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英語(yǔ)作文高級(jí)表達(dá)方式一抽象名詞英語(yǔ)作文高級(jí)表達(dá)方式一
1.ABSENCE:(with/thereis)theabsenceofattempt/work缺少、缺乏、缺少、缺乏、沒(méi)有
A.Manymedicalexpertsarenowagreedthatwiththegeneralabsenceofroughage,modem
citizensareliterally—viaheartattacksandcancer-eatinganddrinkingthemselvesintothegrave.
許多醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)家現(xiàn)在一致認(rèn)為,由于食物中總體缺少粗糧,現(xiàn)代公民們就是這樣一日三餐,不
知不覺(jué)地患上了心臟病和癌癥。最終送命,這樣說(shuō)并非言過(guò)其實(shí)。
B.Thereseemstohavebeenanabsenceofattemptatconciliationbetweenrivalsects.
似乎沒(méi)有進(jìn)行任何嘗試去調(diào)解對(duì)立派之間的矛盾。
C.Forlargenumbersofpeople,theabsenceofworkisharmfultotheirhealth.
對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō),沒(méi)有工作對(duì)他們的身體反而有害。
2.ACCEPTANCE:have/find/obtain/gain/win(general/immediate/wide)acceptancefor/among/of
支持
A.Academicdishonestyhashadrelativelystrongpeersupportandacceptanceamongsome
students,partlybecausewedidnotmakeaseriousefforttoexplainwhysuchbehavioris
contemptible.
學(xué)習(xí)上的作弊得到同伴相對(duì)有力的支持,也被一些學(xué)生所接受。部分原因是我們沒(méi)有真正
努力去解釋為什么這種行為是可恥的。
B.Ifthatcanbedone,thehighwaywillservethepurposesuserswant.Thenitwillgainbroad
acceptanceandbecomeareality.
如果做到這一點(diǎn)的話,高架就會(huì)達(dá)到使用者所希望的目的。這樣就會(huì)得到廣泛的支持而成
為現(xiàn)實(shí)。
3.ACCESS:gain/get/have/attain/give(ready/easy)accessto
A.Advancesintechnologyhavesmoothedaccesstoinformation,renderingsuperfluouswhole
layersofmanagement.
技術(shù)的發(fā)展使我們能較容易獲取信息,也使整個(gè)管理層變得有些多余。
B.WhileitistruethatU.S.sourcesmayhavebetteraccesstotheinformation,theymightalso
havemorereasontoconcealoralterthatinformation.
美國(guó)新聞機(jī)構(gòu)獲取情報(bào)或許較為方便,但它們也可能有較多的理由去隱瞞或篡改情報(bào)。
4.ACQUISITION:acquisitionofknowledge/alanguage/information
A.Newspaperreading,ratherthanbeingsimplytheacquisitionofnewinformation,isakindof
passiveparticipationinthelifeofthenationalcommunity.
讀報(bào)不僅僅是獲得新的信息,而是一種被動(dòng)地參與國(guó)家生活的活動(dòng)。
B.Butinthepasttryingtoacceleratechildren'sacquisitionofacademicskillsintheirearlyage
wasseenasevidenceofbadparenting.
但在過(guò)去,若家長(zhǎng)們?cè)诤⒆舆€很小時(shí)就加快對(duì)他們的文化知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí),這種做法被認(rèn)為是
不好的教育法。
5.AGREEMENT:thereisgeneralagreementthat
A.Thereistotalagreementthattheactivityofhumansisatleastpartlyresponsibleforthe
problem.
有一點(diǎn)大家的意見(jiàn)是一致的:人類(lèi)的活動(dòng)對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題至少應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)部分責(zé)任。
B.Tocometoagreementoncontrolandreductionofweaponsbetweenthesuperpowersis
difficult.超級(jí)大國(guó)之間要在控制和削減武器方面達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)是很困難的。
6.ANALYSIS:makeacareful/closeanalysisof;attempt/defy/resistanalysis
A.Yetcloseanalysisofsuchpeopleoftenrevealstheexistenceofwhatmightbecalled"/stability
zones“intheirlives.
仔細(xì)分析這些人,往往會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),在他們生活中也存在可能稱(chēng)為的〃穩(wěn)定區(qū)域"。
B.Itrequiresaveryunusualmind,Whiteheadsaid,toundertaketheanalysisofafact.
懷特黑德說(shuō)過(guò),需要一種極不尋常的頭腦去分析一個(gè)事件。
7.ANTICIPATION:inanticipationofarise/fall/success
A.Allexperienceagooddealofanticipation,buttheanticipationpalesnexttotheexcitementof
firstcommunicatingverbally.
所有這一切都經(jīng)歷了許多的盼望,但這種盼望比起第一次語(yǔ)言交流的興奮要遜色多了。
B.Thefinancialmarketshadraisedinterestratesinanticipationofasqueeze.
