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采礦工程專業(yè)英語詞匯手冊(GlossaryofSpecialEnglishinMiningEngineering)——《采礦學(xué)》雙語教學(xué)專用采礦工程專業(yè)內(nèi)部講義九月Content目錄minen.礦山,礦井。v.采礦collieryn.礦井coalmining采煤undergroundmining地下開采surfacemining露天開采reserven.儲量coal-bearingadj.含煤的highproductionandhighefficiency高產(chǎn)高效developmentn.開拓preparationn.準(zhǔn)備miningmethod采煤方法subsidev.下沉,沉陷subsidencen.沉降,沉陷miningsubsidencen.開采沉陷mechanizev.使…機械化mechanizationn.機械化coalfieldn.煤田miningarean.礦區(qū)minefieldn.井田dividev.劃分divisionn.劃分mineproductioncapacity(MPC)礦井生產(chǎn)能力mineservicelife礦井服務(wù)年限productionscaleofmine井型smallmine小型礦井middlemine中型礦井largemine大型礦井hugemine特大型礦井striken.走向dipn.傾向dipangle傾角workableadj.可采的workablereserven.可采儲量openingn.通道,開口mineopeningn.礦山井巷passagewayn.通道shaftn.立井roadwayn.巷道chambern.硐室mainshaft主立井a(chǎn)uxiliaryshaft副立井airshaft風(fēng)井blindshaft暗立井drawnshaft溜井chuten.溜煤眼aditn.平硐driftn.平硐crosscutn.聯(lián)絡(luò)巷;石門coalcrosscut煤門entryn.平巷haulagen.運送mainhaulageroadway重要運送平巷mainreturn-airroadway重要回風(fēng)平巷headentry區(qū)段運送平巷tailentry區(qū)段回風(fēng)平巷slopen.斜井risen.上山dipn.下山rockrise巖石上山coalrise煤層上山coalhaulagerise運煤上山materialtransportingrise運料上山return-airrise回風(fēng)上山men-walkingrise行人上山inclinedroadwayofastrip分帶斜巷inclinedcoalhaulageroadwayofastrip分帶運煤斜巷inclinedmaterialhaulageroadwayofastrip分帶運料斜巷developmentroadway開拓巷道preparationroadway準(zhǔn)備巷道gateway回采巷道pitbottom井底車場shaftbottom井底車場stationn.車場,車站miningdistrictstation采區(qū)車場horizonn.階段leveln.水平haulagelevel運送水平return-airlevel回風(fēng)水平mininglevel開采水平intervalbetweenlevels階段垂高miningdistrict采區(qū)paneln.盤區(qū)subleveln.分段stripdistrictn.帶區(qū)inclinedlength斜長strikelength走向長度districtsublevel區(qū)段Open-offcutn.切眼coalfacen.采煤面workingface工作面productionn.生產(chǎn);產(chǎn)量productionsystem生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)coalhaulagesystem運煤系統(tǒng)ventilationn.通風(fēng)ventilationsystem通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)freshair新鮮風(fēng)dirtyair乏風(fēng),污風(fēng)refusen.矸石materialandrefusetransportationsystem運料排矸系統(tǒng)drainv.排水drainagesystem排水系統(tǒng)powersupplysystem(electricpower,compressedair)動力供應(yīng)(電、壓風(fēng))communicationandmonitoringsystem通訊、監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)drivev.掘進excavatev.開挖,開掘hoistv.提高winchn.絞車stope采場miningworks/units回采工作basicoperat(yī)ion基本工序breakv.破碎loadv.裝載haulv.