2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語風(fēng)向卷（二）【新高考專用】（教師版）

答案第=page1414頁，共=sectionpages1414頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁機(jī)密啟用前 姓名準(zhǔn)考證號2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新高考卷）英語風(fēng)向卷（二）注意事項(xiàng)：答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上?；卮疬x擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A．Getsomedrink. B．Asktheway. C．Refuelthecar.2．Howdoesthewomanfeel?A．Serious. B．Angry. C．Nervous.3．Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A．Asalesgirl. B．Asecretary. C．Atypist.4．Whenwillthemanhavetoleavetocatchthemorningflight?A．At8：00a．m. B．At5：15a．m.C．At4：45a．m.5．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hewantstochangehisjob.B．Heisauniversitystudent.C．Heisworriedabouthislife.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whichcityisthepackagefrom?A．Chicago. B．St.Paul. C．DesMoines.7．Whatwasthedateyesterday?A．December13th. B．December14th.C．December15th.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Howmuchwillamemberpaythesportsclubamonth?A．￡40. B．￡20. C．￡14.9．Whatclassisofferedonweekends?A．Weightlifting. B．Swimming. C．Kickboxing.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whatdoesthewomancaremostaboutthesummerdaycamp?A．Itshistory. B．Itsreputation. C．Itslocation.11．Howcancampersbenefitfromtakingpartinthecamp?A．Improvingtheirgrades.B．Learningtypesofskills.C．Developingspecialinterests.12．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Neighbors. B．Teacherandparent.C．Husbandandwife.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．WhatdoesMikedo?A．Ateacher. B．Awriter. C．Anurse.14．Whatisthemanbestat?A．Organizingclassesandmaterials.B．Communicatingwithothers.C．Givingordersasaleader.15．Whatmadethemangetintoteaching?A．Hisinterest. B．Theeasywork. C．Thehighsalary.16．Whendidthemanbecomeateacher?A．Attheageof25. B．Attheageof28. C．Attheageof30.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthepurposeofthisbroadcast?A．ToentertainpeoplewithEnglish.B．TohelppeopletolearnEnglish.C．TotalkaboutwaysoflearningEnglish.18．WhatisthekeytolearningEnglishaccordingtothespeaker?A．Talkingaboutweather.B．Spendingmoretime. C．Practicingenough.19．WhichdirectiondidStormCallumcomefrom?A．Thewest. B．Theeast. C．Thesoutheast.20．HowdidtheStormaffectsoutheasternEngland?A．Floodwascaused. B．Treeswereblowndown.C．Leaveswereblowneverywhere.【答案】1—5CBACA6—10ACBBB11—15BCCBA16—20BBCAC第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEmployerstodaytendtohirestudentswhotrulymadethemostoftheirtimeoncampus.Gettinginvolvedinanextracurricularclubcouldbeoneofyourhighlights.Media&PublicationClubItfocusesonpublishingacampusnewspaper,creatingawebsite,orwritingads.Theskillsetsrequiredtosuccessfullycreatemediatodayareincrediblyvaried.Youmayhaveapassionforthewrittenwordorlovegraphicdesign.Whateverthecase,youarelikelytofindyourplacewithintheclub.AcademicClubThisclubisamongthemostpopularoncampus,whichcanbeagreatbenefittoadegreeseeker,becauseitallowsyoutoconnectwithotherstudentsinthesamemajorandofteneventonetworkwithprofessionalsfromindustriesinwhichyouplantoseekemploymentaftergraduation.CommunityServiceClubIfyouareeagertomakeadifferencetotheworld,theclubfocusingonservingothersmightbetheperfectmatchforyou.Thisclubisintendedforchildren,seniors,animals,theenvironment,andsoon.Ifyouhaveadesiretohelp,theopportunitytoserveislikelytoexistonyourcampus.Sports&RecreationClubIfyouarepassionateaboutthesportyou'repursuing,itdoesnotmatterifyouplayattheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)level.ClubsportsareusuallynotregulatedbytherulesoftheNCAA,andyouhavechancestotraveltoothercollegesinordertocompete.Thelevelofcompetitionisgenerallynotquiteasintense,whichmakesclubsportsanextremelypopularoptionifyoujustwanttoplayforfun.21．