金融市場(chǎng)因預(yù)計(jì)到銀根緊縮而提高了利率。
C.inanticipationofanearlyreply期待早復(fù)
8.ANTIDOTE:(serve)asan(strong/powerful)antidotetoboredom
A.Hesupported,forexample,universaleducationasanantidotetothenumbingeffectsof
economicspecialization.
例如他支持全民教育可以克服經(jīng)濟(jì)專(zhuān)業(yè)化帶來(lái)的麻木的影響。
9.ANTIPATHY:have/arouse/provoke/naturalantipathyto/towardshave/
A.Withoutquestion,however,thefirstmajorthinkertoexpressaclearantipathytotheurban
wayoflifewasThomasJefferson.
毫無(wú)問(wèn)題,第一個(gè)表示出對(duì)城市生活反感的大思想家是托馬斯?杰佛遜。
10.APATHY:show/have/withan(political/election)apathytowardsth.
A.Howcanwecurbthisgrowingstudentapathyandassureourselvesofcapable,responsible
leadershipforthefuture?
如何才能制止學(xué)生中日益發(fā)展的冷漠態(tài)度,以確保我們?cè)趯?lái)成為有能力、有責(zé)任的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)
人?
11.APPEAL:makeadirect/strongappealto
A.TheappealtoventurecapitalistsofinvestinginUnitedStateshightechnologycompaniesis
quiteobvious.
對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本家來(lái)說(shuō),投資于美國(guó)高技術(shù)公司的吸引力是顯而易見(jiàn)的。
B.Heholdsaspecialappealtolittlechildren.
他對(duì)小孩有種特殊的吸引力。
12.APPETITEhave/stimulateastrong/keenappetitefor(愛(ài)好,追求)for(愛(ài)好,追求)
A.Hehasagreat叩petiteforknowledge.他強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。
B.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeans
ofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.
在辦公室或工廠里長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作,給他們帶來(lái)的報(bào)酬不僅僅是生活給養(yǎng),而且是對(duì)樂(lè)趣的
強(qiáng)烈追求,即使是最簡(jiǎn)單、最樸實(shí)的樂(lè)趣。
13.APPLICATION:theapplicationofknowledge/theory
A.Wealedealingwiththeapplicationofpsychologytoadvertisingandpoliticalpropaganda.
我們說(shuō)的是把心理學(xué)應(yīng)用于廣告和政治宣傳。
B.Ingeneral,theapplication-ormisapplication-ofscienceandtechnologyinallfieldsiscertain
toaffectthestructureofsocietyasawhole.
總的說(shuō)來(lái),科學(xué)技術(shù)在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用或誤用,必然會(huì)影響整個(gè)社會(huì)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
14.APPRECIATION:cultivate/deepen/express/showan(better/keen)appreciationof欣賞、感謝、
理解、了解of欣賞、感謝、理解、欣賞
cultivatetheappreciationofgoodmusic培養(yǎng)對(duì)音樂(lè)的欣賞能力
A.Wetakethisopportunityofexpressing/toexpressoursincereappreciationofyourhelp.
對(duì)于你們的幫助,我們趁這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)向你們表示衷心的感謝。
B.promote/deepentheappreciationofChineseartsandlettersintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
促進(jìn)/加深美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)文學(xué)藝術(shù)的理解。
C.Hehasakeenappreciationofthestudents'needs,他深刻了解學(xué)生們的需要。
15.ASSESSMENT:makeanassessmentof評(píng)價(jià)
A.Althoughitis,ofcourse,muchmoredifficult,hecanalsomakeasubjectiveassessmentofthe
percentageofhisemotionalenergyinvestedinthejob.
雖然這很困難,但是他還能對(duì)在這份工作中投入多少精力作一個(gè)主觀的評(píng)價(jià)。
B.Theotherthingwehavetonoticeisthattheassessmentoftheintelligenceofanysubjectis
essentiallyacomparativeaffair.
我們必須注意的另一件事是,對(duì)智力評(píng)估實(shí)質(zhì)上是相對(duì)的。
16.ASSOCIATION:be/haveanassociationwith;inassociationwith聯(lián)系
A.dosthinassociationwithsb和某人一起做某事
B.Theysuggesttheanswermaybethelackofassociationwithotherhumansduringtheperiod
ofsleep.他們暗示這個(gè)回答或許和睡眠中缺少與其他人的聯(lián)系有關(guān)。
17.ATTACK:comeunder(personal/sharp)attack
A.Today,AmericancollegesanduniversitiesoriginallymodeledonGermanonesareunderstrong
attack.今天美國(guó)大學(xué)(最初是按照德國(guó)大學(xué)模式)正受到社會(huì)的激烈批評(píng)。
18.ATTAINMENT:theattainmentofgoals/aim/objective
A.Thiswilldeeplyimpressthemonyourmemory,andthesememorytraceswillsoonstart
influencingyoureverydaybehaviortowardtheattainmentofthegoal.
