卓越英語綜合教程-第2冊-book2unit

Unit7Listening能夠聽懂有關旅游觀光的英語表達。Speaking學會與旅游觀光相關的英語表達，能夠進行相關話題的日常對話。ReadingIntensiveReading：本文講述了偏振光對野生動物的危害。通過學習本文，要使學生了解更多的環(huán)境污染的種類及危害，引導學生樹立正確的環(huán)保意識。

ExtensiveReading：本文介紹了全球變暖給蜘蛛帶來的變化，分析了這種變化產(chǎn)生的原因。教學過程中，可使學生查找全球變暖的相關資料，了解全球變暖的主要原因及危害。

AppliedReading：本文是一篇書評。通過學習本文，要求學生了解書評的概念、分類、框架結(jié)構(gòu)和語言特點。BasicWriting了解邀請函及回函的作用、分類，掌握其基本寫法和常用的英語表達。LanguageGuideGrammarFocus：掌握therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。WordBuilding：掌握常見的表示國籍、語種、數(shù)量、方位的形容詞后綴。

Objectives4SectionAListening1235SectionBSpeakingSectionCReadingSectionDPracticalWritingSectionELanguageGuideHighlightsSectionAListeningTopicIntroductionWarm-upActivitiesPronunciationGuideSentencesDialoguesPassage

假日里，沒有什么比去旅行更讓人激動的了。想好了要去的景點(scenicspot)，選擇好出行路線(tourroute)，就可以去旅行社(travelagency)加入旅行團(tourgroup)了；如果有車的話你還可以設計一個自駕游(self-drivetour)。在旅游旺季(peakseason)出行，最好提前訂好酒店。準備完畢，背上行囊，現(xiàn)在就出發(fā)！別忘了，帶上好心情。哦，當然還有信用卡!TopicIntroduction①TempleofArtemisatEphesus②GreatPyramidofGiza③HangingGardensofBabylon④Terra-CottaWarriors⑤ColossusofRhodes⑥MausoleumofHalicarnassus⑦LighthouseofAlexandria⑧StatueofZeusatOlympiaWarm-upActivitiesGroup1/f/and/h/

1.All

(/f/,/h/)havebeencanceledbecauseoffog.2.Mostthingshavetwo

(/f/,/h/).3.The

(/f/,/h/)ofourtourisseeingthepalace.4.Heisunfortunatewhocannotbear

(/f/,/h/).5.Thelakewas

(/f/,/h/)overuntillatespring.PronunciationGuide1.flights(/f/)2.handles(/h/)3.highlight(/h/)4.misfortune(/f/)5.frozen(/f/)Group2/s/and/?/1.ShyShellysayssheshallsew

(/s/,/?/).2.Fromalittle

(/s/,/?/)mayburstamightyflame.3.Sheepshouldn’tsleepina

(/s/,/?/).Sheepshouldsleepinashed.4.Hewassmartenoughto

(/s/,/?/)theopportunity.5.Whathedidwasa

(/s/,/?/)wasteoftime.1.sheets(/?/)2.spark(/s/)3.shack(/?/)4.seize(/s/)5.sheer(/?/)Group3

/v/and/w/1.Theriver

(/v/,/w/)downtothesea.2.Thisstarisnot

(/v/,/w/)tothenakedeye.3.Severebraindamageturnedhimintoa

(/v/,/w/).4.She’sa

(/v/,/w/)withcomputers.5.Nooneknowswhenthesocial

(/v/,/w/)belowmodernsocietywillerupt.1.winds(/w/)2.visibel(/v/)3.vegetable(/v/)4.wizard(/w/)

5.volcano(/v/)/f//h/,/s/

/?/,/v//w/的發(fā)音對比相同點：/f/,/h/,/s/,/?/,/v/都是摩擦輔音，發(fā)音時發(fā)音的器官形成狹窄的氣流通道，不完全阻塞，氣流逸出時摩擦或振動成音。不同點：/f//h/:/f/是唇齒音，氣流由唇齒間的縫隙中通過，摩擦發(fā)音；