Whichcluboffersthechancetoworkwithyourpotentialcolleagues?A．Media&PublicationClub.B．AcademicClub.C．CommunityServiceClub.D．Sports&RecreationClub.22．WhatdoweknowabouttheSports&RecreationClub?A．ItmustfollowtheNCAArules.B．Itcanholdinterschoolcompetitions.C．Itoffersintensetrainingfromtimetotime.D．ItonlyadmitsmembersfromtheNCAA.23．Whoisthetexttargetedat?A．Employers.B．Professors.C．Undergraduates.D．Children.【分析】本文介紹了針對大學(xué)生開設(shè)的四個(gè)課外俱樂部，包括其活動內(nèi)容及帶來的益處等?！敬鸢浮?1．B22．B23．C【詳解】21．B，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AcademicClub部分的becauseitallowsyoutoconnectwithotherstudents…industriesinwhichyouplantoseekemploymentaftergraduation可知，學(xué)術(shù)俱樂部可以讓你和其他同專業(yè)的學(xué)生，甚至和你畢業(yè)后打算從事的行業(yè)的專業(yè)人士經(jīng)常溝通。由此可知，學(xué)術(shù)俱樂部為你提供了與未來同事一起工作的機(jī)會。故選B項(xiàng)。22．B，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sports&RecreationClub部分的andyouhavechancestotraveltoothercollegesinordertocompete可知，運(yùn)動和娛樂俱樂部可以舉辦校際比賽。故選B項(xiàng)。23．C，推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Employerstodaytendtohirestudentswhotrulymadethemostoftheirtimeoncampus.可知，這篇文章的目標(biāo)讀者是大學(xué)生，故選C項(xiàng)。BItwasanearlyblowtomyselfconfidence.Iwasattendingmyfirstgroupmeetinginthelabasapostdoc,andIwaspleasedthatIcouldfollowmostofthediscussion.Then,infrontofeveryone,theprofessorturnedtomeandaskedaboutmypreviousaccomplishments.Ifroze.AsaPh.D.student,Ihadachievedlotstobeproudof.ButallofthosewereinmyhomecountryofBrazil.ThenIwasinWashington,D．C.andIdidn'tknowwhattheword“accomplishment”meant.SoallIcouldsaywas“Idon'tknow”．IhaddecidedtodoapostdocabroadbecauseIthoughtthetrainingwouldhelpmesecureateachingposition.IappliedforandreceivedaBraziliangovernmentfellowshiptospend18monthsworkingabroadandgotapositioninalab.Itallseemedsoeasy—untilIactuallystarted.Inanewcountry,Istruggled.Afterthemortifyinglabmeetingincident,myconfidencetookanotherhit.ThepaperIintendedtopublishdidnotmaterialize.Iusedtobeinvitedtogivetalks.Here,Iwasaskedtospeakmoreslowlybecauseofmyaccent.Myconfidencewasdestroyed.Aftermonthsofselfdoubt,IremindedmyselfthatIhadpotential.Ineededtodosomethingtoregainmyconfidence.IthoughtachangeofenvironmentmightbewhatIneeded.SoImadethemove.Inanewlab,Istillfeltinsecure.However,IwasdeterminedtomakethemostofthetimeIhad.Thereweremoreopportunitiestointeractwithothers,whichforcedmetotalkmore.Itwasawfulatfirst,butwithpracticeIbegantofeelmoreconfidentinmyEnglish.Iproposednewprojects.Ibegantoreceivepositivefeedbackonmypresentations.Myconfidenceisbacknow.IfeelalittlelikeWonderWoman.Shewasastrongsoldierinherhomeland.Whensheleft,sheexperiencedobstaclesandfailuresonlytobecomeevenstrongerthanbefore.24．Whatwastheauthor'sreactionwhenaskedaboutherpreviousachievements?A．Shefeltinsecure.B．Shekeptsilent.C．Shewasataloss.D．Shefeltproud.25．Whydidtheauthorgoabroad?A．Toapplyforagovernmentfellowship.B．Togetadoctor'sdegree.C．Tobuildherownlab.D．Togainexperienceforaposition.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph1referto?A．Theauthordidn'tgiveaproperresponseinalabmeeting.B．Thepapertheauthorintendedtopublishdidnotmaterialize.C．