2022屆北京市順義區(qū)高三第二次統(tǒng)練英語試題 word版含答案

順義區(qū)2022屆高三第二次統(tǒng)練英語試卷考生須知：本試卷總分100分，考試時長90分鐘。本試卷共10頁共三部分考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆作答，非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。4?考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回，試卷自己保留。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Iloveanimals.SowhenDr.Vanninisaidhisvethospitalneededhelp,Iwas—1—.Ivolunteeredtocleanupandhelpinseveralmedicalprocedures.ButthemomentIwillnever2camewhenanemergencywasrushedthroughthefrontdoor.Aretriever（尋回犬）wasindeep3Acheck-uprevealedthatshehadababydevelopinginherbodybutnoheartbeatcouldbedetected.Itwasassumedthatherpuppy（小狗）hadnot4.Theretrieverwouldneedimmediate5tosaveherlife.Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffDr.Vannin'handsasshestoppedthebleedingandrepairedthedog'svitalorgans.Neartheendofthesurgery,somethingcaughtmyeye.IthoughtIsawthe6puppymove.Icouldn'tkeepstillandwhispered.Thepuppyhadindeedshownaspark（火花）oflife!We7_tookaction.Soon,hewasupandmoving.Itwasa（n）8feelingtoholdthisnewlifeinmyhands.TheexperiencewasespeciallymeaningfulformebecauseaweekearlierIhadwitnessedthe_9,theendoflife.Mybeloveddog,Scamper,finallydiedofalifelongweaknessofheart.Healmost10ittosix.Scamperwasagreatdog,atruefriend,andIwillneverforgethim.SeeingthenewpuppyandhismotherleavethehospitalissomethingIwillneverforgeteither.1.A.shockedB.puzzledC.delightedD.depressed1.A.shockedB.puzzledC.delightedD.depressed2.A.suspectB.forgetC.encounterD.seize3.A.confusionB.thoughtC.sufferingD.sorrow4.A.survivedB.jumpedC.barkedD.waked5.A.supportB.responseC.comfortD.surgery6.A.homelessB.lifelessC.carelessD.faultless7.A.quicklyB.finallyC.softlyD.roughly8.A.ashamedB.formalC.boredD.incredible9.A.eventB.growthC.oppositeD.accident10.A.madeB.gaveC.liftedD.held第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。AWorldHealthDayiscelebratedeveryyearonApril7,thefoundingdayoftheWHO.11_(establish)in1950,thiseventhasathemeeachyeartodrawattentiontoacurrentworldhealthissue.Thedayisalsousedtohighlightthe12.(important)ofpersonalhealth.Forcommonpeople,wecantakesomeextrasteps13(care)forourhealthlikegettingagymmembership(andgoing!)orstartingadiet.BInMarch2018,acoupleopenedthefirstZeroGreeninBristol,14_(sell)foodandhouseholditemsentirelywithoutpackaging.Shoppers15__(encourage)tobringtheirowncontainerstotaketheirshoppinghome.Althoughtherewasalotoftrialanderror,plusadditionalchallenges,theybelieve16theyaredoingisasustainablebusinessmodel.CSkijumping17(feature)ineachWinterOlympicssince1924.Comparedwithotherskisports,skijumpingis18_(safe)becauseit'sasingleandindependentaction.Skijumpersneedtojumpoffahighplatformalone,19requiresastrongwillandfocus.Inadditiontomentalstrength,flexibilityisvital20skijumpers.Theyneedtostretchouttheirbodiesandkeepapostureforalongtimewhilegoingdownfromaramp（斜坡）.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMakeItModular:StudentDesignChallenge!Imagineyourcommunityasamaterialbank,richwithresourcestore-use.Howcouldyouimprovethebuiltenvironmentbyupcyclingwaste,circulating（循環(huán)）existingmaterials,orregeneratingnature?Yourchallengeistodesignastructurethatmeetsaneedinyourcommunitynowbutcouldalsoberepurposedlater.