/h/是聲門音，發(fā)音時聲門張開，氣流不受阻礙自由逸出口腔，只在通過聲門時產(chǎn)生輕微摩擦。

/s//?/:/s/是齒齦音，發(fā)音時舌尖靠近下齒齦；/?/是硬腭齒齦音，發(fā)音時舌尖和舌端靠近上齒齦較后部，舌身兩側(cè)抬起貼近上顎。

/v//w/:/v/的發(fā)音方法與/f/相同，只是聲帶振動；/w/是雙唇音、半元音，發(fā)音時舌后部向軟腭抬起，雙唇收得圓而小并向前突出。1.CanyoutellmethebestwaytogettoBird’sNest?C.TakebusNo.32.2.Willyougoinagroup?

A.No,Ipreferprivatetour.3.Anyseatpreferences?

B.Yes,I’dlikeawindowseat,please.4.Doyouhaveanyinformationaboutthescenicspotsinthiscity?C.Theyarereallyattractive.5.Whendoweboardtheplane?

C.At6:50am.SentencesDialoguesNewWordspack

vt.&vi.

收拾(行李)luggage

n.行李allowance

n.限額request

vt.

請求suitcase

n.手提箱disturb

vt.

打擾rucksack

n.背包Dialogue1W:I’vebeenlookingforyou.Whathaveyoubeendoing?M:Packing.WhatclothesshouldItake?W:It’shotinBeijingnow.Soyouneedn’ttaketheheavyclothes.ThoselightoneswillbeOK.Q:Whatisthemandoing?Dialogue2W:Roomservice,canIhelpyou?M:I’mgoingtoNewYorkearlytomorrowmorning.SoIwouldliketorequestanearlymorningcall.W:Noproblem.Atwhattimewouldyoulikeustocallyou?M:At6,please.Andbyphone,please.Idon’twanttodisturbmyneighbors.Q:Whatdoesthemanwantfortomorrowmorning?ScriptDialogue3W:It’ssohardtochoosewheretogofirstontoday’ssightseeingtrip!M:IreallywantedtomakesurethatIgotachancetogotothelocalbeach.W:Thatwouldbeafunbeginningtoourday.Wecouldwalkaroundthere.Q:Whatdothetwospeakersplantodotoday?Dialogue4M:Hello?Susan?W:Hello,Adam.IwanttodiscusssomeproblemsthatIamhavingwiththistour.M:Iamsorryyouarehavingadifficulttime.WhatmayIhelpyouwith?W:Thistourcompanydoesn’tseemtoknowthetownverywell.Wearealwaysgettinglost!Q:Whathashappenedtothewoman?Dialogue5M:Haveyougotanyluggagetocheck?W:Iwanttocheckthesethreepieces,twosuitcasesandarucksack.M:Isthatinsidethefreeallowance?W:It’sjustbelowthelimit.Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?1.B.Heispacking.2.A.Amorningcall.3.D.Gosightseeing.4.D.Shehadabadtour.5.A.Atanairport.1.lightones2.byphone3.gotachance4.havingadifficulttime5.checkAnswersPassageNewWordsoutline

vt.概述interest

n.利益monitor

vt.監(jiān)視contract

n.

合同infringe

vt.&vi.

侵犯association

n.

協(xié)會inappropriately

adv.