Theauthorwasaskedtospeakmoreslowlybecauseofheraccent.D．Theauthorremindedherselfthatshehadpotential.27．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ALabMeetingIncidentB．IFoundMyInsideWonderWomanC．Brazilians'ConfidenceImprovedD．PoorEnglishRuinedOpportunities【分析】文章主要講述了作者在國外從事研究工作的經(jīng)歷，期間受到的挫折讓作者變得更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和自信。【答案】24．C25．D26．A27．B【詳解】24．C，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段第四句Ifroze.及尾句SoallIcouldsaywas“Idon'tknow”．可知，聽到教授的詢問之后，作者愣住了，感到有點(diǎn)困惑，不知道怎么回答，最后只是說了句“我不知道”。因此，當(dāng)被問及她以前的成就時(shí)，作者的反應(yīng)是不知所措，故選C項(xiàng)。25．D，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句IhaddecidedtodoapostdocabroadbecauseIthoughtthetrainingwouldhelpmesecureateachingposition.可知，作者決定去國外做一名博士后，是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為這種培訓(xùn)能幫助她獲得一個(gè)教學(xué)職位。因此，作者出國是為了獲得職位經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。26．A，詞義猜測題。It位于本段段首，應(yīng)該指代本段后文提到的內(nèi)容。結(jié)合首段內(nèi)容可知，作者作為博士后參加了實(shí)驗(yàn)室的第一次小組會議，教授詢問她以前的成就時(shí)，她愣住了，沒有給出恰當(dāng)?shù)幕卮?。這件事讓她的自信心受到了打擊。因此，首段首句中的It是指作者在實(shí)驗(yàn)室會議上沒有給出恰當(dāng)?shù)幕卮疬@件事，故選A項(xiàng)。27．B，主旨大意題。通讀全文并結(jié)合首段中的Itwasanearlyblowtomyselfconfidence.及末段中的Myconfidenceisbacknow.IfeelalittlelikeWonderWoman.可知，經(jīng)過一番挫折，作者并沒有灰心，而是果斷采取行動提升自己，經(jīng)過不斷的努力練習(xí)，她的自信心恢復(fù)了，這些挫折讓作者變得更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和自信，感覺自己就像神奇女俠一樣。故選B項(xiàng)。CInmostbiologymajors,studentsreadaboutgenetics(遺傳學(xué))intextbooks.ButatStanfordUniversity,professorsaretakingittothenextlevelandlettingstudentsreadtheirownDNAcodes,theMercuryNewsreportedlastweek.Withthisfirsthandviewoftheirblueprints,somestudentsfindtheyarefacingincreasedpossibilityofdevelopingbraindiseasessuchasAlzheimer's(阿爾茨海默病)．Stanfordisoneofthefewuniversitiestooffercoursesinwhichstudentscanreadtheirveryowngeneticsequences(序列)．“Iamteachingsomethingtheyneedtoknow，”StuartKim,professorofdevelopmentalbiologyandgeneticsandcofounderofthecourse,toldtheMercuryNews.“Thesearefuturescientistswhoneedtounderstandtheunderlyingconceptsbehindthisexplodingfield.Wearepreparingthemtodoadvancedbiomedicine.”Someoftheinformationcanbeupsetting,becausethereisn'talwaysacure.Forexample,studentsmightfindtheycarryageneticvariant(變體)thatpredictsParkinson'sdisease,orvariantsthatincreasetheriskofdevelopingcancer.Asaresult,thecoursehascausedcontroversyatStanfordUniversity.Facultymembersandotherexpertsworrythatthefindingsmaycauseupsetamongstudents.Theyfearstudentswillbeharmed“fromeitherwhattheylearningenetictesting,orpossiblebreaches(破壞)ofprivacyiftheystartchattingaboutresultsinclass”，accordingtoHankGreely,directorofStanford'sCenterforLawandtheBiosciences.Studentssaytheyarewillingtoacceptanyemotionalanxietythatmaycomewiththefindingsandsaythey'vebeenensuredbylawyersthattheirhealthinsuranceisnotatrisk.28．WhatdidStanfordUniversityoffertoitsstudents?A．Readingbooksaboutgenetics.B．Havingstudentsmakedifferentdiscoveries.C．Helpingthempayattentiontobraindiseases.D．Lettingthemreadtheirowngeneticsequences.29．WhydidStanfordUniversityrequirestudentstoreadtheirownDNAcodes?A．Topreparestudentstobefuturescientists.B．Tohelpstudentsavoiddevelopingdiseases.C．Toletstudentsknowmoreaboutthemselves.D．Tohelpstudentsunderstandtheconceptsofbiology.30．WhatwasHankGreely'sattitudetowardthecourse?A．Indifferent.B．Doubtful.C．Objective.D．Supportive.31．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．