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2019年中考英語閱讀理解真題匯編
(帶詳細解析過程)
(名師精講解題方法與技巧+實戰(zhàn)訓練,建議下載練習)
【考點分析】
閱讀理解旨在考查學生閱讀、理解的能力。近幾年來,中考英語題中的閱讀
理解材料新穎,題材豐富,考查學生綜合推斷能力、根據(jù)語篇猜單詞意思的能力
的力度加大,考查學生關注細節(jié)的能力占很大部分。所以學生往往要么沒能正確
理解語篇中某些句子的意思,在細節(jié)題上丟分,要么就是對語篇的整體把握不夠,
在綜合題或者推斷題方面丟分。那么到底怎么做好閱讀理解這一題型呢?
一、解題思路
(一)先讀問題,弄清考查要點,以便能帶著問題看文章,這樣會心中有數(shù),有
的放矢。
(二)快速瀏覽全文,掌握全貌,注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關的信息,如果時間緊,至
少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標題和文章內容結合起來想一想,這樣全文大
意便清楚了。此時,不要忙于答題。
(三)細讀原文,捕捉相關信息詞,掌握短文細節(jié)內容。這是解題的關鍵,應特
別注意以下幾點:
1.抓住四個"W"和一個"H",就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記,把What(事件),When
(時間),Where(地點),Why(原因),How(經過)劃出來。抓住了四個“W”
和一個“H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的問題便可解決。
2.抓住連接詞及起關鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因
果,讓步,遞進,轉折,指代,列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。
這對考生分清文章層次,辨明各種關系,了解人物心理,推斷作者意圖,進行邏
輯推理等手段來分析難點,都具有舉足輕重的作用。
3.注意領會文章的寓意。
4.根據(jù)題意,初選答案。這一步須仔細審題,領會測試要求,確定解題方法。
對那些明顯的,有把握的題可以斷然確定,不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而浪費
時間:有些略難的題,應再查閱短文(不是重讀一遍),迅速找出依據(jù),予以排
除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種:
①直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。
②歸納解題法。對于不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索
的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。
③綜合推理法。讀者需統(tǒng)觀全文,認真分析,綜合推理及至計算,最后歸納出
正確答案。
題干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,
accordingto”等字眼時,屬于推斷概括型,考查內容著眼于全篇,考生應具備一定
的分析歸納,推理等邏輯思維能力。
④捕捉關鍵詞。在閱讀時應該注意與問題相關的同義詞,近義詞,反義詞或
同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。
⑤轉換解題法。即原文這么說,而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉換
一種說法,但仍表示同一含義。
⑥排除法。根據(jù)語言,句法結構,信息詞和常識,在沒有把握的選項中用排
除法得出正確答案。
四、重讀原文,仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最后一道題后,如果時間允許,再將
原文讀一遍;用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題,研究其內在聯(lián)系和邏輯關系,目
的在于對所做答案進一步審查,推出未解答的題,以便減少失誤。
真題實戰(zhàn)訓練
專項訓練七節(jié)假日活動
時間:8?10分鐘/篇分值:2分/小題
Passage1(2018福州)
InBritain,BoxingDayisusuallycelebratedonDecember26th,whichisthefollowingday
afterChristmasDay.However,strictlyspeaking,BoxingDayisthefirstweekdayafterChristmas.
LJkeChristmasDay,BoxingDayisapublicholiday.Thismeansit*sanon-workingdayinthe
wholeofBritain.WhenBoxingDayfallsonaSaturdayorSunday,thefollowingMondayisthe
publicholiday.
Theexactorigin(起源)oftheholidayisunclear.OneofthethoughtsisthatduringtheMiddle
Ages,whengreatsailingshipsweresettingofftodiscovernewland,aChristmasBoxwasplaced
byapriest(神父)oneachship.Thosesailorswhowantedtoensureasafereturnwoulddrop
moneyintothebox.Itwassnoled_upandkeptonboarduntiltheshipcamehomesafely.Thenthe
boxwashandedovertothepriestintheexchangeforthesayingofaMassofthanksforthesuccess
ofthesailing.Thepriestwouldn'topenittosharethecontentswiththepooruntilChristmas.
Onemorethoughtisaboutthe“AlmsBox“placedineverychurchonChristmasDay.
Worshippers(做禮拜的人)putgiftsforthepoorintoit.Theseboxeswerealwaysopenedtheday
afterChristmas,thatiswhythatdaybecameknownasBoxingDay.
Today,manybusinesses,organizationsandfamiliestrytokeepthetraditionalspiritofBoxing
Dayalivebydonating(捐贈)theirtime,servicesandmoneytoaidFoodBanks,providinggiftsfor
thepoor,orhelpingfamiliesinneed.Besides,spendingtimewithfamilyandshoppingare
popularBoxingDayactivitiesnow.