“Designingfordeconstructioninvolvesamodularapproachinwhichbuildingelementscouldbeeasilyreconfigured,reimagined,andrepurposedovertime.Yourdesignshould:Includeanapproximately20'longx8'widex9'6"highvolumetricmoduleBerelevanttooneofthefollowinguses:AffordableHousingCovid-eraPublicSpaceReimaginedOutdoorClassroomApproachthetaskwithareal-worldperspective,demonstratingskillsandknowledgefromoneormoreofthefollowingfields:architecture,engineering,construction,and/ortheskilledtradesRequirements:Opentostudentsages13-21andcurrentlyenrolled（入學）inhighschoolorhomeschooled.AllentriesMUSTsharetheentrant'sgradelevelintheintroductorystep.SubmissionsmustbeenteredbetweenMarch7,2022,andJune20,2022.IfyouhaveneverpostedanInstructablebefore,pleaserefertoHowtoWriteanInstructableguideformoreinformation.Theprizesareintendedasscholarshipfundstosupportthewinners5education,suchastuition,books,room&boardortransportation.Entrieswillbejudgedbasedonthefollowingcriteria:3DDigitalLiteracy（能力）andDesign;

EngineeringMindset；Real-worldRelevance；Presentation.Readthefullcontestrulesformoredetails.Accordingtothepassage,thedesignscan.beusednowandrepurposedlaterB.beplacedinamaterialbankC.besubmittedonAugust20,2022D.berelatedtoartandliteratureIfastudenthasneverpostedanInstructablebefore,whatshouldheorshedo?Contacttheorganizers.B.Quitthedesigncontest.C.Refertoanonlineguide.D.Readthefullcontestrules.Whatcanwinnersdowiththeprizes?Toenrollinahighschool.B.Topayfortuitionandbooks.C.Topolishhispresentation.D.Toimprovethebuiltenvironment.BWilliamFlahertywasdiagnosed（診斷）withHLHwhenhewas3.It'sanoften-fataldiseasewheretheimmune（免疫的）systemattacksthebody'sorgans.ThedoctorgaveWilliam9.5（onascaleofIto10,1isyou'resuperhealthyand10isyou'redead）,whichhitthefamily.Thereweredayswhentheydidn'tknow訐hewouldlivethrough.InAprilof2008,Williamgotabone-marrow（骨髓）transplantfromhisolderbrotherCharles.Therecoverfromittooklong.Hehadalotofaftereffectsandevenhad22ofhisteethpulled.Atfive,Williamskiedforthefirsttime.Ithelpedalotwithlowonedensity（密度）andgothimbackingoodshape.Oneyearlater,WilliammovedtoPuertoRicoandfellinlovewiththeisland.WhenheroughtuptorepresentPuertoRicoinAlpineskiing,hisfriendslaughed.PuertoRicodoesn'thavesnow.ButWilliamdidn'tquit.However,itwastoughforWilliamtobalancehistrainingwithmedicalappointmentsandgoingtoschool.Sohedidaschoolprogramtotallyonline.Hewenttoalotofcampsandtherewerelotsofearlymorningslike4:00AMalarmclock.ButhehasmanagedtomaintainstraightAssincehalfwaythroughthirdgradeandheplanstoheadtocollegetostudyaerospaceengineering.Evenacoldcanlayhimupfortwoweeks,soWilliamtookextrapre-cautionsoverthelasttwoyears.Whiletraining,heworeanN95maskthewholetimeandcouldn'tridetheliftwithanyone.Aftertraining,hecamehomedirectly,hidinhisbedroomandstayedawayfrompeople.In2022,the17-year-oldboyhashadmorethan30operations.Havingpreparedfor7yearshefinallymadeittothestartinglineatBeijingOlympics.“Skiingisreallyhelpfulbecauseitforcesmetofocusononething,“hesaid.“Ireallywanttoprovetoalltheothertransplantsurvivorsthattheycandowhatevertheywantinlife.”WhydidWilliamFlahertystartskiingattheageoffive?Toimprovehealth.B.Toentertainhimself.C.Tofollowhisfamily.D.TojoinintheOlympics.WhydidWilliamdecidetorepresentPuertoRicoinAlpineskiing?Becausehisfriendssupportedhim.BecausehelovedskiingandPuertoRico.Becausethatcouldhelphimenteragoodcollege.BecausePuertoRicohadbettertrainingenvironment.