TointroducethegeneticcourseinStanfordUniversity.B．Tocallonotheruniversitiestoopenasimilarcourse.C．TopraisethemeaningfulcourseofStanfordUniversity.D．TopresentadvantagesanddisadvantagesofacourseinStanfordUniversity.【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了斯坦福大學(xué)開設(shè)了一門關(guān)于基因序列的課程，教授學(xué)生讀自己的基因序列?！敬鸢浮?8．D29．A30．B31．A【詳解】28．D，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句中的lettingstudentsreadtheirownDNAcodes可知，此課程可以讓學(xué)生讀自己的基因序列。故選D項(xiàng)。29．A，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thesearefuturescientists…Wearepreparingthemtodoadvancedbiomedicine.可知，斯坦福大學(xué)讓學(xué)生讀自己的基因序列的目的是讓他們?yōu)槌蔀槲磥硐嚓P(guān)領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家做準(zhǔn)備。故選A項(xiàng)。30．B，推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段漢克·格里利所說的話可知，他們擔(dān)心學(xué)生在基因測試中所學(xué)到的知識，以及因?qū)ρ芯拷Y(jié)果進(jìn)行討論而可能造成的對隱私的侵犯，都會給學(xué)生帶來負(fù)面影響。由此可推知，他對該課程是持懷疑態(tài)度的。故選B項(xiàng)。31．A，推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段引入對斯坦福大學(xué)基因序列相關(guān)課程的介紹，第二至三段介紹該課程的意義，第四段至末段介紹該課程引發(fā)的爭議及相關(guān)各方的態(tài)度。由此可知，本文的寫作目的是對斯坦福大學(xué)的基因課程進(jìn)行介紹。故選A項(xiàng)。DDoyouliketokeepfit?We'realwaystoldthatregularexerciseisgoodforourbodyandmind.Moreandmorepeoplearetakingupactivitiesthatimprovetheirfitness.Butisthereariskthatsomeofusmightgetobsessed(著迷的)andoverdoit?Forsomepeople,fitnesshasbecomeanobsessionastheyaimforperfection.Andfitnesstrackersandappscanaddweighttothisaddiction,especiallyifsomeoneisdrivenbyachievementandperfectionism.Andsharingdataonsocialmediameansexercisingbecomespublicandcompetitive,whichcouldcauseproblemsforsomeonewhoisvulnerable(脆弱的)．Expertssaythiscanleadtoamedicalconditioncalledorthorexianervosa,oraddictiontounhealthyeatingandoverexercise.Ifuntreated,itcanleadtomalnutritionandmentalhealthcomplications.Toomuchexercisecanalsotake__its__tollonsomeone'sphysicalhealth.Symptomsofoverexerciseincludeinjuriessuchasabrokenlegandaweakimmunesystem.Sohowmuchexerciseistoomuch?Researchfoundthattheidealpaceofjoggingwasabouteightkilometersperhourandthatitwasbesttojognomorethanthreetimesaweekorfor2.5hoursintotal,showingthatmoderatejoggingispossiblymorebeneficialthanbeinginactiveorundertakingstrenuous(劇烈的)jogging.Ifyou'remoreofacouchpotatothanasprinter,thismightsoundlikegoodnews.Butforamateurathleteswhocan'thelpbutpushtheirbodiestothelimit,theadvicefromMartinTurner,asportsandexercisepsychologist,is:It'sallaboutlettinggo,notbeingobsessed,learningnottocontroleverything,andyoudon'tneedtobeperfect.32．Whatcontributestopeople'saddictiontofitnessaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Theirhateforsocialmedia.B．Theirpursuitofperfectionism.C．Theiraddictiontogames.D．Theirconcernoverhealthissues.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takeitstoll”inparagraph3mean?A．Haveabadeffect.B．Gohandinhand.C．Makelittledifference.D．Playanimportantrole.34．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theriskoffitnessobsession.B．Theimportanceofmentalhealth.C．Thedisadvantagesofmoderatejogging.D．Thebenefitsofoverexercise.35．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Science.B．Politics.C．Culture.D．Lifestyle.【分析】本文介紹了沉迷健身給我們帶來的影響，建議我們要適度健身，不必追求完美。長難句分析：Researchfoundthattheidealpaceofjoggingwasabouteightkilometers主語謂語賓語從句perhourandthatitwasbesttojognomorethanthreetimesaweekor賓語從句for2.5hoursintotal,showingthatmoderatejoggingispossiblymore現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語beneficialthanbeinginactiveorundertakingstrenuousjogging．