()1.IfChristmasDayisonaSaturday,BoxingDaywillbecelebratedon.
A.December25,hB.December26Ih
C.December27thD.December28th
()2.SailorsdroppedmoneyintotheChristmasBoxinorderto.
A.savethepoorB.payforthepriest
C.discovernewlandD.prayforsailingsafety
()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"sealedup"mean?
A.密封B.懸掛C.歸還D.傳遞
()4.ThefollowingactivitiescanshowthetraditionalspiritofBoxingDayEXCEPT
A.offeringgiftstothepoor
B.supportingfamiliesinneed
C.spendingtimewithfamily
D.givingmoneytoaidFoodBanks
()5.Thepurposeofthepassageis.
A.topraisethekindnessofpriests
B.tointroducetheoriginsofBoxingDay
C.tocallonpeopletohelpthepoor
D.tocompareBoxingDaywithChristmasDay
Passage2(2018泰州)
Interestingfestivalsintheworld
Throwingtomatoes—Spain(西班牙)
Spaintakes"tomatoesfights“toawholenewlevel.Butthetomatoesare
beingthrown,noteaten.ThefestivaltakesplaceduringthelastWednesday
inAugust.Trucks(卡車)carrytomatoesintothesquare.Peoplerushtothe
tomatoesandthrowthemintothecrowd.
Rollingcheese—England
ThisfestivaliscelebratedonthelastMondayinMay.Ittakesplaceon
CoopefsHill.Alargewheelofcheese(奶酪)isrolleddownCooper'sHill.
Thefestivalisactuallyaracewherepeoplerundownthehillafterthe
rollingcheese.Thefirstpersontocrossthefinishlineatthebottomofthe
hillwinsthecheese.
Burningman—TheUnitedStates
TheBurningManFestivallastsaweek,itisfromtheMondaybeforeLabor
DaytoLaborDay(whichfallsonthefirstMondayinSeptemberin
America).ThefestivaltakesplaceintheBlackRockDesert.Thebestpart
ofthefestivalistheburningofalargesculptureofaman.
Pouringwater-Thailand
TheSongkranFestivalisthecelebrationoftheNewYearinThailand.
Ratherthanasingleday,ThailandcelebratestheNewYearfromApril13th
toApril15th.Thaipeoplerunaftereachother,pouringwater.Songkranis
oneofthemostimportantreasonswhyforeignerstraveltothebeautiful
land.
)1.Howmanyfestivalsarementionedinthepassage?
A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.
()2.WherewillyouprobablygotoenjoyoneofthefestivalsaboveinMay?
A.Spain.B.England.
C.TheUnitedStates.D.Thailand.
()3.WhichfestivalisheldinBlackRockDesert?
A.Throwingtomatoes.B.Rollingcheese.
C.Burningman.D.Pouringwater.
()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thetomatoesarethrownintothecrowdtoeat.
B.Notallthefestivalsabovefallonthesingleday.
C.Burningalargerealmanisthebestpartofthefestival.
D.Songkranistheonlyreasonforattractinglotsoftourists.
()5.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.
A.atourguideB.asciencereport
C.astorybookD.afashionmagazine
Passage3(2018山西)
EmmahasjustfinishedtravellingaloneinEurope.Areyouinterestedinherjourney?Let*s
readsomeofhertraveldiaries.
()1.Emmawaslookingforwardtothistravelbecause.
A.shehadnevertakenatrainridebefore
B.shecoulddoanythingshelikedonthejourney
C.shehopedtokeepherselfawayfromthebusylife
()2.Fromthepassage,wecanknowSalzburgisagreatplacefor.
A.enjoyingclassicalmusic
B.buyingchildren'sbooks
C.visitinghistorymuseums
()3.InAmsterdam,she.
A.climbedthebeautifulmountains
B.travelledalongtheriverinaboat
C.wrotesomepostcardsinherhotel
()4.Shedidn'tneedtoworryabouthersafetyinCopenhagenbecause
A.therewasverylittlecrimethere
B.thecitywasfulloffriendlypeople
C.shethoughtshewascarefulenough
()5.Wecanknowthatfromthepassage.
A.Emmahaslittleinterestinart
B.Emmaisabravebutcarelessgirl
C.Emma'stravelswereenjoyableandspecial
Passage4(2018孝感)
Dearmumanddad,
FmwritingthislettertoyoufromthecenterofAustralia.Atthemomentwe*restayingnear
Uluru-that*stheaboriginal(土著)nameforAyersRock.Onthefirstday,wetookaballoontour
overtherock,andIwassuiprisedathowbigitwas:3.6kilometerslongand384metershigh.The
colorsoftherockarefantastic,andatdifferenttimesoftheday,theychangefrompurpletored.
