2019年中考英語閱讀理解真題專項訓練

2019年中考英語閱讀理解真題匯編

（帶詳細解析過程）

（名師精講解題方法與技巧+實戰(zhàn)訓練，建議下載練習）

【考點分析】

閱讀理解旨在考查學生閱讀、理解的能力。近幾年來，中考英語題中的閱讀

理解材料新穎，題材豐富，考查學生綜合推斷能力、根據(jù)語篇猜單詞意思的能力

的力度加大，考查學生關注細節(jié)的能力占很大部分。所以學生往往要么沒能正確

理解語篇中某些句子的意思，在細節(jié)題上丟分，要么就是對語篇的整體把握不夠，

在綜合題或者推斷題方面丟分。那么到底怎么做好閱讀理解這一題型呢？

一、解題思路

（一）先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有

的放矢。

（二）快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關的信息，如果時間緊，至

少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標題和文章內容結合起來想一想，這樣全文大

意便清楚了。此時，不要忙于答題。

（三）細讀原文，捕捉相關信息詞，掌握短文細節(jié)內容。這是解題的關鍵，應特

別注意以下幾點：

1.抓住四個"W"和一個"H",就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記，把What（事件），When

（時間），Where（地點），Why（原因），How（經過）劃出來。抓住了四個“W”

和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。

2.抓住連接詞及起關鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因

果，讓步，遞進，轉折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。

這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏

輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3.注意領會文章的寓意。

4.根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細審題，領會測試要求，確定解題方法。

對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而浪費

時間：有些略難的題，應再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排

除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種：

①直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。

②歸納解題法。對于不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索

的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。

③綜合推理法。讀者需統(tǒng)觀全文，認真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最后歸納出

正確答案。

題干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,

accordingto”等字眼時，屬于推斷概括型，考查內容著眼于全篇，考生應具備一定

的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。

④捕捉關鍵詞。在閱讀時應該注意與問題相關的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或

同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。

⑤轉換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉換

一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。

⑥排除法。根據(jù)語言，句法結構，信息詞和常識，在沒有把握的選項中用排

除法得出正確答案。

四、重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時間允許，再將

原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內在聯(lián)系和邏輯關系，目

的在于對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。

真題實戰(zhàn)訓練

專項訓練七節(jié)假日活動

時間：8?10分鐘/篇分值：2分/小題

Passage1（2018福州）

InBritain,BoxingDayisusuallycelebratedonDecember26th,whichisthefollowingday

afterChristmasDay.However,strictlyspeaking,BoxingDayisthefirstweekdayafterChristmas.

LJkeChristmasDay,BoxingDayisapublicholiday.Thismeansit*sanon-workingdayinthe

wholeofBritain.WhenBoxingDayfallsonaSaturdayorSunday,thefollowingMondayisthe

publicholiday.

Theexactorigin（起源）oftheholidayisunclear.OneofthethoughtsisthatduringtheMiddle

Ages,whengreatsailingshipsweresettingofftodiscovernewland,aChristmasBoxwasplaced

byapriest（神父）oneachship.Thosesailorswhowantedtoensureasafereturnwoulddrop

moneyintothebox.Itwassnoled_upandkeptonboarduntiltheshipcamehomesafely.Thenthe

boxwashandedovertothepriestintheexchangeforthesayingofaMassofthanksforthesuccess

ofthesailing.Thepriestwouldn'topenittosharethecontentswiththepooruntilChristmas.

Onemorethoughtisaboutthe“AlmsBox“placedineverychurchonChristmasDay.

Worshippers（做禮拜的人）putgiftsforthepoorintoit.Theseboxeswerealwaysopenedtheday

afterChristmas,thatiswhythatdaybecameknownasBoxingDay.

Today,manybusinesses,organizationsandfamiliestrytokeepthetraditionalspiritofBoxing

Dayalivebydonating（捐贈）theirtime,servicesandmoneytoaidFoodBanks,providinggiftsfor

thepoor,orhelpingfamiliesinneed.Besides,spendingtimewithfamilyandshoppingare

popularBoxingDayactivitiesnow.

（）1.IfChristmasDayisonaSaturday,BoxingDaywillbecelebratedon.

A.December25,hB.December26Ih

C.December27thD.December28th

()2.SailorsdroppedmoneyintotheChristmasBoxinorderto.

A.savethepoorB.payforthepriest

C.discovernewlandD.prayforsailingsafety

()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"sealedup"mean?

