2023年6月大學(xué)英語六級真題第一套試卷及答案

2023年6月大學(xué)英語六級真題試卷及答案(一)PartIWriｔing(3０ｍinｕｔes)(請于正式開考后半小時內(nèi)完畢該部分，之后將進行聽力考試)Directionｓ:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveaｄviｃeｏnwhetｈeｒｔoatteｎdａvocａt(yī)ionalｃolｌeｇeorauniｖeｒsity,ｗｒiteａｎessaｙtｏｓtatｅyouroｐｉniｏn.Ｙouarereｑｕｉrｅｄtowriteaｔleaｓt150woｒｄsｂuｔnomoreｔhan2０0worｄs．【參考范文】WｈeｔherｔoAｔtenｄaVocatｉoｎａlCollｅgeoraUniveｒsｉty?Ｉt’ｓanunｄｉｓputａｂｌetruｔhtｈatvirtualｌyalｌhiｇｈsｃhoolgraduatesｗillencｏｕnterｔheｃｈoｉｃｅｓbetｗｅenavocatioｎａlｃｏｌlegeａｎｄaunivｅrsity.Andｗhｅnitｃｏmeｓｔothisｑueｓｔｉｏn,studｅｎts’ｉdｅasａrenotcutfｒｏｍthｅsameclｏtｈ.Ｉnpointofwｈichtｏｃhooｓeanｄwｈattoｂetakeninｔocoｎsidｅration,myadviｃesarｅasfｏllｏw.Inｔhefirstplace,ｗesｈouｌdbeconｓｃｉousofthefａctthatｂothofthetwochoｉceshaveｉtsowｎｓｕperioriｔies．Foｒinsｔanｃｅ,ａｖocationａlcollegespｅciａｌizｅsinｃｕltiｖatinｇhuｍanresouｒcesｗｉthpracｔicaｌcapaｂｉｌｉｔiｅs;ｗｈileaｕnｉvｅrｓｉtyｓerveｓaｓtｈecrａdlｅofacaｄｅｍｉcresｅarchersｉndifferｅnｔfｉeldｓ.Tｈｅnitdoesfolloｗthａｔhiｇhsｃｈooｌgrａｄuatesshｏｕldhaveaclearpｉctureoftheｍｓelves.Tｈatiｓtoｓay,theｙsｈoulｄknｏwtｈeirmeritsanddemerｉtsａnｄthｅｉrchoｉｃeｓｍustgiveplayｔotheiｒstrengthｓwhilｓtｃircumvenｔweaknesses.Inaｄdition,inteｒestｉsthｅbestteａchｅraｎｄiｔ’saｌsotheｐremiｓeｏflearningoｎoｎｅ’ｓownｉnitiative.Tｈuｓinｔeresｔmustbetaｋenｉntｏaｃcountbecａusｅiｔcanｎotoｎlｙｄecｉdｅhoｗfaｒonecａｎｒeaｃhａcademiｃalｌｙanｄpｒofｅssionalｌybutalsｏhowhappｙandｆｕlｆilｌedｏnewillbe．Ｉnbｒｉｅf,allａbovejｕstgoesｔoshｏwｔhatｔhｅｒerealｌyisnooｎe-size－fiｔs－ａlｌansweｒforthequeｓｔion．Ｔhｅkeylｉesｉnacleaｒcogｎitｉｏn,aｃcｕｒatesｅlｆ-posｉtioｎinganｄthｅｉntｅresｔofｏnesｅlf.Ｏｎlyｔhencanｅveryoｎｅfindaｒightpaththａｔｗorksbeｓtforｕs．PａrtIIＬiｓｔｅniｎｇＣｏmｐrehensioｎ(30minutｅs）SｅｃｔiｏnＡDｉrectｉｏns:Iｎtｈｉsｓeｃtioｎ,youwｉｌｌheaｒｔwｏlongconversaｔioｎs.Aｔtheｅndｏｆeacｈcoｎｖersaｔioｎ,youwiｌlｈeａｒfourｑuestions.Boｔｈtheconversａt(yī)ionandtheqｕestioｎswillｂespokｅnonlyonce.Afteryoｕhｅarａｑuestion,yｏumustcｈｏosethｅｂesｔａnswerfrｏｍtｈｅｆoｕrchoｉcｅsｍａrｋedA）,B),Ｃ)andD）.ＴheｎmarkthecorreｓpｏｎdiｎｇｌetteroｎA(yù)ｎｓwerSheet1wｉtｈasinglelinethｒouｇhthecenｔre.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。Qｕesｔions1ｔo４arebaseｄontｈecｏnvｅｒsａt(yī)ｉｏnyouhavｅjuｓtheaｒd.１．Ａ）Hewoｕldfeelinsｕｌted.?B)Hewouldｆeeｌｖｅrｙsaｄ．C）Hewoｕldbeｅｍbarrassed.?D)Hｅwouldbedisaｐpoｉｎｔｅd.2．A)Theｙａrewoｒthyofaprize.?B）Theyaｒeｏｆliｔｔｌeｖalue．C)Ｔheymａkeｇoodreａｄinｇ.?D)Theyｎｅedimpｒovement.A)Hｅｓelｄomwritesaｂooksｔｒaigｈttｈrougｈ.?Ｂ)Hewrｉｔessｅveralboｏkssimｕltaneously.C)Heｄｒaｗsonhisｒeaｌ-lifeｅｘpｅrieｎces． D)Heofｔｅntuｒnstｏhiｓwiｆeｆｏｒhｅlp．４. A）Wriｔingａbookisjustlikeｗatｃhingafootballmaｔch.B）Wｒitersａctｕallywｏrkeverybｉtashardasfooｔｂａlleｒs.C)Heｌikesｗatｃhｉngafooｔballmａt(yī)cｈafterfinｉshingａｂook.D)Unlｉkeaｆootballｍatcｈ,thｅreisnoenｄtowrｉtinｇabook．Queｓｔiｏnｓ5to8arebasedonthｅｃonveｒsationyouhａｖｅjustheard.5.A)Achieveｍenｔsofblacｋmａlｅathleｔｅsincollege.Ｂ）Finaｎcialassistancetoblａckathlｅtesincollege.C）Highcollegedropouｔrａt(yī)ｅsamongblackathleｔeｓ．D)Uｎdergraduateenrollmｅｎtsｏfbｌaｃkａt(yī)hleteｓ.6.A）Thｅｙdispｌaygｒｅaｔtalｅntｉneｖeｒykindoｆgame.B）Thｅｙarebetｔeratsportｓthanatacademｉcwｏｒk．C)Theyhavedｉfｆicultyfｉｎdingmonｅytｏcoｍpletｅtheｉｒsｔudies．D)Ｔhｅymaｋemoneｙforｔhｅcｏlｌeｇeｂutoftｅnｆaｉlｔoearnａｄegree．7.Ａ)Ａbｏuｔ15%.?B)Arｏuｎd40%．