完形填空議論文應(yīng)試策略（四） （ 含答案解析 ）考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)（新高考專用）

完形填空議論文應(yīng)對(duì)策略考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)精考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)精講【題型特點(diǎn)】議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見(jiàn)解或提出主張的說(shuō)理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀的解釋事物，還力圖說(shuō)服讀者相信并接受某一觀點(diǎn)。不管是在漢語(yǔ)中，還是在英語(yǔ)中，議論文都是由論點(diǎn)（作者的觀點(diǎn)，也就是被證明的對(duì)象、論據(jù)（用來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)的依據(jù)，是說(shuō)明論點(diǎn)的理由和材料）和論證（運(yùn)用論據(jù)證明論點(diǎn)的過(guò)程與方法），這三個(gè)要素構(gòu)成的，這也是一個(gè)提出問(wèn)題——分析問(wèn)題——解決問(wèn)題的過(guò)程。因此，典型的議論文一般就由序論（提出問(wèn)題，即what）、本論（分析問(wèn)題，即why）和結(jié)論（解決問(wèn)題，即how）三個(gè)部分構(gòu)成。議論文有自己的語(yǔ)言個(gè)性，它不同于記敘文的生動(dòng)形象，也不同于說(shuō)明文的簡(jiǎn)明易懂。議論是對(duì)具體事物、事理作出的理論上分析與闡述，因此，它的語(yǔ)言自然客觀的、抽象的、概括的。同時(shí)，它的語(yǔ)言也很準(zhǔn)確，合乎邏輯。文中會(huì)較多地使用，諸如since（既然），nowthat（既然），therefore（因而），inthatcase（在那種情況下），so（所以），Itfollowsthat…（因而…），If…，wemayconcludethat

…（如果……，我們可以這樣下結(jié)論……），Shoulditbethecase

（如果是這樣的話……），Idon’twantto…,but…（我并不想……），Itistruethat…,but…（誠(chéng)然……但是……）,Evenif

…（即使……）等有辯論和推理含義的連接和過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)與結(jié)構(gòu)，以增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性和邏輯性。此外，作者的寫作態(tài)度一般也較誠(chéng)懇，在文章中通常使用的是與讀者平等交流的語(yǔ)氣，不會(huì)給人以居高臨下、以勢(shì)居人、逼人接受的感覺(jué)，在遣詞造句方面多使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和can,may,might,could,would,should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞?！緫?yīng)試策略】1.

通覽把握作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。議論文往往體現(xiàn)作者對(duì)某一事物的觀點(diǎn)，而作者的觀點(diǎn)就是文章的論點(diǎn)?？忌盐兆髡叩挠^點(diǎn)，把握作者對(duì)某一事物是褒還是貶，是贊成還是反對(duì)，而通常把握了作者的觀點(diǎn)也就找準(zhǔn)了文章的論點(diǎn)。把握文章的開(kāi)頭，總結(jié)文章的結(jié)尾。議論文的篇首或結(jié)尾出現(xiàn)話題中心，通過(guò)首段或末段把握文章的主題。2.

試填注意段與段之間的邏輯。議論文往往圍繞某一個(gè)論點(diǎn)用不同的論據(jù)加以佐證，往往每一段就是一個(gè)論據(jù)，而論據(jù)和論據(jù)之間又相互聯(lián)系、互為補(bǔ)充，每一段往往就是其中一個(gè)角度或側(cè)面。3.

