卓越英語綜合教程-第2冊book2unit

Unit6Listening能夠聽懂有關(guān)預(yù)約的英語表達。Speaking學(xué)會與預(yù)約相關(guān)的英語表達，能夠進行相關(guān)話題的日常對話。ReadingIntensiveReading：本文描述了在業(yè)務(wù)出現(xiàn)問題時，不同的公司對待顧客的兩種截然相反的處理方式，并分析了這兩種方式對其品牌所帶來的影響。通過學(xué)習(xí)本文，要使學(xué)生了解顧客對企業(yè)的重要性。

ExtensiveReading：本文介紹了東西方企業(yè)在應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟危機時，對雇員的不同處理方式，分析了產(chǎn)生這兩種不同方式的原因，并預(yù)測這種差異將逐漸縮小。教學(xué)過程中，可使學(xué)生查找2008年經(jīng)濟危機的相關(guān)資料，了解此次經(jīng)濟危機發(fā)生的原因及影響；同時要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會東西方經(jīng)濟文化的差異。

AppliedReading：本文是一篇代序。通過閱讀本文，要求學(xué)生了解序言的基本內(nèi)容和語言特點。BasicWriting了解商務(wù)信函的作用、分類和基本內(nèi)容，掌握商務(wù)信函的基本寫法。LanguageGuideGrammarFocus：掌握it的用法。WordBuilding：掌握常見的表示相關(guān)、傾向、材質(zhì)的形容詞后綴。

Objectives4SectionAListening1235SectionBSpeakingSectionCReadingSectionDPracticalWritingSectionELanguageGuideHighlightsSectionAListeningTopicIntroductionWarm-upActivitiesPronunciationGuideSentencesDialoguesPassage

想使你的生活變得輕松、快捷嗎？那就預(yù)約(makeareservation)吧！通過預(yù)約，可以節(jié)省時間，提高生活效率。你可以向劇院預(yù)訂演出票，向餐館預(yù)訂座位，向酒店預(yù)訂房間，還可以預(yù)約醫(yī)生、理發(fā)師、律師。似乎一切都可以預(yù)約！但預(yù)約之后，不要輕易取消(cancel)，否則，你可能會損失手續(xù)費(processingfee)哦！TopicIntroduction1.login/register2.Personalinformation3.Confirm4.onlinepayment5.Selectpaymentmethod6.SucceedWarm-upActivitiesGroup1/w/and/j/

1.Be

(/w/,/j/)tohear,slowtospeak.2.She’sgoingto

(/w/,/j/)andhe’sgoingto

(/w/,/j/).3.Ionlyhadstrawberry

(/w/,/j/)forbreakfast.4.HeplannedtocrossthePacificby

(/w/,/j/).5.In1945,Japanese

(/w/,/j/)toChina.PronunciationGuide1.swift(/w/)2.Yale(/j/),wail(/w/)3.yoghurt(/j/)4.yacht(/j/)5.yielded(/j/)Group2/w/and/r/Thenewrecruitsarenotusedtothe

(/w/,/r/)disciplinesofthearmy.2.Thereisno

(/w/,/r/)roadtolearning.3.Abirdinthehandis

(/w/,/r/)twointhebush.4.Aroundthe

(/w/,/r/)rockthe

(/w/,/r/)boxrolled.5.The

(/w/,/r/)canvas

(/w/,/r/)aroundpowerpole.1.rigid(/r/)2.royal(/r/)3.worth(/w/)4.rugged(/r/),warped(/w/)

5.wet(/w/),wrapped(/r/)Group3

/r/and/l/1.Therickety

(/r/,/l/)rattledrightandleft.2.Ribbons

(/r/,/l/),ribbonsloose,hairuntied,what’syourexcuse?3.Reallemon,real

(/r/,/l/),whichwouldyoupickeverytime?4.Rotten

(/r/,/l/)reallyreeks.5.Tipandtap,

(/r/,/l/)and

(/r/,/l/),lipandlap.1.ladder(/l/)2.rolled(/r/)3.lime(/l/)4.lettuce(/l/)

5.rip(/r/),rap(/r/)/w/,/j/,/r/,/l/

的發(fā)音對比相同點：四者發(fā)音時氣流均較弱，摩擦較?。?w/,/j/都是半元音，發(fā)音介于元音與輔音之間，較為短促，必須很快地與后面的元音拼讀。不同點：/w/是雙唇音、半元音。發(fā)音時，雙唇撅起，呈小圓形，聲帶振動。