句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，理想的慢跑速度約為每小時(shí)8千米，每周慢跑最好不超過3次，或總時(shí)間不超過2.5小時(shí)，這表明適度慢跑可能比不運(yùn)動或進(jìn)行劇烈慢跑更有益?！敬鸢浮?2．B33．A34．A35．D【詳解】32．B，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，有些人沉迷健身是因?yàn)樗麄冏非笸昝?。故選B項(xiàng)。33．A，詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文的Symptomsofoverexerciseincludeinjuriessuchasabrokenlegandaweakimmunesystem.可知，此處在分析過度健身給身體帶來的危害。故選A項(xiàng)。34．A，主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及后文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了沉迷健身的危害。故選A項(xiàng)。35．D，推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句以及后文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論健身問題，應(yīng)該會出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙中的生活方式版塊，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OurAmazingHandsThehandiswherethemindmeetstheworld.Weuseourhandstobuildfires,toflyairplanes,andtowrite.Thehumanbrain,withitsopenendedcreativity,maybethethingthatmakesthehumanraceunique.Butwithouthands,alltheideaswethinkupwouldcometonothing.36Studyitcarefully,youwillfindsomethinginteresting.Thethumbaloneiscontrolledbynineseparatemuscles.Thewristisagroupofbonesandmusclesconnectedwithnerves.Thenervessendbranchesintoeachfingertip,whichmakesthefingersextremelyflexible.37Earlyhandsseemedmoreunusualandinterestingthananyhandtoday.Someanimalshadsevenfingers.Othershadeight.Butbythetimevertebrates(脊椎動物)appeared340millionyearsago,thehandhaddevelopedintoonlyfivefingers.38Nevertheless,therearestillmanydifferenttypesofhandsinlivinganimals.Afteryearsofresearch,scientistsarebeginningtounderstandthemolecularchangesinhands.39Thismakesthehandsofdifferentanimalsverysimilar.Thereisanetworkofmanygenesthatbuildsahand,andallhandsarebuiltonthatnetwork.Thediscoveryhasgivenscientistsadeeperunderstandingofthedevelopmentofhands.Abird'swingsandalion'spawsmayappeartohavenothingincommon.40Itmayjustbealittlemoreofoneproteinhere,alittlelessofanotherthere.Inthepast,scientistscouldrecognizeonlytheoutwardsignsthathandshaddevelopedfromacommonancestor.Todayscientistsareuncoveringtheinwardsignsaswell.A．Handscanoftenbeusedforanumberofdifferentpurposes.B．Theyalsoseethatallhandsstartoutinmuchthesameway.C．Ithaskeptthatnumberforreasonsscientistsdon'tyetknow.D．Noonewoulddoubtthatthefivefingersaredifferentwitheachother.E．Butthedifferencebetweenthemmaycomedowntoatinychangeinform.F．Thereasonwhywecanuseourhandsforsomanythingsistheirspecialstructure.G．Soyoucanseeaskilledwatchmakerusehishandstosetspringsinplaceunderamicroscope.【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類神奇的手，包括其特殊結(jié)構(gòu)、進(jìn)化歷史及最新相關(guān)發(fā)現(xiàn)等?！敬鸢浮?6．F37．G38．C39．B40．E【詳解】36．F，分析第二段內(nèi)容可知，設(shè)空后一句中提到的it指的是手的結(jié)構(gòu)。F項(xiàng)(我們可以用手做很多事情的原因在于它們的特殊結(jié)構(gòu))中的structure與其呼應(yīng)，符合語境。37．G，上文說明了手指靈活的原因，設(shè)空處應(yīng)承接上文，對手的靈活性進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步闡釋。G項(xiàng)(所以你可以看到一個(gè)熟練的鐘表匠用他的手在顯微鏡下把彈簧固定好)是手的靈活性的具體體現(xiàn)，也和上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，符合語境。方法點(diǎn)撥：巧用邏輯推斷解題七選五中常有題目考查考生邏輯推斷的能力，考生要根據(jù)設(shè)空句與上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系來解題。句子間的邏輯關(guān)系包括解釋關(guān)系(對前句或?qū)χ黝}的進(jìn)一步解釋)、并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系等。注意常見提示詞so,while,however等。38．C，上文提到早期有些動物有七根手指，而其他的動物有八根手指，但在3.4億年前脊椎動物出現(xiàn)時(shí)，手進(jìn)化到只有五根手指。