復(fù)核通讀全文，檢驗(yàn)每條論據(jù)是否都合情合理，都能強(qiáng)而有力地支撐論點(diǎn)。_____優(yōu)選真題演練優(yōu)選真題演練【上海市控江中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年學(xué)高三上學(xué)期9月月考】NobusinesswouldwelcomebeingcomparedtoBigTobaccoorgambling.Yetthatiswhatishappeningtomakersofvideogames.Foryearsparentshavecasuallycomplainedthattheiroffspringare“addicted”totheirsmartphones.Today,____21____,evermoredoctorshaveusingthetermliterally.OnJanuary1st“gamingdisorder”—inwhichgamesareplayed____22____,despitecausingharm—gainsrecognitionfromtheWorthHealthOrganization.AfewmonthsagoChina,theworld'sbiggestgamingmarket,announcednewruleslimitingchildrentojustasinglehourofplayaday.Westernpoliticiansworrypubliclyaboutsomegames'similaritytogambling.Clinicsaresproutingaroundtheworld,promisingtocurepatientsoftheirhabit.Aregamesreallyaddictive?Psychologistsare____23____.Thecaseforthedefenceisthatthisisjustanothermoralpanic.Killjoysinthepastissued____24____seriouswarningsabouttelevision,rock'n'roll,jazz,comicbooks,andevennovels.Asthenewestformofmassmedia,gamingismerelyenduringitsowntimeinthestocksbeforeiteventuallyceasestobecontroversial.Furthermore,defendersargue,thecriteriausedtodiagnosegamingaddictionaretoo____25____.Obsessivegaming,theysuggest,isaslikelytobeasymptom(ofdepression,say)asadisorderinitsownright.Theprosecutionrefutesthat,unlikerockbandsornovelists,gamesdevelopershaveboththemotiveandthemeanstoengineertheirproductstomakethem____26____.Themotivearisesfromabusiness-modelshift.Manyusea"free-mium"model,inwhichthegameisfreeandmoneyismadefrompurchasesofin-gamegoods.That____27____playtimedirectlytoprofits.Themeansisacombinationofpsychologicaltheoryanddatathathelpsgames-makers____28____thatplaytime.Psychologistsalreadyknowquitealotaboutthesortsofthingsthatanimals,includinghumans,findrewarding.Smartphonesusetheirpermanentinternetconnectionstosendgameplaydatabacktodevelopers.Thatallowsproductstobeconstantlyfine-tunedto____29____spending.Whilepsychologistsargueaboutthefinerpointsofwhatexactlycountsasaddiction,theindustryshouldrecognizethat,intherealworld,ithasaproblem.Clinicsarealreadyreportingboomingbusiness,aslock-downshavegivengamersmoretimetospendwiththeirhobby.Theregulatoryclimatefortechisgetting____30____.Andbeingassociatedinthepublicmind,fairlyornot,withgamblingandtobaccowillnotdotheindustryanyfavours.Itwouldbewisetogetaheadofthediscussion.Agoodplacetostartwouldbewithharddata.Manyofthestudiessupportingtheopinionthatgamesareaddictiveina____31____sensearenotclear:theyrelyonself-reportedsymptoms,contesteddiagnosticcriteria,andsoon.Evenbasicquestionsabouttheamountoftimeandmoneyspentbyusersarehardtoanswer.Theindustryhasanabundanceof____32____thatcouldhelp.Butgamingfirmsmostlykeepdetailsofhowgamersbehave____33____,citingcommercialsensitivity.Inthelongrun,thatwillproveunwise.Gamingfirmsshouldmakemoreoftheirdataavailabletoresearchers.If—asseemslikely—worriesaboutaddictivenessare____34____,itishardtothinkofaclearerwayofshowingit.Andifnot,itisbetterforfirmstorecognizetheproblemnowanddosomethingaboutit____35____.Thealternativeisthatregulatorswillforcethemtoact.Andonceagovernmentisseizedbyafitofmoralpanic,itcanlashout.21.A.however