Ｃ）Sligｈtlyovｅｒ50%. D)Appｒoximａt(yī)ely7０%.8.A）Cｏacheslackthｅｉｎcenｔiｖeｔｏgradｕａｔeｔhem.?Ｂ)Ｃolｌegeｄegreeｓｄonｏｔcoｕntmucｈtothｅm．C）Theyhａｖｅｌittleｉnterｅstinａcademicwoｒk.?D)Ｓchｏｏlsｄｏｎｏtｄeemｉｔaseriouｓprobｌem.SeｃｔioｎＢDｉreｃtionｓ:Inthissecｔion,yoｕｗｉllheartwopassageｓ.Ａｔthｅendofｅachpasｓage,ｙouwilｌhｅarthｒｅeorfｏurqｕesｔions.Ｂoththepaｓｓaｇｅandtｈｅquｅsｔiｏｎswｉllbesｐｏｋenonlyonce.Afｔeｒyoｕheaｒaqueｓtｉon，yoｕmuｓtchoｏseｔheｂestansweｒfromthｅｆoｕrcｈoicesｍarkedA）,B),C）anｄD).ThenmarkthｅcorrespondｉngｌｅtteronAnsweｒSｈeｅｔ１wｉｔｈasｉngleｌinetｈroughthｅcentｒe.Ｑuesｔｉoｎs９to12aｒｅbaｓedontｈepassａｇeyouhaｖejusｔheaｒd.9. A)Mａrｋetingｓtｒatｅgiｅs．B)Ｈｏlidaｙshoppｉng.C）Shoppiｎgmalls.D)Ｏｎliｎesｔores.A)Ａbout5０%ofholidａyｓhoppers.B)Aｂｏut２０-30%ofｈolidａyshopｐers.C）Abｏｕｔ136million.D）About18３．8miｌｌion.?1１.?A)Ｔheｙhaｖｅfewerｃｕsｔomｅrs.B)Theyfiｎdithaｒdtoｓurｖive.C)Thｅyarethriｖiｎｇoncｅｍorｅ.D)Thｅyａpｐeａltoｅlderlycustomｅrs．

12. A)ＢetteｒqｕａliｔｙofｃoｎsumeｒgoｏdｓB)Highｅremｐｌoymentanｄwagｅs.C)Ｇreaterｖarietiｅｓoｆcoｍmodities．Ｄ）Ｐeｏｐlehaｖｉngｍｏreleisｕreｔiｍe.?Qｕestions13ｔo15arｅbasｅdontｈepａssageｙouhavejusｔheａrｄ．A)Tｈeyaｒenewspｅcieｓｏfbiginｓecｔs.Ｂ）Thｅyareoｖerprｅsｃｒiｂｅｄａntibiｏｔics．C)Ｔheyarelｉfe-thrｅateｎｉｎgｄiseaｓeｓ.D）Ｔheyarｅａntibiotic-ｒeｓistantbacteriａ．A)Ａｎtibiotiｃｓarenowｉnｓhｏrtsuｐply.B)Manｙｉnfectionｓarenoloｎgerｃｕrablｅ.C)Largeamounｔsoftaxmｏｎeyａreｗasted．Ｄ)Roｕtｉneoｐerａt(yī)iｏnshaｖebeｃoｍｅcｏmpleｘ.１5． A）Fａciｌｉtieｓ.B)Ｅｘpｅrtisｅ.Ｃ)Moｎey.D)Ｐｕｂｌicｉty.SeｃtionCDirectioｎs:Iｎthｉssection,yｏuwｉllhｅarthrｅereｃordiｎgsoflｅｃtureｓorｔａlksfollowｅｄbythｒeeorfourｑｕestｉｏns.Therecordingsｗｉllbeｐlayeｄonlｙonce.Ａftｅｒyouheaｒaquｅｓｔioｎ，yｏumusｔchoｏsetheｂｅｓtanswｅｒｆｒomthefouｒchoicｅsmarkeｄA),B),C)andD).ＴhｅnmａrkthecorrespondingletteronAnswｅrShｅet１withaｓｉngleｌｉｎeｔhrougｈthｅｃenｔre.Ｑueｓtioｎs１６to18ａreｂａsｅdｏnｔheｒecordinｇyouｈａveｊusthｅａrｄ.A)Itiｓaccesｓｉｂｌeoｎlytｏthｅｔａｌenｔed．B)Itimprovｅｓsｔｕｄｅntｓ’aｂilｉｔytｏthink.C）Iｔstarｔsａlifelonｇlｅarｎｉngpｒｏcｅsｓ.D）Ｉｔgｉｖesｂirthtoｍａnｙeｍineｎtｓｃｈolars.A)Ｔhｅyｅnｃｏurａgｅacadｅmicdemｏcraｃｙ.B）Ｔheyproｍｏteglobａlｉzａt(yī)ion.Ｃ)Tｈeyuｐholdthepｒｅsideｎts'ａｕthority.D）Theｙprotectstｕｄenｔs’rightｓ.18．A)Hiｓｔhirsｔfoｒkｎowｌedge．Ｂ)Ｈiseaｇｅrｎｅsｓｔofiｎｄaｊob．C)Hｉscontemｐtforaｕthoｒitｙ．Ｄ)Hisｐｏtｅnｔｉａlfoｒｌｅａdｅｒshiｐ.Ｑuestions19to22aｒebasedoｎthereｃoｒdiｎgyouhaｖejｕsthｅard．１９．A)Ｆewpeopleknoｗhowtｏrｅtｒieｖeinfoｒmationｐropｅrｌy.Ｂ)?Peoplecanenhancetｈeirmemorｙwitｈafewtricks.C) Mosｔpｅｏplｅhaｖearatheｒｐｏorlong-ｔermｍｅmoｒy.Ｄ)?Peｏpletendtoｕnｄeｒestimａt(yī)etｈｅirmeｎtalｐowers．20． Ａ)Theypreｓeｎtthesｔatesiｎasurｐrｉｓinglydiｆferｅntoｒｄｅｒ.B）?Theyiｎcｌuｄemoｒｅorlesstｈesameｎｕmｂerofsｔatｅｓ．C)?Ｔｈｅyarｅexactｌytheｓaｍeasisshowninthｅatlas．D）?Theycontainｎamesofｔhemoｓtfamｉliaｒstates.21.?A）Ｆocｕsingoｎwhａt(yī)islikelytｏｂetested．B)?Ｈａvｉngagoｏdsｌｅｅpｔhenｉｇhｔｂｅｆore.Ｃ） Revieｗingyourｌessonｓｗｈeｒethｅｅxamiｓtolaｋｅplaｃｅ．Ｄ）?Mａkingsenｓibledｅcisｉonswhilｅcｈoｏｓingyoｕranswers.22.?A)Ｄiscovｅrwｈenｙｏｕｃanlearnbｅst. B)Cｈangeyourtimeoｆｓtｕdydaｉlｙ.C）Gｉveｙouｒｓelfａｄoｕbｌebonusafterwａrｄs．D)Followtheexaｍplｅofａmaｒaｔhonrunｎeｒ.Quｅｓtiｏns２３ｔo25aｒｅｂａsedｏntherｅｃordingyouｈａｖejｕｓｔｈｅaｒｄ．2３. A)Heiｓａpolｉｔｉcian. B)Hｅｉsａbｕsｉnｅsｓｍan.Ｃ)Heｉsasociｏloｇist.?D）Heisａｅcｏnomist24． A)Inslｕms. B)ＩｎＡfｒica.C)Iｎpｒe-iｎｄuｓtriａlｓｏｃietiｅs. D)Indeveloｐingcountｒies.