2022-2023學(xué)年寧夏吳忠中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第三次月考英語(yǔ)試題

吳忠中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三年級(jí)第三次月考英語(yǔ)試題(時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分)第一部分：聽(tīng)力理解(共兩節(jié)滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$70.B.S35.C.$17.5.2.Whowillprobablygoswimmingthisafternoon?A.JerryandAnna.B.JerryandTom.C.AnnaandTom.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherjob?A.TiredB.Pleased.C.Worried.4.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inabakery.C.Inasupermarket.5.WhatisJanelikelytodotomorrow?A.Lookafterapet.B.Gototheman’shouse.C.Goonabusinesstrip.第二節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Toreturnabook.B.Toborrowabook.C.Tochangeabook.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gotoanotherplace.B.Waitforacall.C.Checkonthecomputer.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwasthewomandoingbeforetheconversation?A.Rentingacar.B.Withdrawingmoney.C.Drivingacar.9.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheredcar?A.Itsseats.BItsprice.CItscolor10Whatdoesthewomanwanttodonext?A.Bargainovertheprice.B.Lookatothercars.C.Findanothershop.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Theman’sfriend.B.Ahairdresser.C.Theman’smanager12.Whatisthemangoingtodothisafternoon?A.Deliveraspeech.B.HaveapartyC.Lookforajob13.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Verysorry.B.Abitexcited.C.Prettyangry.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.AcoupleB.Businesspartners.C.Fellowworkers15.Whatelsedoesthewomanneedtodo?A.Answeremails.B.Writereports.C.Makephonecalls.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Bringheracupofcoffee.B.Driveherhome.C.Treathertosupper.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhenistheUnitedNationsChineseLanguageDay?A.OnApril27th.B.OnApril25th.C.OnApril20th.18.HowdidtheUNOfficecelebratetheevent?A.Itorganizedavideofestival.B.Itmade34videos.C.IttoldstoriesaboutChina.19.WhereM.YousafM.Yousafcomefrom?A.France.B.Pakistan.C.Italy.20.WhatisimportantinlearningChineseaccordingtoYerdana?A.LearningthemindofChinesepeople.B.WatchingChinesevideos.C.Usingimagination第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的(A、B、C和D)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheBestPhotographyConteststoEnterMoscowInternationalFotoAwardsDeadline:April30,2023Prize:ThePhotographeroftheYeartitlealongwitha$3,000prizeTherearenine:categoriesforyoutoenter.Theentryexpensesvaryaccordingtothelevelofproficiency,andstudentscanenteratareducedprice.Hereyoucanhandinuptotwentyimages.whichcanbeindividualimagesorphotoseriesineithercategory.MonochromePhotographyAwardsDeadline:November13,2022There’rethirteencategoriestoenter,rangingacrosslandscapes,fashionandabstractphotography.Ifyou’reinthetopthreeofanyofthem,youwillgetacertificateandanexhibitionof-yourwork.Eachimagecosts$15.Theonlyruleisthattheimagehastobeblackandwhite.Prize:$2,000,certificateandexhibitionWorldPressPhotographyAwardsDeadline:January13,2023Prize:$5,000foreachcategoryThere’reeightcategoriesforyoutoenter.Eachoftheseisaimingtofindthebestvisualjournalistinthatparticularfield.Everycategoryisjudgedbythreephotographersspecializinginthatarea.Thecompetitiondefinitelycapturestherealityofourworld.Ifyou’reapressphotographerandfeellikeyou’reexcellentatcapturingimportantcontemporarytopics,thiscontestisforyou.BigPictureNaturalWorldPhotographyAwardsDeadline:March3,2023Prize:Eachcategorywinnerreceives$1,000Thecontestacceptsnature,wildlifeandprotectionimagesfromallaroundtheworld,organizedintosevencategories.Sealife