C項(xiàng)中的thatnumber指代上文中的five，說明保持五根手指的理由科學(xué)家尚不知道。39．B，上文提到經(jīng)過多年的研究，科學(xué)家們開始了解手在分子層面的變化，B項(xiàng)中的also是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，B項(xiàng)中的They指代上文中的scientists；且B項(xiàng)引出下文“這使得不同動物的手非常相似”，B項(xiàng)中的inmuchthesameway與下文中的verysimilar相呼應(yīng)。40．E，上文提到鳥的翅膀和獅子的爪子似乎沒有共同之處，下文具體解釋了各種類型的手之間的不同所在，E項(xiàng)(但它們之間的差異可能歸結(jié)為形式上的微小變化)承上啟下，符合語境。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thissemester,IamstudyingabroadatMahidolUniversityinThailand.Oneday,ItraveledtoKanchanaburiwithtwofriends.Aftervisitingourlastdestination,duetothe41oflocaltransportation,wedecidedtotakealongwalktothestationto42thelastbusat8p．m.back.However,whenwearrivedaround7：20p．m.,weweretoldbythestafftherethatwewenttothewrongplace.Wedidnoteventhinkabout43thiscouldhappenorwhereweactuallyweresincetheonly44thenwashowtogettothestationontime.Withnotaxiontheroadandnobustothestation,wewere45there.Seeingouranxiety,thestaffsaidtheycouldhelpus.Amalestafferimmediatelystoppedhavinghisdinnerand46themotorcycleengine.However,thatmotorcycle,astheonlyvehiclethey47atthattime,couldonlytakeonepassenger.Itwouldtake4815minutesforaroundtrip.Around7：40p．m.,Iwasstillthere.Suddenly,ayoungmancameto49someoneoffwithamotorcycle.Afemalestaffer,whokepttalkingwithmetoalleviate(緩和)myworry,stoppedhim.Aftertheyspoke,henodded,andshehurriedmeupto50themotorcycle.Ididnotknowwhohewas,butIcouldrememberthatheseemedas51asIwas,asifthepersonwhowasabouttomissthelastbuswerehiminsteadofme.Hedrovefast,whichInormallywouldbeafraidof,butIfelt52then.Withmyhandsonhisshoulders,Ibelievedhewould53sendmetothestationsafely.Everythinghappenedsoquickly.ItwasnotuntilthenextdaythatIknewwemistakenlywenttotheiradministrativeofficeatfirst.AlthoughIhavesaidthankyoutothemseveraltimes,Istillthinkitisnotenoughtoexpressmy54.Iknowwhotheyarenow:Theyarethenamelesspeoplewhoarewillingtoselflesslyhelpothers,55loveandwarmthinsociety.41．A.absence B．number C．speed D．limitations42．A.chase B．grasp C．catch D．seize43．A.who B．why C．when D．what44．A.dilemma B．a(chǎn)pproach C．a(chǎn)nnoyance D．concern45．A.stuck B．a(chǎn)bandoned C．tired D．isolated46．A.started B．set C．fired D．launched47．A.paidattentionto B．hadfaithin C．hadapreferencefor D．hadaccessto48．A.nomorethan B．lessthan C．morethan D．noless49．A.drop B．take C．leave D．send50．A.getoff B．geton C．getin D．getto51．A.frustrated B．a(chǎn)nnoyed C．worried D．satisfied52．A.inpain B．withrespect C．forsure D．a(chǎn)tease53．A.desperately B．directly C．definitely D．deliberately54．A.excitement B．a(chǎn)ppreciation C．disappointment D．sadness55．A.sparing B．spreading C．transforming D．translating【分析】文章主要講述了作者在泰國學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，他與朋友旅行期間遇見了車站好心的工作人員，這些工作人員想辦法幫助他們趕最后一班公共汽車的故事?！敬鸢浮?1．D42．C43．B44．D45．A46．A47．D48．C49．A50．B51．C52．D53．C54．B55．B【詳解】41．D，根據(jù)下文wedecidedtotakealongwalktothestation可知，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)亟煌ǖ木窒扌裕麄儧Q定走遠(yuǎn)路去車站。limitations意為“局限”，常用復(fù)數(shù)，符合語境。absence意為“缺乏”；number意為“數(shù)字”；speed意為“速度”。42．C，根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者他們決定走遠(yuǎn)路去車站趕最后一班公共汽車。catchthebus為固定搭配，意為“趕上公共汽車”，符合語境。chase意為“追趕”；grasp意為“握緊”；seize意為“抓住”。43．B，根據(jù)thinkabout和thiscouldhappenorwhereweactuallywere可知，此處指作者他們沒有思考為什么他們會找錯(cuò)地方以及他們實(shí)際所處的位置在什么地方。why意為“為什么”，符合語境。44．D，根據(jù)上下文語境可知，他們那時(shí)唯一的擔(dān)憂是如何按時(shí)到達(dá)車站。concern意為“擔(dān)心的事”，符合語境。dilemma意為“進(jìn)退兩難的境地”；approach意為“方法”；annoyance意為“煩惱”。45．