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWilliamFlaherty?Braveandkind.B.Hopefulandhelpful.C.Passionateandshy.D.Optimisticandhardworking.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.SkiingLifeofaTeenager.B.PreparingWellfortheOlympics.C.SurvivingfromSevereIllness.D.DefeatingDiseasetoDeliverHope.CAnageingpopulationisaglobalphenomenon.Countriesarelookingforthebalmtoaddressthedemandsofaswellingelderlycommunity.Manynationsarethreatenedbyashortageofhealthcareworkersbecauseofunenviabletaskssuchasbathing,feedingandchangingthediapers.Advancementsintechnologynowpresentaninnovativesolutiontothis.Japanhasnowdevelopedcarebots,specially-designedrobots,toreplacehumancaregivers.Japanisalsoworkingatmorecoordinatedcarefortheelderlywithinthecommunitywhichincludestheintegrationofhospitals,homecare,elderlycarecentresandnursinghomes.Puttinginplaceasystemthatcaneffectivelytrackandretrievethemedicalhistoryofeveryelderlyperson,Japanleveragestechnologytoprovidequalityhealthcarefortheseniors.TheuniquefeatureaboutSwedenisthatmostoftheelderlyliveintheirownhomeswheretheycontinuetoenjoylivingindependently.Localgovernmentsallocatefundsandmanageserviceswhilecitizenshavethefreedomtochoosethetypeofhomeservicesandtheirserviceprovider.Theycanapplyforhomecareservicesincludingdeliveringmealstohomes,hangingcurtains,changinglightbulbsetc.InSweden,thefocusisalsoonpreventivecare—keepingtheelderlyhealthy.Theelderlywhoareillarenotjustgivenmedicinesbutalsoaspecifictypeofphysicalactivity,wheretheirdoctorsalsomonitortheoutcome.Singaporealsoprovidesmorehomecareservicesandday-carecentreswheretheolderpeoplecangoforrehabilitativeandsocialactivities.Besides,thegovernmentiscreatingmoredementia-friendlycommunities,wheresupportcomesfromthecommunity.Variouspeoplewithinacommunitylikepolicemen,shopkeepersandothervolunteersaretrainedtoassisttheelderlywithdementia（癡呆）.Withgreatercommunityawarenessandsupport,itismoreplausibleforadementiasufferertostayathomeinsteadofanursinghome.Inoursearchforthebestmodeltomeetthedemandsofaburgeoningageingpopulation,letuskeepinmindthatthereisnoone-size-fits-allsolution.Whatisimportantisshoulderingtheresponsibilitiesofcaringforthemandensuringthemtoagewellandcomfortably.HowdoesJapandealwiththeproblemoftheshortageofhealthcareworkers?A.Byofferingqualityhealthcarefortheseniors.Bytrackingthemedicalhistoryofeveryelderlyperson.Bydevelopingrobotsprogrammedwithcaregivingfunctions.Byintegratingplaceslikehospitals，homecare，andnursinghomes.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoSwedenandSingaporehaveincommon?A.Optionalcareservicesarebothprovidedfree.Independentlivingisrespectedandsupported.Preventivecarefortheelderlyishighlyvalued.D.Socialactivitiesandvoluntaryhelpareenjoyed.