這將會(huì)把它們深深地銘記在你的腦海里。而這些記憶痕將很快開(kāi)始影響你的日常行為,促
使你朝著實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)而努力。
B.Schoolsusuallysetastheireducationalobjectivetheattainmentofabalanceddevelopmentof
aperson.學(xué)校通常把一個(gè)人獲得平衡發(fā)展作為教育的目標(biāo)。
19.ATTENTION:bring...topublicattention/claim/draw/cometotheattentionofA.Manyofthese
workersarepoorlyeducatedandunskilled,andtheyoftenlacktheunionrepresentationthathas
helpedbringotherindustrialdiseasetopublicattention.這些工人中許多沒(méi)受過(guò)什么教育,
又缺乏技術(shù),他們往往沒(méi)有自己的工會(huì)代表可以幫助他們讓公眾知道其他的職業(yè)病。B.As
forsowingmethods-probablyoverhalfofEurope'sseedwaswastedeveryyearbeforethe
ChineseideaoftheseeddrillcametotheattentionofEuropeans.至于播種方法,在中國(guó)人關(guān)
于種子條播機(jī)的想法引起歐洲人的注意之前,也許歐洲每年要浪費(fèi)一半以上的種子。C.The
sadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundtheworld
5
receivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighlypublicizedcases.今年初幾個(gè)透
明度頗高的案例中,有關(guān)世界各地女傭的悲慘狀況引起了新聞媒體的關(guān)注。20.ATTEMPT:
makeanattempt/inanattempttoA.Attemptstobreakupthisoldsystemhavebeenmadein
everypresidentialelectioninthepastonehundredyears.在過(guò)去的100年中,人們極力想打
破這個(gè)在歷屆總統(tǒng)大選中都實(shí)行的舊體制。B.Inanattempttodosth,…為了…dosthinan
attempttodo做某事是為了21.AVAILABILITY:theavailabilityofinformation/moneyA.They
dothisinorderthatbirthsoccurwiththearrivaloftherains,theavailabilityofgrazing,andthe
mother'sadequatesupplyofmilkfortheyoung.它們這樣做,是為了使生育正好與雨季相遇,
并有大量的青草生長(zhǎng),這樣母畜就有足夠的奶水喂養(yǎng)幼仔。22.AWARENESS:
heighten/reduce/increase/sharpen/spark/obscureone'sawarenessofA.TheBhopaltragedyfive
yearsago,whenthousandsofIndiansdiedafteranescapeofchemicals,sparkedabelated
environmentalawarenessamongIndia'smiddleclasses.5年前,因化學(xué)氣體的泄漏而發(fā)生的伯
帕爾慘劇使成千上萬(wàn)的印度人喪生。這個(gè)慘劇在印度的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)中喚起了一種姍姍來(lái)遲的
環(huán)保意識(shí)。B.Thecomputercouldobscureman'sawarenessoftheneedtocometotermswith
himself.電腦可能模糊了人需要對(duì)自身有限能力妥協(xié)的認(rèn)識(shí)。C.Theintelligentlistenermust
bepreparedtoincreasehisawarenessofthemusicalmaterialandwhathappenstoit.聰明的
聽(tīng)眾必須隨時(shí)提高自己對(duì)音樂(lè)素材的認(rèn)識(shí)以及有關(guān)這方面的意識(shí)。23.BARRIER:abarrierto
thedevelopment/progress
6
A.Butitisthelackofpoliticalwillandtheineptnessofestablishedsociopoliticalstructuresthat
aremajorbarrierstotheprogressinthisfield.但是,由于缺少政治意志加上現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)政治
結(jié)構(gòu)的不完善,這就極大地阻礙了這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展。B.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossible
forthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway,languageisalwaysabarriertothecontact
withthelocalpopulation.緊湊的日程安排使得旅游者不可能自己隨便閑逛。不管怎樣,語(yǔ)
言總會(huì)阻礙他們同當(dāng)?shù)厝说慕佑|。24.BELIEF:express/foster/holdabeliefin;thereisawidely
accepted/heldbeliefthat;contrarytopopular/general/growingbeliefbeliefA.Theenormous
successofsciencehasledtothegeneralbeliefthatscientistshavedevelopedandareemploying
effectivemethodsingainingnewknowledge.科學(xué)的巨大成功,使一般人認(rèn)為,科學(xué)家人數(shù)
在發(fā)展,他們?cè)诶糜行У姆椒ǐ@得新的知識(shí)。25.BOREDOM:toescape/interrupt/relieve
boredomA.Onlyanoccasionalstopatagasolinestationoratadrugstoretoreadmovie
magazinesinterruptstheirboredom.去加油站溜溜歇歇腳或到藥店走走,讀讀電影畫(huà)報(bào)這
樣可以解解悶氣。B.Thisincludeskeepingtheminmoresuitablecages,allowingsocialanimals
likedogstolivetogetherandtryingtoreducetheboredomthattheseanimalscanexperience.
