中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：?？记閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法歸納

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：常考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法歸納4情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will與would的用法歸納1.表示意愿will表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，would表示過(guò)去的意愿。如:Iwillbringittomorrow.我明天會(huì)把它帶來(lái)。Wewillnotgothereagain.我們不會(huì)再去那里。HeaskedifIwouldgotothecinemawithhim.他問(wèn)我是否愿同他一起去看電影。Ifyouwillallowme.Iwillseeyouhome.如果你同意，我可以送你回家。Ifyouwillcome,wewillbeglad.假如你能來(lái)的話，我們就會(huì)很高興。2.表示征求意見(jiàn)或提出請(qǐng)求will和would均可用，主要用于第二人稱的疑問(wèn)句中，would此時(shí)并不表過(guò)去，而表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。如:Will/wouldyoupleasetellmethewaytothepostoffice?請(qǐng)告訴去郵局的路好嗎?Will/Won'tyouhavesometea?你喝點(diǎn)茶，好嗎?Youwouldn'thavethetimetophonehim,wouldyou?你現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有那么多時(shí)間給他打電話是吧?would有時(shí)與like,love,hate,prefer,beglad,behappy等連用，用于提出建議或邀請(qǐng)。如:Wouldyoulikesomecakeorbiscuit?你要吃點(diǎn)蛋糕還是餅干?I'dlike/loveacoffee.我倒想喝杯咖啡。IwouldhateyoutothinkIwascriticizingyou.我可不愿意讓你覺(jué)得我是在批評(píng)你。3.表示習(xí)慣和傾向性will表示現(xiàn)在，would表示過(guò)去。如:Abearwillnottouchadeadbody.熊通常不碰死尸。Fishwilldieoutofwater.魚(yú)離開(kāi)水就不能活。Thisdoorwon'topen.這扇門(mén)打不開(kāi)。Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayingaword.他經(jīng)常一坐數(shù)小時(shí)而不發(fā)一言。Shewouldlosethekey!她總是把鑰匙弄丟了。Whenhewasachild.hewouldoftengoskiing.他小時(shí)候經(jīng)常去滑雪。Hetoldmetheboxwouldn'topen.他告訴我箱子打不開(kāi)了。4.表示推測(cè)will用于推測(cè)現(xiàn)在，would用于推測(cè)過(guò)去，也可用于推測(cè)現(xiàn)在，語(yǔ)氣較委婉。如:Thisbuswillhold40people.這輛大客車(chē)可以坐40人。Theteacherwillbeoverfifty.老師的年齡大概過(guò)五十了吧?Thatwouldbein1978,Ithink.我看這事發(fā)生在1978年。Thatwouldbeherfather.這大概是他媽。有時(shí)will/would+完成式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況的推測(cè)。如:Hewillhaveheardthenews.他已經(jīng)聽(tīng)到那消息了吧。Ithoughtyouwouldhavefinisheditbvnow.我想你現(xiàn)在可能已經(jīng)做完了吧。6.表示執(zhí)意或決心will表示現(xiàn)在，would表示過(guò)去。如:Hewillhavehisownway.他堅(jiān)持要一意孤行。Iwon'thaveyousaysuchthings.我可不許你說(shuō)這樣的話。Hewoulddoit,thoughItoldhimnotto.雖然我叫他不要做，可是他偏要做。7.表示命令、許諾、指示、叮囑等Youwillcarryouttheseinstructionsandreportbackthisafternoon.你要執(zhí)行這些指示并在今天下午報(bào)告執(zhí)行情況。Willyoubequiet!安靜點(diǎn)兒!Youwillhaveyourshare.你會(huì)得到你那一份的。8.would用于評(píng)論某一特定的行為T(mén)hat'sjustwhathewouldsay.他就是愛(ài)說(shuō)這種話。Itwouldrainonthedaywechooseforapicnic!我們哪天去野餐，哪天就準(zhǔn)下雨!9.would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Nowandthenhewouldcometoseeme.他時(shí)不時(shí)來(lái)看我。Wewouldplaycatchhere.我們以前常在這兒玩捉球游戲。10.would用于虛擬條件句IfIhadmoney.Iwouldgoabroad.假如我有錢(qián)我定會(huì)到國(guó)外去。Ifhehadbeenthere.hewouldhavehelpedyou.