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Lesson1
APumaatlarge
逃遁的美洲獅
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?
Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.Whenreports
cameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouth
ofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebeganto
accumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthe
descriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawere
extraordinarilysimilar.
Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alarge
cat*onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexperts
confirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Thesearchproved
difficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwenty
milesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimals
likerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingto
bushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedofncat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtrip
sawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,but
wherehaditcomefrom?Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,this
onemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.The
huntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthata
dangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.
Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)
puma
n.美洲獅
spot
v.看出,發(fā)現(xiàn)
evidence
n.證據(jù)
accumulate
v,積累,積聚
oblige
V.使……感到必須
hunt
n.追獵:尋找
blackberry
n.黑莓
humanbeing
人類(lèi)
comer
V.使走投無(wú)路,使陷入困境
trail
n.一串,一系列
n.印痕
cling
v.粘
convince
V.使……信服
somehow
adv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
disturb
V.令人不安
參考譯文
美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動(dòng)物,產(chǎn)于美洲。當(dāng)倫敦動(dòng)物園接到報(bào)告說(shuō),在倫敦
以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時(shí),這些報(bào)告并沒(méi)有受到重視??墒牵S著證據(jù)
越來(lái)越多,動(dòng)物園的專(zhuān)家們感到有必要進(jìn)行一番調(diào)查,因?yàn)榉彩锹暦Q(chēng)見(jiàn)到過(guò)美洲
獅的人們所描述的情況竟是出奇地相似。
搜尋美洲獅的工作是從一座小村莊開(kāi)始的。那里的一位婦女在采摘黑費(fèi)時(shí)的看見(jiàn)“一只大
貓”,離她僅5碼遠(yuǎn),她剛看見(jiàn)它,它就立刻逃走了。專(zhuān)家證實(shí),美洲獅非被逼得走投無(wú)路,
是決不會(huì)傷人的。事實(shí)上搜尋工作很困難,因?yàn)槌3J窃绯吭诩椎匕l(fā)現(xiàn)那只美洲獅,晚上卻
在20英里外的乙地發(fā)現(xiàn)它的蹤跡。無(wú)論它走哪兒,一路上總會(huì)留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類(lèi)
的小動(dòng)物,在許多地方看見(jiàn)爪印,灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了粘在上面的美洲獅毛。有人抱怨說(shuō)夜里聽(tīng)
見(jiàn)“像貓一樣的叫聲”;一位商人去釣魚(yú),看見(jiàn)那只美洲獅在樹(shù)上。專(zhuān)家們?nèi)缃褚呀?jīng)完全肯定
那只動(dòng)物就是美洲獅,但它是從哪兒來(lái)的呢?由于全國(guó)動(dòng)物園沒(méi)有一家報(bào)告丟了美洲獅,因
此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的,不知怎么設(shè)法逃出來(lái)了。搜尋工作進(jìn)行了好幾個(gè)
星期,但始終未能逮住那只美洲獅。想到在寧?kù)o的鄉(xiāng)村里有一頭危險(xiǎn)的野獸繼續(xù)逍遙流竄,
真令人擔(dān)心。
Lesson12
Lifeonadesertisland
荒島生活
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Whatwasexceptionalaboutthetwomen'sstayonthedesertisland?
Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.Wesometimesimaginea
desertislandtobeasortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.Lifethereissimpleandgood.
Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.Theothersideofthepictureisquitethe
opposite.Lifeonadesertislandiswretched.YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinson
Crusoe,Waitingforaboatwhichnevercomes.Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththese
pictures,butfewushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.
Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhad
stayedtherelonger.TheyweretakingabadlydamagedboatfromtheVirgin
IslandstoMiamitohaveitrepaired.Duringthejourney,theirboatbeganto
sink.Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andcans
ofbeerandrowedforafewmilesacrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedata
tinycoralisland.Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasno
water,butthisdidnotprovetobeaproblem.Themencollectedrainwaterin
therubberdinghy.Astheyhadbroughtaspeargunwiththem,theyhadplenty
toeat.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,and,asoneofthemputit'ate
likekings'.Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmen
weregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.
Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)
desertisland
荒島
unrealistic
adj.不真實(shí)
paradise
n.天堂,樂(lè)士
wretched
adj.可憐的,艱苦的
starve
v.挨餓
element
D.成分
opportunity
n.機(jī)會(huì)
coral
n.珊瑚
VirginIslands
維爾京群島
Miami
n.邁阿密(美國(guó)最南的城市)
dinghy
n.救生筏,小船
Caribbean
n.加勒比海
speargun
捕魚(yú)槍
lobster
n.龍蝦
tanker
n.油輪
genuinely
adv.由衷地
RobinsonCrusoe
魯濱孫.克魯索(小說(shuō)《魯濱孫漂流記》主人公)
參考譯文
我們?cè)S多人對(duì)于荒島生活有一種不切實(shí)際的想法。我們有時(shí)想象荒島是陽(yáng)光終日普照的天
堂。在那里,生活簡(jiǎn)單又美好。成熟的水果從樹(shù)上掉下來(lái),人們根本無(wú)需勞動(dòng)。另一種想法
恰恰相反,認(rèn)為荒島生活很可怕,要么餓死,要么像魯濱孫那樣,天天盼船來(lái),卻總沒(méi)見(jiàn)船
影。也許,這兩種都像都有可信之處。但很少有人能有機(jī)會(huì)去弄個(gè)究竟。
最近有兩個(gè)人在一座珊瑚島上呆了5天,他們真希望在那兒再多呆一些日子。他
們駕著一條嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞的小船從維爾京群島阿密修理。途中,船開(kāi)始下沉,他們迅
速把食物、火柴、罐裝啤酒往一只救生筏上裝。然后在加勒比海上劃行了幾英里,
到了一座珊瑚島上。島上幾乎沒(méi)有一顆樹(shù),也沒(méi)有淡水,但這不算什么問(wèn)題。他
們用像皮艇蓄積雨水。由于他們隨身帶了一支捕魚(yú)槍?zhuān)虼?,吃飯不愁。他們?/p>
天捕捉龍蝦和魚(yú),正如其中一位所說(shuō),吃得'像國(guó)王一樣好5天后,一條油輪
從那兒路過(guò),搭救了他們。這二位不得不離開(kāi)那個(gè)荒島時(shí),還真的感到遺憾呢!
Lesson22
Byheart
熟記臺(tái)詞
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Whichactorreadtheletterintheend,thearistocratorthegaoler?
Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend,Inmanyways,
thisisunfortunateforthepooractorswhoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthe
samelinesnightafternight.Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsby
heartandneverhavecausetofalter.Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.
Afamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocratwhohadbeen
imprisonedintheBastillefortwentyyears.Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeontothe
stagewithaletterwhichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.Eventhoughthenoblewasexpectedto
readtheletterateachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.
Onenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajokeonhiscolleaguetofindoutif,after
somanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterby
heart.Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthe
aristocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.Justthen,thegaoler
appearedwiththepreciousletterinhisbands.Heenteredthecelland
presentedthelettertothearistocrat.Butthecopyhegavehimhadnotbeen
writtenoutinfullasusual.Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.Thegaoler
lookedoneagerly,anxioustoseeifhisfellowactorhadatlastlearnthislines.
Thenoblestaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.Then,
squintinghiseyes,hesaid:'Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome'.Andhe
promptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothegaoler.Findingthathecouldnot
rememberawordofthelettereither,thegaolerreplied:'Thelightisindeeddim,
sire,Imustgetmyglasses.'Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.Muchtothe
aristocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairof
glassesandtheusualcopyoftheletterwithheproceededtoreadtothe
prisoner.
Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)
run(ran,run)
v.(戲劇,電影等)連演,連映
lines
n.(劇本中的)臺(tái)詞
part
n.劇中的角色,臺(tái)詞
falter
V.支吾,結(jié)巴說(shuō)
cast(cast,cast)
V.連派……扮演角色
role
n.角色
aristocrat
n.貴族
imprison
V.關(guān)押
Bastille
n.巴士底獄
gaoler
n.監(jiān)獄長(zhǎng),看守
colleague
n.同事
curtain
n.(舞臺(tái)上的)幕布
reveal
V.使顯露
cell
n,單人監(jiān)房,監(jiān)號(hào)
blank
adj.空白的
squint
V.瞇著(眼)看,瞄
dim
adj.昏暗
sire
n.(古用法)陛下
proceed
V.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行
參考譯文
有些劇目十分成功,以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來(lái),可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因?yàn)樗麄冃?/p>
要一夜連著一夜地重復(fù)同樣的臺(tái)詞。人們以為,這些演員一定會(huì)把臺(tái)詞背得爛熟,絕不會(huì)臨
場(chǎng)結(jié)巴的,但情況卻并不總是這樣。
有一位名演員曾在一出極為成功的劇目中扮演一個(gè)貴族角色,這個(gè)貴族已在巴士
底獄被關(guān)押了20年。在最后一幕中,獄卒手持一封信上場(chǎng),然后將信交給獄中
那位貴族。盡管那個(gè)貴族每場(chǎng)戲都得念一遍那封信。但他還是堅(jiān)持要求將信的全
文寫(xiě)在信紙上。
一天晚上,獄卒決定與他的同事開(kāi)一個(gè)玩笑,看看他反復(fù)演出這么多場(chǎng)之后,是否已將信的
內(nèi)容記熟了。大幕拉開(kāi),最后一幕戲開(kāi)演,貴族獨(dú)自一人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。這時(shí)獄
卒上場(chǎng),手里拿著那封珍貴的信。獄卒走進(jìn)牢房,將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒(méi)
有像往常那樣把全文寫(xiě)全,而是一張白紙。獄卒熱切地觀察著,急于想了解他的同事是否記
熟了臺(tái)詞。貴族盯著紙看了幾秒鐘,然后,眼珠一轉(zhuǎn),說(shuō)道:“光線太暗,請(qǐng)給我讀一下這
封信?!闭f(shuō)完,他一下子把信遞給獄卒。獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個(gè)字也記不住,于是便說(shuō):“陛下,
這兒光線的確太暗了,我得去眼鏡拿來(lái)?!彼贿呎f(shuō)著,一邊匆匆下臺(tái)。貴族感到非常好笑
的是:一會(huì)兒工夫,獄卒重新登臺(tái),拿來(lái)一副眼鏡以及平時(shí)使用的那封信,然后為那囚犯念
了起來(lái)。
Lesson23
Oneman'smeatis
anotherman'spoison
各有所愛(ài)
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Whatwasitaboutsnailsthatmadethewritercollectthemforhisfriendonthatinparticular?
Peoplebecomequiteillogicalwhentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenandwhatcannotbeeaten.
IfyoulivedintheMediterranean,forinstance,youwouldconsideroctopusagreatdelicacy.You
wouldnotbeabletounderstandwhysomepeoplefinditrepulsive.Ontheotherhand,your
stomachwouldturnattheideaoffryingpotatoesinanimalfat—thenormallyacceptedpracticein
manynortherncountries.Thesadtruthisthatmostofushavebeenbroughtuptoeatcertainfoods
andwesticktothemallourlives.
Nocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiseandabusethanthecommongarden
snail.Cookedinwine,snailsareagreatluxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.
Therearecountlesspeoplewho,eversincetheirearlyyears,havelearnedto
associatesnailswithfood.Myfriend,Robert,livesinacountrywheresnails
aredespised.Ashisflatisinalargetown,hehasnogardenofhisown.For
yearshehasbeenaskingmetocollectsnailsfrommygardenandtakethem
tohim.Theideaneverappealedtomeverymuch,butoneday,afterheavy
shower,IhappenedtobewalkinginmygardenwhenInoticedahugenumber
ofsnailstakingastrollonsomeofmyprizeplants.Actingonasuddenimpulse,
Icollectedseveraldozen,puttheminapaperbag,andtookthemtoRobert.
Robertwasdelightedtoseemeandequallypleasedwithmylittlegift.Ileftthe
baginthehallandRobertandIwentintothelivingroomwherewetalkedfora
coupleofhours.IhadforgottenallaboutthesnailswhenRobertsuddenlysaid
thatImuststaytodinner.Snailswould,ofcourse,bethemaindish.Ididnot
fancytheideaandIreluctantlyfollowedRobertoutoftheroom.Toourdismay,
wesawthatthereweresnailseverywhere:theyhadescapedfromthepaper
bagandhadtakencompletepossessionofthehall!Ihaveneverbeenableto
lookatasnailsincethen.
Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)
poison(title)
n.毒藥
illogical
adj.不合邏輯的,無(wú)章法的
octopus
n.章魚(yú)
delicacy
n.美味,佳肴
repulsive
adj.令人反感的,令人生厭的
stomach
n.胃
turn
V.感到惡心,翻胃
fry
V.油炸
fat
n.(動(dòng)物,植物)油
abuse
n.辱r=~o馬a,責(zé)—馬aa
snail
n.蝸牛
luxury
n.奢移品,珍品
associate
v.聯(lián)想到
despise
V.鄙視
appeal
v.引起興致
shower
n.陣雨
stroll
n.溜達(dá),散步
impulse
n.沖動(dòng)
dozen
n.12個(gè),一打
fancy
V.喜愛(ài),喜歡
參考譯文
在決定什么能吃而什么不能吃的時(shí)候,人們往往變得不合情理。比如,如果你住
在地中海地區(qū),你會(huì)把章魚(yú)視作是美味佳肴,同時(shí)不能理解為什么有人一見(jiàn)章魚(yú)
就惡心。另一方面,你一想到動(dòng)物油炸土豆就會(huì)反胃,但這在北方許多國(guó)家卻是
一種普通的烹任方法。不無(wú)遺憾的是,我們中的大部分人,生來(lái)就只吃某幾種
食品,而且一輩子都這樣。
沒(méi)有一種生物所受到的贊美和厭惡會(huì)超過(guò)花園里常見(jiàn)的蝸牛了。蝸牛加酒燒煮后,便成了世
界上許多地方的一道珍奇的名菜。有不計(jì)其數(shù)的人們從小就知道蝸??勺霾?。但我的朋友羅
伯特卻住在一個(gè)厭惡蝸牛的國(guó)家中。他住在大城市里的一所公寓里,沒(méi)有自己的花園。多年
來(lái),他一直讓我把我園子里的蝸牛收集起來(lái)給他捎去。一開(kāi)始,他的這一想法沒(méi)有引起我多
大興趣。后來(lái)有一天,一場(chǎng)大雨后,我在花園里漫無(wú)目的散步,突然注意到許許多多蝸牛在
我的一些心愛(ài)的花木上慢悠悠的蠕動(dòng)著。我一時(shí)沖動(dòng),逮了幾十只,裝進(jìn)一只紙袋里,帶著
去找羅伯特。羅伯特見(jiàn)到我很高興,對(duì)我的薄禮也感到滿意。我把紙袋放在門(mén)廳里,與羅伯
特一起進(jìn)了起居室,在那里聊了好幾個(gè)鐘頭。我把蝸牛的事已忘得一干二凈,羅伯特突然提
出一定要我留下來(lái)吃晚飯,這才提醒了我。蝸牛當(dāng)然是道主菜。我并不喜歡這個(gè)主意,所以
我勉強(qiáng)跟著羅伯特走進(jìn)了起居室。使我們驚愕的是門(mén)廳里到處爬滿了蝸牛:它們從紙袋里逃
了出來(lái),爬得滿廳都是!從那以后,我再也不能看一眼蝸牛了。
Lesson27
Nothingtosell
andnothingtobuy
不賣(mài)也不買(mǎi)
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
Whatisthemostimportantthingforatramp?
Ithasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.Inthelightofthis
statement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdom
andpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasure
thevalueofmaterialgoodintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttoestimate
thetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Therearetimes
whenwewouldwillinglygiveeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives,yetwe
mightgrudgepayingasurgeonahighfeeforofferinguspreciselythisservice.
Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatskillshavetobepaidforinthesame
waythatgoodsarepaidforatashop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.
Trampsseemtobetheonlyexceptiontothisgeneralrule.Beggarsalmostsellthemselvesas
humanbeingtoarousethepityofpassers-by.Butrealtrampsarenotbeggars.Theyhavenothing
tosellandrequirenothingfromothers.Inseekingindependence,theydonotsacrificetheirhuman
dignity.Atrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.Hehas
deliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.Hemaynever
besurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom,buthisisfreefromthethousandsofanxietieswhich
afflictotherpeople.Hisfewmaterialpossessionsmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplaceto
placewithease.Byhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmost
ofuseverdo.Hemayhunt,beg,orsteadoccasionallytokeephimselfalive;hemayeven,in
timesofrealneed,doalittlework;buthewillneversacrificehisfreedom.Weoftenspeakofmy
even,intimesofrealneed,doalittlework;buthewillneversacrificehisfreedom.Weoften
speakoftrampswithcontemptandputtheminthesameclassasbeggars,buthowmanyofuscan
honestlysaythatwehavenotfeltalittleenviousoftheirsimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedom
fromcare?
Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)
philosopher
n.哲學(xué)家
wisdom
n.智慧
priest
n.牧師
spiritual
adj.精神上的
grudge
V.不愿給,舍不得給
surgeon
n.外科大夫
passer-by
n.過(guò)路人(復(fù)數(shù)passers-by)
dignity
n.尊嚴(yán)
deliberately
adv.故意地
consequence
n.后果,結(jié)果
afflict
V.使苦惱,折磨
ease
n.容易
nature
n.大自然
contempt
n.蔑視的
envious
adj.嫉妒的
參考譯文
據(jù)說(shuō)每個(gè)人都靠出售某種東西來(lái)維持生活。根據(jù)這種說(shuō)法,教師靠賣(mài)知識(shí)為生,
哲學(xué)家靠賣(mài)智慧為生,牧師靠賣(mài)精神安慰為生。雖然物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值可以用金錢(qián)
來(lái)衡量,但要估算別人為我們?yōu)樗峁┑姆?wù)的價(jià)值卻是極其困難的。有時(shí),我
們?yōu)榱送炀壬?,愿意付出我們所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫給我們提供了這
種服務(wù)后,我們卻可能為所支付的昂貴的費(fèi)用而抱怨。社會(huì)上的情況就是如此,
技術(shù)是必須付錢(qián)去買(mǎi)的,就像在商店里要花錢(qián)買(mǎi)商品一樣。人人都有東西可以出
售。
在這條普遍的規(guī)律前面,好像只有流浪漢是個(gè)例外,乞丐出售的幾乎是他本人,以引起過(guò)路
人的憐憫。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他們既不出售任何東西,也不需要從別人那兒得到任
何東西,在追求獨(dú)立自由的同時(shí),他們并不犧牲為人的尊嚴(yán)。游浪漢可能會(huì)向你討錢(qián),但他
從來(lái)不要你可憐他。他是故意在選擇過(guò)那種生活的,并完全清楚以這種方式生活的后果。他
可能從不知道下頓飯有無(wú)著落,但他不像有人那樣被千萬(wàn)樁愁事所折磨。他幾乎沒(méi)有什么財(cái)
產(chǎn),這使他能夠輕松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡覺(jué),他比我們中許多人都離大自
然近得多。為了生存,他可能會(huì)去打獵、乞討,偶爾偷上一兩回;確實(shí)需要的時(shí)候,他甚至
可能干一點(diǎn)兒活,但他決不會(huì)犧牲自由。說(shuō)起流浪漢,我們常常帶有輕蔑并把他們與乞丐歸
為一類(lèi)。但是,我們中有多少人能夠坦率地說(shuō)我們對(duì)流浪漢的簡(jiǎn)樸生活與無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的境況不
感到有些羨慕呢?