,wildanimals,andhumans’interactionwithnatureareespeciallywelcome.Youcanhandinupto10singleimagesfor$25,or4-6imagesinthePhotoStorycategoryfor$10.1.WhatisspecialaboutMoscowInternationalFotoAwards?A.Itonlyacceptscolorimages.B.Ithasthebiggestnumberofcategories.C.Therearediscountsforstudents.D.Participantshavetohandin20images.2.Whichcontestbestsuitsaphotographerworkingforanewspaper?A.MoscowInternationalFotoAwards.B.MonochromePhotographyAwards.C.WorldPressPhotographyAwards.D.BigPictureNaturalWorldPhotographyAwards.3.WhichimageismostsuitableforBigPictureNaturalWorldPhotographyAwards?A.Anewstart.B.Meetthemuse.C.Timeschange.D.Atonewithnature.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)攝影比賽的情況，介紹了每個(gè)比賽的截止日期、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置以及題材要求等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoscowInternationalFotoAwards部分中“Theentryexpensesvaryaccordingtothelevelofproficiency,andstudentscanenteratareducedprice.(報(bào)名費(fèi)根據(jù)熟練程度的不同而有所不同，學(xué)生可以以較低的價(jià)格報(bào)名)”可知，MoscowInternationalFotoAwards的特別之處是對(duì)學(xué)生有折扣。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WorldPressPhotographyAwards部分中“Ifyou’reapressphotographerandfeellikeyou’reexcellentatcapturingimportantcontemporarytopics,thiscontestisforyou.(如果你是一名新聞攝影師，并且覺(jué)得自己非常擅長(zhǎng)捕捉重要的當(dāng)代話題，那么這個(gè)比賽就是為你準(zhǔn)備的)”可知，WorldPressPhotographyAwards最適合為報(bào)社工作的攝影師。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BigPicturePhotographyAwards部分中“Thecontestacceptsnature,wildlifeandprotectionimagesfromallaroundtheworld,organizedintosevencategories.Sealife,wildanimals,andhumans’interactionwithnatureareespeciallywelcome.(該比賽接受來(lái)自世界各地的自然、野生動(dòng)物和保護(hù)照片，分為七個(gè)類(lèi)別。特別歡迎海洋生物、野生動(dòng)物以及人類(lèi)與自然的互動(dòng)類(lèi)型)”可知，D選項(xiàng)“與自然融為一體”最適合參加BigPicturePhotographyAwards。故選D。BBothofmyparentsworkedfull-timewhenIwasalittlegirl，somygrandmotherwouldstayatourhouseduringtheday.Wewouldwatchgameshowsinthelivingroom.OurfavoritewasThePriceIsRight.Wewouldcalloutouranswersalongwiththecontestants.WhenIgotolderandstartedgoingtoschool，wecouldn’twatchourgameshowsregularly.Thatwasokaywithme，though，becausetheonethingIlikedbetterthanwatchinggameshowswithmygrandmotherwashelpingherbakecakes.Watchingherinthekitchenwasamazing：sheneverseemedtoneedtherecipes（食譜）buteverythingshemadetasteddelicious.AtfirstIwouldjustsitinthekitchenandwatch，eventhoughIdidn’tunderstandwhatshewasdoing.AsIgotolder，sheletmehelpwiththeeasyparts，suchasmeasuringthesugar.Thedaysheletmeseparatetheeggs，IfeltlikeIhadfoundcompletepleasure.Atlast，myparentsdecidedthatIcouldtakecareofmyself，andmygrandmotherstoppedcomingovereveryday.Theloveofbaking，however，stayedwithme.Istartedbakingbymyself，andevenifthecookiesendedupburntsometimes，moreoftentheyturnedoutprettywell.Itriedoutnewrecipes，andwheneverIgottoathornypart，Iwouldcallmygrandmotherforadvice.SometimesIwouldcallherjusttotalktoo.IfeltlikeIcouldtalktoheraboutanything.Mygrandmotherpassedawaytenyearsago，butIstillthinkofhereveryday.Lastweek，Ifoundarecipebookshemadeforme.Itincludedherrecipesforbrownies，cookies，andmyfavorite，lemonpie.AsIlookedthroughthepages，IthoughtIcouldhearhervoice.Shewastheonewhotaughtmenotjustaboutbaking，butaboutlife.4.Thepassageismainlydevelopedby.A.analyzingcauses B.makingcomparisonsC.followingthetimeorder D.examiningdifferences5.Whilehelpinghergrandmotherbake，theauthor.A.founditinteresting B.turnedouttobeatroublemakerC.hopedtomakealivingbybaking D.regrettedmissingthegameshows6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thorny”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Basic. B.Common.C.Special. D.Difficult.