/j/是硬腭音、半元音。發(fā)音時舌尖靠近下齒齦，但不緊貼，舌位較高；雙唇平展，口微開，氣流通過口腔時可有輕微的摩擦。

/r/是后齒齦音、摩擦音。發(fā)音時，雙唇撅起，舌尖卷起，停在口腔中央，不貼在任何部位，氣流由舌面和硬腭之間流出。

/l/是齒齦音、邊音。發(fā)音時，舌尖抵上齒齦，口型自然，氣流由舌側(cè)流出。/l/一般在詞首發(fā)音清楚，在詞尾或在輔音前發(fā)音含糊。Couldwehaveatablebythewindow?

A.Allright.2.Whatkindofroomdoyouwant?A.I’dlikeasuitewithanoceanview.3.WhatflightstoLondondoyouhavetomorrow?

A.Wehaveflight1076and1091.

4.WhenamIsupposedtocheckin?

B.Thecheck-intimeis8:45.5.Haveyougotanyvacanciesfortonight?

C.Yes.Whatkindofroomwouldyoulike?SentencesDialoguesNewWordsflight

n.

航班checkin

到達并登記vacancy

n.

空房Dialogue1M:Hello,I’dliketobookatableforthreethisevening.W:Whattimewouldyoulikethereservationfor?M:7wouldbebest,ormaybe7:30.W:Pleasegiveyourname,andat7thiseveningwe’llhaveatableforyou.Q:Whatisthemandoing?Dialogue2W:HongdaHotel.CanIhelpyou?M:HereisBeijingBusinessBureau.I’mcallingtomakeareservationofaroom.W:Whatkindofroomdoyouwant?M:Adoubleoneformeandmyhead,Mr.Wang.Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttobook?ScriptDialogue3W:Hello,BeijingHotel.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Ihaveareservationtonight.Ineedtocancelthat.Ihavehadalast-minutechangeofplans.W:Isee.Yourname,please?Andwouldyoulikemetorescheduleyouforanothernight?M:MichaelLee.I’llletyouknowasearlyaspossible.Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?Dialogue4M:Goodmorning.ImadeanappointmentwithMr.Smithat10.W:MayIknowyourname,sir?M:IamBrianStock,managerfromABCcompany.W:Followme,please,Mr.Stock.Mr.Smithiswaitingforyouinhisoffice.Q:Whatcanwegetfromthedialogue?Dialogue5M:I’dliketobookaticketonFlight5215toHongKongonFebruary16th.W:Sorry,sir.We’vebookedupon16th.Butwestillhaveafewseatsavailableon17th.M:OK.Iwilltakeit.Q:WhenwillthemanleaveforHongKong?1.A.Heisbookingatablefordinner.2.D.Onedoubleroom.3.A.Tocancelhisreservation.4.B.Mr.StockcomestomeetMr.Smith.5.C.OnFebruary17th.

1.wouldbebest2.makeareservation3.last-minute4.madeanappointment5.bookaticketAnswersPassageNewWordsprivatetour獨立成團duration

n.持續(xù)時間confirmation

n.確認join-intour散客成團submitvt.提交deposit

n.訂金

Nowadays,onlineorderingisoneofthemostconvenientwaystobookatour.Whilebookingonline,firstyoushouldmakesurethetypeofthetouryouaregoingtotake:privatetours,smallgrouptoursorjoin-intours.Next,fillintheordersheetwherethepriceandtourdurationaremarkedandsubmitit.Thetotalcostwillbecalculatedautomatically.Aftersubmittingyourorder,anordernumberwillbecreated.Pleaserememberthisnumberbecauseyouwilluseittocheckyourorderconfirmation.Yourorderwillbeconfirmedbythetravelagencywithin24hours.Ifyourorderisconfirmed,youwillberequiredtomakeadeposit.Therewillbealinkreferringyoutothepaymentwebpage.Afterthedepositispaid,thetravelagencywille-mailyouafinalconfirmationofallthebookingdetails.Itmeansthatyouhavesuccessfullybookedatour.Script1.Howtobookatouronline.2.Three.1.F

2.T

3.F1.onlineordering2.ordersheet3.makeadeposit4.bookingdetailsAnswersSectionBSpeaking

SituationalDialogues

HumorousStoryEasyLearningSituationalDialoguessuite

n.套間deluxe

adj.豪華的rate

n.價格，費用courtyard

n.