Lesson41
IllusionsofPastoralpeace
寧?kù)o田園生活的遐想
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Whatparticularanxietyspoilsthecountrydweller'svisittothetheatre?
Thequietlifeofthecountryahsneverappealedtome.Citybornandcitybred.
Ihavealwaysregardedthecountryassomethingyoulookatthroughatrain
window,orsomethingyouoccasionalvisitduringtheweekend.Mostofmy
friendsliveinthecity,yettheyalwaysgointorapturesatthemerementionof
thecountry.Thoughtheyextolthevirtuesofthepeacefullife,onlyoneofhem
hasevergonetoliveinthecountryandhewasbackintownwithinsixmonths.
Evenhestilllivesundertheillusionthatcountrylifeissomehowsuperiorto
townlife.Heisforevertalkingaboutthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere,
theclosenesstonatureandthegentlepaceofliving.Nothingcanbe
compared,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,
thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.Thisidyllic
pastoralsceneisonlypartofthepicture.Myfriendfailstomentionthelong
andfriendlesswintereveningsinfrontoftheTV-virtuallytheonlyformof
entertainment.Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,
oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothe
cityeverydaytogettowork.Whypeoplearepreparedtotolerateafour-hour
journeyeachdayforthedubiousprivilegeoflivinginthecountryisbeyondme.
Theycouldbesavedsomuchmiseryandexpenseiftheychosetoliveinthe
citywheretheyrightlybelong.
Ifyoucandowithoutthefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,youwillfindthecitycanprovide
youwiththebestthatlifecanoffer.Youneverhavetotravelmilestoseeyourfriends.They
invariablylienearbyandarealwaysavailableforaninformalchatoranevening'sentertainment.
Someofmyacquaintancesinthecountrycomeuptotownonceortwiceayeartovisitthetheatre
asaspecialtreat.Forthemthisisamajoroperationwhichinvolvesconsiderableplanning.Asthe
playdrawstoitsclose,theywonderwhethertheywillevercatchthatlasttrainhome.Thecit
dwellerneverexperiencesanxietiesofthissort.Thelatestexhibitions,films,orplaysareonlya
shortbusrideaway.Shopping,too,isalwaysapleasure.Thelatestexhibitions,films,orplaysare
onlyashortbusrideaway.Shopping,too,isalwaysapleasure.Thereissomuchvarietythatyou
neverhavetomakedowithsecondbest.Countrypeoplerunwildwhentheygoshoppinginthe
cityandstaggerhomeloadedwithasmanyoftheexoticitemsastheycancarry.Noristhecity
withoutitsmomentsofbeauty.Thereissomethingcomfortingaboutthewarmglowshedby
advertisementsoncoldwetwinternights.Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeace
thatdescendsondesertedcitystreetsatweekendswhenthethousandsthattraveltoworkevery
dayaretuckedawayintheirhomesinthecountry.Ithasalwaysbeenamysterytomewhocity
dwellers,whoappreciateallthesethings,obstinatelypretendthattheywouldprefertoliveinthe
country.