不適當?shù)豠dministration

n.管理部門evidence

n.證據(jù)

Asmorepeoplechoosetotravel,thebreakingoflegalrightsoftenoccurs.Hereweoutlinethesituationsofcomplaintstohelpyouwhenyouneedhelp.Generallyspeaking,you,asatourist,cansubmitacomplaint:ifyouthinkyourtravelagencyhasfailedtoofferyouappropriateservice;ifyouthinkyourtravelagencydidnotcarryouttheagreedcontract;ifyouthinkyourtravelagencyhascausedbodilyinjuryorpropertydamage;ifyourtourguideordriverinappropriatelyasksfortipsorforcesyoutogivetips;ifyouthinkthatyourinterestshavebeeninfringeduponduringyourtravels.YoucancomplaindirectlytotheNationalTourismAdministrationortotheQualityMonitoringAdministrationinyourlocation.Certainly,youcanalsocomplaintothelocalConsumers’Association.Youmustgiveenoughevidenceforyourcomplaint.Inotherwords,youshouldpresentthetravelcontracts,thereceipts,etc.That’sthekeytoasuccessfulcomplaint.Script1.Whenandhowtosubmitcomplaintsduringtours.2.Three.1.T

2.F

3.F1.legalrights2.submitacomplaint,contracts,thekeyAnswersSectionBSpeaking

SituationalDialogues

HumorousStoryEasyLearningSituationalDialoguesitineraryn.行程open(tosth.)未決定的temperateadj.氣候溫和的bonus

n.獎金makeupone’smind作出決定destinationn.目的地narrowsth.down縮小范圍NewWordsandPhrasesDialogue1Notes1.Iamopentosuggestionsatthispoint.在這一點上我愿意接受建議。2.Anicetemperateclimatewouldbebestforme.最好是溫和、宜人的氣候。Activities(C=clerk,E=Eric)C:Goodafternoon.WhatcanIdoforyou?E:Afternoon.I’dliketocreateatravelitinerary.C:Wherewouldyouliketogo,sir?E:Ihavenoidea.Iamopentosuggestionsatthispoint.C:Doyouenjoywarmweather,orareyoulookingforwardtoacoolervacation?E:Acoolerplacewouldbebestforme.Ilikeskiing.Whichplacedoyoumend?C:Er,howmuchmoneyisinyourbudgetforthistrip?E:Ihavejustwonfirstprizeinalotteryandplantospend20000yuanintraveling.C:Then,whydon’tyoutakealookatthesebrochuresthatmighthelpyoumakeupyourmind?Thesetripsareverypopularandtheticketsarealmostsoldout.E:Theselookgreat!C:Takeyourtimechoosingadestinationand,whenyou’venarroweditdown,I’llbehappytohelpyoumakeareservation.fascinatingadj.迷人的diverseadj.多種多樣的removevt.脫去tranquilityn.安靜meditatevi.冥想scarf

n.圍巾，頭巾veil

n.面紗curry

n.咖喱燒菜NewWordsandPhrasesDialogue2Notes

Itisexpectedthatpeoplekeeptheirvoicesdownoutofrespectforthosewhoaremeditating.出于對冥想者的尊重，人們通常要低聲說話。(B=Becky,A=Aaron)B:Whatdoyouthinkofthecity?A:Ah,Ilovethiscity!I’venevertraveledtoaplacemorebeautifulthanit.B:Yes,itisreallyafascinatingcity!Youcanneverimaginetherearesomanybeautifulscenicspotsinasinglecity.A:Anditisquiteancientwithadiversepast.Thepagodainthetemplewesawjustnowisthousandsofyearsold,whichwasbuiltduringtheThreeKingdomsPeriod.B:Theremustbeabeautifullegendaboutit.A:Yeah.Nearlyeveryscenicspothasalegend.B:Suchas?A:TheSwordTestingStone,forexample.B:Goon,please.Ilikelegends,youknow.A:OK.LegendhasitthatinSpringandAutumnPeriod,GanJiangwasorderedbythekingtomakeaswordsharperthananyother.However,hecouldnotproducetheswordwhenthedeadlineapproached,sohiswifejumpedintothefurnace,inwhich,whenitcooleddown,Ganfoundapairofperfectswords.GanJiangnamedoneafterhimselfandtheotherafterhiswife.Hegavethelatterswordtotheking,whotesteditonthestoneandsplitit.B:Aha!It’sareallegend,beautiful,sadandimpressive.ActivitiesHumorousStoryActivitiesI.1.WhatbothersSwissmountainguideswhoalwaysdothesametourroutes?