A，根據(jù)上文Withnotaxiontheroadandnobustothestation可知，因?yàn)闆]有出租車和公共汽車，他們被困在了那里。stuck意為“困住的”，符合語境。abandoned意為“被拋棄的”；tired意為“疲倦的”；isolated意為“孤獨(dú)的”。46．A，根據(jù)上下文語境和常識可知，這個(gè)職員發(fā)動了摩托車引擎。start意為“發(fā)動”，符合語境。set意為“設(shè)置”；fire意為“解雇；開火”；launch意為“發(fā)射”。47．D，根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處指摩托車是他們那時(shí)唯一能使用的交通工具。haveaccessto意為“可以使用”，符合語境。payattentionto意為“注意”；havefaithin意為“信任”；haveapreferencefor意為“偏愛”。48．C，根據(jù)下文Around7：40p．m.,Iwasstillthere.并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，往返的時(shí)間要超過15分鐘。morethan意為“多于”，符合語境。nomorethan意為“不超過”；lessthan意為“少于”；noless意為“居然”。49．A，根據(jù)Suddenly以及cameto________someoneoff可知，此處指突然一個(gè)年輕人騎著摩托車來送一個(gè)人。dropsb.off意為“順便把某人送到”，符合語境。takesb.off意為“模仿某人”；leavesb.off意為“不把某人列入”；sendsb.off意為“罰某人出場”。50．B，根據(jù)上文ayoungman…amotorcycle和Aftertheyspoke,henodded可知，此處指那位年輕人點(diǎn)頭后，女職員讓作者趕緊坐上摩托車。geton意為“上車”，符合語境。getoff意為“下車”；getin意為“進(jìn)入”；getto意為“到達(dá)”。51．C，根據(jù)下文asIwas,asifthepersonwho…insteadofme可知，此處指他似乎跟作者一樣擔(dān)心。worried意為“擔(dān)心的”，符合語境。frustrated意為“沮喪的”；annoyed意為“惱火的”；satisfied意為“滿意的”。52．D，根據(jù)上文Inormallywouldbeafraidof和表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but可知，此處與上文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示與“害怕”相反的狀態(tài)。atease意為“放松地；自在地”，符合語境。inpain意為“感到疼痛”；withrespect意為“懷著敬意”；forsure意為“肯定地”。53．C，根據(jù)上文語境和believed可知，作者感受到了當(dāng)?shù)厝藥椭麄兊臒崆?，所以此處?yīng)是作者相信那個(gè)人肯定會將自己安全送到車站。definitely意為“肯定地；確切地”，符合語境。desperately意為“絕望地；拼命地”；directly意為“直接地”；deliberately意為“故意地”。54．B，根據(jù)上文的AlthoughIhavesaidthankyoutothemseveraltimes可知，此處指作者仍然認(rèn)為這不足以表示他的感謝。appreciation意為“感激”，符合語境。excitement意為“興奮”；disappointment意為“失望”；sadness意為“悲傷”。55．B，根據(jù)Theyarethenameless…h(huán)elpothers和loveandwarmthinsociety可知，此處指的是那些樂于助人的人在社會傳播愛和溫暖。spread意為“傳播”，符合語境。spare意為“騰出；抽出”；transform意為“轉(zhuǎn)變”；translate意為“翻譯”。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Xinjiangisnowinaharvestseason.Lastweek,CCTVteamstraveledtoXinjiang56(record)thesejoyouseventsfromdifferentanglesusingphotography,livebroadcastsinmultiplelanguagesandinterviews.Xinjiangisrichinnaturalresources,whichbenefitsfrom57(it)uniqueclimaticconditions.Enoughsunlightandlargetemperaturedifferencesbetweendayandnightmaketheregion58idealplacetogrowcrops.Xinjiangoffersawide59(various)offruits,andmanypeoplesayAksuprefecturehasthebestapplesintheregion.Aksuhaswitnessedrapiddevelopmentintheappleindustry.Today,itsapplesarehighlysoughtafterathomeandabroad.Ifapplesarenotuniqueenough,theseabuckthorn(沙棘果)can60(definite)becalledanamecardofXinjiangfruit.ItcontainsplentyofvitaminC,even61(high)thankiwifruit.FarmersinnorthernXinjiangarenowharvestingthesmallyellowfruit,62sweettastemakesthemidealformakingjuice.63thelargestcottongrowingareainthecountry,Xinjiangrecorded5.16milliontonsofcottonoutputin2020.Modernagriculturalmachinery64(adopt)incottonpickinginrecentyears,65(boost)thedevelopmentoftheindustryandbenefitinglocalfarmers.【分析】文章主要介紹了新疆豐富的自然資源和水果、棉花等特產(chǎn)?！敬鸢浮?6．torecord57．its58．a(chǎn)n59．variety60．definitely61．higher62．whose63．As64．hasbeenadopted65．boosting【詳解】56．torecord，考查非謂語動詞。句意為：上周，中國中央電視臺的攝制組前往新疆，通過攝影、多語言直播和采訪的方式，從不同的角度記錄了這些歡樂的事件。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填torecord。57．its，考查代詞。句意為：新疆自然資源豐富，得益于其獨(dú)特的氣候條件。此處修飾名詞conditions，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its。故填its。58．a(chǎn)n，考查冠詞。句意為：充足的陽光和巨大的晝夜溫差使該地區(qū)成為種植作物的理想之地。place為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且ideal的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填an。