Cultures Influence On Perception 跨文化交際英語ppt

Chapter3Culture’sInfluenceonPerceptionTextAHumanPerception曹可欣自控1603Doyouknowwhatthisis?Doyoulikeit?IfyouareanAfrican,whatdoyouthinkofthisfood?ThisisatraditionalfoodinAfrica--Pap,whichisoneofthemostcommonfoodinAfricajustlikericeandnoodleinChina.Areyouinterestedinthisspecialfood?

Doyouknowwhatthisis?Peoplefromdifferentculturesusuallythinkdifferently.Thinkingusuallyinvolveshighermentalprocesses,i.e.perceptionandremembering.Ourperceptionsareinfluencedbywhoweare,includingtheaccumulationofourexperiences.Itisimportanttorecognizeandexaminefactorsthatmightdistort(扭曲)theaccuracyofourinterpretations.Culturecanaffectwhatwesense,andithasgivengreatinfluencetoourperception.Wecanfindtherearetwoimportantstagesforhumanperception:sensingstageandperceivingstage.Let’sdiscussthemseparately.SensingStagePerceivingStage1.SensingSensingisthefirststeptodotheinformationprocessing.Weneedtostudyeveryrulerelatedtohumansensationthoroughlyinordertounderstandthemodelofhumanperceptionwell.a.sensationSensationistheneurological(神經(jīng)學的)processbywhichpeoplebecomeawareoftheirenvironment.Intheprocessofhumancommunication,wearesurroundedbyexternalstimuliallthetime.Thehumanbeingtakesinallkindsofstimulifromtheoutsideworldwiththehelpofourfivebasicsenses.Thetablebelowshowshuman’sfivesensesindetail.SenseStructureStimulusReceptorVisionEyeLightwavesRods(桿狀細胞)andcones（錐狀細胞）HearingEarSoundwavesHaircells（毛細胞）TasteTongueChemicalsTastebuds（味蕾）SmellNoseChemicalsHaircellsTouchSkinPreassureNervecells（神經(jīng)細胞）Whatthecolorisofthisdress?gold

and

white?orblue

andblack?b.

HumanSenseLimitationWecansensethecolorfulworldthroughourphysicalsenses,butwecannotbeequippedwithtoolstoperceiveeverythingasahumanspecies.Oursensationtoolsarenotsensitiveenoughtodetectallthechangesaroundus,forthesesensescannotgivetheobjectivereflectionofanyobjectandoursenseshavesomelimitations.Q:CanyougivemeanexampleaboutHumanSense

Limitation?(5senses)Q:Whatisthe

sensingstage?2.PerceivingWeallhavesimilareyes,musclesandnerveendingsthatenableustosensetheworld;however,wecannotalwayshavethesameideasaboutthesameinformationwereceivefromtheoutsideworld.Why?Wehaveourownwaytoperceivethemandperceivingisasubjectiveprocess.a.PerceptionPerceptionistheprocessbywhichwebecomeawareofobjects,events,andespeciallypeopleandtheirbehaviorsthroughourvarioussensesandinvolveshigher-ordercognitionintheinterpretationofthesensoryinformation.Itisanactiveratherthanapassiveprocess.Whenwereadabook,hearaconcert,touchasurface,smellcologne(科隆香水),ortastecaviar(魚子醬),weexperiencefarmoretheimmediatesentrystimulation.Ourperceptionareonlypartlyafunctionoftheoutsideworld;inalargemeasuretheyareafunctionofourownculture,experiences,ourdesires,ourneedsandourloveandhatred.b.

TheProcessofPerceptionTheprocessofperceptioncanbedividedintothreestages:selection(選

擇),organization

（組

織）,andinterpretation

（理

解）(1)SelectionThefirststepintheperceptionprocessisselection.Withintheirphysiologicallimitations,peopleareexposedtomorestimulithantheycouldpossiblymanage.Selectionisaprocessinwhichwescreenoutwhatweneedfromallthestimuliandinformationaroundus.(2）OrganizationThesecondstepistheperceptionprocessisorganization.Itistheprocessduringwhichweneedtoorganizeandimposestructureonwhatweobserveinameaningfulway.Allalongwithselectingstimulifromtheoutsideworld,peoplemustorganizeitinacertainway.(3)InterpretationThethirdstageintheperceptionprocessisinterpretation.Oncewehaveorganizedthestimuli,we