２５．?A)Theyhaｖenｏａcceｓstohealthｃare,lｅtａｌonｅｅnterｔａinmｅntoｒrｅcreａt(yī)ioｎ.Ｂ) Theｉrincomｅｉslｅssthan50％oftｈenationalａvｅｒagefamilyinｃoｍe.C) Theｙｗorｋextrａhoｕｒsｔｏhａveｔｈeirbａｓicneedｓmｅｔ.D） Theｉｒｃhildrencanｎotａffordtogotｏpriｖatｅｓｃhooｌs．PａrtIＩLｉsteniｎｇCompreheｎsｉon(30mｉnutes）SectｉoｎA(yù)Ｄiｒecｔｉｏns：Inｔhｉsｓｅｃtｉon,youwｉllｈｅarｔwｏｌongconversations．Attｈｅendoｆｅaｃhconversatｉoｎ,yｏｕwillｈearfourｑueｓtions.Ｂothtｈeｃonvｅrsatｉｏnａnｄthequeｓtionsｗillbespokｅnonlyonｃe.Aｆteｒｙｏuheａraｑuesｔiｏn,ｙoumusｔcｈoosethebestansweｒｆroｍthefourchoicesmarｋeｄA),B)，C)aｎdD).ThｅnmarkthecｏrrｅspｏndinｇletteroｎA(yù)nswｅrShｅeｔ１wｉｔhａsingｌeｌｉnetｈrｏuｇｈthｅceｎtｒｅ.Ｑuｅｓtiｏns１to４arebasedontheｃonvｅrsａt(yī)ionyouhaveｊustheａrd.１.A)Hewouldｆeeｌinｓulteｄ．Ｂ)Hewouldfeelｖerysad.C）Ｈewｏuｌdbｅｅmbarｒassed.Ｄ）Hｅwoulｄbedisａpｐointed.【答案】A【解析】題目問假如男士在二手書店中發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己寫的書，那么男士會感覺如何。男士說到：假如他在二手書店發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的書，他會認為這是種欺侮。因此選A。2.A)Tｈｅyareｗoｒtｈyofaprize.B)Ｔｈeyａrｅｏｆｌiｔtlevａlｕe.C）Tｈeｙmａｋegｏodreadｉnｇ.D)Theｙｎeedimprovｅｍeｎt．【答案】Ｂ【解析】題目問男士的妻子認為他的書怎么樣。男士說到：他最新的一本書是在2023年寫的，當(dāng)時在寫的時候給他妻子看了一小部分。妻子認為他寫的內(nèi)容是垃圾。這表白他的妻子認為他寫的書毫無價值。因此選B。3.A）Ｈeseldｏmwritesaboｏkstｒaightthrough.B)Hewritｅｓseveralｂookssｉmｕltanｅoｕsly.C)Ｈｅdraｗsｏnhisrｅａｌ-lifeｅxperｉencｅs.D)Ｈeoftｅnｔurnsｔohiswｉfｅfoｒhelp.【答案】A【解析】題目問當(dāng)男士在寫作的時候,他通常會做什么。在對話中,女士問男士他那本《被埋葬的巨人》為什么被擱置了那么久，顯然是過了十年才把這本書寫好。男士回答:他寫書通常都是寫寫停停，寫到一半就會擱置幾年時間再繼續(xù)寫。男士的言外之意是,他很少會一口氣把一本書寫完。因此選A。4.A)Wrｉtinｇａboｏkiｓjusｔｌikeｗaｔcｈingａfootbalｌmaｔｃh.Ｂ）Wｒｉtersactuａllyｗorkeveｒybitasｈardasfｏotbaｌlerｓ.Ｃ)Heｌikeｓｗａt(yī)cｈingafｏotbalｌmatchafterfinishingabook.D)Unlikeafoｏtbalｌmaｔch,ｔhereisnoendtoｗｒitingabook.Quesｔiｏns５tｏ8areｂａseｄonｔｈｅcｏnveｒsａt(yī)ionyoｕｈavｅjustheaｒd.【答案】Ｄ【解析】題目問男士提到足球比賽是想表達什么。男士在最后說到,足球運動員在結(jié)束的哨聲吹響的時候,就意味著比賽已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。但是對于作家來說,永遠都沒有結(jié)束的哨聲這一說。因此選D。５.A)Acｈieveｍenｔsofblackmａleaｔhｌetｅｓｉncolleｇｅ．Ｂ)Financiａlassiｓtａnceｔoｂlａcｋａt(yī)ｈｌetｅｓincolleｇe．Ｃ）Highcollegedroｐoｕtrａt(yī)esamｏnｇblａｃｋaｔｈｌeteｓ.Ｄ)Ｕnｄerｇrａduａｔeｅnrollmeｎtsoｆbｌaｃkathletｅｓ．【答案】C【解析】題目問這兩個發(fā)言者在談?wù)撌裁?。女士在一開始就引出主題：一份研究表白，在大學(xué)中黑人運動員的輟學(xué)率特別高。因此選Ｃ。６．Ａ）Theydisplaygｒeatｔａlentｉnｅveｒyｋindｏｆgame.Ｂ)Ｔheyarｅbｅtteratspｏrtｓthanatａcademiｃｗoｒk.C)Theyhavediffiｃultyｆｉndinｇmoneyｔｏcomｐletetheｉrsｔudies.D)Thｅｙmａkemｏneｙforthｅcollegeｂutｏftenｆailtoearnadeｇree.【答案】D【解析】題目問這份研究對黑人男性運動員有什么新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。男士說到：他們是以給學(xué)校發(fā)明收入的工薪階層的身份存在的,而不是以受教育的學(xué)生的身份存在的。就是說,黑人男性運動員只是學(xué)校的掙錢工具，而學(xué)校并沒有給他們太多接受學(xué)術(shù)教育的機會。因此選D。7．Ａ）About15%.Ｂ)Aｒｏund40％．C)Slｉｇhｔlyｏｖｅr50%.D)Ａpproｘｉmａt(yī)eｌｙ70%.【答案】C【解析】題目問黑人男性運動員的畢業(yè)率是多少。女士回答:在６5所學(xué)校中只有勉強一半多一點兒的黑人能畢業(yè)。因此選C。8.A)Ｃｏacｈeslaｃktｈeinceｎtiveｔｏｇraduａｔethｅm．B)Colｌeｇedｅgreeｓdoｎotｃouｎtmuchtoｔhem.Ｃ)Thｅyｈaveｌittｌｅiｎｔｅrestinaｃadｅmiｃwork.Ｄ)Schｏolsｄoｎｏtdeｅmitaserioｕsｐroblem．【答案】A【解析】題目問根據(jù)男士可知，黑人運動員沒能取得大學(xué)學(xué)位的因素是什么。男士在最后說到:所有的動機不是要贏得比賽就是不能輸?shù)舯荣悺＝叹毴鄙僮屗麄儺厴I(yè)的動力。因此選A。SectionBDirｅｃtｉons:Intｈiｓsｅction,ｙｏuwiｌｌheartｗｏｐasｓaｇes.Attheｅndoｆｅaｃhpassage,ｙouwillｈeａrｔhｒeｅorｆouｒquｅstions.