庭院discount

n.折扣refundable

adj.可退還的NewWordsandPhrasesDialogue1NotesWehavesinglerooms,doublerooms,suitesanddeluxesuitesinChinese,Japanese,British,FrenchandPresidentialstyles.我們有單人房、雙人房、套房以及中式、日式、英式、法式和總統(tǒng)豪華套房。2.Wecangiveadiscountof15%ifyoubookacommonone.如果您訂不面向庭院的普通英式套房，有15%的優(yōu)惠。Activities(R=Receptionist,S=Mr.Smith)R:Hello,BeijingHotel,reservationdesk.CanIhelpyou?S:Yes.I’dliketomakeareservationofaroomfromJuly10to15.R:Whatkindofroomwouldyoulike,sir?Wehavesinglerooms,doublerooms,suitesanddeluxesuitesinChinese,Japanese,British,Frenchandpresidentialstyles.S:AdoubleroominChinese,please.Whatareyourrates?R:650yuanforonenightforadoubleroominChinesestylefacingthecourtyard.Wecangiveadiscountof15%ifyoubookacommonone.S:OK.I’dlikeonefacingthecourtyard.Bytheway,doesthepriceincludethebreakfast?R:Sure.And,sir,weneedaone-nightdeposit.S:DoIhavetopayadeposit?IfIcancelthereservation,canIhavearefundformydeposit?ActivitiesR:Ifyoucancelyourreservationwithin3days,yourdepositisfullyrefundable.Weonlychargeasmallamountforprocessingfee.S:That’sreasonable.R:Couldyougivemeyourname,please?S:ThelastnameisSmith.R:Mr.Smith,doubleroominChinesestylefacingthecourtyardfromJuly10to15.Welookforwardtoingyou.airways

n.航空公司departure

n.起程，離開Houstonn.休斯敦boundfor(準備)前往economyclass經(jīng)濟艙NewWordsandPhrasesDialogue2Notes1.Myname’sCathyJonesandI’mtaking

flightNo.644boundforHoustononthe

23rd.我的名字是凱絲·瓊斯，我訂了23號飛往休斯頓的644號航班。2.Yes,thereareafeweconomyclassseats

left.IsthatOKforyou?是的，還有一些經(jīng)濟艙的座位。您看可以嗎？(A=Assistant,E=ElizabethBrown)A:Goodmorning,FriendshipClinic,whatcanIdoforyou?E:Morning.ThisisElizabethBrown.IhavemadeanappointmentwithDr.Smithat2pm,butIhavehadalast-minutechangeofplans.CanIrescheduleforSaturdayafternoon?A:Letmehaveacheck.Er,Iamsorry,butDr.SmithisfullybookedonSaturday.E:Oh,thenwould2:30tomorrowafternoonbeconvenientforDr.Smith?A:Unfortunately,Dr.Smithhassomepersonalaffairstodealwithandcan’tmakehousecallstomorrowafternoon.Whatabouttomorrowmorning?E:I’mafraidIamnotfreetomorrowmorning.CanhesparesometimeonSundayafternoonat3o’clock?A:That’sOK,MsBrown!Dr.Smithwillbeavailablethen.Activities

HumorousStoryActivitiesI.1.Whywastheagentatalossforwords?

BecausethereisnoplacenamedHippopotamus.2.Whydidn’tthewomantelltheagenttheplaceshewantedtogodirectly?