59．variety，考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意為：新疆盛產(chǎn)各種各樣的水果，很多人說阿克蘇地區(qū)的蘋果是該地區(qū)最好的。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“各種各樣的”，應(yīng)用短語awidevarietyof。故填variety。60．definitely，考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意為：如果蘋果不夠獨(dú)特，那么沙棘果絕對可以稱得上是新疆水果的名片。此處修飾謂語canbecalled，應(yīng)用副詞形式，作狀語。故填definitely。61．higher，考查形容詞的比較等級。句意為：它含有豐富的維生素C，(其維生素C的含量)甚至比獼猴桃(的維生素C含量)還高。根據(jù)空后的thankiwifruit可知，此處應(yīng)用high的比較級形式。故填higher。62．whose，考查定語從句。句意為：新疆北部的農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在正在收獲這種黃色的小水果，它的甜味使其成為制作果汁的理想材料。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞thesmallyellowfruit，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。故填whose。63．As，考查介詞。句意為：新疆是全國最大的棉花種植區(qū)，2020年棉花產(chǎn)量達(dá)到516萬噸。設(shè)空處后跟名詞短語作賓語，表示“作為”，應(yīng)用介詞as，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填A(yù)s。64．hasbeenadopted，考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意為：近年來，現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械被用于棉花采收中，促進(jìn)了棉花采收行業(yè)的發(fā)展，使當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民受益。此處主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合空后的inrecentyears可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，主語為Modernagriculturalmachinery，助動詞用has。故填hasbeenadopted。65．boosting，考查非謂語動詞。句意見上一題解析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，boost在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式作結(jié)果狀語，與其邏輯主語Modernagriculturalmachinery構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填boosting。方法點(diǎn)撥：解答語法填空題目，要從理解句子意思和分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及成分兩方面入手。學(xué)會分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分尤為重要，這樣我們才能判斷出所給的動詞(如第56，64，65題)應(yīng)用謂語形式還是非謂語形式，才能確定所給的名詞、形容詞或副詞應(yīng)用何種變化形式(如第59，60，61題)，才能明白主從句之間的關(guān)系(如第62題)。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你校學(xué)生會擬在12月份組織一年一度的英語文化節(jié)活動，請你按照以下提示寫一則通知，鼓勵(lì)同學(xué)們踴躍參加。內(nèi)容包括：1．舉辦時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)；2．具體內(nèi)容；3．參賽獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】參考范文NoticeDearstudents，TomakeourschoollifemorewonderfulandprovideagoodchanceforEnglishlearners,ourschoolhasbeenpreparingtheannualEnglishCultureFestival.Itwillbeheldat3p．m.on10thDecemberinthemeetinghall.YoucantellEnglishstoriesandmakeEnglishpresentationsinvariousforms.Englishteacherswillbeinvitedtobepresentasthejudges.Thetopthreewinnerswillbegranted“thebestEnglishlearners”andwinafreetriptothecapital.Allthestudentsarewelcometoparticipateintheactivity,andyouaresuretobenefitalotfromit.Students'Union【分析】提分詞句：1．提分詞匯：annual；various;present；judge；grant；participatein等。2．提分句型：動詞不定式短語作目的狀語等。寫作提示：1．審題：(1)人稱：以第三人稱為主；(2)時(shí)態(tài)：以一般將來時(shí)為主；(3)體裁：通知類應(yīng)用文。2．寫作要點(diǎn)：(1)英語文化節(jié)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；(2)具體內(nèi)容；(3)參賽獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。點(diǎn)評：本文要點(diǎn)齊全，內(nèi)容通順流暢。文章第一段交代了舉辦文化節(jié)的目的；第二段說明了文化節(jié)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、具體內(nèi)容以及參賽獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；第三段則是表示歡迎全體學(xué)生參與。文中用到了annual;various;present;judge;grant;participatein；動詞不定式短語作目的狀語(TomakeourschoollifemorewonderfulandprovideagoodchanceforEnglishlearners)等高級表達(dá)，為文章增添了亮點(diǎn)。第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Tesswasaprecocious(早