Ｂoｔhthepａsｓageaｎdthｅqueｓtioｎswillｂespｏkｅnonlyonce.Aftｅryouhearaｑuｅsｔion,ｙoumustcｈooseｔｈebｅsｔaｎｓwerｆroｍｔhｅfourcｈoiｃesｍarkedA),Ｂ),Ｃ)andＤ)．ThenmaｒkthecorresｐoｎｄiｎｇletｔｅronAnswerSheet1witｈasiｎgleliｎｅｔhroughthecentre．Questions9tｏ12ａrｅbasedoｎtｈeｐａssageyouｈaｖｅjuｓtheaｒd.9．A)Mａrｋetingsｔｒａt(yī)egｉｅs.Ｂ)Hoｌｉdaｙｓhｏppiｎg.C）Ｓhｏｐpingmalls.D)Ｏnliｎesｔoｒes．【答案】B【解析】題目問說話者重要說了什么。聽力材料一開始就提到“Ameｒicａ’sｈolidayshｏｐpｉnｇsｅａsｏnsｔartｓoｎBlaｃkFrｉｄaｙ..．Itisthebusiｅsｔshoppingdayoｆtheyear”,因此，不難推斷出該篇聽力的主題是關(guān)于holidaｙshoppiｎg,因此本題選B。1０.A)Abｏｕt50%oｆholiｄaysｈoｐｐers.B)Aboｕt20-30%ｏfhｏliｄayshoｐpers．Ｃ)Ａｂout1３6million．D）Ａｂoｕt183.8milliｏn.【答案】Ｄ【解析】題目問有多少人會在網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一那天購物。聽力篇章中提及，“Ａbouｔ18３．8millioｎpeopleｗillshoponCybeｒMondaｙ”，就不難選出本題答案D。1１.Ａ)Ｔheyhavefeｗercusｔomｅrs．B)Ｔheyfｉndithaｒdtosｕｒvｉｖe．C)Theyareｔhriｖinｇonceｍoｒe.D）Tｈeyaｐpealtoeldeｒlyｃｕｓtomｅｒs．【答案】C【解析】題目問關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)購物中心,《財富》是怎么說的。聽力篇章中提及“Fｏｒtｕnesaystheｗeａｋestoftｈemallｓhavｅclosed．Thesectoｒisｔhｒivingaｇain”，由此可知，本題答案選C。12．A)Betterqualiｔyｏｆconsumergoods.Ｂ)Hiｇheｒempｌoymeｎtaｎdｗageｓ.Ｃ)Ｇrｅaｔervarieｔｉesoｆcｏmｍoｄities．D）Pｅｏpｌeｈaｖingｍoreleisureｔime.【答案】Ｂ【解析】題目是問購物者數(shù)量增長的因素是什么。篇章中提到,“…ｌowerunemplｏymenｔandrｉsiｎｇwａgeｓｃｏuldｇiveＡｍericａnsmoremoneytｏspend”,其中B選項與這句話完全符合，lowerunｅmploｙment即ｈigheｒemployment，故本題選B。Quesｔiｏns13to15aｒｅbａsedｏnthepassageｙouhａｖeｊｕstheard.13．A)Ｔheyarenewspeｃieｓofbｉｇinsecｔｓ.B）Theyａｒeoverｐｒeｓcｒibeｄanｔibiotｉcs.C)Ｔhｅyａrｅlｉfｅ-thrｅateningdiｓｅases.Ｄ)Ｔhｅyａｒeantiｂiotic-resistantbaｃteｒｉa.【答案】D【解析】題目問關(guān)于超級細菌我們知道什么。篇章中提及，“youｍayhaveｈeardaboutthenｅwsupeｒbuｇsｗhichａreaｎtibiotｉc-reｓiｓtantbaｃteriａt(yī)hathavedｅvelopedａｓaresulｔofｏveｒprescrｉbedantiｂiotiｃs．",其中D選項與這句話完全符合。14.Ａ）Antibioticsａｒｅnowinｓｈortsuｐplｙ．B)Manyｉｎｆectionsarenolｏｎgeｒｃurabｌe.C)Largeａmounｔsｏｆｔaxｍoｎeyareｗaｓteｄ．D）Routiｎeoｐeraｔiｏnshaｖebecomecomplex．【答案】Ｄ【解析】題目問抗生素用量過度的后果是什么。篇章中提到“seeminglyroutineoperatiｏｎｓ..．a(chǎn)rｅｎｏｗmuchmorehazaｒdｏｕｓ...”，D選項與此相符合。１5.Ａ)Facilities．Ｂ）Expｅrtisｅ.C)Ｍoney．D)Ｐublicity．【答案】C【解析】題目問，在說話者看來，為應(yīng)對嚴(yán)重威脅生命的傳染病，什么是最迫切需要的。篇章最后提及：面對嚴(yán)重威脅生命的傳染病，卻只有1.２%的預(yù)算被用于研究上,這與所需的資金相差甚遠。由此可知C選項對的。SｅctionCDirｅctｉｏｎs:Inthｉsｓection,youwilｌｈeａｒthreｅｒecoｒdinｇｓｏfｌecｔｕrｅsｏrｔａｌksfolloweｄｂythreeoｒfourｑuestioｎs.Therecｏrdｉnｇｓwiｌlbｅｐlaｙedonlyonｃｅ．Afteｒｙouhearａｑuestion,yoｕｍustｃｈooseｔｈｅbestaｎswｅrfrｏmthefourcｈoｉcｅｓmarkｅdA)，Ｂ）,CJandＤ)．ThｅnmarktｈeｃorreｓpoｎdingleｔteronAｎｓwerＳheet1withaｓｉnｇlelinｅtｈroughtheceｎtre.Ｑｕestions1６tｏ１8aｒebaｓedonｔhｅrecｏrdｉｎgyouhaveｊｕsｔheａrｄ.1６．A)Ｉtisaｃcesｓibleｏnｌytothetaｌenｔｅｄ．B)Itimｐｒoｖｅｓsｔｕdenｔｓ’aｂilｉｔytｏthｉnk.C)Ｉtstａrtsａlｉfeloｎgｌearniｎgpｒｏcｅｓs.D)Itgiveｓbiｒtｈtomanyeｍinentschｏlaｒs.【答案】Ｂ【解析】題目問說話者是如何描述大學(xué)的。聽力材料中提到“youarehｅreｔoｕｎｄerstandthinkingbettｅrａｎdｔｏｔhiｎkｂetteryｏuｒ-ｓelf”,B選項與此相符合。17.A)Thｅyencourageacademｉcｄeｍoｃｒacy．B)Theyｐｒomｏtｅglｏｂａliｚatioｎ．C)Thｅyupholｄｔhepｒeｓidentｓ’authority．Ｄ）Theyprｏtectstudｅｎts’rights.【答案】A【解析】題目問關(guān)于大學(xué),我們可以從說話者的故事中了解到什么。篇章中提到“Bｕtwhaｔwaｓreallyimpoｒtanｔaboｕｔthatｗaｓthｅunivｅrsiｔiｅsstandoｕtａｓplacesthatrｅaｌｌｙareａboutthｅauthｏｒｉtyofiｄeas.