高中英語人教版Unit2Workingtheland unit2periodone

FatherofHybridRice—YuanLongpingYuanLongping，aChinesescientist，wasborninYuangraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953andsincethenhehasdevotedhimselftoagriculturaleducationandresearch.ProfessorYuanwasapioneerinhybridriceresearchandmaderemarkableachievementsinthisarea，firstdevelopinghybridriceintheachievementsofYuanLongpinggreatlysolvedthefoodshortage，andprovidedasolutiontotheworldwideisregardedasthefifthinventionafterChina’sFourMajorInventions，andisacclaimedastheSecondGreenRevolution.YuanLongpingwasthefirstpersontodevelophybridnewtechnologywastestedinmanyareasofSouthChinain1974and1975，andthenextendedtotheotherbecamethefirstcountrythatiscapableofproducinghybridLongpingisthefirstscientistwhosuccessfullyrealizedlarge-scalefarmingofhybridearnedhimthetitle“FatherofHybridRice”.HispioneeringworkinhybridricebreedingandproductiontechniqueshasrevolutionizedricecultivationinChina，establishingChina’sworldleadingpositioninhybridricepresent，thehybridricedevelopedbyYuanisplantedonthefarmlandsalloverChina，whichplayedanimportantroleinincreasingChina’sgrainincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworldpopulationarefedfromjust7%oftheworld’stotalfarmland.根據(jù)上文完成下列各題1．Whatishishybridricecalled?HishybridriceisregardedasthefifthinventionafterChina’sFourMajorInventions.2．WhatroledoeshishybridriceplayinChina?Hishybridricemadeitpossiblethat22%oftheworldpopulationarefedfromjust7%oftheworld’stotalfarmland.3．Doyouwanttobeascientistonfarminginthefuture?Giveyourreasons.Theanswersmayvary.PeriodOneWarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.單詞1．n.數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計statistic十年；十年期decade產(chǎn)量；輸出output莊稼；農(nóng)作物crop饑餓；欲望hunger戰(zhàn)斗；戰(zhàn)役battle自由freedom谷物；糧食grain國籍nationality工作；職業(yè)occupation2．v.斗爭；拼搏；努力struggle使變大；伸展expand循環(huán)；流傳circulate裝備；配備equip輸出；出口export3．a(chǎn)dj.曬黑的sunburnt特級的super引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturbingadv.因此；所以thereforeⅡ.短語1．幸虧；由于thanksto2．擺脫；去除rid...of3．寧愿；寧可wouldrather4．對……感到滿意besatisfiedwith1．YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁隆平種植的是被稱為“超級雜交水稻”的稻種。2．Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量。3．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。4．Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。5．Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.他從夢中醒來，希望能種植一種可以養(yǎng)活更多人的水稻。1．Indeed，hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim，strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers，forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的確，他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實的身體，就跟其他千百萬的中國農(nóng)民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。[歸納拓展]strugglevi.&n．斗爭；拼搏；努力strugglewith與……斗爭strugglefor為爭取……而斗爭struggleagainst與……斗爭；為反對……而斗爭struggletodosth.努力做某事struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來[語境助記](1)Shestruggledtokeepbackthetears.她努力忍住淚水。(2)Itwasahardstruggletogetmyworkdoneontime.為使工作按時完成，我做了一番努力。(3)Lisastruggledwithherconsciencebeforetalkingtothepolice.跟警察談話前麗莎與自己的良知作斗爭。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)Theywerepoorandhadtostruggleforlife(為生活而掙扎)．(2)She’sstrugglingtosupportafamilyonherown(獨自養(yǎng)活這個家庭)．(3)Hestruggledtohisfeet(掙扎著站起來)anddraggedslowlyahead.2．Atthattime，hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.當時，饑荒是許多農(nóng)村地區(qū)面臨的令人焦慮的問題。[歸納拓展]hungern．饑餓；欲望；v.(使)饑餓；渴望haveahungerfor渴望hungerfor/after渴望得到disturbingadj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturbvt.打擾；使煩惱disturbedadj.煩惱的；不安的[語境助記](1)Hungeristhebestsauce.饑不擇食。(2)Thegirlhasastronghungerforknowledge.這個女孩有強烈的求知欲。(3)Wordthatthewarwouldlastlongwasdisturbing.戰(zhàn)爭會持續(xù)很久的消息讓人不安。(4)Itdisturbedhertorealizethatshewasalone.她意識到自己孤單一人，心里感到不安。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)Weallhungerforothers’understanding.我們都渴望得到別人的理解。(2)Nowadaysthewholeworldhasahungerforpeace.如今全世界渴望和平。(3)Itisverydisturbingthatwehaven’theardfromhim.