TheAboriginesarethefirstpeopleofAustralia,andtheancientaboriginalstoriesdescribethe
spiritsthatcreatedtheworld.UluruisacenterofAboriginalculture.
TheAustralianshavemanyBritishrelatives.Thafswhythey'relikeusinmanyways.Their
familylifeissimilartoours,andtheyenjoythesamefoodandhobbies.Thefoodanddrinkthat
mostAustralianslikearegrapes,lamb,hamandespeciallywinethattheymakeinthesouthofthe
country.Theyloveallsports,butfootballisthemostpopular.MostAustralianslivenearthecoast,
sotheyalsolovegoingtothebeach,swimmingandsurfing.
Althoughit*sDecember,it'ssummeroverhere.Thesunshineisverybright,andnearthecoast
thecountrysideisverygreen.Therearelotsofsheepinthefieldsandonthehills,butthe
outback(澳洲內陸)ismorelikeadesert,fullofrocksandsand.
ThenextdayafterwearnvedatUluru,wewentonacamel(駱駝)ride.ThecamelthatIrode
hadabadtemper.WhenIsatonitsback,itbecameveryangryandrefusedme.Soeveryoneelse
thoughtitwasveryfunnythatmycamelkeptlyingdown...
Finally,laterthisevening,we'retakingtheplanebacktoSydneyandcominghome,it'sbeena
fantastictrip!
Tony
()1.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraphOne?
A.UluruisthenameforAyersRock.
B.TheheightofUluruis384meters.
C.TherockofUlurudoesn*tchangecolors.
D.UluruisthecenterofAboriginalculture.
()2.Tonymaybea(n)?
A.BritishB.AustralianC.AmericanD.Chinese
)3.isthemostpopularsportinAustralia.
B.
()4.Theunderlinedword"temper“means""in
Chinese.
A.脾氣B.記憶C.命令D.信心
()5.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?
A.ABalloonTour
B.AnAboriginalLetter
C.AFantasticTrip
D.ASummerEvening
Passage5(20184匕京)
TheBlogofRosie
TheWeekend
ByRosie\June6,2018
Hi!FmonvacationhereinLondon...andifs
fantastic!OnSaturdayIwasintheBritish
Museumforthreehours.OnSundayIvisited
TowerBridge.Wherewereyouoverthe
weekend?Tellmeyournews!
DISCUSSION
0
Sophia-9:30
Gladyou'rehavingagreatvacation.Iwasin
theSummerPalaceinBeijingonSaturday.1
wasthereforaflowershow.Itwasamazing!
Andtherewerelotsofpeople.ButonSundayit
wasrainyandIwasn'tve)ywell.Istayedinbed
forawholeday.
%?Reply?Share
Steve-10:10
ItwascloudythewholeweekendinParis.On
SaturdayIwasatafootballgamewithmy
classmates.Itwasexciting!OnSundayIwasat
theshopswithAnnfarfourhours.
?Reply?Share
Jack-11:00
Iwasn'tathomeovertheweekend.OnSaturday
IwasinScotlandfaratrip.Itwasalovely,
warmdayand1hadapicnicwithfriends.Itwas
great!Sundaywasboring.Ittookmefivehours
togetbackhome.Itwasalongjourney.
?Reply?Share
?
Kate11:20
OnSaturdayIwasatHeathrowAirport.Imeta
friendthereandwetalkedtogetherfortwo
hours.Iwasveryhappy.OnSundayIwasin
Sydneyforaconcert.ItiswinterinAustralia,
anditwaswindyandcold!
?Reply?Share
()1.OnSaturdaySophiawas.
A.intheSummerPalaceB.intheBritishMuseum
C.atTowerBridgeD.atHeathrowAirport
()2.WhatwastheweatherlikewhenStevewasinParis?
A.Rainy.B.Warm.C.Cloudy.D.Cold.
()3.HowlongdidittakeJacktogetbackhome?
A.Twohours.B.Threehours.C.Fourhours.D.Fivehours.
()4.KatewasinSydneyfor.
A.apicnicB.aconcert
C.afootballgameD.aflowershow
Passage6(2018新疆建設兵團)
Thesummervacationisatimetoenjoyachangefromtheschoolyear.It'sagoodchanceto
workondifferentactivitiesthatyoudon'thavemuchtimetododuringtherestoftheyear.
Weaskedabout2,000peoplewhattheywoulddoduringthesummervacation.Mostofthe
survey-takersagreedthatthesummervacationwasabreakfromhomeworkandtheycouldrelax.