A.密封B.懸掛C.歸還D.傳遞

()4.ThefollowingactivitiescanshowthetraditionalspiritofBoxingDayEXCEPT

A.offeringgiftstothepoor

B.supportingfamiliesinneed

C.spendingtimewithfamily

D.givingmoneytoaidFoodBanks

()5.Thepurposeofthepassageis.

A.topraisethekindnessofpriests

B.tointroducetheoriginsofBoxingDay

C.tocallonpeopletohelpthepoor

D.tocompareBoxingDaywithChristmasDay

Passage2(2018泰州)

Interestingfestivalsintheworld

Throwingtomatoes—Spain(西班牙)

Spaintakes"tomatoesfights“toawholenewlevel.Butthetomatoesare

beingthrown,noteaten.ThefestivaltakesplaceduringthelastWednesday

inAugust.Trucks(卡車)carrytomatoesintothesquare.Peoplerushtothe

tomatoesandthrowthemintothecrowd.

Rollingcheese—England

ThisfestivaliscelebratedonthelastMondayinMay.Ittakesplaceon

CoopefsHill.Alargewheelofcheese(奶酪)isrolleddownCooper'sHill.

Thefestivalisactuallyaracewherepeoplerundownthehillafterthe

rollingcheese.Thefirstpersontocrossthefinishlineatthebottomofthe

hillwinsthecheese.

Burningman—TheUnitedStates

TheBurningManFestivallastsaweek,itisfromtheMondaybeforeLabor

DaytoLaborDay(whichfallsonthefirstMondayinSeptemberin

America).ThefestivaltakesplaceintheBlackRockDesert.Thebestpart

ofthefestivalistheburningofalargesculptureofaman.

Pouringwater-Thailand

TheSongkranFestivalisthecelebrationoftheNewYearinThailand.

Ratherthanasingleday,ThailandcelebratestheNewYearfromApril13th

toApril15th.Thaipeoplerunaftereachother,pouringwater.Songkranis

oneofthemostimportantreasonswhyforeignerstraveltothebeautiful

land.

)1.Howmanyfestivalsarementionedinthepassage?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

()2.WherewillyouprobablygotoenjoyoneofthefestivalsaboveinMay?

A.Spain.B.England.

C.TheUnitedStates.D.Thailand.

()3.WhichfestivalisheldinBlackRockDesert?

A.Throwingtomatoes.B.Rollingcheese.

C.Burningman.D.Pouringwater.

()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thetomatoesarethrownintothecrowdtoeat.

B.Notallthefestivalsabovefallonthesingleday.

C.Burningalargerealmanisthebestpartofthefestival.

D.Songkranistheonlyreasonforattractinglotsoftourists.

()5.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.

A.atourguideB.asciencereport

C.astorybookD.afashionmagazine

Passage3(2018山西)

EmmahasjustfinishedtravellingaloneinEurope.Areyouinterestedinherjourney?Let*s

readsomeofhertraveldiaries.

()1.Emmawaslookingforwardtothistravelbecause.

A.shehadnevertakenatrainridebefore

B.shecoulddoanythingshelikedonthejourney

C.shehopedtokeepherselfawayfromthebusylife

()2.Fromthepassage,wecanknowSalzburgisagreatplacefor.

A.enjoyingclassicalmusic

B.buyingchildren'sbooks

C.visitinghistorymuseums

()3.InAmsterdam,she.

A.climbedthebeautifulmountains

B.travelledalongtheriverinaboat

C.wrotesomepostcardsinherhotel

()4.Shedidn'tneedtoworryabouthersafetyinCopenhagenbecause

A.therewasverylittlecrimethere

B.thecitywasfulloffriendlypeople

C.shethoughtshewascarefulenough

()5.Wecanknowthatfromthepassage.

A.Emmahaslittleinterestinart

B.Emmaisabravebutcarelessgirl

C.Emma'stravelswereenjoyableandspecial

Passage4(2018孝感)

Dearmumanddad，

FmwritingthislettertoyoufromthecenterofAustralia.Atthemomentwe*restayingnear

Uluru-that*stheaboriginal(土著)nameforAyersRock.Onthefirstday,wetookaballoontour

overtherock,andIwassuiprisedathowbigitwas:3.6kilometerslongand384metershigh.The

colorsoftherockarefantastic,andatdifferenttimesoftheday,theychangefrompurpletored.

TheAboriginesarethefirstpeopleofAustralia,andtheancientaboriginalstoriesdescribethe

spiritsthatcreatedtheworld.UluruisacenterofAboriginalculture.

