人教版高中英語必修一unit1語法講練

Grammarl.DirectSpeechandlndirectSpeech主句動詞的變化一般來說，主句謂語動詞常為saidorsaidto,變?yōu)殚g接引語時，當直接引語是陳述句時，said-變Tsaid(that),butsaidto—Ttoldsb.。當直接引語是一般疑問句時，則變?yōu)閍sked/askedsb.+if/whether當直接引語是特殊疑問句時，則變?yōu)閍skedsb.+what等特殊疑問詞引導的句子(疑問詞后的句子為陳述句式)Mr.Blacksaid,“I'mbusy.”TMr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.“I'llgotoyourfarmtomorrow,”hesaidtoher.THetoldherthathewouldgotoherfarmthenextday.Hesaid,“Areyouready?”THeasked(us)ifwewereready.Hesaid,“Whatdoyouwanttodo?”THeaskedwhatIwantedtodo.如何變句型：直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。E.g..Shesaid,"Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes."—Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或訐引導的賓語從句.E.g.Hesaid,"Canyouswim,John?"—HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim."Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven'tyou?"mymotherasked.—MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework."Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"—HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引語如果是特殊業(yè)，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序)。Sheaskedme,"Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?"—Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為"tell(ask,order,advise,invite等)sb(not)todosth."句型。e.g.."Don'tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.—Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.—Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.直接引語如果是以“Let's”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest+動句詞(或從句)?！眅.g..Hesaid,"Let'sgotothefilm."—Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.如何變人稱由直接引語變間接引語時，從句的主語人稱要遵循一主、二賓、三不變的原則。①直接引語的主語是第一人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時要和主句的主語保持一致。如果直接引語的主語是第二人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時要與主句的賓語保持一致。如果直接引語的主語是第三人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時，人稱不變。E.g..①Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.”—Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”—SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”—Hismothertoldmethathecouldn'tgotoschool.如何變時態(tài)：(1.)直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，如果主句中的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，則間接引語從句的時態(tài)保持不變。E.g..Hesays,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”—Hesaysthathehasfinishedhishomework.Shewillsay,“I'lldoittomorrow.”—Shewillsaythatshe'lldoitthenextday.(2.)如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，從句的時態(tài)則應是與主句時態(tài)相應的過去時態(tài)。直接引語間接引語各種現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時各種過去時一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成進仃時(或不變)過去完成時(不變)將來時一般將來時Is(are)+不定式過去將來時Was(were)+不定式E.g..1.Thegirlsaid,“I'msorryforbeinglateforclass.”—Thegirlsaidthatshewassorryforbeinglateforclass.2.Hesaidtome,“Iamwritingaletter.”—Hetoldmethathewaswritingaletter.(3)?直接引語如果是客觀事實或真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句時態(tài)不變。E.g..Theteachersaid,“Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”—Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.四、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化DirectspeechIndirectspeech指示代詞thisthatthesethose時間狀語NowTodayThismorning(week,Thenthatdaythatmorning(week,month,month,etc)etc)YesterdaythedaybeforeThreedaysagothreedaysThedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforeLastweek(month,year)theweek(month,year)beforeTomorrowthenext(following)dayThedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter(intwodays'time)Nextweek(month,year)thenext/followingweek(month,year)地點狀語herethere動詞ComeGoBringTakeNote:表中這些變化，要根據(jù)具體時間和具體地點的情況而定，不可機械照搬。如果就在當?shù)剞D述，here就不必改為there,come也不必改為go,如果就在當天轉述，yesterdayortomorrow等時間狀語也不必改變。E.g..Shesaid,“I'llwaitforyouheretonight,Jane.”ShetoldJanethatshewouldwaitforhimheretonight.E.g..(1)Hesaid,“Nowitisyourturn.->Hesaidthatthenitwasmyturn.Hesaid,“Ishallcomebacknextweek.”->Hesaidthathewouldcomebackthenextweek.Shesaid,“Iwillcomeherethisafternoon.”->Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatafternoon.ExerciseforDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(I)()1.TomaskedJack.whyhewassoexcitedB.whywashesoexcitedC.whyishesoexcitedD.whyheissoexcited()2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.—Heaskedme.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilmC.訐IhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm()3.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.—Hemethewindow.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose()4.“Iamateacher,”Jacksaid.—Hesaid.A.thatIamateacherB.IwasateacherC.thatheisateacherD.hewasateacher()5.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”—Heverynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas()6.“You'vealreadygotwell,haven'tyou?”sheasked.—Sheasked.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn'tyouwhetherIhadalreadygotwellhaveIalreadygotwellhadIalreadygotwell.()7.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”—Heaskedme.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberwhetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.()8.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”—Heasked.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong()9.Heaskedmewithme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.what'sthematterD.whatwasthematter()10.Hesaid,“Don'tdothatagain.”THe—__methatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don'tdoC.toldme;don'tdoD.toldme;nottodo()11.Whenwillhegofishing?TOC\o"1-5"\h\z->Doyouknow?A.whenwillhegofishingB.whenhegofishingC.whenhewillgofishingD.whendoeshegofishing()12.Theteacheraskedme.A.thatIhadfinishedmyhomewo