B.therefore C.still D.instead22.A.superbly B.compulsively C.brilliantly D.proportionately23.A.split B.determined C.diversified D.misunderstood24.A.directly B.jointly C.similarly D.formally25.A.loose B.objective C.basic D.strict26.A.valuable B.marketable C.accessible D.irresistible27.A.applies B.ties C.adds D.draws28.A.control B.reduce C.maximize D.restrict29.A.cut B.boost C.finance D.balance30.A.milder B.damper C.gentler D.chillier31.A.broad B.legal C.technical D.medical32.A.data B.time C.wealth D.leisure33.A.open B.secret C.independent D.reliable34.A.overblown B.shared C.eased D.dismissed35.A.reluctantly B.thoroughly C.voluntarily D.adequately【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。多年來(lái)，父母?jìng)兘?jīng)常抱怨他們的孩子對(duì)智能手機(jī)“上癮”。然而，今天，越來(lái)越多的醫(yī)生從字面上使用這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。文章主要說(shuō)明了心理學(xué)家對(duì)于游戲上癮的不同看法以及作者認(rèn)為游戲公司應(yīng)該主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)向研究人員提供更多的數(shù)據(jù)，來(lái)診斷成癮問(wèn)題。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，今天，越來(lái)越多的醫(yī)生從字面上使用這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。A.however然而；B.therefore因此；C.still仍然；D.instead反而。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：1月1日，“游戲障礙”——盡管會(huì)造成傷害，但人們?nèi)詴?huì)被迫玩游戲——獲得了世界衛(wèi)生組織的認(rèn)可。A.superbly雄偉地；B.compulsively強(qiáng)制地；C.brilliantly燦爛地；D.proportionately成比例的。根據(jù)后文“despitecausingharm”中despite表示讓步，可知，盡管會(huì)造成傷害，但人們?nèi)詴?huì)被迫玩游戲。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：心理學(xué)家分成了幾個(gè)派別。A.split分裂；B.determined決定；C.diversified多樣化；D.misunderstood誤解。根據(jù)后文“defendersargue”以及“Theprosecutionrefutesthat”可知心理學(xué)家對(duì)此觀點(diǎn)不一，分成了幾個(gè)派別。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：過(guò)去，掃興者對(duì)電視、搖滾樂(lè)、爵士樂(lè)、漫畫書甚至小說(shuō)也發(fā)出過(guò)類似的嚴(yán)重警告。A.directly直接地；B.jointly共同地；C.similarly相似地；D.formally正式地。根據(jù)后文“seriouswarningsabouttelevision,rock'n'roll,jazz,comicbooks,andevennovels”可知，過(guò)去掃興者對(duì)電視、搖滾樂(lè)、爵士樂(lè)、漫畫書甚至小說(shuō)也發(fā)出過(guò)類似的嚴(yán)重警告。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，辯護(hù)者認(rèn)為，用于診斷游戲成癮的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)過(guò)于寬松。A.loose松散的；B.objective客觀的；C.basic基本的；D.strict嚴(yán)格的。根據(jù)后文“Obsessivegaming,theysuggest,isaslikelytobeasymptom(ofdepression,say)asadisorderinitsownright.”可知，他們認(rèn)為，沉迷于游戲本身既可能是一種疾病，也可能是一種癥狀（比如抑郁癥），即用于診斷游戲成癮的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)過(guò)于寬松。故選A。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：起訴方反駁說(shuō)，與搖滾樂(lè)隊(duì)或小說(shuō)家不同，游戲開(kāi)發(fā)者有動(dòng)機(jī)和手段來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)自己的產(chǎn)品，使其令人無(wú)法抗拒。A.valuable寶貴的；B.marketable市場(chǎng)的；C.accessible可到達(dá)的；D.irresistible無(wú)法抗拒的。文章主要說(shuō)明的是“游戲障礙”的成癮問(wèn)題，即游戲開(kāi)發(fā)者有動(dòng)機(jī)和手段來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)自己的產(chǎn)品，使其令人無(wú)法抗拒。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這將游戲時(shí)間與利潤(rùn)直接聯(lián)系起來(lái)。A.applies應(yīng)用；B.ties聯(lián)系，綁；C.adds增加；D.draws畫。