我們沒有收到他的信，這很令人不安。(4)Attimesthebalanceinnatureisdisturbed，resultinginanumberofpossibleunforeseeneffects.有時自然平衡被擾亂，導(dǎo)致了許多可能預(yù)料不到的結(jié)果。3．YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面積的基礎(chǔ)上尋求達到增收稻米的途徑。[歸納拓展]expandv．使變大；伸展；擴大，擴展；增加expansionn．展開；膨脹；擴展o...將……擴展/發(fā)展成……expandon/upon詳述；詳細闡明[語境助記](1)Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.他正在考慮擴大他的生意。(2)Intenyearsthecity’spopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中，該市人口增加了百分之十二。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)Thewriterisexpandinghisstoryintoanovel.這位作家正把他的故事擴展成一本小說。(2)Couldyouexpandonthatpoint，please?請你把那一點詳細說明一下好嗎？4．Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是，他拿出數(shù)百萬元幫助其他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。[歸納拓展]equipvt.&vi.配備；裝備equipmentn．裝備；設(shè)備equipsb./用……武裝某人；用……裝備某物equipsb./為……而武裝某人；為……而裝備某物[語境助記](1)Theyequippedthemselvesfortheexpedition.他們?yōu)檫h征準備裝備。(2)Agoodeducationshouldequipyouforlife.良好的教育能使你受用終生。(3)Therearealotofpiecesofequipmentinthegym.健身館里有很多設(shè)備。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)Thesoldierswerewellequippedwith(裝備)weapons.(2)Thislibraryisequippedfor(為……而裝備)atomicresearch.(3)Ourclassroomisequippedwith(裝備有)acomputerandataperecorder.(4)Allclassesofthisschoolareequippedwithmodernequipment.(equip)1．Thankstohisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。[歸納拓展]thanksto幸虧；由于；因為。表示“由于”的短語還有：becauseof，owingto，dueto，onaccountof。ridsb./...使某人/某物擺脫……get/beridof擺脫；除去[語境助記](1)Thankstoyourhelp，Iamsuccessful.多虧了你的幫助，我成功了。(2)Youshouldridyourselfofthesmokinghabit.你應(yīng)該改掉吸煙的習(xí)慣。(3)Ican’tgetridofthisheadache.我這頭疼老也不好。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)Thankstothetimelyrain，thecropsweresaved.多虧了這場及時雨，莊稼得救了。(2)IfIruledtheworld，Iwouldridtheworldofwars.如果我統(tǒng)治了世界，我就會讓世界消除戰(zhàn)爭。(3)Furthermeasureswillbetakentoridourstreetsofcrime.將采取進一步措施來防止街頭犯罪。2．YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平很滿意他的生活。[歸納拓展]besatisfiedwith＝becontentwith＝bepleasedwith對……感到滿意besatisfiedtodo對做……感到滿意toone’ssatisfaction令某人滿意的是withsatisfaction滿意地[語境助記](1)Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswer?你對他的答案滿意嗎？(2)EveryoneisquitesatisfiedwithLiuQian’sperformance.大家對劉謙的表演很滿意。(3)Hewassatisfiedtowintherace.他對贏得比賽感到滿意。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)Iamnotsatisfiedwithyourmustimproveit.我對你的工作不滿意，你一定要改進。(2)Tomysatisfaction，Ihavepassedtheexamination.令我滿意的是我通過了考試。(3)Shelookedbackonhercareerwithgreatsatisfaction.回顧自己的事業(yè)，她深感欣慰。3．Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的業(yè)余愛好上。[歸納拓展]wouldrather寧愿；寧可(1)wouldrather的否定形式為wouldrathernot。(2)woulddoAratherthandoB/wouldratherdoAthandoB/prefertodoAratherthandoB，表示“寧愿做A也不愿做B”。(3)wouldrather后接動詞原形或that從句。接從句時要用虛擬語氣，即用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪龅氖?，用過去完成時表示過去要做的事。[語境助記](1)HewouldratherstayathomewatchingTV.他寧愿待在家里看電視。(2)I’drathernotgothere.我寧愿不去那里。(3)Iwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastnight.我寧愿你昨晚去了那里。[題組訓(xùn)練]用所給詞的適當形式填空(1)Iwouldratheryouknew(know)now，thanafterwards.(2)Ratherthanride(ride)onacrowdedbus，Iprefertowalk(walk)．(3)Shewouldratherdie(die)thanlose(lose)herchildren.4．YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁隆平種植的是被稱為“超級雜交水稻”的稻種。[歸納拓展]what后引導(dǎo)的句子為賓語從句，做grow的賓語，what在從句中作主語。what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句相當于名詞的作用，可作主語、賓語或表語，且what在從句中可用作主語、賓語或表語。[語境助記](1)Whatweneedispatience.我們需要的是耐心。(2)Theyarrivedinwhatwascalled“theNewContinent”．他們到達了一個叫“新大陸”的地方。(3)Thequestioniswhathewantstodonext.問題是他下一步想做什么。[題組訓(xùn)練]用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空(1)Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatewhattheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.(2)ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleavewhatcouldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.5．In1973，hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1973年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先鋒。