops.hadtofightagainstnaturaldisastersascommonoccurrences.farmerwasabletogrowcropsthatproducedfoodforseveralpeople.Mayasknewalotaboutnatureandtheworldaroundthem.答案:13~17GFBDA第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110020PeoplefromGreatBritainbroughttheEnglishlanguagetoNorthAmericainthe16thand17thinthe18300years,therewere19manychangesin20placesthatnowpeoplecan21tellanEnglishperson22anAmericaninthewayheorshespeaks.

Manyoldwords23inEnglandbutwerekeptinexample,300yearsagopeopleinGreatBritaingottheirwaterfromsomethingtheycalledeithera“faucet”,a“spigot”ora“tap”.Allthesewordsare24heardindifferentpartsofAmerica,butonly“tap”isstillcommonin25.Americansoftenmadeupnewwordsorchangedold26.

“Corn”isonekindofplantsinAmericaand27inEngland.

Also,overthelastthreecenturiestheEnglishlanguage28thousandsofnewwordsforthingsthatweren’tknown29.Andoften,AmericanandEnglishpeopleusedsfortincaniscalled“tin”forshortinEngland,buta“can”inword“radio”is31allovertheworld,includingmanyEnglishpeoplecallita“wireless”.Andalmostanythinghavingsomethingtodo32cars,railroads,etc.33differentnamesinBritishandAmericanEnglish.

ButnowAmericanandBritishEnglishmaybegrowingclose34isthelargenumbersofAmericanspeechesthatEnglishpeopleheardailyinmovies,ontelevision,or35travelers.36this,AmericansseemtobeinfluencingtheEnglishpeoplemoreorsomeday,Englishmayevenbe37onbothsidesoftheAtlantic.

提示:“inthefollowing300years”指“接下來的300年里”。(以上文16,17世紀(jì)為起點(diǎn))

答案:A 提示:考查so...that...“如此……以至于……”。句意:兩地的變化是如此之大,以至于人們能夠根據(jù)說話的方式來區(qū)分英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人。答案:C 提示:第一句話信息“GreatBritain”“NorthAmerica”表明兩處地方。答案:B 提示:本句信息“somanychanges”。按照常理,區(qū)別大辨別起來自然容易。答案:D 提示:tell...from...為固定搭配,意為“把……和……區(qū)別開”。答案:B disappeared 提示:but表明上下轉(zhuǎn)折與對(duì)比。與kept相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞是disappeared。答案:A 提示:與后文“butonly‘tap’isstillcommonin25.”對(duì)比。

答案:D twocountries 提示:整個(gè)例子是說明單詞在“America”與“England”兩個(gè)國(guó)家的使用。上句已經(jīng)提到“America”“but”,之后進(jìn)行對(duì)比,自然指“England”。答案:C 提示:句意:美國(guó)人常常創(chuàng)造新單詞或改變舊單詞。結(jié)合取代詞的用法ones取代上文的words,可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指。答案:C 提示:玉米在美國(guó)是一種植物,而在英國(guó)又是其他一種。答案:A added discovered提示:“newwords”與“thatweren’tknown29”表明是新添的單詞。

答案:B somecountries centuries提示:根據(jù)常理:新添的單詞自然是以前未知的單詞。答案:C 提示:后文例子“Atincaniscalled‘tin’forshortinEngland,buta‘can’inAmerica.”以及“Theword‘radio’is31allovertheworld,includingmanyEnglishpeoplecallita‘wireless’.”可知美國(guó)人與英國(guó)人對(duì)同一事物使用兩個(gè)不同的名字。

答案:C 提示:句意:單詞“radio”在全世界使用。答案:D 提示:havesomethingtodowith...為固定句型,意為“與……有關(guān)”。答案:C given given提示:have表示“擁有”,anything做主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。答案:A 提示:此處在舉例證明英美兩國(guó)的語言越來越相似,onething指其中的一個(gè)例子。答案:A 提示:介詞搭配fromtravelers指來自游客。答案:A of提示:從上下文句意推出:上下句是因果關(guān)系,所以選becauseof。答案:D differentsame useful提示:與主旨有關(guān)。本段主旨在舉例證明英美兩國(guó)的語言越來越相似,所以,推測(cè)將來有一天,英美會(huì)使用相同的英語。答案:C第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110021Withthe38.(develop)ofindustry,airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreBeijing,manypeoplesufferdifferentkindsofillnessesbecause39.airpollution.

Airpollutioniscausedbythefollowing40.:abouthalfoftheproblemiscausedbyaremoreandmorecars,busesontheroads,andtheygiveoff41.(poison)%ofairpollutioniscausedbyfactoristhenotonlydoesharmtotheirhealth42.to.these,about10%ofairpollutioniscausedbyotherreasons.

Weshouldtakesomemeasurestofight44.fuelcanbeusedtotake45.placeofcanplantmoreeverybodyrealisesthe46.(important)ofenvironmentanddoessomethingtostoppollution,theproblemwill47.(solve).

答案:factorssolved第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53110022MrJohnsonisahardworkingday,hespendstoomuchtimewithhislittlesleepandhardlyanybreak,soheworksfrommorningtillworkhasmadehimveryill