其中包括把它們飼養(yǎng)在較合適的籠子里,讓狗這一類(lèi)愛(ài)結(jié)交的動(dòng)物生活在一起,盡量減少
它們的寂寞。26.CAPACITY:(havea)capacityfordevelopment/organizationA.Hitler,aidedby
aphenomenalcapacityfororganizationandbythereadinessofGermany'sgreatindustrialiststo
financehiscampaign,shrewdlyutilizedtheprevailingattitudetoestablishhispower.
7
由于他非凡的組織能力以及德國(guó)大企業(yè)家們?cè)敢赓Y助他的競(jìng)選,希特勒精明地利用了社會(huì)
上的這種態(tài)度,建立了他的政權(quán)。B.Butofallourproblems,themostimmediateandpressing,
theonewhichthreatenstoparalyzeourverycapacitytoact,obliterateourvisiontoofthe
future,istheplightoftheNegroofthecentercity.但是,在所有我們最直接和緊迫的問(wèn)題
中,威脅到損傷我們的行動(dòng)能力,威脅到遮住我們對(duì)未來(lái)的展望的就是市中心黑人的困境。
27.CELEBRATION:acelebrationoffreedom/achievement/successCELEBRATION:A.Any
celebrationofwhathasbeenaccomplishedduringourfirsttwocenturiesalsorequiresa
commitmenttowhatremainstobedoneduringthethirdcentury.慶祝在過(guò)去兩個(gè)世紀(jì)里所
取得的成就,同樣需要對(duì)第三個(gè)世紀(jì)里所要做的事情承擔(dān)起責(zé)任。B.Atthistime,andin
theplacewheresomanygreatnamesinAmericanhistoryhavetrod,werenewthiscelebration
offreedominthefullandcertainknowledgethatwithitcomesgreatresponsibility.止匕時(shí),在
美國(guó)歷史上許多偉人所踩過(guò)的地方,我們重新慶祝獲得的自由,確信隨之而來(lái)的是巨大的
責(zé)任。28.CERTAINTY:be/becomeacertaintyCERTAINTY:A.Itcanbesaidwithcertaintythat...
with/hascertainty可以斷言
B.Ihadthecertaintythathewasathome.我確信他在家。C.Somechildrenlearnbestbyrote,
instructuredenvironmentswithhighcertaintyandstrictdiscipline.Othersgainsuccessintheless
structurecTpermissive"atmosphereofa^progressive^school.有的孩子在高度穩(wěn)定和嚴(yán)明紀(jì)律
的嚴(yán)格環(huán)境中以死記硬背取得好成績(jī),另有一些則在“先進(jìn)〃學(xué)校比較寬松的環(huán)境里獲得了
成功。29.CHALLENGE:meet/acceptthechallengeA.BecauseIhadnoformaltraininginanyof
thesefieldswiththeexceptionofengineering,Ihadtolearntomeeteachchallengeofmanaging
abusinessasitarose.除了工程學(xué),在所有這些領(lǐng)域里我都沒(méi)受過(guò)正規(guī)的教育,所以每當(dāng)出
現(xiàn)一個(gè)
8
工商管理方面的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)、我只好學(xué)著去迎接它。30.CHANGE:undergo/bringabout/inaugurate
great/markedchangeA.Aftercrossingseveraltimezones,sleeprhythmsundergomarked
changesduringthefirstnight.經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)后,睡眠規(guī)律就會(huì)在第一個(gè)晚上發(fā)生很大變化。
31.CHOICE:makeawisechoiceA.Notonlydoliesnotprovideanyhope,theyinvadethe
autonomyofpatientsandrenderthemunabletomakeinformedchoicesconcerningtheirown
health.對(duì)病人隱瞞真情,不僅不能給予病人任何希望,還會(huì)侵犯病人的自由,使他們不
能對(duì)自己的健康做出明智的選擇。B.Whenchoicesaremadeamongalternativessuchasthose
justdescribed,itbecomesplainthatchoosingonealternativeofteninvolvegivingup
another.在上述幾個(gè)方案中做出選擇,顯然,挑選一個(gè)意味著放棄另一個(gè).32.