[歸納拓展]一般當中心詞為序數(shù)詞、最高級，thelast，theonly等或中心詞被這類詞修飾時多用不定式作定語。[語境助記](1)Hewasthefirstvolunteertocome.他是第一個來的志愿者。(2)Heisamongthebeststudentstodotheexperiment.他是做實驗的最好學(xué)生之一。[題組訓(xùn)練]用所給詞的適當形式填空(1)Heisthefirsttocome(come)andthelasttoleave(leave)．(2)Iamtheonlymantohear(hear)thenews.(3)Edisonwasthefirstscientisttobuild(build)amodernresearchanddevelopmentcentre.6．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。[歸納拓展]本句中twiceaslargeas是表示倍數(shù)關(guān)系的一種句型，意為“是……的兩倍”。常用的倍數(shù)的表達法還有：……倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than；……倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/length/width/height/weight)＋of。[語境助記]Thisriveristhreetimesaslongasthatone.Thisriveristwicelongerthanthatone.Thisriveristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.這條河是那條河的三倍長。[題組訓(xùn)練](1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thewireisfourtimesaslongasthatone.Thewireisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.Thewireisfourtimesthelengthofthatone.(2)ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbethreetimesasbigas(3倍大)thepresentone.Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.句式分析：此句為復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞akindofrice。自主翻譯：袁博士從夢中醒來，希望能種植一種能養(yǎng)活更多人的水稻。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theyhadtostruggle(奮斗)fortheirlivesagainstbadweather.2．It’sverydisturbing(令人焦慮的)thattherehasbeenanincreaseincrimeinthelastsixmonths.3．Thesmallbusinesshasexpanded(擴大)intoalargemultinationalcompany.4．Irecommendthisbooktobewidelycirculated(傳播)amongthestudents.5．Hefeltsatisfied(滿意)athavingrealizedhisdream.Ⅱ.選詞填空expandinto，thanksto，rid...of，besatisfiedwith，wouldrather，equip...with，strugglewith/against，circulate...to，export...to，inthehopeof1．Hewenttothecityinthehopeofmakingmoney.2．Hiscompanyhasexpandedintoabigoneaftertenyearsofhardwork.3．Youmustridyourselfoftheburdenofthesecret.4．We’llhavetoequipourofficewithwordprocessors，won’twe?5．Thankstotheteacher’sexplanation，it’scleartomenow.6．Shehasbeenstrugglingwith/againstillnessformanyyears.7．Thebadnewswascirculatedtohisfatheratlast.8．Nowadaysmanyteenagerswouldrathergetadvicefromstrangersonline.9．JapanexportselectricappliancestoEurope.10．Oneshouldn’tbesatisfiedwithonlyalittlesuccess.Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Betterstaywithyoustaywithus，youaremuchsafer.Betterstaywithso，youaremuchsafer.2．Thatwasthewayhetreatedhisparents.Thatwashowhetreatedhisparents.3．TheweatherinKunmingismuchbetterthantheweatherinHarbin.TheweatherinKunmingismuchbetterthanthatinHarbin.4．Asshedidn’tknowthewaytothehospital，sheturnedtothepoliceforhelp.Notknowingthewaytothehospital，sheturnedtothepoliceforhelp.5．Theywenttothesupermarketonfootinsteadofbytaxi.Theywenttothesupermarketonfootratherthanbytaxi.6．Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplacethatwasawastelandtenyearsago.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawaste-landtenyearsago.Ⅰ.課文理解1．Thetextismainlyabout.A．YuanLongping’sachievementsinfarmingB．YuanLongping’sdailylifeC．theworld’shungerproblemD．theworld’sriceproblem答案A2．IfYuanLongpingworkswithotherfarmersinthefield，itishardtotellhimfromothersbecause.A．heregardshimselfasafarmerB．heisreallylikeotherfarmersC．hewearssimpleclotheslikeotherfarmersD．peopledon’tknowwhoYuanLongpingis答案B3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthehobbiesof?A．Playingmah-jong.B．Swimming.C．Listeningtoviolinmusic.D．Listeningtorockandroll.答案D4．Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthat.A．YuanLongpingalwayshasalotofdreamswhensleepingB．dreamscanhelppeopleachievegreaterachievementsC．YuanLongping’sanotherdreamistoexporthisriceD．YuanLongpingprovesthatonedreamisnotalwaysenough答案B5．Fromthetext，wecanknowthat.A．YuanLongpingfoundawaytoincreasericeharvestsbyexpandingtheareaoffieldsB．YuanLongpingissatisfiedwithhislifebecauseheisfamousandrichC．inthe1950s，manypartsofthecountrysidewereshortoffoodD．hiswayofincreasingriceharvestsonlyworksinsomeAsiancountries答案CⅡ.