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todescribeherchildhoodmemories. B.Toshowhergoodbakingskills.C.Torememberhergrandmother. D.Totalkaboutherhappyfamilylife.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者回憶小時(shí)候和奶奶一起烘焙的故事和對(duì)奶奶的思念之情?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)每一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如第一段“whenIwasalittlegirl”，第二段“WhenIgotolderandstartedgoingtoschool”，第四段“Atlast，myparentsdecidedthatIcouldtakecareofmyself”，第五段“Mygrandmotherpassedawaytenyearsago”?？芍恼率前凑諘r(shí)間順序展開(kāi)的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thedaysheletmeseparatetheeggs，IfeltlikeIhadfoundcompletepleasure.”（她讓我?guī)兔Ψ蛛x雞蛋那天，我感覺(jué)好像找到了極大的快樂(lè)。）可知在幫助祖母烘焙的過(guò)程中，作者覺(jué)得是有趣的。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Itriedoutnewrecipes，andwheneverIgottoathornypart，Iwouldcallmygrandmotherforadvice.”（我試驗(yàn)新的食譜，無(wú)論何時(shí)我遇到困難的部分，我都會(huì)給奶奶打電話尋求建議。）可知，我給奶奶打電話尋求建議和幫助，說(shuō)明我遇到了困難。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。本篇文章主要描述了作者從小到大和奶奶一起烘培的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，表達(dá)對(duì)奶奶的思念之情。說(shuō)明作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是紀(jì)念奶奶。故選C。COverthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving,aswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted（分心）drivingwas"onlyincreasing,unfortunately.""Bigchangerequiresbigideas."hesaidinaspeechlastmonth,referringbroadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws."Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate's2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone."8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers'textingintheUS?A.Ineffective. B.Unnecessary.C.Inconsistent. D.Unfair.9.WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpapoliceofficerfindout?A.Whereadrivercamefrom. B.Whetheradriverusedtheirphone.C.Howfastadriverwasgoing. D.Whenadriverarrivedatthescene.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ToDriveorNottoDrive?ThinkBeforeYouStartB.TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzerC.NewYorkBanningHand-HeldDevicesbyDrivers.D.TheNextGenerationCellPhone:TheTextalyzer-【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文一篇說(shuō)明文。為解決司機(jī)在開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)使用手機(jī)造成“分神”，引發(fā)交通事故的問(wèn)題，紐約的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信監(jiān)控器）的技術(shù)來(lái)監(jiān)控司機(jī)在開(kāi)車(chē)的時(shí)候是否使用了手機(jī)。8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.”（在過(guò)去的七年里，大多數(shù)州都禁止司機(jī)發(fā)短信，公共服務(wù)活動(dòng)也嘗試了各種各樣的方法來(lái)說(shuō)服人們?cè)陂_(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)放下手機(jī)。）以及第二段中“Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.”（然而，無(wú)論以何種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量，這個(gè)問(wèn)題似乎都在惡化。）可知，大多數(shù)州使用了各種各樣的方法說(shuō)服司機(jī)們?cè)陂_(kāi)車(chē)的時(shí)候放下手機(jī)，可是情況卻越來(lái)越糟糕。所以各種方法是無(wú)效的。A選項(xiàng)ineffective意為“無(wú)效的”，與此相符。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws.”（這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以確定司機(jī)是否發(fā)了短信、發(fā)了郵件，或者做了紐約免提駕駛法不允許的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能夠確定的是司機(jī)是否使用了手機(jī)發(fā)短信、郵件以及其他駕駛法不允許的行為。B選項(xiàng)意為“是否司機(jī)使用了手機(jī)?！迸c此相符，故選B。【10題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)句中的“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior.”（我們需要一些能改變?nèi)藗冃袨榈臇|西，）可知，something是能夠改變?nèi)藗兊男袨榈氖虑?。根?jù)下文的“IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”（他說(shuō)，如果Textalyzer法案成為法律，“人們會(huì)更害怕拿起手機(jī)。）