Answeringthesamequestionsoverandover.2.DidtheguidegiverightanswerstotheEnglishtourist’squestions?

No,hedidn’t.TournearGlaciersActivitiesII.Keywords:

mountainguide,sametrail,gettiredof,samequestion,Englishtourist,sillyquestion,valley,rocks,bringdown,aglacier,peerupthemountain,goback,morerocksSuggestedanswer:SomeSwissmountainguidesalwaysdothesametrailsandtheyhateansweringthesamequestionsagainandagain.OnetimeanEnglishtouristwasannoyinghisguidewithreallysillyquestions.Theywerewalkingthroughamountainvalleyandthetouristaskedhowtherockshadgottothemountainvalley.Theguidetoldhimthattheyhadbeenbroughtdownbyaglacier.Butthetouristquestionedwhyhecouldn’tseeanyglacier.Then,theguidereplied,“Oh,really?Ithinkithasgonebackformorerocks.”①beingconsidered②moderneconomics③bargainingproblem④have⑤havethoughtof⑥abigday⑦thatage⑧thecase⑨t(yī)hisnature⑩adietofEasyLearning

【情景】ThomasKing告知Nash他被考慮成為諾貝爾獎

候選人，Nash坦然相告自己目前的精神狀態(tài)。ABeautifulMind(excerpts)

SectionCReadingIntensiveReadingExtensiveReadingAppliedReadingIntensiveReadingExercisesWarm-upExercises

TextVocabularyWarm-upExercisesI.①neonlamp

②signallamp

③fluorescentlamp

④safetylamp⑤oillamp⑥r(nóng)eadinglamp⑦streetlamp⑧l(xiāng)anternTheUnbearableLightnessforBeings

Anenvironmentalstudyreportsthatpolarizedlightfromsurfaces,suchasasphaltandglassbuildings,isadverselyaffectingwildlifebehavior.Whethernaturalorartificial,wedon’tblinktwicewhenwe’reinthepresenceoflight.Buttowildlife,thetypesoflight,especiallyinurbanareas,matteralot.It’swelldocumentedthatartificiallight,whichoccursatnight,hasadverseeffectsonwildlife.AteamofinternationalresearchersaddedtothatlistinFrontiersinEcologyandtheEnvironment,reportingthatpolarizedlightwascausingspeciestochangetheirbehaviorinpotentiallydangerousways.VocabularyStructureNotesText

Occurringanytimeofday,polarizedlighthaslightwavesinwhichvibrationsoccuronasingleplane.Somewildlife,suchasbirds,insectsandreptiles,hashighlydevelopedpolarizationvisionandusesittodetectwater—aprimarysourceofnaturally-occurringhorizontalpolarizedlightbecauseofitssmoothflatsurface.However,asphalt,carsandglasswindowsareamongmanyurbanmaterialswithshinysurfacesthatcreateartificialpolarizedlight,andhaveledwildlifetobelievetheirsurfacesarebodiesofwater.Forinstance,babyseaturtles,whichrelyonstarlightandmoonlightreflectedoffthesurfaceofwater,havebeenfoundtoheadtowardsbrighterbuildingsandstreetlampsinurbanizedareasinstead.Likewise,researchersfoundstonefliesamongotherinsectsnestingonasphaltinsteadofwater.VocabularyStructureNotesResearchersalsoreportedthatpolarizedlightpollution(PLP)coulddisruptentirefoodwebsandmarinelife.Theypointedoutthatturtlesfrequentlyingestplastic,especiallytransparentplasticbags,becausetheyconfusethepolarizedlightfromthemasthatfromprey.Theteammendedthatalternativebuildingmaterialsbeusedtoeasetheproblem,amongothersolutions.Onaslightlypositivenote,theteamnotedthatconservationistscouldtakeadvantageofpolarizedlight,forexample,towardoffinsectspeciesthatdestroytrees.VocabularyStructureNotesPartParagraphMainIdea1Para.1~Para.2Polarizedlighthasadverseeffectsonwildlife.2Para.3~Para.5Itintroduceswhyandhowwildlifeisadverselyaffectedbypolarizedlight.3Para.6Theproblempolarizedlighthascausedcanbeeasedandpolarizedlightcanbemadeuseof.StructureTextVocabularyNotesunbearable