根據(jù)上文“Manyusea"free-mium"model,inwhichthegameisfreeandmoneyismadefrompurchasesofin-gamegoods.”可知，許多游戲采用“免費(fèi)增值”模式，即游戲是免費(fèi)的，玩家通過(guò)購(gòu)買游戲內(nèi)的商品來(lái)賺錢，這將游戲時(shí)間與利潤(rùn)直接聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選B。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種方法是將心理學(xué)理論和數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來(lái)，幫助游戲開(kāi)發(fā)者最大化游戲時(shí)間。A.control控制；B.reduce減少；C.maximize最大化；D.restrict限制。根據(jù)上文“helpsgames-makers”可知，開(kāi)發(fā)者自然是希望游戲幫助自己最大化游戲時(shí)間。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這使得產(chǎn)品可以不斷調(diào)整以刺激消費(fèi)。A.cut切割；B.boost促進(jìn)，刺激；C.finance提供資金；D.balance平衡。根據(jù)后文賓語(yǔ)spending可知，產(chǎn)品可以不斷調(diào)整以刺激消費(fèi)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：科技行業(yè)的監(jiān)管環(huán)境正變得越來(lái)越冷。A.milder更暖的；B.damper更潮濕的；C.gentler更溫和的；D.chillier更冷的。根據(jù)上文“Clinicsarealreadyreportingboomingbusiness,aslock-downshavegivengamersmoretimetospendwiththeirhobby.”可知，疫情封鎖讓玩家有更多的時(shí)間玩自己的愛(ài)好，所以科技行業(yè)的監(jiān)管環(huán)境正變得越來(lái)越冷，故選D。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多支持游戲在醫(yī)學(xué)意義上具有成癮性的研究并不明確：它們依賴于自我報(bào)告的癥狀、有爭(zhēng)議的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。A.broad寬廣的；B.legal合法的；C.technical技術(shù)的；D.medical醫(yī)療的。根據(jù)后文“theyrelyonself-reportedsymptoms,contesteddiagnosticcriteria,andsoon”指許多支持游戲在醫(yī)學(xué)意義上具有成癮性的研究并不明確：它們依賴于自我報(bào)告的癥狀、有爭(zhēng)議的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該行業(yè)擁有豐富的數(shù)據(jù)可以提供幫助。A.data數(shù)據(jù)；B.time時(shí)間；C.wealth財(cái)富；D.leisure閑暇。呼應(yīng)上文“Agoodplacetostartwouldbewithharddata.”指該行業(yè)擁有豐富的數(shù)據(jù)可以提供幫助。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但游戲公司大多以商業(yè)敏感性為由，對(duì)玩家行為的細(xì)節(jié)保密。A.open開(kāi)放的；B.secret秘密的；C.independent獨(dú)立的；D.reliable可靠的。根據(jù)后文“citingcommercialsensitivity”可知，游戲公司大多以商業(yè)敏感性為由，對(duì)玩家行為的細(xì)節(jié)保密。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果——似乎很有可能——對(duì)成癮的擔(dān)憂被夸大了，很難想出更清晰的方式來(lái)表達(dá)它。A.overblown夸大；B.shared分享；C.eased放松；D.dismissed解散。結(jié)合后文“itishardtothinkofaclearerwayofshowingit”可知，很難想出更清晰的方式來(lái)表達(dá)游戲成癮，是在對(duì)成癮的擔(dān)憂被夸大的情況下。故選A。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒(méi)有，公司最好現(xiàn)在就認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題，并主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)。A.reluctantly不情愿地；B.thoroughly徹底地；C.voluntarily自動(dòng)地；D.adequately充足的。根據(jù)后文“Thealternativeisthatregulatorswillforcethemtoact.”可知，另一種選擇是，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)將迫使它們采取行動(dòng)，說(shuō)明第一種選擇是公司主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)。故選C。_____名校好題必名校好題必測(cè)【2022-2023學(xué)年上海市復(fù)旦附中高三上學(xué)期10月階段評(píng)估英語(yǔ)試卷】Oneofthesupposedbenefitsofbeinginalong-termrelationshipistheguaranteethatthoseinvolvedwillnotbeforcedtospendtimealone.Advocatesofmarriagearguethatlivingasacoupleorasafamilyhelpstopreventsituationsoflonelinessandisolation,whichcan___21___leadtoanxiety,depression,andotherhealthproblems,especiallyinoldage.Thispsychologicalcourse,however,isin___22___withmanyspiritualleaders,philosophers,andartistswhopraisetheadvantagesofspendingtimealone.