運送auxiliaryoperations輔助工序roofsupport頂板支護gobtreat(yī)ment采空區(qū)解決auxiliarytransportation輔助運送ventilation通風(fēng)drainage排水powersupply供電,emulsionsupply供液(乳化液)等。winning/miningtechnique采煤工藝miningsystem采煤系統(tǒng)miningroadwaylayout回采巷道布置classifyv.分類drymining旱采wallminingsystem壁式開采full-seammining整層singlelongwallminingmethod單一長壁采煤法longwallminingonstrike走向長壁開采longwallminingoninclineii傾向長壁開采sublevelcaving放頂煤shield掩護支架slicingmethod分層inclinedslicing傾斜分層horizontalslicing水平分層obliqueslicing斜切分層top-slicingsystemofsublevelcaving水平分段放頂煤pillarminingsystem柱式開采roomandpillarminingmethod房柱式roommethod房式hydraulicmining水采undergroundliquefaction地下液化和氣化undergroundgasification地下液化和氣化roofcaving垮落法(自然垮落、強制放頂)packing充填法pillarsupport刀柱式nearlyhorizontalcoalseam近水平煤層gentlyinclinedcoalseam緩斜煤層inclinedcoalseam傾斜煤層steeplyinclined~急傾斜厚煤層:thincoalseam薄煤層middlethickcoalseam中厚煤層thickcoalseam厚煤層steeplyinclinedcoalseamwithanhugethickness急傾斜特厚煤層blastingminingtechnology炮采conventionallymechanizedminingtechnology普通機械化采煤工藝fullymechanizedminingtechnology綜合機械化采煤工藝fullymechanizedminingwithtopcoalcavingtechnology綜采放頂煤工藝continuousminer連續(xù)采煤機shuttlecarn.梭車universalextensibleconveyor萬向接長機boltv.打錨桿;n.錨桿miningmethod采礦方法;miningoperation采礦作業(yè);groundcontrol頂板管理;recovery回采率;subsidencecontrol地表沉陷控制cover覆蓋層;overburden上覆地層;immediateroof直接頂;floor底板;hardness硬度;strength強度cleavage解理gas,methane瓦斯dailyoperation平常工作singleoperation單一工序unitoperation單元作業(yè)auxiliaryoperation輔助作業(yè)cuttingn.切割,掏槽;lightingn.照明outcrop露頭,露出地面的巖層developmentstage開拓階段productionstage生產(chǎn)階段haulagecapacity運送能力mainentry主巷barrierpillar隔離煤柱buttentry區(qū)段平巷shearer滾筒采煤機planer,Plow刨煤機augermining螺旋鉆開采rapidexcavation快速掘進oceanmining海洋采礦mineboundary井田邊界terrainn.地形geologicalstructure地質(zhì)構(gòu)造faultn.斷層foldn.褶皺downfoldn.背斜upfoldn.向斜coalquality煤質(zhì)occurrence賦存minegeologicalreserve礦井地質(zhì)儲量usablereserves(A+B+C+D)可運用儲量tempraryuselessresrves暫不能運用儲量mineindustrialreserveZg=(A+B+C)礦井工業(yè)儲量futurereserve(D)遠(yuǎn)景儲量workablereserve開采儲量designedlostreserve設(shè)計煤炭損失recoveryrate回采率MineProductionCapacity(MPC)礦井生產(chǎn)能力coalfaceoutput采煤工作面產(chǎn)量miningdistrictproductioncapacity采區(qū)生產(chǎn)能力costpertoncoalproduct噸煤成本mineservicelife礦井使用年限minefielddevelopment井田開拓developmentroadway開拓巷道developmentway開拓方式developmentsystem開拓系統(tǒng)portaltype井筒類型aditdevelopment平硐開拓slopedevelopment斜井開拓?shaftdevelopment立井開拓combineddevelopment綜合開拓developmentroadwaylayout開拓巷道布置mainroadwayforsingleseam分層大巷gatheringmainroadway集中大巷gateringmainroadwayforeachcoalseamgroup分組集中大巷singlelevel單水平mutiplelevel多水平preparationtype準(zhǔn)備方式risetype上山式riseanddipType上下山式combinedrisesanddip上山、上下山混合式industrialarea工業(yè)場地mininglevel開采水平pitbottom井底車場developmentdeepening開拓延深replacementofmininglevel水平接替transportationfacility運送設(shè)備electromechanicalmineoperation礦井機電作業(yè)capitalinvestment基本建設(shè)投資。minability可采性marketability適銷性,可銷性coalreserve煤礦nominal,名義上的,極小的。operatingmine生產(chǎn)礦井surfacetopography地面地形,表面地形coalfield煤田measure層組coal-bearingmeasure含煤地層tilledarea耕地reservoir水庫powerline電力線,輸電線reservationn.保存地;自然保護區(qū)portal井筒expectedlifeofthemine礦井的設(shè)計使用年限r(nóng)ailhaulage軌道運送drift平硐shaft立井,豎井slope斜井topsoil(表土層),quicksand(流砂層).mainshaft主立井a(chǎn)uxiliaryshaft副立井a(chǎn)irshaft風(fēng)井transferhouse中轉(zhuǎn)煤倉headframe井架hoisthouse提高機房,絞車房skip箕斗cage罐籠cardump卸煤設(shè)備storagebin井底煤倉pressuredrop壓降capitalcost基建費用advancingmining前進式開采retreat(yī)ingmining后退式開采descendingmining下行式downwardsmining下行式upwardmining上行式double-trackedtrainhoistingsystem雙溝串車提高系統(tǒng)Single-trackedtrainhoistingsystem單鉤串車提高系統(tǒng)endlessrop無極繩提高Overheadmonorial單軌吊Sublevelslopedevelopment片盤斜井Starcase-likeAdit階梯平硐pumpstation泵站sumpn.水倉areadevelopment分區(qū)域開拓gasn.瓦斯Powerbeltconveyor強力皮帶機centerrise中央上山surroundingrock圍巖maintenancen.維護hydro-geologicalcondition水文地質(zhì)條件weatheredzone風(fēng)化帶foldn.褶皺faultn.?dāng)鄬覱utcropn.露頭ventilationresistance通風(fēng)阻力combineddevelopment綜合開拓Multiple-portalareadevelopment多井筒分區(qū)域開拓pitbottom井底車場mainhaulagecross-cut主運送石門mainhaulageroadway運送大巷districtbottomstation采區(qū)下部車場districtmiddlestation采區(qū)中部車場districttopstat(yī)ion采區(qū)上部車場districtcoalbunker采區(qū)煤倉districthaulagerise采區(qū)運送上山districttrackrise采區(qū)軌道上山mainreturnairway總回風(fēng)巷mainreturn-airroadway回風(fēng)大巷headentry區(qū)段運送平巷tailentry區(qū)段回風(fēng)平巷subleveldistricthaulagecrosscut區(qū)段運送石門subleveldistrictreturn-aircrosscut區(qū)段回風(fēng)石門stripn.分帶,條帶stripstrict帶區(qū)paneln.盤區(qū)工作面周邊地層:Overlyingstrat(yī)a上覆地層:Mainroof老頂,基本頂Immediateroof直接頂Gob采空區(qū)--Face—rib(煤壁)Floor底板Underlyingstrata下伏地層Groundcontrol頂板解決方式:(1)Caving;(2)Pack。Stable切口,機窩deadwork準(zhǔn)備工作,非生產(chǎn)性工作。Mobilebeltconveyor可移式膠帶運送機Noexception無一例外regularmaintenancen.