Alexissaid,“Atschool,I'mreallytired,soduringthesummervacationIcanreadbooksand
domanyoutdooractivities.”
Amyisinhighschool.Afterschool,shesometimesworksinacafe.Shetoldus,"It'sa
chancetorelaxafterahardschoolyear-sleepmore,andseemyfriendsmore.^^
Wealsoaskedthemiftheywouldbetoobusyorkindofbored.Abouthalf(52%)ofthe
survey-takerssaidtheywouldbebusyduringthesummervacationbutstillhavetimetorelax.And
thatisexactlyhowitshouldbe.
Butnoteveryonesaidtheirsummervacationwouldbetherightbalance(平衡)betweenbeing
busyandrelaxing.Manythoughtthattheywouldbetoobored.
Howboredorbusypeoplefeelduringthesummervacationdependsonhowoldtheyare.
Survey-takersintheirearlyteensweremorelikely(可能的)tobebored.Amongthem,40%said
theywouldbeboredandonly10%thoughttheywouldbetoobusy.
()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"survey?takers“inParagraph2mean?
A.進行調查的人B.接受調查的人
C.寫調查報告的人D.看調查報告的人
()2.WhatdoesAmywanttododuringthesummervacation?
A.Todoapart-timejob.
B.Todosomeoutdooractivities.
C.Tohelpherparentsdohousework.
D.Tosleepmoreandvisitfriendsmore.
()3.Theunderlinedword"that"inParagraph5refersto.
A.feelingbored
B.beingverybusy
C.spendingallthetimeenjoyingoneself
D.havingtimetorelaxthoughbeingbusy
()4.Howboredorbusypeoplefeelduringthesummervacationdependson.
A.theirageB.theirparents
C.wheretheyliveD.whattheyare
()5.Accordingtothepassage,thosewhotookpartinthesurveyaremostprobably
A.scientistsB.doctorsC.studentsD.teachers
參考答案
Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了節(jié)禮日的起源以及人們在這一天所做的
事情。1.C2.D3.A4.C5.B
Passage2【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文?主要介紹了幾個國家有趣的節(jié)日:西班牙的西紅
柿節(jié)、英國的奶酪節(jié)、美國的火人節(jié)、泰國的潑水節(jié)。
1.D2.B3.C4.B5.A
Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇應用文,以日記的形式記錄了艾瑪獨自一人的歐洲之旅,
包括時間、所到之地及所到之地的特色等。
LB【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為:艾瑪期待這次旅行,因為。由第一篇日記中“l(fā)amgoing
toEuropetoseesomecitiesIreallywanttovisit.ItisgreatbecauseIcanchoosewhatIwantto
doineachcity?(可知選B?
2.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為:從文中我們知道Salzburg是一個的好地方。由第二篇
日記中“Mozart,thefamousmusician,wasfromhere.Therearemanyclassicalconcertshere.“可
知本地之所以是一個放松的好地方是因為和音樂相關,可以享受古典音樂帶來的寧靜,故選
Ao
3.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為:在阿姆斯特丹,她。由第三篇日記中“l(fā)ais。tookaboat
ridealongtheriver."可知選B?
4.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為:在哥本哈根,她不用擔心自己的安全,因為。由第
四篇日記中“LuckilyIaminCopenhagen,Denmark,andIamtoldthatitisoneofthesafest
placesintheworld.Thereisverylittlecrime(犯罪)here.”可知選A。
5.C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為:我們可以從這篇文章得知。結合四篇日記中的內容我
們可知艾瑪?shù)臍W洲之旅是愉快的并且很特別,故選C。其他兩項文中沒有提及。
Passaged【主旨大意】本文是一篇應用文。托尼通過給父母寫信,介紹了他在澳洲旅行期間
的所見所聞及所想。
I.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為:根據(jù)第一段,哪項是不正確的?由第一段第二句中
“…Uluru—that'stheaboriginal(土著)nameforAyersRock.”可知A正確;由第一段第三句中
”...andIwassurprisedathowbigitwas:3.6kilometerslongand384metershigh.”可知B正確;
由第一段第四句"Thecolorsoftherockarefantastic,andatdifferenttimesoftheday,they
changefrompurpletored."可知C錯誤;由第一段最后一句"UluruisacenterofAboriginal
culture.”可知D正確。故選Co
2.A【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為:托尼可能是一個。由第二段第一、二句"TheAustralians
havemanyBritishrelatives.That*swhytheyYelikeusinmanyways.”可推知:他是英國人、故
選Ao
3.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為:在澳大利亞是最受歡迎的運動。由第二段倒數(shù)第二
句“Theyloveallsports,butfootballisth
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