___23___,someofthemostcelebratedthinkersandcreators--fromWordsworth(1770-1850,Englishpoet)toEinsteinandothers-praisedthevalueofspendingtimeawayfromothers.Whatif,insteadoffocusingonthedisadvantagesofbeinglonelyandbyoneself,thefocuswas___24___thebenefitsofsolitude?Solitude,likeloneliness,impliesspendingtimealone.Yet,indirectcontrasttoloneliness,solitudecanoftenbeapositivestateofbeingthatshouldbe___25___ratherthanavoided.Insteadoffocusingonthenegativeexperiencesofbeingalone,thestudyofsolitudeasa___26___revealsthatadifferentapproachtothisrealitycanpromotefreedom,creativity,intimacy,spirituality,andthereforehappiness.___27___,solitudebringsrewardstothosewhovalueit.Singles,then,particularlysingleswhoappreciatethevalueofspendingtimealone,canbenefitgreatlyfromtherelationshipcircumstancesthatfacilitatesolitudethatwouldbemoreelusive(不常見(jiàn)的)forindividualslivingwiththeirpartners.Infact,boostingthehappinessthatsinglescangainfromsolitudeistheideathatthosewhoaresingle,orplainlysingleatheart,aremorelikelytoenjoyandbenefitfromsolitude.Singleatheart___28___atypeofindividualwhosepersonalityandnaturemeanthattheylivethehappiest,fullest,andmostauthenticliveswhentheyarenotinrelationships.Peoplewhoaresingleatheartthrivethemostfromsolitudeandself-sufficiencyandarealsomorelikelytoreap___29___rewardsfromspendingtimebythemselves.Somestudiesevenpointouthowbeingsingleand____30____canbebeneficial.Forexample,in____31____psychologicalresourcesavailabletomarriedandnever-marriedadults,ananalysisindicatesnosignificantdifferencesinmentalhealthbetweenthestudygroups.____32____,thestudysuggeststhatnever-marriedindividualsachieveahigherlevelofpersonalmasterythantheirmarriedcounterparts,particularlythoseabovetheageofforty.____33____,thosewhohadnevermarriedhadclearerpersonalvisionsandgoals,exhibitedhigherlevelsofpatience,andweremorepreparedtoviewreality____34____.Thereisevenevidencetosuggestthatsingles,whoaremoreaccustomedtobenefitingfromtimespentalone,arecapableofbeingtheirownsourcesofcomfortandsecurity,thoughfurtherresearchisrequiredinordertoestablishthe____35____behindthisphenomenon.21.A.inturn B.forsure C.atleast D.byaccident22.A.agreement B.conflict C.contact D.negotiation23.A.Hopefully B.Roughly C.Historically D.Spiritually24.A.committedto B.attributedto C.attachedto D.shiftedto25.A.tackled B.sought C.assumed D.deposited26.A.subject B.discipline C.practice D.concept27.A.Anyway B.Likewise C.Yet D.Indeed28.A.refersto B.approvesof C.accountsfor D.figuresout29.A.physiological B.emotional C.economic D.physical30.A.self-defensive B.self-aware C.self-evident D.self-sufficient31.A.comparing B.exploiting C.distributing D.conserving32.A.Nevertheless B.Moreover C.Thus D.Otherwise33.A.Aboveall B.Betterstill C.Inotherwords D.Ontheotherhand34.A.sensitively B.keenly C.deliberately D.objectively35.A.remedies B.mechanisms C.relations D.secrets【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了獨(dú)處給人們帶來(lái)的好處。