可知，人們的行為會(huì)改變的條件是當(dāng)Textalyzer法案成為法律。受到法律的約束和懲罰，司機(jī)們才不會(huì)在開(kāi)車(chē)的時(shí)候使用手機(jī)。故something指代的是法律。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題?？v觀全文，第一段和第二段闡述的是“雖然大多數(shù)州已經(jīng)嘗試了各種各樣的方法來(lái)說(shuō)服人們?cè)陂_(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)放下手機(jī)?？墒菃?wèn)題卻越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重”。第三段中“Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore.”（部分原因是開(kāi)車(chē)的人越來(lái)越多）可知，解釋了該行為產(chǎn)生的部分原因。第四段至第五段講述的是為了解決該問(wèn)題是紐約立法者提出了一個(gè)新的想法即利用Textalyzer技術(shù)，來(lái)監(jiān)控司機(jī)在開(kāi)車(chē)的時(shí)候是否使用了手機(jī)。最后一段講述的是：相關(guān)人士呼吁該項(xiàng)技術(shù)能夠成為真正的法案由此才能真正地改變?nèi)藗兊男袨椤９蔅選項(xiàng)TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzer（發(fā)短信還是在開(kāi)車(chē)？防范短信監(jiān)控器。）適合文章的標(biāo)題。故選B。DArecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”UsingpublicdatafromsourcesliketheBureauofLaborStatisticsandtheWorldHealthOrganization,theresearcherswereabletoanalyzedatasetsandsurveyresponsesfrompeoplewhohadsharedtheirdailyhabits,schedulesandinteractions.Theynoticedaclearrelationshipbetweenrelationaldiversityandoveralllevelsofsatisfaction.HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,thatsgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.Havingasupportsystemisimportant,butitgoesbeyondyourinnercircle.“Itsaboutthismix.Itsaboutconnectingwithpeoplewhoareclosetoyou,whoaremaybelessclosetoyou,whoconnectyouwithotherpeople,whoprovidedifferentkindsofsupport,”shesaid.“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio(社交檔案),thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.”Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthecoffeeshop,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialtoyourwell-being.12.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheterm“relationaldiversity”?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Bygivingdefinitionsandexamples. D.Bydescribingtheprocess.13.Whoisthehappiestaccordingtothestudy?A.Apersonwhointeractsmostwithhisfamilymembers.B.Apersonwhocommunicatesfrequentlywithhisfriends.C.Apersonwhoseldomstrikesupconversationswithstrangers.D.Apersonwhohaseverconversationswithmanydifferentpeople.14.Whichofthestatementsaboutthestudyistrue?A.Researcherscameupwithanewconcept.B.Itshowsthatasupportsystemisnotnecessary.C.Researcherscollecteddatabyconductingexperiments.D.ItwasledbyadoctoralstudentfromHarvardBusinessSchool.15.Whatisthewritersattitudetowardstheresultofthestudy?A.Neutral. B.Skeptical.C.Opposed. D.Approving.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。研究人員分析了美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局和世界衛(wèi)生組織等來(lái)源的公開(kāi)數(shù)據(jù)，并調(diào)查了被調(diào)查者所分享的日常習(xí)慣、日程安排和互動(dòng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福和社會(huì)關(guān)系多樣性之間存在聯(lián)系，所以作者鼓勵(lì)大家要多和陌生人交流?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.(該研究的合著者、哈佛商學(xué)院的博士生漢娜·柯林斯說(shuō)，人際關(guān)系的多樣性由兩個(gè)因素組成：豐富性和均勻性)”，第四段“Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.(豐富度衡量的是關(guān)系類(lèi)別，也就是你每天與多少種人打交道。可能是你的戀人、家庭成員、鄰居或陌生人)”，第五段“Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,thatsgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.(均勻性與這些不同關(guān)系類(lèi)別之間的對(duì)話的分布有關(guān)。有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在工作中與同事的交流比與家人的交流更多。“如果你和同事聊幾句，和朋友聊幾句，和戀人聊幾句，或者和陌生人聊幾句，這些類(lèi)別的情況會(huì)更平均，”柯林斯解釋說(shuō))”可推知，作者對(duì)“人際關(guān)系的多樣性”作了定義，并舉例說(shuō)明其豐富性和均勻性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.(豐富度衡量的是關(guān)系類(lèi)別，也就是你每天與多少種人打交道?？赡苁悄愕膽偃?、家庭成員、鄰居或陌生人?！八麄円惶熘姓?wù)摰年P(guān)系類(lèi)別越多，而且談話跨越這些類(lèi)別的次數(shù)越多，他們就越快樂(lè)。