Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures+定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞課件【高效備課精析 + 知識(shí)精講提升】高一上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Unit4GrammarJessica目錄關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況關(guān)系副詞定語(yǔ)從句的定義01020304/定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。漢語(yǔ)翻譯中中常用，“......的”表示。定語(yǔ)的位置：前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)前置定語(yǔ)：?jiǎn)卧~：名詞、形容詞、分詞、動(dòng)名詞后置定語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)和從句（定語(yǔ)從句）前置定語(yǔ)：名詞：womanexpert形容詞：agracefulteacher分詞：aswimmingpool、fallenleaves動(dòng)名詞：amovingfilm中文有沒(méi)有后置定語(yǔ)？古文中有后置定語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)幾乎沒(méi)有。居廟堂之高則憂其民，處江湖之遠(yuǎn)則憂其君。英文：英文長(zhǎng)句中后置定語(yǔ)居多。后置定語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)和從句（定語(yǔ)從句）前置：Ilikehoneststudents.定語(yǔ)從句：Ilikethestudentswhoarehonest.定語(yǔ)：6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme．4.Lucy's

fatherisapoor

worker．5.Webelongtothethird

world.3.My

brotherisateacher.2.Theyliveintheroomabove.1.It'sared

car．Thegirl

presentismysister.（形容詞）(副詞）（代詞）（數(shù)詞）（名詞所有格/形容詞）（名詞）定語(yǔ)：11.Thisisthe

book

thatIneed.10.Heisthefirststudenttocometotheschool．9.Goodhabitsformedinyouthmakeallthedifference.

8.Theswimming

boyismybrother.

7.Theman

underthetreeismyteacher．（介詞短語(yǔ)）（現(xiàn)在分詞）（過(guò)去分詞）（不定式）（從句）Sheistheonethat

youneverforget.見(jiàn)過(guò)她你便永遠(yuǎn)不能忘記。Sheistheheaven-sentangelyoumet.見(jiàn)過(guò)她你便知道她是天使。ShemustbethereasonwhyGod

made

a

girl.她就是上帝制造女孩的原因。Shewinseverythingthatshemightdo.只要她愿意它可以得到一切。定語(yǔ)從句：在英語(yǔ)中，我們通常用一個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞，若要表達(dá)更復(fù)雜的意思，為了避免頭重腳輕，則需要借助一個(gè)句子來(lái)修飾名詞。這個(gè)被修飾的名詞/代詞因?yàn)榭傇诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句前面，所以被稱(chēng)為先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞，就被稱(chēng)為關(guān)系詞。定語(yǔ)從句三個(gè)重要概念：1.先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾或限制的對(duì)象。2.關(guān)系詞：連接主從句，在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分（替代先行詞）。3.定語(yǔ)從句。

Everything

that

wesawinthisfilmwastrue.兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：Amanisstandingthere.Themanismybrother.合并：Theman

whoisstandingthereismybrother.先行詞關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中，修飾主句中的名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who,whom,which,that,whose起著代詞和連詞的作用，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)when,where,why起著副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)和連詞的作用，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)Theman(whoisstandingthere)ismybrother.關(guān)系詞的作用：①代替前面的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分②把兩個(gè)句子連接起來(lái)構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合句關(guān)系詞如何改寫(xiě)成定語(yǔ)從句？①找出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的共有成分；②將從句中的共有成分去掉；③用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后．Ilovethegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.Ilovethegirlwhohasalonghair.關(guān)系代詞：先行詞指人：who，whom先行詞指物：which先行詞指人指物均可：that所屬關(guān)系：whose①who：指人，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）Awandererwhoisdeterminedtoreachhisdestinationdoesnotfeartherain.既然選擇了遠(yuǎn)方，便只顧風(fēng)雨兼程?！魢?guó)真分解：Awandererdoesnotfeartherain.Awandererisdeterminedtoreachhisdestination.who

指代awanderer，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。Amanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay“impossible”.——Napoleon分解：Amanwillneversay“impossible”.Amanhasmadeuphismindtowin.who

指代theman，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)AmanwhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.IamsurroundedbythestudentswhoIlike.我身邊都是我喜歡的學(xué)生。分解：IamsurroundedbythestudentsIlikethestudents.who指代thestudents，在從句當(dāng)中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。②whom：指人，作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略，如介詞提前則不能省)HeisthemanwhomIsawyesterday.他是我昨天見(jiàn)過(guò)的那個(gè)人。whom指代theman，在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。(1)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.(2)ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.③which：指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。(1)ThisisacarwhichismadeinChina.(作____)(2)Ilovethebookwhichhasbeautifulpictures.(作____)(3)Iamalwaysdoingthethings(which)Icannotdo,inorderthatImaylearnhowtodoit.(作____)我總是在做我不能做的事，為的是從中學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)怎樣去做。——畢加索(4)Everyoneisamoon,andhasadarkside(which)henevershowstoanybody.