COMBINATION:(express/symbolize)arare/happycombinationofA.Heturnedouttobean
incrediblecombinationofstrengthandrelaxationonthetrack.在這方面他證明是把力量和放
松結(jié)合得最好的人。B.ThemodernworldisacombinationofEasternandWesterningredients
whichareinextricablyfused.現(xiàn)代世界是一個(gè)東西方緊密融合的結(jié)合體。33.COMFORT:
take/derive/seekcomfortfrom/enjoythecomfortof33.A.Peoplehavetakencomfortfromthe
ideathatourbrainsaremagicallyuniqueandcouldneverbeduplicated,nevermindsurpassed,
machines.by人的大腦是神奇般獨(dú)特的、不能被復(fù)制、不用擔(dān)心會(huì)被機(jī)器超過(guò),想到這一
點(diǎn)、,人們感到了極大的安慰。34.COMMAND:acquire/has/secureagoodcommandofA.But
thisisnotabusinessthatcanbeundertakeninadayorswiftly
9
improvisedbyamerecommandofthewill.但這種事并非一天就能做成的,也不是靠征服意
志就能一蹴而就的。35.COMMENT:makecommentaboutA.Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthat
theyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogeneration
anditisalwaystrue.老年人總是說(shuō)年輕人不像他們同齡時(shí)那樣了。一代一代人做出相同的
評(píng)論,而且總是真實(shí)的。with/to36.COMPARAISON:incomparisonwith/tomakecomparison
A.Yetcultureshockisrelativelymildincomparisonwiththemuchmoreseriousmalady,future
shock.與更嚴(yán)重的弊證、即未來(lái)沖擊相比,文化沖擊相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)要輕些。B.Theboredomthat
amanfeelswhenheisdoingnecessarythoughuninterestingworkisasnothingincomparison
withtheboredomthathefeelswhenhehasnothingtodowithhisdays.一個(gè)人當(dāng)他在必須做
無(wú)趣味的工作時(shí)所感到的乏味,和他成天無(wú)所事事而感到的乏味相比,幾乎算不了什么。
C.Thefirsttwomustbeequalforallwhoarebeingcompared,ifanycomparisonintermsof
intelligenceistobemade.如果就智力進(jìn)行比較的話,前兩個(gè)因素對(duì)所有要比較的人必須是
一樣的。37.COMPETITION:enter/getintocompetitionwithincompetitionwith/forA.the
OlympicGames,Inwomennotonlycannotwinanymedalsincompetitionwithmen,gulf
betweenthemissogreatthattheycannotevenqualifytheforthecontestswithmen.在奧運(yùn)
會(huì)上,女運(yùn)動(dòng)員在同男的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中不僅不能奪獎(jiǎng)牌,而且他們之間的鴻溝這么大,她們甚至
沒(méi)有資格和男運(yùn)動(dòng)員同場(chǎng)競(jìng)技。B.Itwouldalsoplacehimincompetitionwithotherworkers,
whichwouldbeplayingintothebosses'hands.這樣做還會(huì)把他置于同其他工人的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中,
而這正中老板之意。
10
38.CONCENTRATION:theconcentrationofconcentrationA.Thelackofgoods,services,and
householdaids,broughtonbythecountry'sconcentrationonheavyindustryattheexpenseof
consumergoods,affectswomenmuchmorethanmen.國(guó)家重視重工業(yè),忽視消費(fèi)品生產(chǎn),
由此帶來(lái)的商品、服務(wù)設(shè)施和家用器具的短缺對(duì)女士的影響要比男士的大。B.Strong
economicandsocialcurrentsencouragethecontinuedconcentrationoftheurbanpopulation
whichotherwisemightdisperseintomoresparselysettledareas.經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的向上形勢(shì)鼓勵(lì)
人們不斷向城市集中,要不然的話這些人口會(huì)分散到人口較少的地區(qū)。39.CONCERN:there
is/express/arouse/show/giveconcern39.over/for/about/withA.Ihaveadeeperconcernabout
highereducationandthecurrentnationalmood.我對(duì)高等教育和目前國(guó)家形勢(shì)所處的狀態(tài)
的深深關(guān)切。B.Meanwhilethepublicshowlittleconcernaboutthedangeroftotaldestruction
bynuclearweapons:apossibilitypeopleareconsciouslyawareof.同時(shí)公眾對(duì)核武器造成的
全球毀滅的危險(xiǎn)很少關(guān)心,雖然他們意識(shí)到這種可能性。40.CONSIDERATION:give
consideration/thoughtto;consideration/oconsiderationA.Alltheargument
soundslogicahbutitisobviousthatnoconsiderationistobegiventohisconcernforeitherthe
womenorthechildren.所有這些論點(diǎn)聽(tīng)上去有道理,但它沒(méi)有考慮到對(duì)婦女或者對(duì)孩子的
關(guān)心。41.CONNECTION:thereis/bearconnectiontoA.Italsoenablesustotellourselvesthat
thedespairofhomelesspeoplebearsnointimateconnectiontotheprivilegedexistencewe
enjoy-when,infact,werentorpurchaseoneofthoserestoredtownhousesthatonceprovided
shelterforpeoplenowhuddledinthestreet.