adj.難耐的，無法忍受的

bearableadj.可忍受的，能應付的lightness

n.明亮,光亮度；愉快，輕松polarize

vt.使(光波等)偏振vt.&vi.(使)兩極化，截然對立

polarizationn.

(光的)偏振；兩極化，截然對立

polarityn.(兩種傾向、意見等的)截然對立，兩極化asphalt

n.瀝青，柏油affect

vt.

影響；(疾病)侵襲，感染；(感情上)深深打動

affectionn.喜愛，鐘愛wildlife

n.

野生動物，野生生物artificialadj.

假肢

artificialintelligence

人工智能blinkvt.&vi.

眨眼睛

vi.

閃爍

blinkn.

眨眼睛

intheblinkofaneye

眨眼的功夫，很快TextStructureNotesVocabularyNewWords

TextStructureNotespresence

n.

存在，出現(xiàn)；在場，出席

makeyourpresencefelt

突顯自己，對(人群或局勢)發(fā)揮作用document

vt.

用文件證明(或證實)；記錄,記載

n.

文件，文獻

documentedevidence

有文件證明的證據(jù)

documentaryn.

記錄影片occur

vi.

發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；存在于，出現(xiàn)在

occurrencen.

發(fā)生的事情，存在的事物；發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，存在adverse

adj.

不利的，有害的，反面的

adversityn.

逆境，困境effect

n.

影響，效應，結(jié)果

vt.

使發(fā)生，實現(xiàn)，引起

haveaneffecton

對……有影響frontier

n.(學科或活動的)尖端，邊緣；國界，邊境ecology

n.

生態(tài)學，生態(tài)

ecologicaladj.

生態(tài)學的，生態(tài)的

ecologistn.

生態(tài)學家；生態(tài)保護論者species

n.

物種，種TextStructureNotesvibration

n.

震動，顫動

vibratevt.&vi.(使)振動plane

n.

平面

adj.

平的，平坦的insect

n.

昆蟲reptile

n.

爬行動物

reptilianadj.

爬行動物的highly

adv.

高標準地，高級地；非常，很

thinkhighlyof...

對……評價很高

speakhighlyofsb.

對某人高度贊揚sourcen.

來源，出處；信息來源

atsource

在源頭，從一開始horizontal

adj.

水平的，與地面平行的

n.

橫線，水平線

horizonn.

地平線material

n.

材料，原料

adj.

物質(zhì)的

materialismn.

實利主義，物質(zhì)主義；唯物主義

materialisticadj.

物質(zhì)享樂主義的；貪圖享樂的TextStructureNotesinstance

n.

例子，事例turtle

n.

龜，鱉rely

vi.

依靠，依賴；信任，信賴

relyon/upon

依靠，依賴；信任，信賴starlightn.

星光moonlight

n.

月光urbanizedadj.

城市化的；生活于城市的

urbanizationn.

城市化likewise

adv.

同樣地，類似地；亦，也stonefly

n.

石蠅nest

vi.

筑巢，巢居

n.

鳥巢；窩pollution

n.

污染；污染物，垃圾

pollutevt.

污染，弄臟marine

adj.

海的，海產(chǎn)的

marinelife

海洋生物ingest

vt.

攝入，食入，咽下

ingestionn.