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Modelsforgivingtheelderlycare.Countrieswithanageingpopulation.Responsibilitiesofcaringfortheelderly.Demandsofagrowingelderlycommunity.DAneconomist,AdamSmith,famouslywrotethat“itisnotfromthebenevolence（慈善）ofthebutcher,thebrewerorthebaker,thatweexpectourdinner,butfromtheirregardtotheirownself-interest."LikeSmith,manyeconomiststodaybelievethatone'sself-interestiswhatdrivescompetitionandgrowthinmarketeconomies.Yet,inanincreasinglyinterconnectedsociety,itisevenmorecrucialtohavecollaborativeskills.Thusweshouldencouragecooperationtobetterpreparechildrenforthefuture.Firstly,inthepresentagemarkedbythetransformativepotentialoftechnologytofacilitateinteractions,cooperationisanespeciallyprizedsoftskilltohave.Asaresearchstudyproves,softskillssuchasgoodcommunicationandempathyconsistofqualitativeindicatorsofoutstandingemployeesascomparedtotechnicalskillsorknowledge.Incontrast,excessively（過分地）competitiveandindividualisticbehaviourmayfracturesocialrelationsinthecommunityofco-workersandsincenomanisanisland,eventhemostcompetentemployeewillnotbeabletopursuehisgoalseffectivelywithoutthehelpofotherswhoareabletoshareacommonvisionandunderstanding.Moreover,encouragingcooperationincreaseahealthysenseofself-esteeminchildrenthatbetterpreparesthemforthecompetitiveworkingworld.Manymodemsocietiestodayareconsumedbyanobsessivedriveforsuccessandthepressuretoperformhasinfiltratedbothclassroomsandofficesalike.Theconsequencesofthefiercecompetitivecultureincludehigherratesofanxietyanddepressionamonguniversitystudentsandofficeworkers,whichareallcounterproductive.Teamworkcanhelpamaturingindividualrealisethateachhashisorherownuniquesetofabilitiestobringtothetableandthatanotherperson'sstrengthsdonotinanywaydiminish（降彳氐）thevalueofhisorhertalents.Thus,cooperationcanaffirmtheself-worthofchildrenbycorrectingtheviolentinsightthatwinningorpaperachievementisanexclusive（唯一）measureofsuccessinlife.However,criticsmayclaimthatinacutthroatworld,adaptingtocompetitionshouldbeofsupremepriorityineducationandparenting.Toachieveone'sdeepestambitions,suchastobecomeamedicalstudent,ortocreateatechstart-up,onehastoadoptcompetitionbyactivelyfightingforopportunitiesanddistinguishingoneselffromothers.Nevertheless,sincepassioncanalreadystimulatechildrentoworkhardtofulfilltheirambitions,theneedtoencouragecompetitionmaybeattheendoftheday.Asmuchasexternalcompetitioncandrivepeopletopursueexcellence,internalmotivationisatleastequallyorarguablyevenmoreessential,andcollaborationplaysaninstrumentalroleinhelpingoneuncoverone'stendencyandmotivations.WhatcanbeinferredfromAdamSmith'swords?A.Oursocietyisincreasinglyinterconnected.Ourdinnerismadeoutoftheregardstomarkets.Self-interestpushesthedevelopmentofeconomies.Thebutcher,thebrewerorthebakerisnotsympathy.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fracture”meaninparagraph2probablymean?A.Deepen.B.Establish.C.Maintain.D.Damage.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?Paperachievementisanexclusivemeasureofsuccess.Confidenceandambitionscanbeachievedthroughcooperation.Activelyfightingfordistinguishingoneselfisahealthycompetition.Competitionisnotessentialforpeopletopursueexcellence.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?Tointroduceparentstheadvantagesofcooperation.Toinformparentstobalancecooperationandcompetition.Topersuadeparentstocareabouttheirchildren'seducation.Totellparentstoencouragetheirchildrentolearntocooperate.