(作____)每個(gè)人都是月亮，總有一個(gè)陰暗面從不讓人看見(jiàn)。④that指人或物

在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。(1)Ilovethemanthat

cansmileintroubleandthat

cangatherstrengthfrompain,andgrowbravebythought.(作____)指人時(shí)可以用who，whom代替。(2)YesterdayIreadanarticlethat

wasaboutnaturaldisasters.(作____)指物時(shí)可以用which代替。⑤whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，與后面的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose既可指人，也可指物。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(3)Doyoulikethebook

whosecoverisyellow?1.Shewasalwaystalkingintheclass,_____madeotherstudentsunhappy.2.Myuncle,______Ihaven’tseenforalongtime,wenttoGuangzhou.3.Ilikethehouse,____windowsfacethesea.4.Isawmyfriend,_______wasreading.

which

whomExercise1Finishthefollowingexercises.whose

who1.Thebrush__________hehastakenawayismine.2.Theman____________yousawintheparkisourchemistryteacher.3.Thepopularsingersangmanysongs,______wealllike.(that/which)

(that/who/whom)

which

Translation（漢譯英）1.他有一個(gè)姐姐，她是一個(gè)老師。2.湯姆贏了這游戲，這讓我們感到很驚訝。3.湯姆上學(xué)遲到了

，這使得老師很生氣。4.這是我上周買(mǎi)的新車(chē)。1.他有一個(gè)姐姐，她是一個(gè)老師。?2.湯姆贏了這游戲，這讓我們感到很驚訝。Hehasasister,who

isateacher.Tomwonthegame,which

madeussurprised.(=whichsurprisedus)3.湯姆上學(xué)遲到了，這使得老師很生氣。4.這是我上周買(mǎi)的新車(chē)。

Tomwaslateforschool,whichmadeteacherangry.Thisisthenewcarwhich/thatIboughtlastweek.指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省不可省Note1：關(guān)系詞只能用that而不能用which的情況：先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代詞時(shí),只用that。Iamsureshehassomething

youcanborrow.that關(guān)系詞只能用that而不能用which的情況：(2)先行詞指物被all,every,no,some,any,little,fewmuch等修飾時(shí)，只用that。I’vereadallthebooks

arenotmine.thatThisisthe

firstbook

hehasread.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只用that。thatThisisthe

verybook

belongstohim.(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just,last修飾時(shí)，只用that。that(5)當(dāng)主句為以who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句,只用that。(6)先行詞同時(shí)包含了人和物時(shí)。Whoistheman

isstandingthere?Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

wecouldremember.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those

等,指人時(shí)一般用who,不用that。

Those

wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.

whoNote2：關(guān)系詞不用that的情況：(2)

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指人用who和whom，指物只能用which，不能用thatFootball,

isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.whichHeisthestudent

youwanttosee.I’mlookingforacontainerin

Icanputallthesepeaches.關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面只能用whom/which而且不可省略。who,whom,that,省略whichNote3：省略問(wèn)題Thisisoneofthebookswhich

(be)writtenbyCharlesDickens.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswho

(have)learnedFrench.HesaidhewasaFrenchman,which

(be)nottrue.oneofthen（s）后面的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)theonlyoneofthen（s）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)拓展：定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致werehaswas指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省不可省Summary關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面只能用whom/which而且不可省略。關(guān)系代詞用法

1.先行詞為all，

everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much等不定代詞2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾3.先行詞既有人又有物4.先行詞被theonly，thevery，thelast，just，right等修飾5.開(kāi)頭是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句1.先行詞是one，ones，anybody，anyone，all，none，those等，指人一般用who，不用that只用that的情況不用that的情況2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指人用who和whom，指物只能用which，不能用thatExercise1.Doyoustillremembertheearthquake

___________happenedtenyearsago?2.Itisagoodchoicefortourists________

prefervisitingplacesofhistoricalinterest.3.Thisisthepilotwith______mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.4.Couldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisgreen?5.Jacksonlikesthebike__________hisunclegavehimasabirthdaygift.that/whichthat/whowhomwhosethat/which6.Theschoolin________mysisteroncestudiedisveryfamous.7.ProfessorYangisapersonfrom______Ihavelearnedalot.8.Theboy______parentsareteachersismyclassmate.9.Lucycalledherbrother______________shehadn'tseenforfiveyears.10.Itisthemostinterestingstory______Ihaveeverheard.whichwhomwhosethat/whom/whothat小試牛刀1)Anything____canburnisasourceofheatenergy.2)Thisistheverybook______I’mlookingfor.3)Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.4)Whichisthebook_______youlost?5)Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.6)Pleasegetreadyforeverything_____weneed.7)Thisisthewatch___________Ilostyesterday.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat/which①Doyouknowtheman____________istalkingwithyourmother?②Thisistheperson____________youshouldthankforhelpingyourson.③Thegirl____________graduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda.④Ilikethosebooks____________to