Becausesheforgottheexactnameoftheplace.HippopotamusActivitiesII.Keywords:

awoman,reservation,goto,Hippopotamus,agent,ataloss,sure,can’tfind,retort,silly,scour,Buffalo,biganimalSuggestedanswer:AwomancalledtobookaflighttickettoHippopotamusofNewYork.Theagentwasconfusedbecausehedidn’tknowthattherewasatownnamedHippopotamus.Helookedupeveryairportcodeinthecountrybutcouldn’tfindaHippopotamusanywhere.Then,hesearchedamapofNewYorkthoroughlyandaskedifthewomanwantedtogotoBuffalo.Thewomanreplied,“That’sit!Iknewitwasabiganimal!”①standing②makeyourway③stayaway④keepquiet⑤tryingto⑥makeit⑦comingaround⑧soalone⑨pulledout⑩pickoutEasyLearningLoveStory

SectionCReadingIntensiveReadingExtensiveReadingAppliedReadingIntensiveReadingExercisesWarm-upExercises

TextVocabularyWarm-upExercises

I.1.對待每一位顧客，要像對待給你簽工資支票的人……因為他們的確是。

2.照顧好一位顧客，比10000美元的廣告還超值。

3.如果我們不關(guān)心顧客，有人會的。

4.顧客是你上班的原因。如果他們走了，你也得走。

5.忠誠的顧客，他們不僅會回來，不僅僅向別人推薦你，他們還堅持讓他們的朋友和你做生意。

6.永遠不要小看一位憤怒的顧客的力量。

7.顧客的投訴是我們值得學(xué)習(xí)的教科書。

8.如果你開始認為你的顧客是障礙，你就要有麻煩了。

9.你是在服務(wù)顧客，不是執(zhí)行死刑。學(xué)著喜歡你的工作吧。

10.洗手間總能體現(xiàn)你的公司是否關(guān)心顧客。UnhappyCustomers≠BrandTerrorists

Everydayandineveryway,mistakesaremadeinbusiness.Unplanned,unforeseenandcertainlyundesirable,theycanupsetemployees,customersandothervictimsinabigway.It’sapartofgrowingupandbeinghuman.Butwhatdistinguishesvariousorganizationsishowtheydealwiththeseproblems.Therearetwoclearextremes:thosefirmsthatdenytheproblem,andthosethatdoeverythingtosolveit.Theformerareprobablythemostcommon.VocabularyStructureNotesText

Deniersknowthatmistakescantakeplace,sometimestoofrequently.Buttheybelievethatthemajorityofcomplainantsareeitherthecauseoftheproblem,orhavegreatlyexaggeratedit.Thebestwaytodealwiththemistostandfirmanddenythatthereisanythingwrong.Theirfinallineofdefencemaybesometinycompensation:asmallamountofmoney,anoffertorepairabrokenproductratherthanreplaceit.Thesemoves,however,willonlyangercustomersfurther.Mostpeoplewantaproblemsolved:theirmoneybackinfull,aworkingmodeltoreplacethebrokenone,orapoliteapology.Furiouscomplainantsusuallyholdouttotheend,andtheycanbequiteresourceful.Somehavediscovered,forexample,thatshareholders’meetingsareexcellentplacestotelltheirstory.VocabularyStructureNotesUnhappycustomerscansoone“brandterrorists”.They’lltelltheirstoryoverandover.Andtheywillswear,aspubliclyaspossible,nevertousetheorganizationagain.Deniersdifferinhowlongtheyholdoutandhowmuchtheycompensateintheend.Butthefinalresultisneveragoodone.Firmsbelongingtotheotherextremehavequiteadifferentphilosophy.Theyareawarethatsomepeoplemakefalseorgreatlyexaggeratedcomplaints.Buttheyknowsomethingdeniersdonot:peopleoftenlikeanorganizationthathascompensatedforamistakebetterthantheylikeditbeforeitevenmadetheerror.Customersseetheseorganizationsasplacesthatmeettheirneeds,andtheirloyaltygrows,ratherthandies.VocabularyStructureNotes

Thebestbusinesses,therefore,arethosethatinstructtheirstafftocompensateunhappycustomers.Forexample,waitersmaybeauthorizedtogivefreebottlesofwine.Somereallybigorganizationshavecentersdedicatedtoregainingunhappycustomers.Sure,therewillalwaysbepeopletryingtheirluck.Butit’smuchbettertoletafewthingsgo.Apotentialbrandterroristcaneasilybeconvertedintoacrusaderforyourcompany.VocabularyStructureNotesPartParagraphMainIdea1Para.1Mistakesoftenoccurinbusinessandtheyareharmful.2Para.2~Para.6Therearetwoextremesofdealingwiththeproblems,whichwillhavedifferenteffectstothecompany.3Para.7Itintroduceshowthebestbusinesseswilldealwithunhappycustomers.StructureTextVocabularyNotesbrand

n.品牌terrorist

n.恐怖分子

terrorismn.恐怖主義unplanned

adj.未計劃的，意外的unforeseen

adj.未想到的，始料不及的undesirable

adj.不想要的，不得人心的upset

vt.