平常修理,定期檢修D(zhuǎn)owntime停工期(由于損壞、修理等因素導(dǎo)致的停機時間),停工時間,停機時間Clearance空隙Immediateareaoftheface:工作面的直接區(qū)域Ribline煤壁線,腰線heading掘進頭,平巷uptodip沿傾斜上行Compressionstrength壓縮強度Underlyingstrata下伏地層bedseparat(yī)ion離層Onstrike沿走向Rad=radian,弧度Cleat解理Holdtrue有效,合用Halfbuttcutting半垂直切割Angleofat(yī)tack沖角virginconditions原始條件;Harderroofstrat(yī)aSoftercoalseam――uniformlydistributedstress,theoverburdenweightHarderfloorstratainducedbymining采動引起的Stressdistribution應(yīng)力分布Deflect偏斜,偏轉(zhuǎn),撓曲,下垂Cavein冒頂,垮落Frontabutmentpressure前方支承壓力Sideabutmentpressure側(cè)向支承壓力Rearabutmentpressure后方支承壓力前方支承壓力:分布范圍:150mfirstfelt/occur出現(xiàn),有反映,有感應(yīng);45-60mpickupslightly略有增長,略有加速;15-21mincreaserapidly迅速增長;1.5-5m支承壓力峰值peakabutmentpressuremagnitudeofthepeakabutmentpressure峰值大小:1.5-5overburdernweight后方壓力:verticalpressurefacearea:farbelowthecoverloadgobarea:graduallyincreaseatlast:thecoverload范圍:0.3-0.4theoverburdenthickness.NoabutmentpressureSideabutmentFirstfelt:Atthesametimeasthefrontabutmentpressure范圍:fromtheribto1/3or1/4hlargestattheribside,decreaseexponentiallywithdistancefromribpositionofpeakpressure:0.015hMagnitudedependonthethicknessandlengthoftheimmediateroofhanginginthegob.Gobarea采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定--slip,sag,separate--caveinFacearea工作面區(qū)SupporttheimmediateroofSolidcoal實體煤Face-to-gobdistance控頂距,工作面到采空區(qū)的距離。Yieldpressure屈服壓力supportresistance支架阻力Face-to-tipdistance端面距Precut預(yù)切割Frames節(jié)式支架Stroke行程Chocksupport垛式支架Double-actingram雙作用千斤頂Webcut截深Shields掩護式支架Doublelink雙鍵Lemniscate雙紐線,四聯(lián)桿Roofcanopy頂梁Chock-Shield支撐掩護式支架leg,prop立柱canopy頂梁forwardcanopy前梁rearcanopy尾梁cavingshield掩護梁flipper,spaulingshield護幫板slider,jackboard插板ram,cylinder,jack千斤頂hose油管emulsion乳化液valve閥supportyielding支架卸載miner,miningmachine采煤機continuousminer連續(xù)采煤機shearer滾筒采煤機motor電動機、馬達electricmotor電機haulagegearcase牽引部gearhead傳動部cutterdrumgearcase滾筒截割部bedplate底盤、底座controlunit控制裝置chain鏈條reducinggearbox減速箱pillboard擋煤板cowl擋煤板bit截齒drum滾筒ranging-arm搖臂gear齒輪track軌道geartrack齒軌gearcasen.齒輪箱Rotor轉(zhuǎn)子flexibleflightconveyor/facechainconveyor工作面可彎曲刮板輸送機maincomponents重要部件drivehead機頭部electricmotor電動機Hydrauliccoupling液力聯(lián)軸器speedreducer減速器chainwheel/sprocket鏈輪driveheadframe機頭架middlesections中間部linepan溜槽flight/scraper刮板linkchain刮板鏈endlesschain無極鏈機尾部tailend機尾架Driveendframe鏈輪sprocket附屬裝置auxiliarydrives/units擋煤板spillboard/spillplate(cowl罩,外殼)鏟煤板rampplate千斤頂jackchaindrive鏈?zhǔn)絺鲃?classificationaccordingtochainarrangement雙邊鏈doublestrandoutboardchain三鏈triplestrandchain單中鏈singlemiddlechain雙中鏈doublemiddlechain新型刮板輸送機側(cè)卸式side-loadingfightconveyor垂直轉(zhuǎn)彎式roller-curvefightconveyor轉(zhuǎn)載機TransferconveyorAshortheavyflexibleflightconveyor橋式轉(zhuǎn)載機(bridge)stageloader區(qū)段皮帶輸送機Maincomponents皮帶belt托輥roller支撐托輥supportingroller機架frame傳動裝置driveunit電動機electricmotor聯(lián)軸器coupling減速器speedreducer滾筒drum①卸載滾筒unloadeddrum②機尾導(dǎo)向滾筒tailguidedrum③拉緊滾筒take-updrum④機尾導(dǎo)向滾筒guidedrum拉緊裝置take-upunits制動裝置Brakingdevices采區(qū)運送系統(tǒng):上山rise下山dipDipangle≤15°beltconveyor15°<Dipangle≤25°chainconveyorDipangle>25°ceramicconveyor水平運送系統(tǒng)水平運送大巷horizontalhaulageentrybeltconveyor礦車trolleywagons機車locomotive電力機車trolleylocomotive蓄電池機車batterylocomotive礦車wagon固定箱式礦車FixedboxwagonTippingbucketwagonFrontunloadingwagon底卸式礦車Bottom-dumpwagon立井提高系統(tǒng)礦井提高系統(tǒng)Minehoistsystem提高機Enginehoist鋼絲繩wirerope天輪headsheave(n.滑輪)箕斗skip輔助運送auxiliarytransportationTransportationofmaterial,equipment,wasteandpersonnel材料、設(shè)備、矸石、人員副井AuxiliaryshaftSimilartomainshaft罐籠Cage――hoistcontainer斜井SlopeIntheslope,mat(yī)erialandequipmentareusuallytransportedbydirectropehoistandendlessropehoist.Whilethewasteistransportedbyskipandtrainaccordingtothedipangle.Thepersonnelaretransportedbyaspecialman-carintheslope.水平運送大巷horizontalhaulageentryElectriclocomotivehaulthewagonstotransportmaterial,equipment,waste.Electriclocomotivehaulthespecialman-carstotransportminers.采區(qū)上下山districtriseanddip1)有極繩提高Directropehoistdipangle:8-22鋼絲繩的一端與礦車相連,通過絞車(winch)放出和收回。2)無極繩提高Endlessropehoistdipangle:≤10區(qū)段運送Tailentry:wagons+wireropeOverheadmonorail單軌吊OverheadendlessropehoistTransferconveyor轉(zhuǎn)載運送機Stageloader橋式轉(zhuǎn)載機Rollercurveconveyor滾軸轉(zhuǎn)彎運送機風(fēng)機:Ventilat(yī)ionfan回風(fēng)井:Returnshaft進風(fēng)井:IntakeshaftWorkingfaceIntakeworking回風(fēng)巷道:Returnroadway新鮮風(fēng):FreshairAirflow乏風(fēng):Dirtyair回風(fēng)系統(tǒng):抽出式通風(fēng):Exhaustventilat(yī)ion負(fù)壓negativepressure壓入式通風(fēng):Forcedventilation正壓Positivepressure風(fēng)機類型:離心式風(fēng)機:Centrifugalfan;軸流式風(fēng)機:Axialflowfan。