課文縮寫Famousscientistheis，YuanLongpingconsidershimselfgrowsiscalledsuperhybridayoungman，YuanLongpingsawthegreatneedforincreasingthericethattime，hungerwasa(disturb)probleminwantedtoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthe1973，aspecialstrainofricemadepossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamehisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldof(hungry)．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceas(large)asisnowcirculatinghisriceknowledgeinlessdevelopedcountriesincrease(increase)theirriceharvestsandhewantstoexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundthehehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades，DrYuanisquitesatisfiedhishissparetime，heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic，playingmah-jong，swimmingandreading.Ⅲ.閱讀理解ATwothingsIreallybelievein—savingmoneyandsavingtheplanet，andit’sevenbetterwhenIcandosomethingthataccomplishesbothatthesametime.Rainwaterharvestingisjustsuchathenearfuture，rainwaterharvestingwillbeascommonastwelve-year-oldgirlscarryingcellphones.ManycountriesalreadyrelyheavilyonBermuda，forexample，everybuildingonthesmallislandcollectstherainwaterfromitsroofandstoresitforlater，Americaisjustslightlybehindthecurve.Therearemanywaysyoucanbeginharvestingrainwaterandmostofthemareeasyandexample，userainbarrelstocollectthewaterthatwouldordinarilyrunoffofyour’dbesurprisedhowfastafifty-gallonbarrelwillfillwithfree，usablebuildingconstructionofferssomegoodwaystogatherrainwater，andthecostofinstallation(安裝)isusuallyoffset(抵消)byreducedusageverydrainscanbepipedintoundergroundtanks，whereapumpcandrawitupasneeded.Therainwatercanevenbetreatedtomakeitdrinkable！Ifthatrainwaterwerenotcollected，butallowedtorunoveryourlawn，intothestreetandeventuallytoastormwatertreatmentfacility，itwouldpickupallsortsofpollutants(污染物)onitsjourney—fertilizersandpesticidesfromthegrass，motoroil，antifreezeandsuchfromtheroads，andwhoknowswhatelse.Dependingonwhereyoulive，thestormwatermaybepipedtoatreatmentplantoritmayruninnaturalchannelstoallownaturetoremovetheway，thetreatmentofstormwaterisyoureducetheamountofstormwaterrun-offfromyourhomeoroffice，youreducetheneedfortreatment.Waterisrapidlybecomingoneofourmostpreciousresourcesanditisnotasabundantasyoumaythink.1．Accordingtothepassage，harvestingrainwatercan.A．benefitpeopleeconomicallyandenvironmentallyB．promotethedevelopmentofeconomyandpeaceC．benefitourhealthandthesurroundingsaswellD．makeusliveabetterlifeinthenearfuture答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段可知，無論從經(jīng)濟還是環(huán)保的角度考慮，收集雨水都是非常有益的。2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．HarvestingrainwaterinAmericaisnotcommon.B．ThereisnoneedforAmericanstoharvestrainwater.C．Americansdon’tshowinterestinharvestingrainwater.D．Americanscan’tcollectrainwaterfromtheroofcorrectly.答案A解析推理判斷題。由第三段可知，美國的情況與Bermuda的情況不同。由此可推知，在利用雨水這方面美國做得并不好，故選A項。3．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtofixtheequipmentundertheground.B．Howtoreducethecostofnewequipment.C．Howtotakeadvantageoftherainwater.D．Howtoharvestrainwatereffectively.答案D解析主旨大意題。由第四段可知，該段主要講述的是如何有效地收集雨水，故選D項。4．Whatisthebesttimeforustoharvestrainwatertodrink?A．Beforeitreachesourroofs.B．Afteritrunsoverourlawns.C．Afteritdropsfromtheroof.D．Afteritrunsintothestreet.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段和第五段可知，在雨水從房頂落下時收集，短時間內(nèi)收集的量多，不僅收集效率高，而且更易于凈化處理成可以飲用的水。BWhydomenliveashorterlifethanwomen？Thelatestresearchindicatesthatmen’sheartsgoingintoarapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleagecouldbethecause.Theresearchofageingonthehearthasshownthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosemuchpumpingpowerwithage.“Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20percent～25percentbetween20and70yearsofage，”saidtheheadofthestudy，SamanthaofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.“Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellswhichmakeittheagesof20and70，one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmen，”saidSamantha.“Thisispartoftheageing