假如他那時(shí)在場(chǎng)，他定會(huì)幫肋你的。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞oughtto的用法歸納1.表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，意為“應(yīng)該”:Yououghttoworkharder.你應(yīng)該更努力工作。Teachersoughttobehonored.教師應(yīng)當(dāng)受到尊敬。Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.每個(gè)公民都應(yīng)守法。2.表示建議或勸告2.表示建議或勸告，意為“應(yīng)該”:Thereoughttobemorebusesduringtherushhour.高峰期間應(yīng)公共汽車(chē)該多發(fā)幾輛。Yououghttoseehernewfilm.你應(yīng)該看看她新拍的電影。Weoughtn'ttotakerisks.我們不宜于冒險(xiǎn)。3.表示推斷3.表示推斷，意為“應(yīng)該”、“可能”:(1)oughtto+動(dòng)詞原形，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)情況的推測(cè)。如:Pricesoughttocomedownsoon.價(jià)格可能會(huì)很快下跌。Ifhestartedatnine.heoughttobeherebynow.要是他九點(diǎn)鐘出發(fā)，現(xiàn)在該到了。Thatoughttobeenoughfoodforallofus.那些該夠我們大家吃的了。(2)oughtto+進(jìn)行式，表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的情況的推測(cè)。如:Yououghtn'ttobetalkingsomuch.你不該講這么多話。Yououghtnottobesittinghere.It'sforoldmanonly你不該坐在這兒，這是老人專座。Yououghttobewearingyourshirt.你該穿襯衫。(3)oughtto+完成式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè);也可表示過(guò)去本該發(fā)生而實(shí)際上未發(fā)生的情況:Thetable-tennisgameoughtto/shouldhavefinishedbynow.乒乓球比賽現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。TherearemanybookswhichIoughttohaveread.andstilloughttoread.有許多書(shū)我過(guò)去就應(yīng)該看的，現(xiàn)在還應(yīng)該看。Ioughttohavehelpedher,butInevercould.我本該幫助她的，卻從未能這樣做。Yououghttohavecomeearlier.你本該來(lái)得早一點(diǎn)兒。Sheoughttohavebeenateacher.她本該當(dāng)教師。4.oughtto用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句在否定式中用oughtnot或oughtn’t，在疑問(wèn)中將ought提到主語(yǔ)之前。如:Theyoughttogonow,oughtn'tthey?他們現(xiàn)在該走了，是嗎?Oughtwe(to)beinTaipeibynow?他們現(xiàn)在大概已經(jīng)到北京了吧?-OughtItogo?我該去嗎?-Yes,youought(to).對(duì)，你該去。5.oughtto與should的用法區(qū)別一般說(shuō)來(lái)，二者可替換，只是oughtto語(yǔ)氣稍重些。如:Heoughtto/shouldhavearrivedlongago.他早就該到了。Youshould/oughttohavecomeyesterday.你應(yīng)該昨天來(lái)的。(1)表示因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等或表示出于法令規(guī)則、行為準(zhǔn)則、道德責(zé)任等客觀情況該做的事時(shí)，常用oughtto;should則含有個(gè)人意見(jiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法。如:Youarehisparents.Yououghttotakecareofhim.你們是他的父母，應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。Theyoughtn'ttolettheirdogrunontheroad他們不該把狗放出來(lái)滿街跑。Suchthingsoughtnottobeallowed.這類事不該允許。(2)在公告、須知或條例中，出于禮貌，常用should:Youshouldnotrunalongsidetheswimming-pool.不準(zhǔn)在游泳池邊奔跑。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall與should的用法比較與歸納1.shall用在陳述句中①用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，表示單純將來(lái)，意為“將要,會(huì)”如:IshallbeeighteennextMarch.明年三月我將十八歲了。Weshallarrivetomorrow.我們將于明日到達(dá)。用于第一人稱還可表示意志。如:Ishallreturn.我一定回來(lái)。Ishallneverforgetyou.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了你。