攝入TextStructureNotestransparentadj.透明的；易識破的，顯而易見的transparencyn.透明，透明性；顯而易見，一目了然confusevt.(將……)混淆；使糊涂，使迷惑confuse...and/with...(將……)混淆confusedadj.不清楚的，混亂的；糊涂的，迷惑的confusingadj.難以理解的confusionn.不確定，困惑；混淆preyn.獵物；受害者mendvt.建議，勸告；推薦mendsb.todosth./menddoingsth.建議某人做某事/建議做某事mend...to...把……推薦給……mendationn.提議；推薦，介紹；推薦信alternativeadj.可供替代的n.可供選擇的事物easevt.&vi.(使)緩解，減輕，寬慰n.容易，不費勁easeoff減輕，放松at(one’s)ease舒適，自由自在TextStructureNotessolution

n.

解決辦法，處理手段

asolutionto

……的解決方法slightly

adv.

稍微，略微positiveadj.

積極樂觀的；有助益的，正面的conservationist

n.

自然環(huán)境保護主義者destroyvt.

破壞，摧毀，毀滅inthepresenceof

存在……的情況下；在……面前，有……在場pointout(tosomebody)(向某人)指出；指(給某人)看takeadvantageof

利用；欺騙，占……的便宜wardoff

防止，避免(危險，疾病，攻擊等)TextStructureNotes

PhrasesandExpressionsNotes

1.Whethernaturalorartifcial,wedon’tblinktwicewhenwe’reinthepresenceoflight.無論在自然光線還是人造光線下，我們的視覺系統(tǒng)都不受影響。

whethernaturalorartificial為whether引導的讓步狀語從句，whether后省略了it(指代句中的light)is。狀語從句中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象。如果從句主語與主句主語一致或是it，且謂語動詞為be時，則從句的主語和系動詞常省略。

e.g.1)When(wateris)pure,waterisacolorlessliquid.水清時，是無色的液體。

2)If(itis)necessary,theywerereadytodiefortheircountry.必要時，他們愿為國捐軀。TextStructureVocabularyNotes

2.Theteammendedthatalternativebuildingmaterialsbeusedtoeasetheproblem,amongothersolutions.研究人員建議，在所有解決方案中，首先應該考慮使用其他建筑材料來緩解這個問題。mend在句中意為“建議”，其后的賓語從句使用了虛擬語氣。在表示建議、命令、要求等語氣的動詞引導的賓語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，具體結(jié)構(gòu)為“should+動詞原形”，should可省略。常見的此類動詞有advice,mend,suggest,order,require,demand,request,insist等。e.g.1)Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.我建議下周召開個會議。2)Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.他堅決要求被派到那兒去。TextStructureVocabularyReadingComprehension①adverseeffects②dangerous③flatsurface④detect⑤urbanmaterials⑥brighterbuildings⑦easetheproblem⑧takeadvantageofT、F、F、F、T、FIII.1.Somewildlifehashighlydevelopedpolarizationvisionandusesittodetectobject,suchaswaterorprey.However,polarizedlightcausedbymaterialswithshinysurfaceshasledwildlifetobelievethatthesematerialsaretheirobjects.2.Weshouldusealternativebuildingmaterialstoeasetheproblemithascausedandtakeadvantageofit,forexample,towardoffinsectspeciesthatdestroytrees.Exerciseseffect效應，影響，結(jié)果：名詞，指因某種行為、原因直接產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。有時可用作動詞，但不表示“影響”，而表示“實現(xiàn)”或“使產(chǎn)生”等。e.g.1)Themedicinehasnoeffectatall.2)Thesedevelopmentshaveeffectedaradicalchangeinsociallife.affect影響：動詞，主要指一時的影響；可指一般意義的影響(不分好壞)，也可指不良影響。e.g.1)Thetaxincreaseshaveaffectedusall.2)Agatheringofbadmoodandfeelingswillaffectourhealth.influence影響，作用：動詞或名詞，主要指對行為、性格、觀點等產(chǎn)生間接的或潛移默化的影響。e.g.1)Don’tletmeinfluenceyourdecision.2)Listeningtothemusichasagreatinfluenceonher.VocabularyPractice1.influence2.effect3.influenced4.effect5.affect6.effected7.affected8.effectedII.1.source2.detect3.alternative4.occurred5.artificial6.positivc7.planes8.adverseIII.1.