我們?cè)谠S多國(guó)家的大樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一點(diǎn)，”柯林斯說(shuō))”可推知，研究表明，一個(gè)與許多不同的人交談過(guò)的人是最幸福的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Arecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”(一組研究人員最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幸福和一個(gè)研究人員創(chuàng)造的術(shù)語(yǔ)“關(guān)系多樣性”之間存在聯(lián)系)”可知，這個(gè)研究組在研究中，創(chuàng)造了新詞relationaldiversity；第六段的第一句“Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.(最終，柯林斯說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)研究讓人們深刻認(rèn)識(shí)到，人類(lèi)本質(zhì)上是社會(huì)生物)”以及最后一句“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio(社交檔案),thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.(從本質(zhì)上講，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是你的社交檔案越多樣化，你就越快樂(lè)，你的幸福感就越高)”可知，研究人員提出了一個(gè)新的概念：幸福和社會(huì)關(guān)系多樣性之間存在聯(lián)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthecoffeeshop,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialtoyourwell-being.(下次當(dāng)你想在雜貨店排隊(duì)或在咖啡店等的時(shí)候和陌生人搭訕時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住這可能對(duì)你的幸福有益)”可知，作者認(rèn)同這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果，鼓勵(lì)大家多和陌生人交談，增加幸福感。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：補(bǔ)全短文(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyisEatingColourfulFoodGoodforYou?Mostofusarefacedwiththesamechoicenumeroustimesaday:whattoeat.Alongwithprice,accessibilityandpreference,we’lloftenuseafood’shealthfulnesstohelpusmakeadecision.____16____It’swidelyacceptedbyresearchersthatweneedavarieddiet.____17____TheproofmaybeintheMediterraneandiet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,vegetablesandhealthyfatssuchasextravirginoliveoil,andisfrequentlyratedthehealthiestdietbyscientists.Eatinglotsofcoloursmayloweryourriskofmissingoutonallvitalnutrients.“Ifweremissingacolouroftherainbow,wemaybemissingafunctionofthatfood,”saysMinich.Thisisbecauseplantfoodscontainthousandsofnaturalcompounds,whichhaveanti-inflammatory(抗炎的)benefits.____18____Blueandpurplefoods,includingblueberries,haveahighcontentoftheplantanthocyanin(花青素),whichhasbeenlinkedtoloweringtheriskofheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes.Flavones(黃酮),whichgivefoodsayellowcolour,mayreducetheriskofheartdisease.ResearchfollowatHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealth,sayseatingacolourfuldietcanalsohelppeopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoomuchofonefood.“____19____Forexample,researchhasfoundthatorangejuiceisassociatedwithalowerriskofcognitivedecline,buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetes,”shesays.Although,thisisbecauseofitssugarcontent,notflavones.Eatingarainbowdietmayalsobecomplex.____20____Wecouldtieourselvesinknots.Wealsoneedtoeatfromotherfoodgroupstogetallthenutrientsweneed,suchasprotein.A.Foodisverycomplex.B.Avarieddietispackedwithdifferentvegetables.C.Itcouldbereallytrickytogeteverycoloureveryday.D.Buthowdoweknowwe’regettingenoughnutrients?E.Differentcolouredfoodscomewithdifferentbenefits.F.However,iscolourthebestguidetogettingallthenutrients?G.Andonewaytodothisisbyeatingallthecoloursoftherainbow.【答案】16.D17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了為什么吃五顏六色的食物對(duì)我們的健康有益。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Mostofusarefacedwiththesamechoicenumeroustimesaday:whattoeat.Alongwithprice,accessibilityandpreference,we’lloftenuseafood’shealthfulnesstohelpusmakeadecision.”(我們每天都面臨吃什么的選擇。除了價(jià)格，是否容易獲得，以及個(gè)人喜好外，我們通常會(huì)根據(jù)食物是否健康有益來(lái)選擇。)可知，接下來(lái)作者要介紹如何選擇食物。選項(xiàng)D“但是，我們?nèi)绾沃牢覀儷@取了足夠的營(yíng)養(yǎng)呢？”