11
同時(shí)也使我們告誡自己,無(wú)家可歸者的絕望和我們享受到的特權(quán)生活沒(méi)有密切關(guān)系的。而
實(shí)際上,我們租的或買(mǎi)的那些修建過(guò)的市中心房子,曾經(jīng)是現(xiàn)在流浪街頭人的住所。
consciousness42.CONSCIOUSNSS:anational/world/class/deepconsciousnessA.Inotherwords,
theworldofurbanAmericaasadarkplaceundeservingofsupportorhelphasbecomefixedin
theAmericanconsciousness.Andwearepayingforthatattitudeinourcitiestoday.換句話說(shuō),
美國(guó)城市作為一個(gè)黑暗的地方,不值得投資和幫助,這種想法已深深扎根于美國(guó)人民的思
想意識(shí)中。今天我們的城市正在為這種態(tài)度付出代價(jià)。B.Furtherstudyandbetterpublic
understandingareneeded,ofcourse.Butwhatisessentialisaglobalconsciousness.當(dāng)然,
需要進(jìn)一步研究和更好地理解公眾,當(dāng)然,更為重要的是全球的意識(shí)。C.themoral
consciousnessofanation一個(gè)民族的道德意識(shí)recovernationalconsciousness恢復(fù)民族意識(shí)
Ithasawakenedmillionstopoliticalconsciousness.它喚起了千百萬(wàn)人的政治覺(jué)悟。into/43.
CONTACT:comeinto/establish/create/need/regain/retain/strengthen
(close/frequent/understanding)contactswith/between;bring/ocontactwithA.But
ourmodernworldofmusicalsobringsusintocontactwithmusicthatisnotalwayssoquickly
grasped.然而,現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)世界卻也讓我們總是不能很快理解接觸的音樂(lè)。B.Hence,itcan
bearguedthatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontextsareall
likelytohaveexertedsomeinfluenceinshapingourattitudes,interestsandevenskillsrelevant
tohowwehandleleisure.因此可以這么說(shuō),我們?cè)谶@些不同的環(huán)境所接觸到的人們,很可
能對(duì)我們的態(tài)度和興趣的形成、甚至包括如何處理有關(guān)空閑時(shí)間的能力產(chǎn)生一定的影響。
C.Nationalgovernments,also,willbebroughtintocloserandclosercontactwithscience.同
時(shí),這將使各國(guó)政府同科學(xué)保持越來(lái)越密切的聯(lián)系。
12
44.CONTRIBUTION:makeacontributiontosociety/humanA."Someonewhohasmadealasting
contributiontohumancivilizationisgreat,“saidDeanKeithSimonton.西門(mén)頓教務(wù)長(zhǎng)說(shuō),“長(zhǎng)
期為人類(lèi)文明作出貢獻(xiàn)的人是偉大的。"B.Theirincreasingdemandforcontinuingeducation
offersunprecedentedopportunitiesforuniversitiestoincreaseandextendtheircontributionsto
society.他們對(duì)繼續(xù)教育的不斷要求給大學(xué)以空前的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)增加和擴(kuò)大對(duì)社會(huì)的貢獻(xiàn)。45.
CONTROL:exertcontrolover;bring...undercontrolA.Yetstudiesshowthatjobsatisfaction
comeslessfromhowmuchpeopleearnthanfromthechallengeoftheirjobsandthecontrol
theyareabletoexert.調(diào)查表明,工作所提供的滿足不是來(lái)自攢多少錢(qián),而是來(lái)自工作的
挑戰(zhàn)和對(duì)工作的控制力。B.Toprotectthevalueoftheirinvestedcapital,venturecapitalists
desirecontrolovervariouscorporatedecisions.為保障其投入資本的價(jià)值,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本家希望
對(duì)公司的各種決定進(jìn)行控制。C.However,verylittlecontrolcanbeexercisedoverthemedia
usedtogenerateinformationthatcomestoyou.然而,對(duì)曾經(jīng)用來(lái)給你提供信息的媒體幾乎
沒(méi)有什么控制。D.Butalthoughthisformofgeneticengineeringwillgiveusgreatcontrolover
mankind'sfuture,thereareseveralreasonsforcaution.但是,雖然這種基因工程會(huì)讓我們極大
地控制人類(lèi)的未來(lái),我們還是有諸多理由表現(xiàn)出謹(jǐn)慎。46.CONVICTION:
confirm/express/deepen/hold/voicetheconviction;carry/bringconvictiontosb.;have/thereisa
strong/widespreadstrong/widespreadconvictionthat;beintheconvictionthatthat;A.Heis
inthefullconvictionthatrealknowledgeistheendproductofathoroughstudyofthe
history.他深信,只有對(duì)歷史加以透徹研究,才能真正學(xué)到知識(shí)。
13
B.confirmaconviction維持原判bringconvictiontosb使某人信服Hiswordscarried
conviction.他的話令人信服。deepenone'sconviction加深某人的信念Sheexpressedherfirm
convictionthattelevisionwasharmfultochildren.她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為電視對(duì)兒童有害。47.