【21題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：婚姻的支持者認(rèn)為，夫妻或家庭生活有助于防止孤獨(dú)和獨(dú)處的情況，這反過(guò)來(lái)會(huì)導(dǎo)致焦慮、抑郁和其他健康問(wèn)題，尤其是在老年。A.inturn依次，反過(guò)來(lái)；B.forsure確實(shí)；C.atleast至少；D.byaccident偶然。根據(jù)“l(fā)eadtoanxiety,depression,andotherhealthproblems,especiallyinoldage.”可知，焦慮、抑郁和其他健康問(wèn)題是夫妻或家庭生活反過(guò)來(lái)在老年階段會(huì)導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這一心理過(guò)程與許多精神領(lǐng)袖、哲學(xué)家和藝術(shù)家的觀點(diǎn)相悖，他們都稱贊獨(dú)處的好處。A.agreement協(xié)議，同意；B.conflict爭(zhēng)端；C.contact接觸；D.negotiation談判，協(xié)商。根據(jù)“whopraisetheadvantagesofspendingtimealone.”可知，上文提到的婚姻支持者的觀點(diǎn)與許多精神領(lǐng)袖、哲學(xué)家和藝術(shù)家的觀點(diǎn)相悖。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：歷史上，一些最著名的思想家和創(chuàng)造者——從華茲華斯(1770-1850，英國(guó)詩(shī)人)到愛(ài)因斯坦等人——都稱贊遠(yuǎn)離他人的價(jià)值。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Roughly大約，差不多；C.Historically在歷史上；D.Spiritually在精神上地。根據(jù)“fromWordsworth(1770-1850,Englishpoet)toEinsteinandothers”可知，此處提到了一些歷史著名人物的看法，因此是從歷史的角度看待問(wèn)題。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果我們不再關(guān)注孤獨(dú)和獨(dú)自一人的壞處，而是把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到獨(dú)處的好處上呢？A.committedto致力于；B.attributedto把……歸因于；C.attachedto連接在……上；D.shiftedto轉(zhuǎn)變到。根據(jù)“focusingonthedisadvantages”和“thebenefitsofsolitude”可知，此處提出這樣一種假設(shè)，即將注意力從獨(dú)處的壞處轉(zhuǎn)移到獨(dú)處的好處上。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，與孤獨(dú)相反的是，獨(dú)處往往是一種積極的存在狀態(tài)，應(yīng)該去尋求，而不是回避。A.tackled處理；B.sought尋找；C.assumed假設(shè)，假定；D.deposited存儲(chǔ)。根據(jù)“solitudecanoftenbeapositivestateofbeing”可知，獨(dú)處往往是一種積極的存在狀態(tài)，人們應(yīng)該去尋求獨(dú)處。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：將獨(dú)處作為一種實(shí)踐來(lái)研究，而不是專注于孤獨(dú)負(fù)面體驗(yàn)，揭示了一種不同的方法可以促進(jìn)自由、創(chuàng)造力、親密感、靈性，從而促進(jìn)幸福。A.subject主題；B.discipline紀(jì)律；C.practice實(shí)踐；D.concept概念。根據(jù)“Yet,indirectcontrasttoloneliness,solitudecanoftenbeapositivestateofbeing”可知，孤獨(dú)和獨(dú)處不一樣，因此我們應(yīng)該將獨(dú)處作為一種實(shí)踐來(lái)研究，揭示它給人們帶來(lái)的好處。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：的確，獨(dú)處會(huì)給珍視它的人帶來(lái)回報(bào)。A.Anyway無(wú)論如何；B.Likewise同樣地，類似地；C.Yet然而；D.Indeed實(shí)際上，的確。根據(jù)下文“Singles,then,particularlysingleswhoappreciatethevalueofspendingtimealone,canbenefitgreatlyfromtherelationshipcircumstancesthatfacilitatesolitudethatwouldbemoreelusive(不常見(jiàn)的)forindividualslivingwiththeirpartners.(因此，單身人士，尤其是那些懂得獨(dú)處價(jià)值的單身人士，可以從促進(jìn)獨(dú)處的關(guān)系環(huán)境中獲益良多，而獨(dú)處對(duì)于與伴侶生活在一起的人來(lái)說(shuō)是難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。)”可知，確實(shí)獨(dú)處能給珍視它的人帶來(lái)好處。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“內(nèi)心單身”指的是一種人，他們的個(gè)性和天性意味著他們?cè)跊](méi)有伴侶的時(shí)候過(guò)著最幸福、最充實(shí)、最真實(shí)的生活。A.refersto提到；B.approvesof贊成；C.accountsfor解釋，說(shuō)明；D.figuresout解決。根據(jù)“atypeofindividualwhose…”可知，此處對(duì)“內(nèi)心單身”下定義，即說(shuō)明“內(nèi)心單身”指的是什么。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：內(nèi)心單身的人最喜歡獨(dú)處和自給自足，也更有可能從獨(dú)處中獲得情感上的回報(bào)。A.physiological生理學(xué)上的；B.emotional情感的；C.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)上的；D.physical身體的。