＂，由此可推斷出大學(xué)鼓勵思想交流，鼓勵學(xué)術(shù)民主，A選項對的。18.A)Hiｓthirsｔfoｒkｎｏwｌedgｅ.B)Hiｓeagernesｓtofindajｏb.C）Hiｓcｏntemptfｏｒauｔhｏrity．D)Hiｓpotentiaｌfoｒｌeadersｈiｐ.【答案】Ａ【解析】題目是問說話者在挑戰(zhàn)他論文的年輕人身上看到了什么。聽力篇章中提及“a．..youcｏuldn’tdｅbatethaｔyoungｍａn’sｈuｎgｅrtｏleａｒｎ”,由此可判斷選A。Ｑuestions1９to２2arｅbasｅｄｏntherecorｄingyoｕｈaveｊustｈeaｒd.１9．A)Fｅwpeopleknowhoｗtｏretriｅveinfoｒmatｉonpropｅrly.B）Peoｐlｅcaｎｅnhａncetheｉrmemorywithafeｗtricｋs.Ｃ)Mostpeoplehａveaｒatheｒpｏorlong-tｅｒmmemory.D)Pｅopletｅｎdtｏundeｒestiｍatetheiｒmentalpowers.【答案】D【解析】聽力篇章一開始就提及，“Psycholｏgicaｌresearchshowsｗeｃoｎsistentｌyundereｓtiｍateｏｕrmentalｐoｗers.”，這與D選項完全符合。20．A)Thｅypｒeｓｅｎtthestatｅsｉｎasurprisiｎｇlｙｄifferｅnｔｏrder.Ｂ)Thｅyinclｕdｅｍｏreｏrlessthesamenumbｅrｏｆstates.C)Theｙarｅｅxactｌyｔhesameasiｓｓhowｎinthｅatlas.D)Ｔheycontａinnamesoftｈemosｔfａｍilｉａrｓtatｅs.【答案】B【解析】聽力材料中提到，“Theｔwｏlistｓwillｃｏntainｒoughlythｅｓamenｕmｂｅroｆstatesｂuttheywillnotbｅiｄeｎtical”,由此可知本題答案為B選項。21.A)Focｕｓiｎgonwhａt(yī)isｌiｋelytobeｔｅsｔed.B）Haｖingagｏodsleepthenightbeforｅ.C)Revｉewiｎgyouｒlｅssｏｎswherethｅｅxamｉstotakｅpｌaｃe.D）Makiｎｇｓensibｌedeciｓionｓwhｉlecｈｏoｓingｙouranswerｓ.【答案】Ｃ【解析】題目問說話者對如何準(zhǔn)備和參與考試有何建議。聽力篇章中提及“Ifpｏｓsible,youｓhoｕldalsotｒytolearninforｍatｉoninthｅroomｗhereiｔisgoingtoｂetｅsted”，這與Ｃ選項完全符合，故本題選C。２2.A)Diｓcoverwhenyoucanlｅarnbesｔ.B）Cｈaｎgｅyouｒtimeofsｔｕdydａiｌy.B)Giveyｏursｅlfadoubleｂoｎuｓaftｅrwａrｄs.D)Foｌloｗtheexamｐleofamarａt(yī)honrｕｎner.【答案】Ａ【解析】題目問關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí),說話者給了我們什么建議。聽力篇章中曾提及：“Whｅnyｏulearniｓalｓoｉmpoｒtant”,這表白，要找到最適合自己學(xué)習(xí)的時間，故Ａ選項對的。Qｕｅstionｓ23to25areｂasedｏntｈeｒｅｃorｄiｎｇyouｈａｖejｕsthｅard．23.A)Hｅiｓapｏlitiｃian.B）Heisａｂusinessman.C)Heｉｓａsoｃiｏlogist.Ｄ)Heｉsａneｃonｏmisｔ.【答案】C【解析】題目是問說話者是做什么的。聽力篇章中提及“Iｔｃoncernsnoｔoｎlyussocｉoｌogisｔｓbutalsoeconomiｓts,polｉticiaｎｓａnｄbusiｎessｐeople.”,答案為Ｃ選項。２4.Ａ）Inslums．B)InAfrica.Ｃ）Inpre-iｎｄuｓtriaｌsocietｉes.D)Indｅvelopinｇcｏuntries．【答案】Ｄ【解析】題目是問說話者說在哪可以發(fā)現(xiàn)極度貧窮的情況。聽力篇章中提及:“Wheｒeｄoeseｘtremeｐｏvertyoccur?Wｅll,youcanfiｎｄitonｌyiｎdｅｖelopiｎgcounｔｒies.”，因此本題答案選D。２5.A)Theyhａvenoaｃceｓstｏhｅalthcare,letａloneentertaiｎｍenｔorrecｒeatｉoｎ.B)Theiｒiｎｃｏｍeiｓlｅｓsthan50%ofthenａｔionalａveragｅfaｍilｙinｃome．C)Thｅywｏrkextｒahｏurstoｈaveｔｈｅirbasicnｅedｓmｅt.D)Tｈeｉｒcｈｉldrｅncannotaffordｔoｇotopｒiｖatｅｓcｈｏoｌs．【答案】B【解析】題目是問家庭相對貧窮的美國人是什么樣的。聽力篇章中提及：“ｉntheUnｉtedSｔatesａfａｍiｌycanbeｃonsideredpoorｉfｔhｅiｒiｎcomｅislessｔｈaｎ50%ofthenatioｎalavｅragefaｍilyincome.”,這與B選項完全符合。ＰartⅢ ＲeadinｇCompreheｎsion（40minｕtｅs)ＳeｃｔionAＤirectiｏnｓ:Intｈiｓsectｉoｎ，thｅreｉsapaｓsaｇｅwiｔhｔenblanｋs．Youaｒｅrequireｄtoｓｅleｃtonｅwordｆoreａchｂlankfrｏｍaliｓtofchoicｅsgｉveninａwordbankfollｏｗinｇtheｐａｓｓage.Readthｅpａssaｇeｔｈroｕｇhｃarefｕllybeforemａｋingyourchoices,Ｅachｃhoｉcｅｉｎthebａnｋisiｄentifｉedbyaleｔｔer.PlｅasｅmarｋthｅcｏrresｐｏndinglｅtteｒfｏｒeａchitｅｍonAnswerSheet2witｈａsiｎｇlｅｌinethrｏughtｈｅcentre.Ｙoumaynｏtuseａnyofｔhewordsinthebankｍoｒethaｎonｃe.Questions26to35arｅbaｓｅdｏｎｔheｆollowｉnｇpａｓsａge.ＡfteｒｂｅcominｇpｒesｉdｅntofＰuｒdueUniveｒsityin2０23，MitchDａnｉelsaskeｄｔhefacｕｌtｙtoprovetｈatｔｈeirｓtudentｓhａｖｅａctuaｌlｙacｈiｅvｅdoｎｅofｈigherｅｄucatioｎ’smostｉmpｏrtaｎtｇoaｌs:criticａltｈinkｉngskｉlls.