補充文檔：Powerfulmusic微課

Unit3PowerfulMusic補充文檔(連詞和狀語從句2)考點一連詞在句中連接單詞、短語、從句或者句子的詞為連詞。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點，連詞通常分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。1.并列連詞按照在句中的作用可分為：表并列關(guān)系的連詞(and，aswellas，both...and...，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...等)、表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞(but，yet，however，while，nevertheless等)、表選擇關(guān)系的連詞(or，either...or...，otherwise等)、表因果關(guān)系的連詞(for，so，therefore等)。—WhydoyoulikestayinginGuiyang?—Becausetheweatherthereisneithertoohotnortoocold.2.引導名詞性從句或狀語從句的主要有以下從屬連詞：that，whether，if，as，when，while，till，until，since，after，before，because，though，although，so...that，where等。Iarrivedafterheleft.考點二時間狀語從句1.when，while，as都可譯為“當……的時候”，但側(cè)重點有所不同。當主句動作是瞬時的，從句動作是延續(xù)的時，三者都可以用。as強調(diào)主、從句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生。while從句的謂語必須是延續(xù)的，不能是非延續(xù)性動詞。Shesangaswewalked.Ilistenedcarefullywhileshewassinging，andwefelthappywhenwegothome.我們一邊走她一邊唱，她唱的時候我認真聽。到家的時候我們感覺很高興。2.until和not...untiluntil要與延續(xù)性動詞連用；not...until要與非延續(xù)性動詞連用。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.3.特殊的時間狀語從句的引導詞1)themoment，theminute，theinstant，thesecond；nosooner...than...；hardly/scarcely...when...等以及表示瞬間的directly，immediately，表示“一……就……”，相當于assoonas。nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...結(jié)構(gòu)中nosooner和hardly/scarcely引導的句子中謂語動詞通常用過去完成時，而than和when引導的句子中謂語動詞通常要用一般過去時，此外，nosooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首時，句子應用部分倒裝語序。TellhimthenewstheminuteyoumeetTom.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.2)nexttime，thefirsttime，lasttime，everytime，thespring(summer，autumn，winter)等，這類短語名詞直接用作連詞引導時間狀語從句。EverytimeIseehimhewearsapleasantsmile.4.bythetime也可以引導時間狀語從句，意為“到……時為止”，主句一般用完成時態(tài)。Bythetimehewasfourteen，Einsteinhadlearnedadvancedmathematicsallbyhimself.(從句為一般過去時，主句要用過去完成時)5.幾組固定形式1)Itwillbe＋一段時間＋before...多久之后才……2)Itis＋一段時間＋since...自從……以來已有多長時間了。3)beabouttodo...when...；bedoing...when...；onthepointofdoing...when...Itwillbetwodaysbeforehereturns.ItisthreeyearssinceIcamehere.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmycousincame.考點三結(jié)果狀語從句其常用句型：so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句so＋many/much/little(少)/few＋名詞＋that從句such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句such＋形容詞＋復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogooutforawalk.考點四because，since，as和nowthat1.because為常用詞，且說明的是直接原因，并可回答why引導的問句。2.as，since和nowthat語氣較弱，常用來表示一些顯而易見或?qū)Ψ街赖脑颉ince譯為“既然，鑒于”時不可用as替換。Ididn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.—Whyareyoulatetoday?—BecauseIdidn'tcatchthebus.Asit'sraining，you'dbettertakeataxi.Sinceeverybodyishere，let'sbegin.考點五讓步狀語從句引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though，although，evenif/though，however，nomatterhow，nomatterwhat，nomatterwho等。1.though，although引導讓步狀語從句時都不能和but連用，但可以同yet(still)連用。Althoughheisrich，yetheisnothappy.2.as/though引導的讓步從句時，從句要采用倒裝語序。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemstodotheworkwell.Youngas/thoughheis,heisexpertinthisfield.3.whether...ornot意為“無論(是否)”。Whetheryoubelieveitornot，itistrue.4.however＋形容詞/副詞＝nomatterhow＋形容詞/副詞……，意為“無論多么……”。Nomatterhowcolditis，hestillworksoutdoors.5.wh-ever等一系列連詞既可引導讓步狀語從句相當于nomatterwh-，也可引導名詞性從句。而nomatterwh-只能引導讓步狀語從句，不能引導名詞性從句。Nomatterwhathappened，hewouldnotmind.＝Whateverhappened，hewouldnotmind.考點六條件狀語從句條件狀語從句通常分為兩大類：真實條件句和虛擬條件句。引導條件狀語從句的連詞有：if，unless/if...not，aslongas/solongas，asfaras/sofaras，provided/providing(that)，onconditionthat等。1.條件狀語從句中如果主句是將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如果條件狀語從句中出現(xiàn)過去式，則為虛擬條件句，那么主句要用相應的虛擬語氣形式。Ifheisnotathome，Iwillcomeagain.Ifhehadlistenedcarefully，hewouldhavedoneitbetter.2.unless相當于if...not，在虛擬條件句中可用if...not，但不能用unless。Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.Ifshewerenottoosilly，shewouldunderstandit.考點七目的狀語從句目的狀語從句常用的連詞(短語)有sothat(以便)，inorderthat(以便)，lest，incase，forfearthat...等。1.sothat/inorderthat引導的目的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞can，could等。inorderthat引導的目的狀語從句可以放在主句之前或之后，而sothat引導的目的狀語從句只能放在主句之后。Hespokeloudlysothat/inorderthatallthepeoplecouldhearhimclearly.2.lest，in