根據(jù)“solitudeandself-sufficiency”可知，此處指內(nèi)心單身的人更有可能從獨(dú)處中獲得情感上的回報(bào)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一些研究甚至指出單身和自給自足是如何有益的。A.self-defensive自衛(wèi)的；B.self-aware自知的；C.self-evident顯而易見(jiàn)的；D.self-sufficient自給自足的，自立的。根據(jù)“solitudeandself-sufficiency”可知，此處是信息詞self-sufficient的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，在比較已婚和未婚成年人可獲得的心理資源時(shí)，一項(xiàng)分析表明，研究小組之間的心理健康沒(méi)有顯著差異。A.comparing比較；B.exploiting開(kāi)發(fā)，利用；C.distributing分發(fā)，分配；D.conserving保護(hù)，保存。根據(jù)“marriedandnever-marriedadults”可知，此處是將已婚和未婚成年人可獲得的心理資源進(jìn)行比較。故選A。【32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，該研究還表明，從未結(jié)過(guò)婚的人比已婚的人擁有更高的個(gè)人掌控水平，尤其是那些40歲以上的人。A.Nevertheless然而；B.Moreover此外；C.Thus因此；D.Otherwise否則。此處進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明上文中提到的研究得出的結(jié)論。故選B。【33題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：換句話說(shuō)，那些從未結(jié)過(guò)婚的人有更清晰的個(gè)人愿景和目標(biāo)，表現(xiàn)出更高的耐心，更愿意客觀地看待現(xiàn)實(shí)。A.Aboveall最重要的是；B.Betterstill更好的是；C.Inotherwords換句話說(shuō)；D.Ontheotherhand另一方面。根據(jù)“thosewhohadnevermarriedhadclearerpersonalvisionsandgoals,exhibitedhigherlevelsofpatience”可知，此處說(shuō)明那些從未結(jié)過(guò)婚的人有更清晰的個(gè)人愿景和目標(biāo)，表現(xiàn)出更高的耐心，這與上文反應(yīng)的研究結(jié)果意思是一樣的，因此短語(yǔ)“inotherwords(換句話說(shuō))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.sensitively敏感地；B.keenly強(qiáng)烈地，熱切；C.deliberately故意地；D.objectively客觀地。根據(jù)“hadclearerpersonalvisionsandgoals,exhibitedhigherlevelsofpatience”可知，此處說(shuō)明那些從未結(jié)過(guò)婚的人具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因此是在說(shuō)明他們更愿意客觀地看待現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至有證據(jù)表明，更習(xí)慣于從獨(dú)處中獲益的單身人士，有能力成為自己舒適和安全感的來(lái)源，盡管需要進(jìn)一步的研究來(lái)確定這一現(xiàn)象背后的機(jī)制。A.remedies處理方法；B.mechanisms機(jī)制；C.relations關(guān)系；D.secrets秘密。根據(jù)“furtherresearchisrequired”和“behindthisphenomenon”可知，此處說(shuō)明，需要進(jìn)一步的研究來(lái)確定這一現(xiàn)象背后的機(jī)制。故選B?！旧虾７钯t區(qū)2022學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)科期中試卷】AccordingtoasurveyconductedbyfortheChinaYouthDaily,71.0percentofthe1,538peoplepolledsaidtheywatchedshortvideosona____41____basis.61.8percentbelievedthatlong-termviewingofshortvideoscouldinterferewiththeirnormalsocialinteractions;and65.2percentsuggestedthatvideoplatformsstepupinissuingregular____42____sothatuserscouldtakeabreak.Thisappealforexternalaidstohelp____43____theaddictivehabithintsatthecrushingholdshortvideoshaveontheshiftlessmajority—manyofthemarenotutterly____44____self-controlinothercircumstances.Anotherrecentsurveyofjuvenilesfound65.6percentofthemhavewatchedshortvideos,and20percentofthemjustcouldn’tstopwatching.Forasyouclickonthoseseemingly____45____videos,yourlifewillbethrownintoamindlessspiral(螺旋)asweeagerlymovefromonepiecetothenext,eachlasting20to30seconds,andareshocked,amused,andoutragedinrapid____46____.Youneverhaveachancetoget____47____,foryouarealwayscuriousaboutwhatthenextpiecewouldbelike,____48____more.Allthatisneededisaslighttwitching(抽動(dòng))ofoneofyourfingers.Respondentsdobelievesomevideoscouldbeusefulbyteachingyouhowtocook，howtoapplymake-up,practicewellness,orbuythings.Therewasevenanalleged(聲稱但未經(jīng)證實(shí)的)telecomfraudsterpublicizinghis____49____anddaringthepolicetocatchhiminDubai,accordingtohim.Itisshockingtorealizethatapublishedvideoitselfwouldhave____50____acquiredadegreeofauthenticityandenoughtopreventallintentionsandtheneedforchecking,even____51____suchbasicfactsasauthorship.Soitisnaturalthat36.7percentoftherespondentsinthesurveycitedtheissueoffalseandmisleadingcontentinshortvideosasanissue,andrelevantauthoritiesshouldhavesteppedinlongagoto____52____it.Yes,juvenile-onlymodeshavebeen____53____forsometime,butitissoeasyforchildrentoavoidthis.____54____,thereisanequalneedforamechanismtopreventadultsfrombecomingaddicted,notablybylimitingthelimetheyareallowedtoviewthevideos.Thus,when37.0percentoftherespondentssaidthat,asfarasviewinghabitsareconcerned,parentsshouldbearolemodeltopreventtheimitationofjuveniles.Maybeallparentsshould____55____theirmobilephonesforamomentofself-reflection.41.A.regular B.personal C.social D.satisfied42.A.signals B.innovation C.alerts D.clues43.A.kick B.develop C.foster D.deprive44.A.with B.under C.through D.without45.A.attractive B.unharmful C.meaningful D.popular46.A.speed B.succession C.transition D.movement47.A.thrilled B.horrified C.bored D.delighted48.A.expecting B.growing C.addicting D.foreseeing49.A.competence B.identification C.enthusiasm D.willingness50.A.automatically B.consciously C.insanely D.likely51.A.ignoring B.predicting C.meditating D.regarding52.A.represent B.address C.interfere D.stress53.A.onschedule B.outoforder C.inplace D.inneed54.A.Infact B.Forexample C.Therefore D.Instead55.A.focuson B.livewithout C.givewayto D.putaside【答案】41.A42.C43.A44.D45.B46.B47.C48.A49.B50.A51.D52.B53.C54.A55.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇議論文。研究表明很多人看短視頻上癮，干擾了人們的正常生活，有一定的危害性。文章描述了短視頻產(chǎn)生的危害和我們應(yīng)該采取的措施?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)柧砭W(wǎng)為《中國(guó)青年報(bào)》開(kāi)展的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，在1538名受訪者中，71.0%的人表示自己經(jīng)常看短視頻。A.regular規(guī)律的、定期的；B.personal個(gè)人的；C.social社會(huì)的、社交的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)句意，71%的人經(jīng)?？炊桃曨l符合語(yǔ)境，onaregularbasis定期地、經(jīng)常地。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：65.2%的人建議視頻平臺(tái)加強(qiáng)定期發(fā)布警示信號(hào)，讓用戶可以休息一下。A.signals信號(hào)；B.innovation創(chuàng)新；C.alerts警報(bào)、警示；D.clues線索。由“sothatuserscouldtakeabreak.”可知，65.2%的人希望平臺(tái)能定時(shí)提醒觀看短視頻的人休息，alerts符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【43題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種求助于外部輔助手段來(lái)幫助人們戒掉網(wǎng)癮的呼吁暗示了短視頻對(duì)懶惰的大多數(shù)人的毀滅性的掌控。A.kick戒除（惡習(xí)）、踢；B.develop發(fā)展；C.forster培養(yǎng)、促進(jìn)；D.deprive剝奪、使喪失。根據(jù)“theaddictivehabit”（成癮的習(xí)慣）及第一段“61.8percentbelievedthatlong-termviewingofshortvideoscouldinterferewiththeirnormalsocialinteractions”（61.8%的人認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)時(shí)間觀看短視頻會(huì)干擾他們正常的社交活動(dòng)）可知，很多人看短視頻成癮，已經(jīng)影響了人們的生活，所以需要幫助人們戒掉網(wǎng)癮。故選A。【44題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他們中的許多人在其他情況下并非完全沒(méi)有自制力。A.with