高考英語語法名詞性從句之主語從句全面剖析講義

高中英語語法名詞性從句之主語從句全面剖析主語從句全面剖析為使同學(xué)們更好地掌握其用法,本文對(duì)主語從句語法做了一個(gè)詳細(xì)的梳理，幫助大家梳理主語從句的語序，連接詞的選用等內(nèi)容，對(duì)于it構(gòu)成的主語從句做了詳細(xì)的解釋。一、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞主語從句通常由連詞that和whether、連接代詞或連接副詞以及關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)。1.

that引導(dǎo)That

she

is

still

alive

is

a

consolation.

她還活著是使人感到寬慰的。That

she

became

an

artist

may

have

been

due

to

her

father's

influence.

她成為畫家可能是受她父親的影響。That

you

are

coming

to

London

is

the

best

news

I

have

heard

this

long

time.

你將來倫敦是好久以來我聽到的最好消息。That

she

was

chosen

made

a

tremendous

stir

in

her

village.

她被挑選上，在她村子里引起很大轟動(dòng)。2.

whether引導(dǎo)Whether

it

will

do

us

harm

remains

to

be

seen.

是否對(duì)我們有害還要看一看。Whether

they

would

support

us

was

a

problem.

他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。3.

連接代詞引導(dǎo)Whoever

is

top

from

wins

the

game

when

two

matched

players

meet.

兩強(qiáng)相爭勇者勝。Whichever

(of

you)

comes

in

first

will

receive

a

prize.

無論(你們)誰先到都可以得獎(jiǎng)。Whichever

you

want

is

yours.

你要哪個(gè)哪個(gè)就是你的。4.

連接副詞引導(dǎo)When

we

arrive

doesn't

matter.

什么時(shí)候到?jīng)]有關(guān)系。How

it

was

done

was

a

mystery.

這是怎樣做的是一個(gè)謎。Where

I

spend

my

summer

is

no

business

of

yours.

我在哪里過暑假不關(guān)你的事。5.

關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)What

we

need

is

money.

我們需要的是錢。What

I

want

to

know

is

this.

我想知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。What's

done

is

done.

事已成定局。What

he

says

is

not

important.

他說的話并不重要。What

I

am

telling

you

is

mere

impressions.

我和你說的都不過是一些印象而已。What

make

the

river

more

beautiful

are

the

lotus

plants

growing

in

the

water.

為河水增色的是水里的荷花。What

you

need

is

a

good-sized

canvas

bag.

你需要的是一個(gè)比較大的帆布袋。What

I

am

afraid

of

is

their

taking

him

to

Portugal.

我擔(dān)心的是他們把他帶到葡萄牙去。What

struck

me

was

that

they

have

all

suffered

a

lot.

給我很深印象的是他們都受過很多苦。二、主語從句與形式主語it(1)

對(duì)于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語代主語從句：It's

a

pity

that

he

didn't

come.

很遺憾他沒來。It

is

important

that

he

should

know

about

this.

他必須知道此事。It's

vital

that

we

be

present.

我們出席是至關(guān)重要的。It

was

intended

that

you

be

the

candidate.

大家的意圖是讓你當(dāng)候選人。It

is

important

that

this

mission

not

fail.

這項(xiàng)使命不失敗至關(guān)重要。It

is

essential

that

a

meeting

be

convened

this

week.

本周開一次會(huì)非常重要。It

is

appropriate

that

this

tax

be

abolished.

廢除這個(gè)稅是恰當(dāng)?shù)?。It's

unfair

that

so

many

people

should

lose

their

jobs.

竟有這么多人失業(yè)這是不公平的。(2)

對(duì)于以連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：Whether

they

would

support

us

was

a

problem.

他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。It

was

a

problem

whether

they

would

support

us.

他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。It

remains

to

be

seen

whether

it

will

do

us

harm

or

good.

它對(duì)我們是利是害，還得看看再說。(3)

對(duì)關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常直接將主語從句放在句首。如：What

I

want

to

know

is

this.

我想知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。有時(shí)也可將助用形式主語。如：It

is

clear

enough

what

he

meant.

他是什么意思很清楚。(4)

如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it的結(jié)構(gòu)：How

is

it

that

you

are

late

again?

你怎么又遲到了？主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況首先我們大家都明白在復(fù)合句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句。簡單把它理解成名詞，但形式是一個(gè)句子。那主語從句就是在句中作主語，主語從句的位置與陳述句中主語位置相同的(1)if引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。ItisuncertainifhewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.

(2)

It

is

said

,

(reported)

…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It

is

said

that

President

Jingo

will

visit

our

school

next

week.

(right)

That

President

Jiang

will

visit

our

school

next

week

is

said.

(wrong)

(3)

It

happens…,

It

occurs…

結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It

occurred

to

him

that

he

failed

in

the

examination.

(right)

That

he

failed

in

the

examination

occurred

to

him.

(wrong)

(4)

It

doesn’t

matter

how/whether

…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It

doesn’t

matter

whether

he

is

wrong

or

not.

(right)

Whether

he

is

wrong

or

not

doesn’t

matter.

(wrong)

(5)

含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前。例如：

Is

it

likely

that

it

will

rain

in

the

evening?

(right)

Is

that

will

rain

in

the

evening

likely?

(wrong)

注：What

引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語，而that

則不然。例如：1)

What

you

said

yesterday

is

right.

2)

That

she

is

still

alive

is

a

consolation.

學(xué)習(xí)主語從句需要注意的核心問題主語從句是名詞性從句的一種，指的是用來充當(dāng)全句主語的句子，有時(shí)還會(huì)使用it充當(dāng)形式主語，主語從句的使用率很高，在各類考試中的出現(xiàn)率也很高，但掌握起來并不容易！用來作主語的句子叫做主語從句。如：(1)Whenhewasbornisunknown.他生于何時(shí)還不知道。(2)Whathedidlastnightisbeinginvestigated.他昨天晚上干了些什么正在調(diào)查之中。在主語從句中須注意：1.主語從句一般用it作形式主語，放在句首，而將主語從句放到句末。如：(1)Itispossiblethathehasstolenthecar.很可能他偷了小車。(2)Isn’titstrangethatheshouldnothavepassedthetest?

他測(cè)試沒有通過，難道不奇怪嗎？2.if引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，只能用it作形式主語，放在句首，而將if引導(dǎo)的主語從句放到句末。如：ItisuncertainifhewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.明天他是否去北京還不敢肯定。3.that引導(dǎo)主語從句放在句首時(shí)，that不可省，但在句末口語中可省。如：Thathewasillyesterdayisknownnow.大家都已知道他昨天生了病。4.連接代詞引導(dǎo)主語從句只能放在句首。如；(1)Whohasbrokentheglassisunknown.誰打破了玻璃現(xiàn)在還不知道。(2)Whathewa