初中英語定語從句公開課課件

定語從句

畢業(yè)班專用第一頁，共31頁。第一頁，共31頁。定語從句概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾girl,叫做定語從句第二頁，共31頁。第二頁，共31頁。1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.第三頁，共31頁。第三頁，共31頁。Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并為一個句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.第四頁，共31頁。第四頁，共31頁。先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when第五頁，共31頁。第五頁，共31頁。

定語從句的用法:當(dāng)先行詞是物時,用which

或that引導(dǎo).Thesearethetrees

which

wereplantedlastyear.當(dāng)先行詞是人時,用who,whom,whose,that引導(dǎo).第六頁，共31頁。第六頁，共31頁。who,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別.who

作定語從句的主語或賓語.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語第七頁，共31頁。第七頁，共31頁。Whom

作定語從句的賓語Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作賓語第八頁，共31頁。第八頁，共31頁。whose作定語從句的定語.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定語第九頁，共31頁。第九頁，共31頁。that

可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.注意:關(guān)系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.第十頁，共31頁。第十頁，共31頁。下列情況只能用that1.當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時。eg.TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.2.當(dāng)先行詞是指物的little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,theone,everything,等不定代詞時。

第十一頁，共31頁。第十一頁，共31頁。eg.EverythingwesawinthefilmwasOK.eg.AllthatIcandohasbeendone.3.當(dāng)先行詞被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修飾時eg.Ihaveeatenallthefoodthatisleft.4.當(dāng)先行詞是Therebe句型中的主語且指物時。eg.Thereislittleworkthatisfitforyou.

沒有什么工作適合你做。第十二頁，共31頁。第十二頁，共31頁。5.當(dāng)先行詞同時包括人或物時。eg.Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweareinterestedin.

我們常常談?wù)撐覀兏信d趣的人或事。6.當(dāng)主句是who或which時。eg.Whoisthegirlthathasblacklonghair?eg.Whichisthepenthatyoubought?第十三頁，共31頁。第十三頁，共31頁。7.當(dāng)先行詞作主句的表語時。eg.Chinaisnotthecountrythatusedto.

中國不再是過去那樣的國家。eg.It’sasunnydaythatwearelongingfor.

這就是我們所渴望的晴天。8.當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾時。第十四頁，共31頁。第十四頁，共31頁。eg.ThisistheverybeautifulgirlthatI’mlookingfor.

這正是我一直在尋找的漂亮女孩.eg.That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.eg.YouarethelastpersonthatImeethere.

你是我在這兒遇見的最后一個人。第十五頁，共31頁。第十五頁，共31頁。Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.第十六頁，共31頁。第十六頁，共31頁。4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that第十七頁，共31頁。第十七頁，共31頁。7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat第十八頁，共31頁。第十八頁，共31頁。句子翻譯1.這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.第十九頁，共31頁。第十九頁，共31頁。3.我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那個女的是一名教師.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.第二十頁，共31頁。第二十頁，共31頁。修飾物體時關(guān)系代詞that和which的區(qū)分使用that的情況：1、當(dāng)先行詞是nothing,something,anything,all,each等不定代詞時。eg.Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme?2、當(dāng)先行詞被all,any,some,no,not,every,each等修飾時。

eg.Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.3、當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞所修飾時。eg.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisbird.

第二十一頁，共31頁。第二十一頁，共31頁。4、當(dāng)先行詞被thevery,thelast,thenext,theonly等詞修飾時。eg.ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.5、當(dāng)先行詞又有人又有物時。eg.Iwon’tforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw.只能使用which的情況。1、非限制性定語從句中。eg.Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2、在介詞之后。eg.Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.3、當(dāng)主句中的主語被that修飾時。eg.ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.第二十二頁，共31頁。第二十二頁，共31頁。修飾人時關(guān)系代詞that和who,whom的區(qū)分。當(dāng)主句中的主語是who時，只能用that。eg.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?在非限制性定語從句中以及介詞后面時只能用who或者whom。eg.Ihaveason,whoisreallylovelyandinteresting.Thereare40studentsintheclass,mostofwhomareboys.關(guān)系代詞whose既能修飾人，也能修飾物，在定語從句中充當(dāng)定語，修飾先行詞。eg.SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishsoundsverybeautiful.Maryhasaverygooddog,whosehairturnsoutwhiteandblack.第二十三頁，共31頁。第二十三頁，共31頁。關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的用法以及與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分。關(guān)系副詞在定語從句當(dāng)中只能充當(dāng)狀語，當(dāng)一個句子能夠完整地表達(dá)一個意思時，我們就可以給這個句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。eg.Iwon’tforgetthetimewhenIgotmarried.Haveyoustillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether?Thisistheplacewherewehadagoodtime.IsthisthehousewhereMrSmithlives?Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewon’tjoinus.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tcometosweeptheclassroom?第二十四頁，共31頁。第二十四頁，共31頁。關(guān)系副詞when,where和關(guān)系代詞that,which的區(qū)分。同樣是修飾一個地點，有時使用where，有時使用that/which；同樣是修飾一個時間，有時使用when，有時使用that/which。這主要看兩點：一是定語從句是否完整；二是定語從句中的謂語動詞是否是一個及物動詞。請比較以下句子：Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.Shewon’tforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland.Shewon’tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether.That’sthedatewhenwewenttothecollege.That’sthedatethatshewon’tforgetforever.Ilikethetimewhenwelivedtogether.Ilikethetimethatwehadtogether.第二十五頁，共31頁。第二十五頁，共31頁。關(guān)系副詞when,where,why和介詞+which之間的關(guān)系。關(guān)系副詞when,where,why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which介詞的位置非常靈活，有時放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時放在動詞之后。eg.1.Iwon’tforgetthedatewhen(onwhich)Iwasborn.2.Thisistheroomwhere(inwhich)Ilived.=ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin.3.Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)hehaven’tcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthedayswhen(inwhich)theylivedinTianjin.第二十六頁，共31頁。第二十六頁，共31頁。Consolidationexercises.Fillintheblankswithsuitablerelativepronouns.1.Thisistheonlybook____Igotlastyear.2.Isthisthebookin____youareinterested?3.Thisisthelargestanimal____Tomsawinthezoo.4.Rosestillremembersthetreesandteachers____exist(存在)inthemotherschool.5.Allthedesks____areboughtlookreallywonderful.6.Doyouhaveanymoney____isusedtobuildthefactory?7.Tomhasatoy,____wasgivenbyhisfather.8.Thisisthesecondwatch____myfatherboughtforme.第二十七頁，共31頁。第二十七頁，共31頁。Exercises:Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs.1.Isthistheroom____

youcleanedlasttime?2.Isthistheroom____welivedbefore?3.Thisisthegarden____theystayedforanight.4.Thisisthegarden____theyvisitedlasttime.5.Tomhasforgottentheday____helefthishome.6.Tomhasforgottentheday____Itoldhimlastday.7.Shestillrememberstheyear____shefoundherfirstjob.8.Shestillrememberstheyear____shespentinJining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthat第二十八頁，共31頁。第二十八頁，共31頁。Exercises:Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs.1.Isthistheroom____

youcleanedlasttime?2.Isthistheroom____welivedbefore?3.Thisisthegarden____theystayedforanight.4.Thisisthegarden____theyvisitedlasttime.5.Tomhasforgottentheday____helefthishome.6.Tomhasforgottentheday____Itoldhimlastday.7.Shestillrememberstheyear____shefoundherfirstjob.8.Shestillremembersthe