TheAustralianshavemanyBritishrelatives.Thafswhythey'relikeusinmanyways.Their

familylifeissimilartoours,andtheyenjoythesamefoodandhobbies.Thefoodanddrinkthat

mostAustralianslikearegrapes,lamb,hamandespeciallywinethattheymakeinthesouthofthe

country.Theyloveallsports,butfootballisthemostpopular.MostAustralianslivenearthecoast,

sotheyalsolovegoingtothebeach,swimmingandsurfing.

Althoughit*sDecember,it'ssummeroverhere.Thesunshineisverybright,andnearthecoast

thecountrysideisverygreen.Therearelotsofsheepinthefieldsandonthehills,butthe

outback(澳洲內陸)ismorelikeadesert,fullofrocksandsand.

ThenextdayafterwearnvedatUluru,wewentonacamel(駱駝)ride.ThecamelthatIrode

hadabadtemper.WhenIsatonitsback,itbecameveryangryandrefusedme.Soeveryoneelse

thoughtitwasveryfunnythatmycamelkeptlyingdown...

Finally,laterthisevening,we'retakingtheplanebacktoSydneyandcominghome,it'sbeena

fantastictrip!

Tony

()1.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraphOne?

A.UluruisthenameforAyersRock.

B.TheheightofUluruis384meters.

C.TherockofUlurudoesn*tchangecolors.

D.UluruisthecenterofAboriginalculture.

()2.Tonymaybea(n)?

A.BritishB.AustralianC.AmericanD.Chinese

)3.isthemostpopularsportinAustralia.

B.

()4.Theunderlinedword"temper“means""in

Chinese.

A.脾氣B.記憶C.命令D.信心

()5.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.ABalloonTour

B.AnAboriginalLetter

C.AFantasticTrip

D.ASummerEvening

Passage5(20184匕京)

TheBlogofRosie

TheWeekend

ByRosie\June6,2018

Hi!FmonvacationhereinLondon...andifs

fantastic!OnSaturdayIwasintheBritish

Museumforthreehours.OnSundayIvisited

TowerBridge.Wherewereyouoverthe

weekend?Tellmeyournews!

DISCUSSION

0

Sophia-9：30

Gladyou'rehavingagreatvacation.Iwasin

theSummerPalaceinBeijingonSaturday.1

wasthereforaflowershow.Itwasamazing!

Andtherewerelotsofpeople.ButonSundayit

wasrainyandIwasn'tve)ywell.Istayedinbed

forawholeday.

%?Reply?Share

Steve-10：10

ItwascloudythewholeweekendinParis.On

SaturdayIwasatafootballgamewithmy

classmates.Itwasexciting!OnSundayIwasat

theshopswithAnnfarfourhours.

?Reply?Share

Jack-11：00

Iwasn'tathomeovertheweekend.OnSaturday

IwasinScotlandfaratrip.Itwasalovely,

warmdayand1hadapicnicwithfriends.Itwas

great!Sundaywasboring.Ittookmefivehours

togetbackhome.Itwasalongjourney.

?Reply?Share

?

Kate11：20

OnSaturdayIwasatHeathrowAirport.Imeta

friendthereandwetalkedtogetherfortwo

hours.Iwasveryhappy.OnSundayIwasin

Sydneyforaconcert.ItiswinterinAustralia,

anditwaswindyandcold!

?Reply?Share

()1.OnSaturdaySophiawas.

A.intheSummerPalaceB.intheBritishMuseum

C.atTowerBridgeD.atHeathrowAirport

()2.WhatwastheweatherlikewhenStevewasinParis?

A.Rainy.B.Warm.C.Cloudy.D.Cold.

()3.HowlongdidittakeJacktogetbackhome?

A.Twohours.B.Threehours.C.Fourhours.D.Fivehours.

()4.KatewasinSydneyfor.

A.apicnicB.aconcert

C.afootballgameD.aflowershow

Passage6(2018新疆建設兵團)

Thesummervacationisatimetoenjoyachangefromtheschoolyear.It'sagoodchanceto

workondifferentactivitiesthatyoudon'thavemuchtimetododuringtherestoftheyear.

Weaskedabout2，000peoplewhattheywoulddoduringthesummervacation.Mostofthe

survey-takersagreedthatthesummervacationwasabreakfromhomeworkandtheycouldrelax.

Alexissaid,“Atschool,I'mreallytired,soduringthesummervacationIcanreadbooksand

domanyoutdooractivities.”