和上文意思一致。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’swidelyacceptedbyresearchersthatweneedavarieddiet.”(研究者們認(rèn)為我們需要各種各樣的飲食。)可知，這一段指出，我們需要豐富多元的飲食。選項(xiàng)G“做到這的一個(gè)方法是通過(guò)吃彩虹顏色的食物?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。G項(xiàng)中的this指代了本段第一句中的avarieddiet，實(shí)現(xiàn)了照應(yīng)，而空后句中的proof也照應(yīng)了本空中提出的一種方案。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Blueandpurplefoods,includingblueberries,haveahighcontentoftheplantanthocyanin(花青素),whichhasbeenlinkedtoloweringtheriskofheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes.Flavones(黃酮),whichgivefoodsayellowcolour,mayreducetheriskofheartdisease.”(藍(lán)色和紫色的食物，包括藍(lán)莓，含有大量的植物花青素，花青素可以降低患心臟病和2型糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。黃酮類(lèi)化合物使食物呈現(xiàn)黃色，可降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)可知，本段列舉了藍(lán)色、紫色和黃色食物如何對(duì)人體有益的例子，故本段的主題句應(yīng)該陳述不同顏色的食物對(duì)人體有不同的好處。選項(xiàng)E“不同顏色的食物有不同的好處?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Forexample,researchhasfoundthatorangejuiceisassociatedwithalowerriskofcognitivedecline,buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetes,”shesays.Although,thisisbecauseofitssugarcontent,notflavones.”(例如，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，橙汁與認(rèn)知能力下降的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低有關(guān)，但攝入過(guò)多與2型糖尿病有關(guān),”她說(shuō)。雖然，這是因?yàn)樗奶呛?，而不是黃酮。)可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，橙汁可以降低認(rèn)知能力下降的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但是攝入太多會(huì)導(dǎo)致二型糖尿病。這說(shuō)明我們不能用一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量食物。選項(xiàng)A“食物是非常復(fù)雜的?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Eatingarainbowdietmayalsobecomplex.”(彩虹飲食是復(fù)雜的。)和下文“Wealsoneedtoeatfromotherfoodgroupstogetallthenutrientsweneed,suchasprotein.”(我們還需要從其他食物類(lèi)別中攝取所需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)素，比如蛋白質(zhì)。)可知，每天吃遍每一種顏色的食物也是很難辦到的，而且要攝取其他食物中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。選項(xiàng)C“要每天都弄到每一種顏色的食物可能很困難?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xC。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorchallengedustogettoknowsomeonewehadn’talreadyknown.Istooduptolookaroundwhenagentlehand___21___myshoulder.Iturnedaroundtofinda___22___littleelderlyladywithasmilethat___23___herentireexistence.Shesaid,“MynameisRose.I’meighty-sevenyearsold.CanIgiveyoua___24___?”Ilaughedand___25___responded.“Ofcourseyoumay!”Andshegavemeagianthug.Iwaswonderingwhatmighthave___26___hertobetakingonthischallengeatherage.“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mheretogetone!”shetoldme.Webecame___27___friends.Everydayforthenextthreemonthswewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstop.Iwasalways___28___tolisteningtothis“timemachine”asshesharedher___29___andwisdomwithme.Overthecourseoftheyear,Rosebecameacampussymbolandshe____30____madefriendswherevershewent.Shelovedtodressupandshewasdelightedtobecomethe____31____ofattention.Shewaslivingherlifetothe____32____.Attheendoftheterm,shewasinvitedto____33____aspeechinwhichI’dneverforgetwhatshetaughtus.Sheclearedher____34____andbegan.