通風(fēng)設(shè)施:Ventilatingstructures風(fēng)墻:Ventilationwall風(fēng)門:Airdoor風(fēng)橋:AirbridgeAirregulat(yī)or防塵、滅塵:Dustsuppressionwaterspray灑水,mistspray噴霧固定滾筒雙向截割采煤機fixed-drumbi-directionalshearer單滾筒可調(diào)高采煤機single-drumranging-armshearer雙滾筒可調(diào)高采煤機double-dramranging-armshearer礦井瓦斯:minegas瓦斯:gas,methane,firedampAllhazardousgasesinundergroundcoalmines,itsmajorcomponentisCH4.Colorless,odorless,nonpoisonous,Combustible.Itsdensityislessthanthatoftheair,soitoftenaccumulatesneartheroof.Gas/methanecontrol瓦斯控制Gassymine高瓦斯礦井Twodistinctphasesofoperation:Firstroomsandpillarsaredevelopedinasection.Thesecondisminingpillars.Twobasicminingmethods:Conventionalminingmethod.普通采煤方法Cutting掏槽atthebottomofthecoalseamahorizontalslotis6-9inch,5-7feetdeepDrilling鉆眼theoptimumnumberandlocationofboreholescoalfragmentsafterblastingneithertoobignortoosmallforefficientloading.Blasting爆破explosivesareloadedintoeachboreholeanddetonatedn.起爆Loading裝煤shuttlecarsectionbeltconveyor.Twoshuttlecarsareused.roofbolting頂板錨桿支護為了充足發(fā)揮設(shè)備和人員的能力,至少同時掘進5個平行的巷道。由于生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)多、分散,逐漸被連續(xù)采煤方法取代。Continuousminingmethod.連續(xù)采煤方法Icontinuousminer+shuttlecar連續(xù)采煤機+梭車工藝+sectionbeltconveyor+roofbolting間斷運送工藝IIcontinuousminer+(intermediat(yī)e)conveyors連續(xù)采煤機+輸送機工藝+sectionbeltconveyor+roofbolting連續(xù)的運送工藝Pillarrecovery回收煤柱Therearethreemethodsofextractingpillars,open-endmethod,pocketandwingmethodandsplittingmethod.open-endmethod開端式pocketandwingmethod袋翼式splitting劈柱式pillarblockslifts/slices煤柱――塊――切塊Coalproperty煤礦Area盤區(qū)Setofentries巷道群Engineervt.設(shè)計Slough脫落,剝落,碎落;崩落,坍塌,滑坍Crush壓碎Afunctionof是…的函數(shù),隨…而變。Relativestrength相對強度Clearance凈空BlockofcoalRoomworkCuttingconsequence切割順序Faceminingcycle工作面開采循環(huán)Miningpractice開采Colloquial[kE5lEukwiEl]adj.口語的,通俗的Dictat(yī)e規(guī)定,制定Outline形成…輪廓Incorporate…as…Ample充足的,豐富的solidworkchainpillar巷道煤柱lessen減少,減輕lift小煤塊、slice切塊physicalconditionn.實際條件post柱子,支柱stump煤柱slab平板fender煤柱,窄煤柱handloading人工裝載commonpractice慣例concurrentlyn.同時發(fā)生地,并行地inplace就地,原地;在地層內(nèi)rideover騎馬來,跨在…上masonryn.磚石工程,磚石建筑砌筑。Masonrystopping砌筑風(fēng)墻Canvasstopping帆布風(fēng)簾LineBrat(yī)tice縱向風(fēng)障Loadingstation裝車點1Roadwaysection巷道斷面掘進drive,tunnel,excavate平巷掘進Drifting巷道掘進roadwayexcavation平巷掘進n.drifting沉井,鑿井n.sinking上山掘進n.raising下山掘進n.1)Theshapeofroadwaysection斷面形狀巷道斷面形狀重要取決于地層條件、服務(wù)年限和支護材料。Theshapeofroadwaysectiondependsmainlyonstrataconditions,theservinglifeandsupportingmaterials.井筒Shaft,circular大巷Mainentry,arched,horseshoe上山rise,ladder-shaped,trapezoidal順槽Gateway,ladder-shaped,trapezoidal2)Thesizeofroadwaysection斷面尺寸巷道斷面尺寸重要取決于巷道的用途。Thesizeofroadwaysectiondependsmainlyonitsuse.它取決于運送或提高設(shè)備或其它設(shè)備的尺寸,還要根據(jù)通風(fēng)規(guī)定對巷道斷面尺寸加以修改。