Newwordsandexpressions生?詞和短語(yǔ)
illusion
n.幻想,錯(cuò)覺(jué)
pastoral
adj.田園的
breed(bred,bred)
V.培育
rapture
n.欣喜
extol
V.贊美,頌揚(yáng)
superior
adj.優(yōu)越的
cockcrow
n,雞叫
v.(鳥(niǎo))吱吱叫,喊喊喳喳叫
glint
V.閃爍
pasture
n.牧場(chǎng)
idyllic
adj.田園詩(shī)的
virtually
adv.幾乎,差不多
dubious
adj.可疑的,懷疑的
privilege
n.特權(quán)
misery
n.苦難
acquaintance
n.熟人
treat
n.難得的樂(lè)事,享受
dweller
n.居住者
stagger
V.搖晃,蹣跚
exotic
adj,導(dǎo)乎尋常的,外來(lái)的
glow
n.白熾光
descend
V.縮進(jìn),隱藏
descend
V.縮進(jìn),隱藏
obstinately
adv.固執(zhí)地,頑固地
參考譯文
寧?kù)o的鄉(xiāng)村生活從來(lái)沒(méi)有吸引過(guò)我。我生在城市,長(zhǎng)在城市,總認(rèn)為鄉(xiāng)村是透過(guò)火車(chē)車(chē)窗看
到的那個(gè)樣了,或偶爾周末去游玩一下景象。我的許多朋友都住在城市,但他們只要一提起
鄉(xiāng)村,馬上就會(huì)變得欣喜若狂。盡管他們都交口稱(chēng)贊寧?kù)o的鄉(xiāng)村生活的種種優(yōu)點(diǎn),但其中只
有一個(gè)人真去農(nóng)村住過(guò),而且不足6個(gè)月就回來(lái)了。即使他也仍存有幻覺(jué),好像鄉(xiāng)村生活就
是比城市生活優(yōu)越。他滔滔不絕地大談?dòng)押玫霓r(nóng)民,潔凈的空氣,貼近大自然的環(huán)境和悠閑
的生活節(jié)奏。他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,凌晨雄雞第一聲啼叫,黎明時(shí)分小鳥(niǎo)吱喳歡叫,冉冉升起的朝陽(yáng)
染紅樹(shù)木、牧場(chǎng),此番美景無(wú)與倫比。但這種田園詩(shī)般的鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光僅僅是一個(gè)側(cè)面。我的朋
友沒(méi)有提到在電視機(jī)前度過(guò)的漫長(zhǎng)寂寞的冬夜——電視是唯一的娛樂(lè)形式。他也不說(shuō)商店貨
物品種單調(diào),以及那些每天不得不從鄉(xiāng)下趕到城里工作的不幸的人們。人們?yōu)槭裁辞樵该刻?/p>
在路上奔波4個(gè)小時(shí)去換取值得懷疑的鄉(xiāng)間的優(yōu)點(diǎn),我是無(wú)法理解的。要是他們?cè)敢庾≡诒?/p>
來(lái)屬于他們的城市,則可以讓他們省去諸多不便與節(jié)約大量開(kāi)支。
如果你愿舍棄鄉(xiāng)下生活那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)樂(lè)趣的話,那么你會(huì)發(fā)出城市可以為你提供生活
最美好的東西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好幾英里,因?yàn)樗麄兌甲≡诟浇汶S
時(shí)可以同他們聊天或在晚上一起娛樂(lè)。我在鄉(xiāng)村有一些熟人,他們每年進(jìn)城來(lái)看
一回或幾回戲,并把此看作一種特殊的享受??磻蛟谒麄兪羌笫?,需要精心計(jì)
劃。當(dāng)戲快演完時(shí),他們又為是否能趕上末班火車(chē)回家而犯愁。這種焦慮,城里
人是從未體驗(yàn)過(guò)的。坐公共汽車(chē)幾站路,就可看到最新的展覽、電影、戲劇。買(mǎi)
東西也是一種樂(lè)趣。物品種繁多,從來(lái)不必用二等品來(lái)湊合。鄉(xiāng)里人進(jìn)城采購(gòu)欣
喜若狂,每次回家時(shí)都買(mǎi)足了外來(lái)商品,直到拿不動(dòng)方才罷休,連走路都搖搖晃
晃的。城市也并非沒(méi)有良辰美景。寒冷潮濕的冬夜里,廣告燈箱發(fā)出的暖光,會(huì)
給人某種安慰。周末,當(dāng)成千上萬(wàn)進(jìn)城上班的人回到他們的鄉(xiāng)間寓所之后,空曠
的街市籠罩著一種寧?kù)o氣氛,沒(méi)有什么能比此時(shí)的寧?kù)o更令人難忘了。城里人對(duì)
這一切心里很明白,卻偏要執(zhí)拗地裝出他們喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)村的樣子,這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)一
直是個(gè)謎。
Lesson44
Speedandcomfort
又快捷又舒適
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Whichtypeoftransportdoesthewriterprefer,doyouthink?
Peopletravellinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywould
prefertogobyland,sea,orair.Hardlyanyonecanpositivelyenjoysittingina
trainformorethanafewhours.Traincompartmentssoongetcrampedand
stuffy.Itisalmostimpossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.Readingisonly
apartialsolution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherails
soonlullsyoutosleep.Duringtheday,sleepcomesinsnatches.Atnight,
whenyoureallywishtogotosleep,yourarelymanagetodoso.Ifyouare
luckyenoughtogetasleeper,youspendhalfthenightstaringatthesmall
bluelightintheceiling,orfumblingtofindyouticketforinspection.Inevitably
youarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.Longcarjourneysareeven
lesspleasant,foritisquiteimpossibleeventoread.Onmotorwaysyoucan,at
least,travelfairlysafelyathighspeeds,butmoreoftenthannot,thegreater
partofthejourneyisspentonroadswithfewservicestationsandtoomuch
traffic.Bycomparison,ferrytripsorcruisesofferagreatvarietyofcivilized
comforts.Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,meet
interestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood-alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thatthe
seaiscalm.Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetseasick,noformoftransport
couldbeworse.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealong
time.Relativelyfewpeoplearepreparedtosacrificeholidaytimeforthe
pleasureoftravllingbysea.
Aeroplaneshavethereputationofbeingdangerousandevenhardenedtravellersareintimidated
bythem.Theyalsohavethedisadvantageofbeinganexpensiveformoftransport.Butnothing
canmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.Travellingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,
andatover500milesanhourisanexhilaratingexperience.Youdonothavetodevisewaysof
takingyourmindoffthejourney,foranaeroplanegetsyoutoyourdestinationrapidly.Forafew
hours,yousettlebackinadeeparmchairtoenjoytheflight.Therealescapistcanwatchafilmand
sipchampagneonsomeservices.Butevenwhensuchrefinementsarenotavailable,thereis
plentytokeepyouoccupied.Anaeroplaneoffersyouanunusualandbreathtakingviewofthe
world.Yousoareffortlesslyoverhighmountainsanddeepvalleys.Youreallyseetheshapeofthe
land.Ifthelandscapeishiddenfromview,youcanenjoytheextraordinarysightofunbroken
cloudplainsthatstretchoutformilesbeforeyou,whilethesunshinesbrilliantlyinaclearsky.
Thejourneyissosmooththatthereisnothingtopreventyoufromreadingorsleeping.However
youdecidetospendyourtime,onethingiscertain:youwillarriveatyourdestinationfreshand
uncrumpled.Youwillnothavetospendthenextfewdaysrecoveringfromalongandarduous
journey.
Newwordsandexpressions生.詞和短語(yǔ)
positively
adv.絕對(duì)地,完全地
compartment
n.列車(chē)客車(chē)廂內(nèi)的分隔間(或單間)
cramped
adj.窄小的
stuffy
adj.憋氣的,悶氣的
monotonous
adj.枯燥的,乏味的
rhythm
n.有節(jié)奏的運(yùn)動(dòng)
click
V.發(fā)出咔噠聲
lull
v.催人欲睡
snatch
n.短時(shí),片段
sleeper
n.臥鋪
fumble
v.亂摸,摸索
inspection
n.檢查
inevitably
adv.必然地,不可避免地
destination
n.目的地
exhaust
V.使精疲力盡
motorway
n.快車(chē)道
ferry
n.渡船
cruise
n.巡游船
civilize
V.使文明
spacious
adj.寬敞的
seasick
adj.暈船的
intimidate
V.恐嚇,恫嚇
disadvantage
n.短處,缺點(diǎn)
exhilarating
adj.使人局興的,令人興奮的