Ｔｗoｙearsbeｆore，anationwidesｔｕｄyofcolｌegegｒａdｕａt(yī)ｅsｈadｓｈownｔhatmｏrｅｔhａｎａt(yī)ｈirdhadmadeno(２6)＿_＿__＿_gaiｎsinｓuchmenｔalaｂilitieｓduｒｉngtheirｓchｏolyears.Mr.Danielｓnｅededto(２７)__＿＿___theｈighcｏstofａt(yī)teｎdingＰurdｕetoitsstudｅntsａndtheirfaｍilies．Afterａlｌ,thepeｒcentageofＡmericａnswhｏsayacｏｌleｇedegreeis“verｙimportaｎt”ｈaｓfａlｌen(28）____＿__ｉnｔhｅlast5-6years.Ｐuｒduenowhａsａpiｌottｅsttoaｓsesｓstｕｄｅｎts’ｃｒiticaｌthｉnkingｓｋilｌs.YeｔｌｉkemaｎycolｌeｇｅtｅachersａrouｎｄthｅＵ．S．，thｅｆaculｔyremain(29）＿__＿_＿_thａt(yī)tｈeirwoｒkasedｕcatoｒsｃanｂemeａｓuｒｅｄｂｙa“l(fā)ｅａrning(30)＿___＿＿＿”ｓｕchａsagraduaｔe’ｓabilｉtｙtoinｖestiｇａt(yī)eａndreason．Ｈowever,theprofeｓsｏｒsneednotｗｏrrｙsomucｈ．Tｈeresuｌtsｏfarecｅnteｘｐerimentshoｗｅｄthatｐｒofessｏrｓcanuse(31)＿_____＿metricstｏmｅasurｅhowwｅlｌｓtuｄenｔsdointhreekｅyaｒeas：criticaｌthinking,wrｉtｔeｎcommuniｃａt(yī)ion,aｎdqｕantiｔａt(yī)iveliｔｅracy．Desｐiｔethesucceｓｓoｆtheeｘpｅriment,tｈeaｃｔualresｕltｓarｅworｒisome，aｎdmostｌy(32）_＿___＿＿eaｒliｅｒｓtｕｄiｅs.Thｅorgaｎizeｒsofｔhｅeｘpｅrｉｍｅnｔcoｎclｕdedthatｆarfｅwerstudｅntswｅreａchiｅvｉnｇaｔhｉｇhleｖelsoncｒiｔicalthinkｉngthantｈeｙweｒedoｉｎｇfoｒｗrittencommunicationorｑuａnｔitaｔiveliterａcy.Andtｈatｃonclｕsioｎisbasedoｎlyonstｕｄentｓnｅarｉngｇraduａt(yī)ｉon．Ａｍerｉｃａnuniｖersiｔｉes，despｉtｅtｈeirｇloｂａl（３3)＿＿＿＿＿__ foreｘceｌlｅnceｉnteacｈinｇ,haｖeonlybｅｇunｔodｅmｏnｓtrａt(yī)ewhatｔhｅycanproduceiｎｒｅal－ｗｏrｌdlearning.Kｎoｗledge－baｓeｄdeｇｒeesａreｓｔiｌlimｐortaｎｔ，butｅｍployersaｒｅ(34)______＿ａdvancedthｉnkingskｉｌlsｆromcｏllｅｇｅgraｄuatｅs.Iｆthｅinｔelｌeｃtuａlwｏrthｏfａcoｌlegeｄｅgrｅecanbe(35)_＿_____measureｄ，moｒｅpｅｏplewiｌlｓeekhighereducatｉon—aｎdcｏmeｏｕtｂｅtterthinkers.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡２上作答。A)accuraｔeｌyB)coｎｆirmC)deｍandingD)ｄouｂｔｆｕlＥ)draｓtｉｃalｌyF）juｓtｉfyG)monopolizeｄＨ）outcomeＩ）prｅｄoｍinanceJ)pｒesumingＫ）rｅpｕtationＬ)sｉｇnｉficａnｔM)signifyＮ)siｍulｔaｎeouslｙＯ)staｎｄａrdｉzed2６.【解析】F?？崭袂暗膔eｍain為系動詞,因此空格處需要填入一個形容詞；根據(jù)前面的句意“……更有也許堅持做一件事”,可知focuseｄ最為符合,表達“保持全神貫注”，因此本題選F。27.【解析】Ｌ。根據(jù)空格前的tｏ可判斷空格處應(yīng)填入動詞原形,根據(jù)句意,“使用口頭提醒來記憶圖像”，可知選項L符合。28.【解析】０。空格前是量詞ｔwentｙ，因此空格處需填入一個名詞復(fù)數(shù)；再由前邊的“Inoneeｘｐeｒiｍeｎt”可知這是一個實驗，所以這里選擇vｏlunteeｒs（志愿者)最為合適,故本題選0。29.【解析】H?？崭袂昂蠓謩e為ｂe動詞were和介詞to,因此空格處需要填入一個動詞的被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)句意，“一半人被＿＿＿__要大聲地反復(fù)他們要找的東西，”可知instrｕcｔed（告知,指導(dǎo)）最為合適，因此本題答案選H。３0.【解析】J。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷空格處需要填入一個形容詞。再由theotheｒhalf相應(yīng)的是前邊的Half,可知這里的情況和前邊的不同，前邊說repeatouｔloud（大聲地反復(fù)),后邊自然就是要表達“不說話”的意思，keepone’sliｐssealed即“閉上嘴巴、不說話”的意思,故本題選J。３1.【解析】M?？崭袂暗模鬶at引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,空格與后面的名詞詞組thenａmeofacommoｎprｏduｃt共同充當(dāng)賓語從句的主語,因此空格處應(yīng)填入動詞的-ing形式，根據(jù)句意可判斷uttering更為合適，故本題選M。3２.【解析】A?？崭袼诰涫且粋€現(xiàn)在完畢時態(tài),空格前后組成謂語動詞hａveｍatured，因此空格處事實上并不缺成分，只也許填入一個副詞來修飾動詞ｍatuｒｅd，根據(jù)單詞意思，這里應(yīng)選apparently。３3．【解析】Ｃ。根據(jù)空格前邊的agreatsｉgnoｆ可知，空格處缺少一個名詞；再根據(jù)句意，“當(dāng)你足夠成熟時，自言自語并不能顯示出你的＿____”，可知這里填入brilliaｎce更為合適。故本題選C。34.【解析】Ｄ?？崭袂斑吺且痪渫暾脑?空格后是thaｔ從句,由此判斷空格處填入動詞的-ing形式，作為前邊句子的隨著狀語，并引導(dǎo)后面的賓語從句；分析選項,動詞的-ｉｎｇ形式只剩下ｃlaiｍing這一個詞，故本題選D。35.【解析】Ｎ?？崭裉幮枰钊胍粋€名詞,與前邊的Ａｔany構(gòu)成介詞詞組；結(jié)合整篇文章的大意，此處填入ｖoｌume最為合適，故本題選Ｎ。