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenyouneedtofindasolutiontoadesignproblem,youcouldaskyourself,“Whatanimalsorplantsfaceasimilarproblemintheirlives,andhowdotheyhandleit?"35Termites（白蟻）inAfricacontrolthetemperatureandaircurrentsintheirnestsbyhavingthickwallsandairspacesinthetoppart.TheEastgateCentreinHarare,Zimbabwewasdesignedinasimilarway,withthickoverhangsshadingthewindows,andalltheofficesconnectedtoabigchimneylettinghotairescape.Thisallowsittostaycoolwhileusingmuchlessair-conditioning.36EngineerNakatsualsoaskedhimselfthesamequestion.37Akeenbirdwatcher,Nakatsurealisedthatkingfishersalsoexperienceanabruptpressurechangewhendivingintothewater,buttheirbeaksallowthemtopiercethroughthewatersmoothly.Histeamfoundthatputtingalong,pointednoseonthetraingreatlyreducedtheloudboomsinthetunnelandallowedittorunfaster.Havingabigpictureoftheworldweliveinalsohelpsusunderstandhowtechnologycanbeusedtoprotectinsteadofdestroyit.38Ontheotherhand,plasticpackagingcreatesalotofwasteandpollution.Onecompanyhascomeupwithanalternativematerialmadeofcomhuskwasteandsomebigcompaniesarestartingtouseit.39Nakatsuworriesthatchildrentodaydonothavetheopportunitytotouchandfeelnature.Headvisesthatstudentsinuniversityshouldstudymorethanonenarrowfieldsothattheydonotjusthaveonefixedwayofthinking.a.Innature,everythinggetsrecycled.B.Tomimic（模仿）nature,wemustbefamiliarwithit.Itturnsoutthatnaturalbeautyoftenhasalogicalreasonbehindit.Largecitiesfullofpeopleareoftencomparedtoants'colonies（群）.Thisideawasusedtoarrangehundredsofmirrorsatasolarpowerplant.F.ItcouldbeagoodsolutionforthehotandcrowdedcitiesinSoutheastAsiatoo.g.Hisproblemwasthatthepressurefromabullettrainrushingintoatunnelathighspeedcausedloudnoises.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。"Chooseyourfriendswisely”maynotonlybegoodparentaladvicebutalsoawaytodobetterincollege，aresearchstudyfinds.Researchersprovethatstudentswhobefriendstudious（好學的）peersspendmorehoursstudyingthemselvesandposthighergradesduringtheirfreshman（大學一年級新生）year.It'simportanttoclarifythathavingsmartfriendsisn'tasimportantashavingstudiousfriendsinthisstudy.Theresearchersdidn'tfindthatfriends9gradesmattered.Whatinfluencedastudent'scollegegradeswerehisorherfriends9highschoolstudyhabits.Tobesure,studentswithhighergradestendtohavebetterstudyhabits.Theyalsofoundthat,foreveryadditional10hoursaweekthatastudert'sfriendshadspentstudyinginhighschool,onaverage,thestudent'sownstudytimeincollegewouldlikelyincreasebyalmost25minutesaday,andthestuden'sownGPA（GradePointAverage）wouldlikelyrisebyalmostatenthofapointduringfreshmanyear.Almostidenticalresultsareamongfreshmanroommatesrandomlyassignedbythecollege,whichconfirmsthatpeersareactuallyinfluencingstudyhabitsandechoingthefriendshipanalysis.Theresearcherscontrolledforgender,raceandprioracademicachievementandfoundthatthepositiveinfluenceofstudiouspeerswassimilarforbothhighachievingandlowachievingstudents.ThedifferencebetweenaBandB+averageis0.3points,sostudiousfriendsareonlynudginggradesupabit.Thatmeanspeersarejustoneofmanyfactorsinfluencinghowwellstudentsdoincollege.Soshouldweencourageparentstopicktheirkids'friendsincollege?”Thisisoneoutcome-GPA.Thereareotherthingsinlife.”saidMehtawhoadmitstoselectingstudiousfriendswhenhewasincollege.Whatdoresearcherssuggeststudentsdoincollegeinthisstudy?Howcanstudiousfriendshelpastude