inthepresenceof2.pointout3.tookadvantageof4.forinstance5.relyon6.wardoffExercisesI.1.Itisdocumentedthatthisplaceusedtobeanancientcity.2.IalwaysconfuseJohnwithhisbrotherbecausetheyareverymuchalike.3.Imendthatyouthinkverycarefullybeforeyoumakeanydecision.4.Igavehimapilltoeasethepain.5.Theyarelookingforasolutiontotheproblem.II.1.D2.B3.B4.ATranslationTrainingPartParagraphMainIdea1Para.1~Para.3Scientistsfoundthatglobalwarmingcouldleadtobiggerandpossiblymorespidersthroughresearch.2Para.4ItseemsthatwarmertemperaturesmakefemalesofPardosaglacialisemuchbiggerthanmales.3Para.5~Para.7Itintroducesthepossiblereasonswhywarmingseemstobemakingspidersbiggerandtheeffectsthattheselargerspiderswillbring.ExtensiveReadingStructure

SpidersGettingBigger:GlobalWarmingtoBlame?Exercises1.

D2.B3.A4.C5.DAppliedReadingNotes

1.It’sawake-upcalldesignedtoinspireustothinkaboutthepathwe’reonandquestionwhetherwearebeingtruetoourcalling.它是對覺醒的呼喚，激勵我們?nèi)ニ妓魑覀冋谧叩穆?，去反問自己是否忠實于自己的使命?/p>

2.Iwouldhavebeenmoresatisfiedwiththestoryifhis“treasure”wasalifeoflove,adventureandampleprosperity—alifelivedwellratherthanalifelivedlavishly.如果他找到的“財寶”是充滿愛、奇遇和成功的生活——很有價值和意義的一生，而非奢華富有的一生，那么我會更加喜歡這個故事。BookReviewonTheAlchemistExercises1.

In1988.2.BecausehewantstogototheEgyptianpyramidstolookfortreasure.3.AnEnglishmanonaquestforthesecretsofalchemy.4.Becausetheobstaclestheyfacemakethemstopthepursuitoftheirdreams.5.Three.SectionDPracticalWritingLettersofInvitation&ReplyLettersofInvitation&Reply

邀請函和回函是社會交往中常見的通信形式，主要用于日常交往、商務活動和外事活動中，可分為正式和非正式兩種。正式邀請函一般用于正式的、大型的社交活動中，如重要會議、正式晚宴等。非正式的邀請函主要用于非正式的社交場合，如請朋友吃飯、看電影等。

一、邀請函及回函的基本內(nèi)容

邀請函和回函與其他信函一樣，通常由信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾禮詞和簽名等幾部分組成。其中，在非正式的邀請函和回函中，信內(nèi)地址經(jīng)常省略。邀請函邀請函需說明邀請的原因和活動的時間、地點及安排等；邀請函的語言要簡短而熱情。

(1)活動時間必須全面準確，包括具體日期(年份可不寫)、星期和時間。

(2)活動地點通常只需寫明具體場所而無需寫具體地址。

(3)邀請函可根據(jù)具體情況做附帶說明，如活動目的、服裝要求等?；睾睾譃榻邮苎埖幕睾椭x絕邀請的回函。回函中應明確表明接受邀請還是不接受邀請，不能含糊其辭，語言要簡短而誠懇。

二、邀請函及回函的基本格式

邀請函的格式與其他信函一致。回函的格式一般要與收到的邀請函的格式一致，即正式的邀請函要采用正式的回函，非正式的邀請函則采用非正式的回函。此外，部分正式邀請函還可采用請柬的形式，如邀請參加宴會、招待會、活動的開幕式和閉幕式等。

請柬式回函范例：Mr.andMrs.BillJohnsonacceptwithpleasureMr.andMrs.JoeSmith’skindinvitationfordinnerat6:00pmonSaturday,JulythetwentiethatHeavenlyPondHotel

三、邀請函及回函中的常用表達

發(fā)出邀請

接受邀請

拒絕邀請

I.