SecｔionBDirecｔiｏns:Inthiｓsection,ｙouarｅgoｉnｇｔoreaｄapａｓｓagewiｔhｔｅnstateｍentsａt(yī)tachedtｏit.Eachstａt(yī)ementcontａinsinforｍaｔiongiveninoneｏftheparagraｐｈs.Identｉfyｔhepaｒaｇrａpｈfromwhｉchthｅinｆorｍationiｓdｅrived.Ｙoｕmａychoｏseaparａgｒaｐhｍorethanｏnce.Eacｈｐａｒaｇrａphismarkｅｄwithaｌｅtｔer.AnsｗeｒtheｑueｓtｉonsbｙmarkingthｅcoｒreｓpｏnｄinｇletteronＡnswerSheｅｔ2.ＴheＰriceofOiｌandthｅPrｉceoｆCarbｏn[Ａ］Foｓsｉlｆueｌｐrｉｃesａrelikelｙｔostay“ｌowfｏrｌong.”Nｏtwithstａndingimpoｒｔantreceｎｔprｏgｒesｓinｄｅvｅｌｏpiｎgreｎeｗａbｌｅfuelsourｃes,lowfossilｆuｅlpｒicescouldｄiｓcouragefｕrｔherinnovatｉonin,andadｏpｔｉonoｆ,ｃｌｅａnerenergyｔｅchｎｏlｏgies.Therｅsultｗouｌdbehighereｍissiｏnｓｏfｃａｒboｎｄｉoxideandｏtheｒgrｅenhousegases.[Ｂ］Poliｃymａkeｒssｈoulｄnotallowloｗeｎergypｒiｃesｔoderailtheｃｌeaneｎeｒgｙtranｓitｉon.Aｃｔiｏnｔorｅsｔoｒeapproｐriateprｉceｉnｃeｎtiｖeｓ,ｎotaｂlytｈroughcｏｒrectivｅcaｒｂonprｉcｉng,isurgeｎtｌynｅｅｄedｔoloweｒthｅriskｏfirｒeversibｌeandpｏｔentiａｌlydevastatｉｎgeffｅctsoｆｃｌiｍatechanｇe.Thatapｐroａchａlsooffｅrsｆｉscalbeneｆｉts.[C]Ｏilｐriceshａvedroppedbyover60％ｓinceJｕｎe2023．Ａcommonlyheｌdvieｗiｎｔｈeoiliｎdustｒyisｔhaｔ“tｈebestｃurｅfoｒlowoilprｉｃesisｌowoilpriｃes.”Tｈereasoniｎｇbｅｈindtｈisｓａyinｇｉsｔhａt(yī)lｏwoiｌpriceｓdiｓｃｏuｒａgｅinｖestmentiｎｎｅwproductioncaｐacｉｔy，evｅｎtualｌyshｉftingtｈeoiｌｓupｐlycurvebaｃｋｗarｄaｎdbrｉngingprｉcesbaｃkｕpａsexistiｎgｏiｌｆiｅlds一whichcａnbetappedatｒelativｅlyloｗmａｒginalcoｓt—aｒｅｄepleteｄ.Infａｃt,inlinｅwithpasｔeｘperienｃeｃapitaｌexpenditureintｈeoilsectorhasdｒoppedｓharｐｌyinmaｎypｒｏduｃｉngcｏuntrｉｅs,inｃludｉnｇtheＵnｉtedＳtａt(yī)es.Theｄynamｉcadjｕstmeｎttoｌoｗｏilｐricesmay,ｈowｅver,beｄifｆereｎtｔｈistimearouｎd.[D]Oilpricesareexpectedtoreｍainｌowerforlonｇｅｒ.Theadvｅｎtofneｗｔecｈnologieshasaddeｄａｂout４.２mｉllｉonbarrｅlsｐｅrｄａｙtｏｔhecrudeoｉｌｍarket,coｎtribｕtiｎｇｔoａglｏbａlｏver－supｐly.Inadｄiｔioｎ,otherfacｔorｓａrepuｔtiｎｇdownwａrdpressｕreｏｎoiｌpｒiceｓ:cｈangeinｔｈesｔｒatｅgiesbeｈaｖiorofthｅＯrganiｚａt(yī)ionｏfＰetｒｏleumExpoｒｔｉｎgCｏuｎtries,theｐroｊｅcｔeｄincreasｅｉnIrａnianexportｓ,tｈescaｌiｎg－downofglobａｌｄemand(especiallyｆromeｍｅｒginｇmarketｓ),thelonｇ-termdropinｐetｒｏleuｍcoｎsumpｔiｏnintheUｎitedStates,andsｏmeｄisplａｃｅmｅntｏｆoｉlbysubsｔitｕteｓ．Ｔｈｅsｅｌikelyｐｅrsisｔｅntｆoｒｃes,liｋethegrｏwtｈofshaｌｅ（頁巖）oil，ｐointtｏa“l(fā)ｏｗforlonｇ”sｃenａrio.Futｕresmａrketｓ,ｗｈicｈshｏwｏnlyaｍｏdｅｓtrｅｃｏｖeryofprｉｃeｓtoａround$60abarｒeｌby20２３，ｓuppｏrtthｉｓｖiew．[E］Nａｔuralgasandｃoａl—aｌsofｏssｉlfuelｓ—havesimilarlyｓｅｅnpｒiceｄeｃｌinｅsthａt(yī)lｏoktｏｂeｌｏng－ｌivｅd.Coaｌandｎaturalgaｓarｅmainlｙusedfｏrelectricｉｔyｇenerａt(yī)ion,ｗhereａsoilｉsusｅdｍosｔlｙｔopowertraｎsportation,yｅtｔheｐriceｓofalｌｔheseeｎergｙsourｃesarｅlinkeｄ．TheNorthAｍericansｈalegａsbｏomhasresultedinrecorｄｌｏｗｐriceｓthｅｒe.ThｅrecentｄｉsｃｏveｒｙｏfｔｈeｇｉantＺohｒgasfieldｏffthｅEgｙptiancｏaｓtwｉlｌeｖenｔuａｌlyｈaｖeimpａｃtonpricinｇiｎthｅＭｅdiｔerraｎeanrｅgionａｎdEuroｐe，andtherｅiｓsiｇnifｉcａntｄeｖeloｐmenｔpｏteｎtiａlｉｎmａｎyotherplaｃes,ｎotabｌyArｇentｉｎａ.Ｃoａlpricesalsoareｌｏw,oｗｉngtoover-suｐplyanｄthescaｌing-downoｆdeｍand，espeｃialｌyｆromChiｎa，whicｈbｕmsｈaｌｆｏfｔｈeｗoｒld’scoal．[F]Teｃhnologｉｃaｌｉｎnｏvationｓhavｅunlｅasｈedtheｐｏwｅｒoｆｒenｅwablessuchaｓwiｎｄ，hydｒo,solaｒ,aｎdgeotｈｅrmaｌ(地?zé)?.EveｎA(yù)fricａandｔｈｅＭiddｌeEast,homeｔｏeconｏmiesthatarehｅavｉｌydｅpendeｎｔoｎｆoｓsilfuelexｐorts,hａveenormouspｏtｅntialtodeveｌopｒeｎewaｂles．Ｆorexaｍｐｌe,tｈeUｎiteｄArabEｍiｒaｔesｈａseｎdorseｄanaｍｂitiｏusｔarｇettodrａｗ24%ｏfｉｔspｒiｍarｙenerｇycｏnsuｍｐtｉｏnfroｍｒenewａbleｓoｕrceｓby２023.［G]Prｏgreｓｓinthedevelopｍｅｎtｏfrenewablesｃouldbefragｉle,ｈoｗevｅr，ｉfｆosｓilfuelpｒiｃesｒemainlowforｌong.Reｎewａblｅsaccounｔfoｒonｌｙasmalｌｓhareoｆgloｂaｌprｉmaryenｅrｇｙｃonｓｕmptｉoｎ，whicｈｉsstilldomｉｎaｔeｄbyfossiｌｆuels—30%eachfｏrcoａlandｏｉｌ，25%fornａｔuralgas.Ｂutrenewabｌeenergywilｌｈavｅtodisplａceｆｏsｓilfｕelｓtoamuchgreａt(yī)erexteｎtinthｅfutuｒetoavoｉdunacceｐｔablｅcｌimatｅrｉsks．[H]Ｕnfortunatｅｌy,ｔｈecurrentlowpriｃeｓｆorｏil,gａs，anｄｃoａlmａｙprｏvideｌitｔlｅｉｎｃentiｖｅfｏrｒeｓeaｒｃｈtｏｆindeｖｅｎcheａpｅrsubstitutｅsfoｒthosefuels．Thereissｔrｏngevidｅncｅthａt(yī)bｏthinnovａt(yī)ionanｄadoptionofcleaｎeｒｔechnologｙareｓtｒoｎｇlyencoｕｒageｄbyhｉｇｈｅrfｏssilfuelpｒiceｓ.Thesａｍｅistｒueｆorｎewtｅcｈnoloｇiesfｏrallｅviａt(yī)ingfossｉlfuelｅmissions.[I]Thecuｒrentlowfossilfuｅｌｐricｅenｖironｍentwillｔhuscertａinlydelaｙｔheenｅrgytransitioｎｆromfosｓｉlｆｕｅltocｌeａnenergｙsouｒｃes.Ｕｎlｅｓsrenewａbleｓbecｏｍeｃheapenｏughthatｓｕbｓtaｎtiaｌcａrbonｄepｏｓｉｔsaｒｅlｅftundｅrｇrounｄforaverｙlｏngｔime，ifnotfｏrever,tｈeｐlａneｔwｉlllｉkebeｅｘpｏsｅdtopotｅｎtiallycatａｓtroｐhicｃlimaterisks．[J]Sｏmeclimａｔeimｐaｃtｓmayalｒeadybedｉscerｎible．Ｆorexampｌe,ｔｈeUniｔedNationsChildrenFundeｓtimatesthaｔsomｅ1１milｌionchｉlｄｒeninＡfriｃafacehungeｒ，disease，anｄwaｔerｓhoｒtageaｓaｒesｕlｔｏｆthestrongeｓtEｌNinｏ(厄爾尼諾）ｗeatherｐhenomenｏｎiｎｄecaｄes.ManyｓcieｎtistｓbｅliｅｖethatElNｉｎｏｅvｅnts，ｃaｕsｅdｂywａｒmｉngiｎtheＰaｃｉfic,arebｅcoｍingmorｅiｎteｎｓeaｓaresultofｃlｉmateｃhange.[K]Nａt(yī)ｉonｓｆrｏmaroundｔheｗｏｒlｄｈａｖｅgａt(yī)heredinParｉsfoｒtheUnitedＮａｔiｏnsCliｍａt(yī)eChangｅConference,CＯP21,withtｈegoaｌofauniｖersalaｎｄpotｅｎtiallylegally-bindｉngaｇreemｅntreｄucinggrｅenｈoｕsegasemiｓsions.Ｗeneedverｙbroadｐａｒticipatｉoｎtoｆｕllｙaｄdressglobaltragedｙtｈａｔresultsｗｈencoｕntriesfailtotaｋeintｏaccouｎttheｎeｇａt(yī)ｉveｉｍpactｏｆthｅircarbonemissiｏnsoｎｔheresｔoftheworｌｄ.Moreovｅr,nｏn－participatioｎbyｎaｔionｓ,ifｓuffiｃientlyｗidespread,ｃanundermiｎeｔhepoliｔicalｗｉｌｌofparｔicipaｔｉngｃountｒｉestoaｃｔ.［L]TｈenatｉｏｎｓｐａrtiｃｉｐａｔingatCＯP21aｒeｆocusiｎｇｏnquantｉｔativｅemissions-redｕctiｏnｃｏmｍitmeｎts.Economiｃreaｓｏｎingshowｓｔhattheleasｔexｐeｎsivewayｆoreachｃｏuｎtrｙisｔoputaｐricｅoncarｂonemiｓsiｏｎs．Tｈerｅasonisｔｈａt(yī)ｗhencaｒｂonisｐriced,tｈｏseeｍissｉonsｒeduｃtionｓthatarelｅａstｃoｓtlytoiｍpｌementwｉlｌhappｅnｆｉｒst.TｈeInterｎationａｌMoneｔaｒyＦｕndcａｌculａt(yī)esthatｃoｕntｒieｓcangeneｒatｅsｕbsｔantiaｌfisｃalrevenuesbyelｉｍinatiｎgｆossiｌfuelｓubsｉdiｅsandlevyｉｎgｃarbｏｎcharｇesthatcａpturｅthｅdｏｍｅｓticdamａgecaｕsｅdbyｅmissiｏns.Ataxonupstreamcaｒbｏｎｓoｕｒｃesiｓoneeasyｗayｔｏｐuｔapricｅoncａrｂonemissiｏns,althouｇhｓoｍecounｔriｅsmａｙwｉｓｈｔousｅｏtheｒｍetｈodｓ,ｓuchａｓeｍissionstradingsｃhemeｓ.Iｎｏｒdｅrtｏmaximiｚeglobａlwelfａre,ｅvｅrｙcouｎｔrｙ’scarbonpｒiｃｉngsｈoｕｌdｒeｆlｅctnoｔonlytheｐｕrelydomesticdamagｅfｒｏmeｍissionｓ,buｔalsｏｔheｄamagetofoｒeiｇnｃｏuntries.［M]Settingtheｒiｇhtｃaｒｂonｐricｅwiｌltherｅfｏreｅfｆｉcｉentｌyaｌignthecoｓｔspaidbycａrbonuserswitｈｔｈetｒueｓociａｌopporｔunｉtycostoｆusingcarbｏn.Byraｉｓingrelatｉｖedemａnｄforcｌeaｎｅnergｙsources,ａｃarｂoｎpricewouldaｌsｏhelｐalｉgnthemarkeｔreturntｏcｌean－energyinnovａｔioｎwithitｓsｏｃialretｕｒn，spurｒｉｎgtherefinemenｔoｆexisｔingtｅｃhnologｉesaｎdｔｈｅdeveｌｏｐmentoｆｎｅwones.Anditｗｏulｄraisetｈｅdｅｍandfｏrtecｈnoｌogiessｕchａscarｂｏnｃapturｅａｎdstｏraｇe，