CORRELATION:thereis/findcorrelationbetweenA.Ifheisboredandsecure,hemayinvestvery
little-therebeingnonecessarycorrelationbetweentimedevotedandemotioninvested.如果
他感到厭煩但又安全,他可以幾乎不用投資,因?yàn)樵诜瞰I(xiàn)的時(shí)間和投資的精力之間沒(méi)有必
然的聯(lián)系。B.Yetwhentheystudiedthevarioussleepstages,theyfoundnocorrectionbetween
sleepphysiologyandunhappymood.然而,當(dāng)他們研究不同的睡眠階段時(shí),他們便發(fā)現(xiàn)睡
眠生理學(xué)與不愉快的心情毫無(wú)聯(lián)系。48.CREDIBILITY:lose/enhancethecredibilityof/with48.
A.Fortheemergingcompanytheassociationwithacorporatepartnermaynotonlyenhancethe
emergingcompany'sbalancesheet,butmayenhanceitscredibilitywithcustomers,supplier
investorsandothers.對(duì)于新興公司而言,與大公司合伙人聯(lián)合,不僅可以使公司的資產(chǎn)負(fù)
債表大為改觀,而且還可以提高客戶(hù)、供應(yīng)商、投資者和其他人對(duì)公司的信任度。B.”Lies
alsodoharmtothosewhotellthem:harmtotheirintegrityandinthelongrun,totheir
credibility.謊言也傷害說(shuō)謊者自己,損害他們的真誠(chéng),并最終損害他們的信譽(yù)。49.CRITICISM:
besubjectedto(harsh/sharp)criticism;challenge49.CRITICISM:
/defy/excite/invite/offer/resent/tolerate/survive(considerable/hostile/frank/severe/harsh)
criticism;comeunder(fierce/sharp)criticismforA.AcommonplacecriticismofAmericanculture
isitsexcessivepreoccupationwithmaterialgoodsandcorrespondingneglectofthehumanspirit.
14
對(duì)美國(guó)文化最常見(jiàn)的批評(píng)是其過(guò)分追求物質(zhì)商品而忽視人的精神因素。B.Whitecollaroffice
workers,too,havecomeundercriticismrecentlyforrobbingtheirbossesoftheirfull-time
services.最近白領(lǐng)工作者同樣受到批評(píng),說(shuō)他們沒(méi)讓他們的雇主得到全日制服務(wù)。C.Ina
sense,sciencefictioniscriticismofreality.從某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō),科幻小說(shuō)是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的批
評(píng)。D.defyeverycriticism拒不接受任何批評(píng)excite/arouse/provoke/stirupcriticism弓|起批
評(píng)invite/welcomecustomers'criticisms歡迎顧客批評(píng)offersomecriticismsoftheargument
broughtforwardbyMr.Smith對(duì)史密斯先生提出的論點(diǎn)提幾點(diǎn)批評(píng)意見(jiàn)50.CULTIVATION:
thecultivationofpersonality/skillA.Thosewithabettereducationandinprofessional
occupationsmaytendtoseekrecreationandpersonaldevelopment(eg.cultivationofskillsand
hobbies)inleisure.那些接受過(guò)較好教育的專(zhuān)業(yè)人員可能在空閑時(shí)更傾向于尋求娛樂(lè)和個(gè)人
發(fā)展(如培養(yǎng)技能和愛(ài)好等)。B.Secondis,thedevelopmentofcharacter,especiallythe
cultivationofmilitaryvirtuessuchasobedience,loyalty,strengthofwill,self-control,capacityfor
sacrifice,andprideinresponsibility.第二是培養(yǎng)一個(gè)人的性格,尤其是軍事素質(zhì)如服從、忠
誠(chéng)、意志力、自控力、犧牲精神和責(zé)任感。51.CURE:thereis/developnocureforA.Needs
arelimited,butnotgreeds.Sciencehasdevelopednocureforenvy,soourwealthboostsour
happinessonlybrieflywhileshrinkingthatofourneighbors.需要是有限的,而貪婪是沒(méi)有止
境的??茖W(xué)并沒(méi)有研制出克服妒忌的良方。所以財(cái)富也只可以有限地增進(jìn)我們的幸福,而
同時(shí)卻會(huì)損害我們鄰居的幸福。52.DEMAND:thereisanincreasingdemand(pressure)for
A.Thefearmayalsobringincreasingdemandsforpoliceprotection,andelectionof
law-and-orderpoliticians.