使煩惱，使心煩意亂；打亂，攪亂

upsettheapplecart

制造麻煩，打亂計劃(或安排等)employeen.

雇員

employeecompensation

職員報酬

employvt.

雇用victimn.

受害者

fallvictim(tosth.)

受傷，受損，被害distinguish

vt.

使有別于，成為……的特征

vt.&vi.

區(qū)分，辨別

distinguish...from

使……有別于；區(qū)分，辨別

TextStructureNotesVocabularyNewWords

TextStructureNotes

distinguishableadj.

可區(qū)別的，可辨別的

distinguishedadj.

卓越的，杰出的various

adj.

各種各樣的extreme

n.

極端不同的感情(或情況、行為方式等)，完全相反的事物

adj.

極度的，極大的

intheextreme

極度，極端，非常deny

vt.

否認，否定；拒絕承認，拒絕接受

denyaclaim/acharge/anaccusation

否認某種說法/指控/指責(zé)

denydoingsth.

拒絕做某事

denialn.

否認，否定；拒絕接受，拒不承認(令人不快、痛苦的事)solvevt.

解決；解答

solutionn.

解決辦法，處理手段；答案，解former

pron.

前者

adj.

以前的majority

n.

大多數(shù)，大部分

ina/themajority占多數(shù)complainantn.

投訴者，原告

complainvt.&vi.

抱怨，埋怨，發(fā)牢騷TextStructureNotesexaggerate

vt.&vi.夸張，夸大

exaggeratedadj.夸大的，言過其實的

exaggerationn.夸張，言過其實defence

n.防御，保護；防御物，防御能力

civildefence民防

defendvt.&vi.防御，保護

defensiveadj.防御的，保護的replace

vt.

更換，更新；代替；(用……)替換

replace...with/by...

用……代替……angervt.

使發(fā)怒，激怒

n.

怒，怒火，怒氣furious

adj.

狂怒的，暴怒的resourceful

adj.

足智多謀的，機敏的

resourcen.

勇氣，才智shareholder

n.

股東

controllingshareholder控股股東differ

vi.

有區(qū)別，相異

differfrom與……不同；與……意見不一TextStructureNotescompensate

vt.

給(某人)賠償(或賠款)

vi.

彌補，補償

compensatefor

補償

compensationn.

補償(或賠償)物，補償(或賠償)金，補償aware

adj.

知道，意識到

beawareof

意識到

awarenessn.

知道，認識，意識false

adj.

不真實的，錯誤的；假的，偽造的complaint

n.

投訴，抱怨

makeacomplaint(against)

提出投訴error

n.

錯誤，差錯

inerror

錯的；錯誤地loyalty

n.

忠誠，忠心耿耿

loyaladj.

對……忠誠；信守instruct

vt.

指示，吩咐，命令

instructsb.todosth.

吩咐某人做某事staff

n.

全體職工TextStructureNotesauthorize

vt.

授權(quán)，批準

authorize...to

把……授權(quán)給

authorizationn.

授權(quán)，批準；授權(quán)書，批準書regain

vt.

重新獲得，恢復(fù)(能力或品質(zhì)等)

regainone’snerve

重新鼓起勇氣，振作起來convert

vt.&vi.(使)轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)化；改變(觀點，習(xí)慣等)

o/tosth.

把……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?/p>

convertinto/tosth.

可轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槟澄颿rusader

n.

十字軍戰(zhàn)士，(某)運動的參加者inabigway

大規(guī)模地dealwith

解決，處理；涉及，關(guān)于holdout

維持，堅持；抵抗，幸存intheend

最后，終于；最終，到頭來TextStructureNotes

PhrasesandExpressionsNotes

1.Unplanned,unforeseenandcertainlyundesirable,theycanupsetemployees,customersandothervictimsinabigway.由于它們是不可計劃、無法預(yù)料的，而且必定是不受歡迎的，所以會給雇員、顧客和其他的受害者帶來極大的困擾。

unplanned,unforeseenandcertainlyundesirable在句中做狀語，表原因。形容詞(短語)在句中可用作狀語，用來表示原因、方式、讓步、條件、結(jié)果等。

e.g.1)Afraidofbeinglate,shegotupatfouro’clockinthemorning.因為怕遲到，她凌晨4點就起床了。(表原因)