“Wecannotstoplearningbecauseweare____35____;wegrowoldbecausewestoplearning.Thereisahuge____36____betweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn’ttakeany____37____orability.Butgrowingupneedstoalwaysfindopportunitiesinconstantchangeswithout____38____.Peoplewhofeargrowingoldarethosewithregrets.”shesaid.Intheend.she____39____herspeechbycourageouslysinging"TheRose".Attheyear’send.Rosefinishedthecollegedegreeshehadwishedallthoseyears.Oneweekafter____40____,Rosepassedawaypeacefullyinhersleep.21.A.touched B.pressed C.caught D.approached22.A.messy B.wrinkled C.forgetful D.clumsy23.A.tookaway B.showedoff C.brokeup D.litup24.A.chance B.gift C.hug D.surprise25.A.slightly B.warmly C.suddenly D.officially26.A.forced B.motivated C.required D.advised27.A.close B.equal C.generous D.strange28.A.scared B.forced C.blessed D.attracted29.A.experience B.pains C.possessions D.burden30.A.slowly B.simply C.easily D.totally31.A.praise B.impression C.focus D.harmony32.A.healthiest B.fullest C.noisiest D.longest33.A.prepare B.deliver C.draft D.discuss34.A.record B.information C.hand D.throat35.A.old B.curious C.ordinary D.responsible36.A.outcome B.outline C.structure D.difference37.A.money B.chance C.talent D.time38.A.excuses B.targets C.regrets D.values39.A.concluded B.spread C.changed D.interrupted40.A.arrival B.work C.class D.graduation【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.C32.B33.B34.D35.A36.D37.C38.C39.A40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和Rose在大學(xué)相識(shí)，并且感受到了Rose的熱情、活力，不一樣的人生態(tài)度和夢(mèng)想，這些都深刻的影響了作者。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我站起來(lái)向四周看時(shí)，一只手輕輕地搭在我的肩上。A.touched觸碰；B.pressed按；壓；C.caught捕捉；D.approached接近。根據(jù)“agentlehand”可知，前后邏輯關(guān)系是手輕輕觸碰我的肩膀。故選A。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)滿臉皺紋的小老太太微笑著看著我，微笑照亮了她的整個(gè)存在。A.messy凌亂的；B.wrinkled有皺紋的；C.forgetful健忘的；D.clumsy笨拙的。根據(jù)后文“I’meighty-sevenyearsold.”可知，老奶奶87歲了，因此滿臉皺紋。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)滿臉皺紋的小老太太微笑著看著我，微笑照亮了她的整個(gè)存在。A.tookaway帶走；B.showedoff炫耀；C.brokeup解散；分手；D.litup照亮。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代asmile，根據(jù)下文“Andshegavemeagianthug.”可知，老奶奶很熱情，因此推斷笑容照亮了她的存在。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以給你一個(gè)擁抱嗎？A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.gift禮物；C.hug擁抱；D.surprise驚奇。根據(jù)下文“Andshegavemeagianthug.”可知，老奶奶想要給作者一個(gè)擁抱。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我大笑然后熱情地回應(yīng)她。A.slightly輕微地；B.warmly熱烈地；熱心地；C.suddenly突然地；D.officially正式地；官方地。根據(jù)“Ilaughed”可知，作者是很熱心地回應(yīng)她。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道是什么激勵(lì)她在這個(gè)年紀(jì)接受這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。A.forced迫使；B.motivated激發(fā)；C.required要求；D.advised建議。根據(jù)下文“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!”可知，作者想知道是什么激勵(lì)老奶奶這么高齡接受這樣的挑戰(zhàn)，完成上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們成為親密的朋友。A.close親密的；B.equal平等的；C.generous慷慨的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“Everydayforthenextthreemonthswewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstop.”可知，在接下來(lái)的三個(gè)月里，每天都要我們一起離開(kāi)教室，不停地交談。因此我們成了親密的朋友。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她和我分享她的智慧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)，我總是被這個(gè)“時(shí)間機(jī)器”所吸引。A.scared使驚恐；B.forced被迫；C.blessed祝福；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)上文“talknonstop”可推斷，當(dāng)老奶奶與作者分享自己的智慧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)，作者被她吸引。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她和我分享她的智慧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)，我總是被這個(gè)“時(shí)間機(jī)器”所吸引。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.pains痛苦；C.possessions財(cái)產(chǎn)；D.burden負(fù)擔(dān)。根據(jù)上文的“this“timemachine”可推斷，作者把老奶奶比喻為“時(shí)間機(jī)器”，因此推斷她與作者分享自己的經(jīng)歷和智慧。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這一年里，羅斯成為了校園的標(biāo)志，無(wú)論她走到哪里，她都很容易成為朋友。A.slowly慢慢地；B.simply簡(jiǎn)單地；C.easily容易地；D.totally完全。根據(jù)上文“Rosebecameacampussymbol”和