escapist
n.逍遙者
sip
V.呷,啜
champagne
n.香檳灑
refinement
n.精心的安排
breathtaking
adj.激動(dòng)人心的;不尋常的
soar
V.高飛,翱翔
effortlessly
adv.不費(fèi)力地
landscape
n.景色
fresh
adj.精神飽滿的
uncrumpled
adj.沒(méi)有垮下來(lái)
參考譯文
出遠(yuǎn)門(mén)的人常常需要決定是走旱路、水路,還是坐飛機(jī)。很少有人能夠真正喜歡
坐幾個(gè)小時(shí)以上的火車(chē)。車(chē)廂很快就變得擁擠、悶熱,想擺脫開(kāi)旅途的困擾是很
難的??磿?shū)只能解決部分問(wèn)題。車(chē)輪與鐵軌間單調(diào)的嘎喳聲很快就會(huì)送你進(jìn)入夢(mèng)
鄉(xiāng)。白天是忽睡忽醒,到了夜晚,你真想睡了,卻很難入睡。即使你走運(yùn)弄到一
個(gè)臥鋪,夜間有一半時(shí)間你會(huì)盯著車(chē)頂那盞小藍(lán)燈而睡不著覺(jué);要不然就為查票
摸索你的車(chē)票。一旦抵達(dá)目的地,你總是疲憊不堪。乘汽車(chē)作長(zhǎng)途旅行則更加不
舒服,因?yàn)檫B看書(shū)都幾乎不可能。在公路上還好,你至少能以相當(dāng)快的速度安全
地向前行。但旅行的大部分時(shí)間都花在路上,而且只有很少的服務(wù)設(shè)施,交通也
很擁擠。相比之下,坐船旅行或環(huán)游可以得到文明世界的各種享受。你可以在甲
板上伸展四肢、做游戲,還能也很見(jiàn)到各種有趣的人,能享用各種美味佳肴——
當(dāng)然,這一切只有在大海風(fēng)平浪靜的情況下才有可能。如果大海肆虐起來(lái),你就
可能暈船,那種難受勁兒是任何一種別的旅行的方式都不會(huì)帶來(lái)的。即使風(fēng)平浪
靜,坐船旅行也要占用很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。沒(méi)有多少人會(huì)為享受坐船旅行的樂(lè)趣而犧牲假
期的時(shí)間。
飛機(jī)以危險(xiǎn)而著稱(chēng),連老資格的旅行者也怕飛機(jī)。飛機(jī)另一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是昂貴。但就速度與舒適
而言,飛機(jī)是無(wú)與倫比的。騰云駕霧,在30,000英尺高空以500英里的時(shí)速旅行,這種
經(jīng)歷令人心曠神怡。你不必想辦法去擺脫旅途的困擾,因?yàn)轱w機(jī)會(huì)迅速地把你送到目的地。
幾小時(shí)之內(nèi),你躺在扶手椅上,享受著旅途的歡樂(lè)。真正會(huì)享受的人還可以在某些航班上看
一場(chǎng)電影和喝香檳。即使沒(méi)有這些消遣條件,也總是有事可做。飛機(jī)上,你可以觀察世界上
非同尋常的奇妙的美景。你毫不費(fèi)勁地飛越高山幽谷,你確能飽覽大地的風(fēng)貌。如果這種景
色被遮住了,你可以觀賞一下展現(xiàn)在你面前的、一望數(shù)英里的、連綿不斷的云海,同時(shí)陽(yáng)光
燦爛,天空清澈明朗。旅途平穩(wěn),絲毫不妨礙你閱讀或睡眠。不管你打算如何消磨時(shí)間,有
件事是可以肯定的,即當(dāng)你抵達(dá)目的地時(shí),你感到精神煥發(fā),毫無(wú)倦意,用不著因?yàn)槁L(zhǎng)的
旅途的辛苦而花幾天時(shí)間休息來(lái)恢復(fù)精神。
Lesson50
NewYearresolutions
新年的決心
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
聽(tīng)錄音,然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
Whatmarkedtheendofthewriter'sNewYearresolutions?
TheNewYearisatimeforresolutions.Mentally,atleast,mostofuscould
compileformidablelistsof'dos'and'don'ts'.Thesameoldfavoritesrecuryear
inyearoutwithmonotonousregularity.Weresolvetogetupearliereach
morning,eatless,findmoretimetoplaywiththechildren,doathousandand
onejobsaboutthehouse,benicetopeoplewedon't'like,drivecarefully,and
takethedogforawalkeveryday.Pastexperiencehastaughtusthatcertain
accomplishmentsarebeyondattainment.Ifweremaininveteratesmokers,itis
onlybecausewehavesooftenexperiencedthefrustrationthatresultsfrom
failure.Mostofusfailinoureffortsatself-improvementbecauseourschemes
aretooambitiousandweneverhavetimetocarrythemout.Wealsomakethe
fundamentalerrorofannouncingourresolutionstoeverybodysothatwelook
evenmorefoolishwhenweslipbackintoourbadoldways.Awareofthese
pitfalls,thisyearIattemptedtokeepmyresolutionstomyself.Ilimitedmyself
totwomodestambitions:todophysicalexerciseeverymorningandtoread
moreofanevening.Anall-nightpartyonNewYear'sEveprovidedmewitha
goodexcusefornotcarryingouteitherofthesenewresolutionsonthefirstday
oftheyear,butonthesecond,Iappliedmyselfassiduouslytothetask.
ThedailyexerciseslastedonlyelevenminutesandIproposedtodothemearlyinthemorning
beforeanyonehadgotup.Theself-disciplinerequiredtodragmyselfoutofbedelevenminutes
earlierthanu
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