2)Younginyears,heisoldinexperience.他年齡雖小，但經(jīng)驗豐富。(表讓步)

3)Hereturnedfromwar,safeandsound.他安然無恙地從戰(zhàn)爭中歸來。(表結(jié)果)TextStructureVocabularyNotes

2.Butwhatdistinguishesvariousorganizationsishowtheydealwiththeseproblems.但是，各個公司的區(qū)別就在于他們?nèi)绾翁幚磉@些問題。

what引導(dǎo)的從句在句中做主語，稱為主語從句。主語從句做主語相當(dāng)于單數(shù)第三人稱做主語，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。由and連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；而由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

e.g.1)Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.他們什么時候出發(fā)、要去哪兒都還沒定。

2)Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecided.開會的時間和地點還沒定下來。TextStructureVocabularyNotes

3.Theirfnallineofdefencemaybesometinycompensation:asmallamountofmoney,anoffertorepairabrokenproductratherthanreplaceit.他們防御的底線或許是些微小的補償，如一小筆錢、修理而非退換破損產(chǎn)品的提議。

ratherthan可起并列連詞的作用，連接兩個完全對等的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“是……而不是，寧愿……而不愿，與其說……不如說”。它可以連接不定式、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞(短語)等，但被連接的成分應(yīng)在詞性上保持一致。

e.g.1)Helendecidedtoquitthejobratherthantoaccepttheterm.海倫決定寧可辭職也不接受那個條件。

2)Hewasajustandsoundratherthanalearnedjudge.他作為法官與其說學(xué)識淵博，不如說是在辦案中比較公正和全面。

3)Wewillhavethemeetingintheclassroomratherthaninthehall.

我們將在教室里開會，而不是在大廳里。TextStructureVocabularyReadingComprehension①differ②deny③solve④caused⑤angrier⑥compensate⑦loyalty⑧regainF、T、F、F、T、TIII.1.Mostorganizationsdenytheproblemandonlyagreetogivesometinycompensation.Sotheywillangerthecustomersfurtherandtheunhappycustomerswillbeunfavorabletotheirbusiness.2.Becausetheyknowthatpeopleoftenlikeanorganizationthathascompensatedforamistakebetterthantheylikeditbeforeitevenmadetheerror,andtheirloyaltygrows.Exercisesdiscover發(fā)現(xiàn)：指先于他人首次發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)存在的東西，或出乎意料地發(fā)現(xiàn)。e.g.1)ThenewstarwasdiscoveredbyaChinesescientist.2)Wegotchattinganddiscoveredwe’dbeenatcollegetogether..find發(fā)現(xiàn)；找到；查明：指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)某事屬實，或經(jīng)過尋找、研究等才得到了所需要的東西或丟失的東西，強調(diào)動作的結(jié)果。e.g.1)Ifoundthatletterwhichwasburiedinsomepapersonmydesk.2)Shefounditdifficulttoestablishanewroutineafterretirement.3)Heatlastfoundacluetothepuzzle.detect發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明：正式用詞，強調(diào)經(jīng)過周密觀察或研究而有所獲得和發(fā)現(xiàn)，尤指發(fā)現(xiàn)有意隱藏之物。e.g.1)Theydetectednodefectintheproduct.2)Wecoulddetectnotriumphinhiseyes.VocabularyPractice1.discovered2.detect3.found4.discovered5.found6.discovered7.detect8.foundII.1.furious2.convert3.upset4.various5.resourceful6.majority7.loyalty8.ExtremeIII.

1.

heend4.tookplace5.holdout6.dealwithExercises1.Itisimportanttodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.2.Thejobwilltakemonthsratherthanweeks.3.Hethrewalltheoldfurnitureaway,andreplacedthemwithbrandnewpieces.4.Thingsintheworlddifferfromeachotherinathousandways.5.Theofficerinstructedthatallthesoldiersgetready.II.1.C2.B3.C4.DTranslationTrainingPartParagraphMainIdea1Para.1TheWestaxesjobswhiletheEastcutspayduringaglobalrecession.2Para.2~Para.3CulturaldifferencescausetheWestandtheEasttoadoptdifferentlaborpracticesandlaborpracticeoftheEastseemsbetter.3Para.4ItgivesjoblessratesofdifferentareastoshowdifferentlaborpracticesoftheWestandtheEast.4Para.5ThegapofthedifferencesinlaborpracticesinEastandWestwillnarrow.ExtensiveReadingStructureACulturalDivide?WhiletheWestAxesJobs,AsiaCutsPayExercises1.