June23,2010DearMr.Lee,Wewouldliketoinviteyoutoanexclusivepresentationofournewmobilephone.ThepresentationwillstartatMingzhuHotel,at8:08amonAugust8.Weareplanningachampagnebreakfast.Dresswillbeinformalbusinesswear.WillyoupleasenotifyusbeforeAugust6whetherwecanexpectyou?Yourstruly,HelenCarterMarketingManagerExercisesII.1.Accepttheinvitation:December21,2010DearEmma,

ItisverykindofyoutoinvitemetotheChristmasparty.IamdelightedtoaccepttheinvitationandIwillbethereonDecember24at7pm.

It’sdelightfultoseeouruniversityclassmatesagain.Iwillexpectthatdayfromnowon.

Yours,

Jessica2.Declinetheinvitation:December21,2010DearEmma,

ManythanksforyourkindinvitationtometotheChristmaspartyonDecember24at7:30pm.However,unfortunately,IwillhaveajourneytoBeijingonDecember22andwillbethereforaboutoneweek.Therefore,Iamunabletoattendtheparty,muchasIwouldhavelikedtodoso.

Ihopetherewillbeanotheropportunityinthenearfuturetomeetyouandtheotherclassmates.Hopeyou’llhaveagoodtimeattheparty!

Yours,

JessicaSectionELanguageGuideGrammarFocusWordBuildingThefollowingaresentenceswith“therebe”structure.Comparetheformsoftheverb“be”andfndouttheirdifferences.Therewerethreestudentsintheclassroomthen.Therehasneverbeenanybodylikeyou.Therebeingnomorefoodandwater,thethreetouristswereindanger.Idon’twanttheretobeanymisunderstandingbetweenus.FindingFeaturesGrammarFocus“Therebe”StructureKnowingtheGrammar

therebe結(jié)構(gòu)是表示存在的基本句型，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“therebe+名詞+其他”。該結(jié)構(gòu)是倒裝句的一種，be是謂語動詞，主語是be動詞后面的名詞，there是引導詞，無實際含義。一、therebe句型的時態(tài)

therebe句型沒有語態(tài)變化，但有時態(tài)的變化，常用的時態(tài)形式有一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時等。二、therebe句型的用法

(1)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的基本用法表示“在某地或某時存在某人、某物或某事”。

(2)動詞be應與后面的名詞主語保持數(shù)的一致，如果幾個并列名詞做主語時，動詞be應與最近的名詞保持數(shù)的一致。

(3)動詞be前可用半助動詞，如beaboutto,becertainto,begoingto,belikelyto,hadbetter,haveto,usedto,appear/seem/happento等，或與各種情態(tài)動詞連用(表示推測)。

(4)除be之外,某些表示存在概念的不及物動詞也可以用于這種句型，如come,develop,exist,fall,follow,flash,happen,lie,live,occur,remain,rise,stand等。這些動詞可以有時態(tài)變化，及物動詞還可以有語態(tài)變化。

(5)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語動詞形式有theretobe和therebeing兩種形式，在句中可做主語、賓語和狀語。

1.therebe句型中主語的修飾詞

在therebe句型中，做主語的名詞常是非確定特指，故一般不用this,that,these,those等指示限定詞修飾，而用不定冠詞、基數(shù)詞、量詞、不定限定詞等表示非確定意義的限定詞修飾。

2.there