15
這種恐懼心理帶給人們的是:要求警察的保護(hù)和選舉執(zhí)法官的呼聲越來(lái)越高。B.Asthe
worlddemandfornewinformationtechnologiescontinuestoexperienceunprecedentedgrowth,
asignificantportionofavailableventurecapitalfundscallbeexpectedtobetunneledinto
information,technologythroughouttheworldinthenextfewyears.由于世界各國(guó)的需求,新
信息技術(shù)繼續(xù)以前所未有的速度增長(zhǎng),今后幾年,世界各地的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本基金的大部分可望
投入信息技術(shù)部門(mén)。53.DENIAL:thedenialofA.Hisdenialofourpetitioncausedthestudents
torebel.由于他拒絕了我們的請(qǐng)求,引起了學(xué)生們的反抗。B.Theneedforgratitudeis
somethingweallfeel,anddenialofitcandomuchtoharmthespiritofkindnessand
cooperation.我們都需要感激,因此拒絕接受就會(huì)損害友好和合作的精神。54.DEPARTURE:
make/justify/markanewdeparturein/fromthetraditionalvalue/oldmethodA.makeanew
departure成為一個(gè)新的開(kāi)始Hisdictionarymarkedanewdepartureinlexicography.他的詞典
標(biāo)志了詞典學(xué)的新起點(diǎn)。Adeparturewasmadefromoldcustom.背棄舊習(xí)俗。Thereare
occasionsjustifyingdeparturefromcustom.有時(shí)違背慣例是有道理的。55.DEVOTION:have
devotiontoA.Devotiontothatlandhasbeenthesourceofconflictinthisareainthelast
decade.人們對(duì)土地的熱愛(ài)是過(guò)去10年中地區(qū)矛盾沖突的根源。B.Successfactorislargely
amatterofluck-beingintherightplaceattherighttime.Othersspeakofutterdevotiontowork,
combinedwithadegreeofruthlessness.成功的因素主要是運(yùn)氣,即在合適的地方和合適的
時(shí)間。但有的人認(rèn)為是對(duì)工作極端的獻(xiàn)身精神,加上一定程度的殘忍。C.Youngpeoplehave
anairoffreedom,andtheyhavenotadreary
16
commitmenttomeanambitionsorloveofcomfort.Theyarenotanxioussocialclimber,andthey
havenodevotiontomaterialthings.年輕人自由自在,他們并不為自私的抱負(fù)、舒適的追求
所束縛。他們不急于爬社會(huì)的階梯,他們不想投身物質(zhì)利益的追求。56.DESIRE:(have)a
desireto/forA.ItisaproductofAmericans/increasingprosperityandoftheirdesiretoowna
pieceofland.這是美國(guó)人日益繁榮和有一塊土地的愿望的結(jié)果。B.Drivenbythe
government'sdesireforacredibleautoindustryandbytheirownneedtoachieveeconomicsof
scale,automakershaveembarkedonexpansionprogramsthatenvisageannualoutputof600
000vehiclesbythemid-1990s.政府有建立可信的轎車(chē)工業(yè)的愿望,企業(yè)有實(shí)現(xiàn)其規(guī)模經(jīng)
濟(jì)效益的需要。受這兩個(gè)因素的驅(qū)動(dòng),轎車(chē)生產(chǎn)廠家開(kāi)始實(shí)施一系列發(fā)展規(guī)劃,指望在20
世紀(jì)90年代中期,轎車(chē)年產(chǎn)量可達(dá)60萬(wàn)輛。57.DESIRABILITY:question/provethedesirability
(好處;可取之處)ofdesirability(好處;可取之處)A.Theyquestionedthedesirability
andutility,inthelightoftheinternationalsituation,continuingthesearchforsuchadefinition,
of鑒于當(dāng)時(shí)的國(guó)際形勢(shì),對(duì)于繼續(xù)謀求這樣一個(gè)定義是否可取或是否有用,他們表示懷疑。
B.Thisdebateoverthedesirabilityofcontinuedeconomicgrowthisofprimeimportanceto
businessandindustry.這場(chǎng)有關(guān)持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的辯論對(duì)商業(yè)和工業(yè)都非常重要。C.Nobody
doubtsthedesirabilityofgoodhealth.沒(méi)有人會(huì)懷疑健康的好處。58.DISAGREEMENT:
express/thereisdisagreementA.expressone'sdisagreementwith表達(dá)某人與…的不同意見(jiàn)59.
59.DISCOVERY:(make)thediscoveryofA.Ayoungman'sfirstcarislessameansof
transportationthanamonumenttothisdiscoveryofyouthfulfreedom.
17
一個(gè)年輕人的第一輛汽車(chē)與其說(shuō)是一種交通工具還不如說(shuō)是發(fā)現(xiàn)年輕人自由的標(biāo)志。
B.Heisdoomedtoawastedlife:hehasaslittleprospectofmakingascientificdiscoveryasan
electronicbrainhas.他注定要虛度一生。他就像電腦一樣。不大可能做出任何科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。60.
DISPLAY:make/withadisplayofmake/withA.Thepublicdisplayoffear,sorrow,anger,and
irritationrevealsalackofself-disciplinethatshouldbeavoidedbythePositiveWomenjustas
muchasbythePositiveMan.在公眾場(chǎng)合表現(xiàn)出害怕、傷感、氣憤和惱怒是缺乏自控能力的
表現(xiàn),而作為“自信女士〃和“自信男士〃都應(yīng)該避免。B.makeadisplayof炫耀,賣(mài)弄;表
示makeadisplayofone'swealth炫耀自己的財(cái)富Hemadeagreatdisplayofhislearning.他大
肆賣(mài)弄自己的學(xué)問(wèn)。makeadisplayofone'saffection表示親熱61.DISSATISFACTION:
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