D2.C3.A4.D5.AAppliedReadingNotes

Writingareliablecomputerprogramismuchharder,becausetheprogramneedstoworkeveninthefaceofrandomerrorsandmistakes:Murphy’scomputer,ifyouwill.編寫可靠的計算機程序卻比較難，因為程序在工作時要面對隨機偏差和錯誤，也就是所謂的“墨菲計算機定律”。

Murphy’scomputer意為“墨菲計算機定律”，指墨菲定律在計算機領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。墨菲定律主要內(nèi)容是：事情如果有變壞的可能，不管這種可能性有多小，它總會發(fā)生。SecurityEngineering—ForewordbyBruceSchneierExercises1.ProgrammingSatan’scomputer.2.Theprogramneedstoworkeveninthefaceofrandomerrorsandmistakes.3.Personalcomputers,browsers,andaGUI.4.Howsomethingcanbemadenottowork.5.RossAnderson.SectionDPracticalWritingBusinessLetterBusinessLetter

商務(wù)信函是商務(wù)交際的重要工具，其功能是傳遞業(yè)務(wù)信息。商務(wù)信函種類繁多，如商洽函、詢問函、請求函、訂貨函、任命函、祝賀函、推銷函等。

一、商務(wù)信函的基本內(nèi)容

商務(wù)信函同私人信函一樣，通常由信頭、日期、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾禮詞、簽名等部分構(gòu)成。此外，根據(jù)需要可添加參考編號、經(jīng)辦人、事由、附言、附件、抄送等要素。信頭商務(wù)信函一般都印有信頭，包括公司的名稱、地址、電話號碼、傳真號及電子郵件地址等，有些會將經(jīng)營項目、注冊商標和公司董事、經(jīng)理等姓名一并印在信頭上。參考編號和日期發(fā)信人為了在收到對方回信之后能盡快識別與自己發(fā)出的哪一封信有關(guān)，收信人在回復(fù)時為了使對方能夠盡快處理自己的信件，通常都會在各自的信箋上寫上參考編號與日期。

信內(nèi)地址信內(nèi)地址通常包含收信人的姓名、頭銜、公司名稱和投遞地址等。經(jīng)辦人經(jīng)辦人指公司、機關(guān)中負責(zé)某一具體事物的職員的真實姓名。有些商務(wù)書信不便發(fā)給個人，需要發(fā)給公司。事由事由又稱為“主題”，要簡明扼要，直接寫明信件的重點，使人不必讀完全信即可了解信的內(nèi)容。簽名簽名一般包括公司名稱、寫信人的手寫簽名、寫信人的打印簽名、寫信人的頭銜。附件附件一般包括產(chǎn)品目錄、訂單、發(fā)票、樣品或樣品圖片、價目表、報價單等。

抄送署抄送部分用于告訴收件人還有哪些人收到這封信。二、商務(wù)信函的基本格式

商務(wù)信函的格式與私人信函的格式基本相同，只是部分格式略有不同。商務(wù)信函特有的部分格式如下：參考編號位于信頭的最后一行；經(jīng)辦人位于稱呼上方；事由位于稱呼下方1~2行處；附件在簽名下注明，與簽名間隔1~2行，從左側(cè)頂格寫；抄送位于信件最后的左下角。三、商務(wù)信函的常用表達

信頭

參考編號和日期

參考編號可由Reference(可縮寫為Ref),OurReference,YourReference等引出，可以是英語字母、數(shù)字、多種組合或者其他縮寫形式。