Amyisinhighschool.Afterschool,shesometimesworksinacafe.Shetoldus,"It'sa

chancetorelaxafterahardschoolyear-sleepmore,andseemyfriendsmore.^^

Wealsoaskedthemiftheywouldbetoobusyorkindofbored.Abouthalf(52%)ofthe

survey-takerssaidtheywouldbebusyduringthesummervacationbutstillhavetimetorelax.And

thatisexactlyhowitshouldbe.

Butnoteveryonesaidtheirsummervacationwouldbetherightbalance(平衡)betweenbeing

busyandrelaxing.Manythoughtthattheywouldbetoobored.

Howboredorbusypeoplefeelduringthesummervacationdependsonhowoldtheyare.

Survey-takersintheirearlyteensweremorelikely(可能的)tobebored.Amongthem,40%said

theywouldbeboredandonly10%thoughttheywouldbetoobusy.

()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"survey?takers“inParagraph2mean?

A.進行調查的人B.接受調查的人

C.寫調查報告的人D.看調查報告的人

()2.WhatdoesAmywanttododuringthesummervacation?

A.Todoapart-timejob.

B.Todosomeoutdooractivities.

C.Tohelpherparentsdohousework.

D.Tosleepmoreandvisitfriendsmore.

()3.Theunderlinedword"that"inParagraph5refersto.

A.feelingbored

B.beingverybusy

C.spendingallthetimeenjoyingoneself

D.havingtimetorelaxthoughbeingbusy

()4.Howboredorbusypeoplefeelduringthesummervacationdependson.

A.theirageB.theirparents

C.wheretheyliveD.whattheyare

()5.Accordingtothepassage,thosewhotookpartinthesurveyaremostprobably

A.scientistsB.doctorsC.studentsD.teachers

參考答案

Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了節(jié)禮日的起源以及人們在這一天所做的

事情。1.C2.D3.A4.C5.B

Passage2【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文?主要介紹了幾個國家有趣的節(jié)日：西班牙的西紅

柿節(jié)、英國的奶酪節(jié)、美國的火人節(jié)、泰國的潑水節(jié)。

1.D2.B3.C4.B5.A

Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇應用文，以日記的形式記錄了艾瑪獨自一人的歐洲之旅，

包括時間、所到之地及所到之地的特色等。

LB【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：艾瑪期待這次旅行，因為。由第一篇日記中“l(fā)amgoing

toEuropetoseesomecitiesIreallywanttovisit.ItisgreatbecauseIcanchoosewhatIwantto

doineachcity?（可知選B?

2.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：從文中我們知道Salzburg是一個的好地方。由第二篇

日記中“Mozart,thefamousmusician,wasfromhere.Therearemanyclassicalconcertshere.“可

知本地之所以是一個放松的好地方是因為和音樂相關，可以享受古典音樂帶來的寧靜，故選

Ao

3.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在阿姆斯特丹，她。由第三篇日記中“l(fā)ais。tookaboat

ridealongtheriver."可知選B?

4.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在哥本哈根，她不用擔心自己的安全，因為。由第

四篇日記中“LuckilyIaminCopenhagen,Denmark,andIamtoldthatitisoneofthesafest

placesintheworld.Thereisverylittlecrime（犯罪）here.”可知選A。

5.C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：我們可以從這篇文章得知。結合四篇日記中的內容我

們可知艾瑪?shù)臍W洲之旅是愉快的并且很特別，故選C。其他兩項文中沒有提及。

Passaged【主旨大意】本文是一篇應用文。托尼通過給父母寫信，介紹了他在澳洲旅行期間

的所見所聞及所想。

I.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)第一段，哪項是不正確的？由第一段第二句中

“…Uluru—that'stheaboriginal（土著）nameforAyersRock.”可知A正確；由第一段第三句中

”...andIwassurprisedathowbigitwas:3.6kilometerslongand384metershigh.”可知B正確；

由第一段第四句"Thecolorsoftherockarefantastic,andatdifferenttimesoftheday,they

changefrompurpletored."可知C錯誤；由第一段最后一句"UluruisacenterofAboriginal

culture.”可知D正確。故選Co

2.A【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：托尼可能是一個。由第二段第一、二句"TheAustralians

havemanyBritishrelatives.That*swhytheyYelikeusinmanyways.”可推知：他是英國人、故

選Ao

3.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在澳大利亞是最受歡迎的運動。由第二段倒數(shù)第二

句“Theyloveallsports,butfootballisth