②用于陳述句第二、三人稱,表示說(shuō)話者的意圖、警告、命令、威脅、許諾、規(guī)定等。如:Youshallnotcatchmesoeasilynexttime.你下次不會(huì)那么容易就能抓到我了。Tommyshallhaveatoy,ifheisagoodboy.如果湯米是個(gè)好孩子，他就可以得到一個(gè)玩具。Thestudentsshallwearuniforms.學(xué)生們應(yīng)穿校服。2.shall用在疑問(wèn)句中shall在疑問(wèn)句中用于征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。如:ShallIopenthewindow?你要我打開(kāi)窗子嗎?Shallweallgotothefilmtonight?我們今晚都去看電影嗎?Shallhegothereinsteadofyou?他要代你去那里嗎?Let'sgoontothenextquestion,shallwe?我們接著下一個(gè)問(wèn)題，好啊?3.should表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任should表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任時(shí)，意為“應(yīng)該”:Childrenshouldobeytheirparents.兒童應(yīng)該服從他們的父母。Weshouldhelpeachother.我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。Youshouldpayyourdebts.你應(yīng)該還債。4.should表示建議或勸告should表示建議或勸告意為“應(yīng)該”:Youshouldbrushyourteethbeforeyougotobed.你在睡前應(yīng)該刷牙。Thereshouldbepipesforhotwater.應(yīng)該有熱水管。。Youshouldgoandaskourteacher.你應(yīng)該去問(wèn)問(wèn)老師。5.should表示委婉而鄭重的說(shuō)法表示委婉而鄭重的說(shuō)法，用于第一人稱，意為“想”。如:Ishouldliketomakeaphonecall.我想打個(gè)電話。I'dliketogototheconcertwithyounextSunday.下星期天我想請(qǐng)你和我一起去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。Hewasaboutthirty,Ishouldthink.我以為他大約三十歲。6.should用于征求意見(jiàn)該用法與Shal1I/we...?的用法相似。如:ShouldIopenthewindow?我可以打開(kāi)窗戶嗎?Whereshouldwemeettonight?今晚我們?cè)撛谀膬阂?jiàn)面?7.should表示推斷意為“應(yīng)該”、“可能”。(1)should+動(dòng)詞原形，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)情況的推測(cè)。如:Theyshouldarriveatnoon.他們?cè)撛谥形绲竭_(dá)。Itshouldbefinetomorrow.明天可能天晴。Thephotoshouldbereadytomorrowmorrow明天早晨照片可能沖印出來(lái)。(2)should+進(jìn)行式，表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的情況的推測(cè)。如:Youshouldbewearingyoursunglasses.你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)戴太陽(yáng)鏡。Whyshouldyousittingtheredoingnothing?你干嗎坐在那兒閑呆著?Youshouldn'tbeworkinglikethat.You'restillsoweak.你不應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣干，你身體還很弱。(3)should+完成式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，或表示過(guò)去應(yīng)該發(fā)生而實(shí)際上未發(fā)生的情況。如:TheyshouldhavearrivedinBeijingbythistime.他們這個(gè)時(shí)候該到北京了。Ishouldhavegonetherealone.我當(dāng)時(shí)應(yīng)該一個(gè)人去那兒的。Heshouldhaveknownthatthepolicewouldneverallowthissortofthing.他本應(yīng)知道這樣的事情警察是決不允許的。(4)should+完成進(jìn)行式，表示“應(yīng)當(dāng)一直在…”如:Youshouldhavebeenhelpinghim.Whyhaven'tyou?你是應(yīng)當(dāng)在幫助他的，怎么沒(méi)幫?8.should表示意外或驚訝I(yíng)t'sstrangethattheirteamshouldwinthefirstprize.真奇怪，他們隊(duì)竟然會(huì)得一等獎(jiǎng)。WhyshouldIbeangrywithyou?我怎么會(huì)生你的氣呢?HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道?9.should用于賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)should用于賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)，表示“將”。如:Wesai