Itisdependentonhaulageorhoistingequipmentorotherdevicesused,anditismodifiedaccordingtotheventilationrequirement.凈寬,netwidth;凈高netheight;凈斷面面積netsectionarea。2Roadwayexcavationinrocks巖巷掘進炮掘,爆破掘進:blastingexcavation裝巖,除渣:mucking掘進工藝涉及重要作業(yè)和輔助作業(yè),其中重要作業(yè)涉及破巖、裝巖、運送、支護,輔助作業(yè)涉及通風(fēng)、鋪設(shè)軌道、挖掘排水溝、鋪設(shè)管線等等。Theexcavationtechniqueconsistsofmainoperationsincludingbreaking,loading,haulageandsupport,andauxiliaryworkincludingventilation,layingthetrack,diggingditchesandlayingpipesetc.1)Breaking破巖打眼放炮是目前應(yīng)用最廣泛的破巖方法。Drillingandblastingisthemostwidelyusedmethodofrockbreakingat(yī)present.(1)drillingDrilln.鉆機氣動輕型鉆機,風(fēng)鉆Air-jackleg氣腿式鉆機Air-jacklegdrill架式鉆機Drifter鉆車,鑿巖臺車Jumbo,drillcarriage濕式鉆進Wetdrilling干式鉆進Drydrilling鉆孔borehole(2)Blasting爆破炸藥:Explosive裝藥:Loadexplosiveintheborehole,charge起爆:detonate雷管:detonator;電雷管:electricdetonator炮眼布置方式:drillingpat(yī)tern掏槽眼:cuthole輔助眼:auxiliaryhole周邊眼:trimhole頂眼:roofhole幫眼:flankhole底眼:Bottomhole起爆順序:firingsequenceCutauxiliaryroof&flankbottomThetypeofexplosiveused,rockproperties,andmethodofloadingandsequenceoffiringtheholes,affectholedepth,diameter,alignmentandspacing.采用的炸藥的類型、巖石的特性、裝巖方法、各個鉆孔的起爆順序,這些都影響著鉆孔深度、直徑、排列和間距的擬定。Ablastroundconsistsofcut,relief,breast,andtrimholes.一個爆破炮眼組涉及掏槽眼、輔助眼、壓眼和邊界眼。2)Excavationfaceventilation掘進面通風(fēng)Fan風(fēng)機Airpipe風(fēng)筒3)loadingandhaulage裝巖和運送鏟斗裝巖機Shovelmucker耙斗裝巖機Scrapermucker機車+礦車Locomotive+wagons4)support支護3Roadwayexcavationincoals煤巷掘進1)conventionalexcavat(yī)ionofcoaldrift傳統(tǒng)的煤層平巷掘進法Breakingisbymeansofdrillingandblasting.手持式電鉆:handheldelectricdrillloading:handloading人工裝煤scrapermucker:耙斗裝煤機coalloader:裝煤機扒抓,蟹抓2gat(yī)hering-arms刮板輸送機:1scraperconveyor2)綜掘fullymechanizedexcavation(1)gatewaymachine平巷掘進機組成:掘進頭,(boom)cutterhead,cuttinghead裝煤裝置:loadingmechanism扒抓,蟹抓gathering-arm刮板輸送機:scraperconveyorhaulage:皮帶輸送機:beltstage-loadermechanism履帶行走裝置:crawlertravelmechanism支撐千斤頂:supportingcylinders,用來固定機器othercylinders,controlcutterhead液控箱hydrauliccontrolbox操作:操作時,一方面驅(qū)動履帶行走裝置,使得切削頭碰到煤壁;然后,伸長導(dǎo)向千斤頂和后部千斤頂,支撐到巷道上;這樣就固定住了掘進機。然后,切割頭在掘進面底部的一側(cè)鉆入煤壁。操作水平擺動千斤頂,使切割頭割到底部的此外一側(cè),這就在掘進面底部完畢了一刀作業(yè)。操作升降千斤頂,使切割頭向上割一定距離(切割頭的直徑),然后用相同的方法再割第二刀。執(zhí)行這個循環(huán)作業(yè),直到割完整個斷面。平巷掘進機可以掘出任何形狀和尺寸的斷面,如圓形、馬蹄形、拱形和長方形。Gatewaymachinecanexcavateanysizeandshapeofcrosssection:

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