經(jīng)辦人

經(jīng)辦人可由Attention(of)引出(Attention可以縮寫為Attn)。

稱呼

DearJack

DearMr./Ms.+姓氏用

DearMadamorSir,DearSir(s)/Madam/Mesdames/Gentlemen,Towhomitmayconcern

事由

事由可由Subject(可縮寫為Sub)或者Re引出，也可在事由下加著重號而不用引導(dǎo)詞。

正文

商務(wù)信函中，習(xí)慣上是用客套語先將

收到對方的來信的日期、參考編號、主題及簡單內(nèi)容加以綜合敘述，或利用開頭語作必要的自我介紹。

結(jié)尾禮詞

商務(wù)信函的結(jié)尾禮詞較為正式

簽名

附件

附件前需要寫上Enclosure或其縮寫Encl或Enc，如果附件不止一項，應(yīng)寫成Encls或Encs，并應(yīng)注明有幾個附件，以方便收信人查點。例如：Enclosure(1)；Encl:Onecheck;Encls:Catalogueand2Photos。

抄送

抄送內(nèi)容以CC或者CCto開頭。

商務(wù)信函的寫作要求商務(wù)信函寫作要注意“7C原則”，即清楚、簡潔、正確、具體、禮貌、體諒和完整。

(1)清楚(clarity)：使讀者一目了然，沒有艱澀難懂或產(chǎn)生誤會之處。

(2)簡潔(conciseness)：言簡意賅地表達所需表達的意思，同時又無損于書信的完整和禮貌。

(3)正確(correctness)：正確的商務(wù)信函不僅表現(xiàn)為語法恰當(dāng)，標點符號和詞匯拼寫正確，還要求敘述正確，提供的事實和數(shù)字無誤，寫作格式規(guī)范、技巧運用恰當(dāng)以及商業(yè)術(shù)語正確。

(4)具體(concreteness)：避免采用模糊、大概和抽象的詞語和語句，應(yīng)盡量運用具體的事實和數(shù)字，一般使用主動語態(tài)來陳述內(nèi)容。

(5)禮貌(courtesy)：及時是商務(wù)信函寫作的禮貌之首。此外，應(yīng)避免使用可能激怒、傷害對方的言辭或語氣，語調(diào)上要盡可能站在客戶的立場上做到互惠互利。

(6)體諒(consideration)：發(fā)信人應(yīng)盡可能從收信人的立場來考慮問題，在分析對方會如何理解信息的基礎(chǔ)上，提供其所需要的信息。

(7)完整(completeness)：信函內(nèi)容必須力求完整，要包括寫信人希望收信人做出積極反應(yīng)的一切情況，或是回答來信所提出的全部問題和要求。I.

ShenzhenMingshangIndustrialCo.,Ltd21C,HangduBuliding,No.1006,HuafuRdShenzhen518031P.R.ofChinaRef:C8310November10,2009BeckmanInstruments,Inc.1120LincolnStDenver,CO80203USAExercisesAttn:Mr.PeterJohnson,SalesManagerDearSirs:Sub:AskingforPriceYourfirmhasbeenmendedtousbyBettyCorp.withwhomwehavedonebusinessformanyyears.Weareinterestedinyourdigitalcameras.Willyoukindlysendtheinformationaboutthepriceandtheafter-salesservice?Yourstruly,SHENZHENMINGSHANGINDUSTRIALCO.,LTDBlackWangBlackWangProcurementManagerCC:ElizabethClinton,AccountantExercisesII.EastmanKodak,Inc.2800ForestAvenueDallas,TX75234-7596USARef:C1264(參考編號：C1264)September14,2009

(日期：2009年9月14日)ChangXingCo.,LtdNo.120LishiRdXichengDistrict,Beijing100034P.R.ofChina

(信內(nèi)地址：中國北京市西城區(qū)禮士路120號長興商貿(mào)公司，

100034)Attn:Mr.MichaelLee,ManagerDearSirs:Sub:Quote

(事由：報價)Manythanksforyourinquiryofthel0thofSeptember.(非常感謝貴公司9月10日來函詢價).Weencloseourcatalogandpricelist.Ourpricesincludepostageandpacking.Thegoodscanbedeliveredimmediatelyfromstock.What’smore,wewouldgrantyouadiscountifyourquantitywerebigenough.Awaitingyourearlyorders.

(盼盡早下訂單).Yoursfaithfully,

(結(jié)尾禮詞)TomGreenSalesManagerEncls:CatalogueandPriceList

(附件2份：產(chǎn)品目錄與價目表)SectionELanguageGuideGrammarFocusWordBuildingThefollowingaresentenceswith“it”.Com