2022-2023學年安徽省A10聯盟高二（下）期中英語試卷

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學年安徽省A10聯盟高二（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）ADorsetPrize

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Acashprizeof﹩8，500，publicationbyTupeloPress，and20authorcopiesaregivenannuallyforastorycollection.ThewinneralsoreceivestheoptionofeitheraweeklongresidencyattheMassachusettsMuseumofContemporaryArtinMassachusetts，oratwo-weekresidencyatGentleHouseinWashington，bothvaluedat﹩1，500.Submitanentryof48to88pageswitha﹩30entryfeebyJune30.

ShortStoryAwardforNewWriters

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Acashprizeof﹩3，000andonlinepublicationinMastersReviewaregiventwiceyearlyforashortstorybyanewwriter.Writerswhohavenotpublishedabookareeligible（符合條件的）.Thewinningstorywillbereviewedbyaselectgroupofliteraryagents，includingBentAgencyandWritersHouse.Usingonlytheonlinesubmissionsystem，submitastoryofupto6，000wordswitha﹩20entryfeebyAugust31.

NewMillenniumWritingAwards

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Fourcashprizesof﹩1，000eachandpublicationinNewMillenniumWritingsaregiventwiceyearlyforasinglepoem，ashortstory，afictionandacreativenonfiction.Previouslyunpublishedworksorworksthathavebeenpublishedonlyonlineareeligible.Submituptothreepoemstotalingnomorethanfivepages，afictionoracreativenonfictionofupto7，000wordswitha﹩20entryfeebyJuly31.

ShortMemoir（回憶錄）Prize

Website：http：//

Acashprizeof﹩1，035andpublicationintheFishPublishingaregivenannuallyforashortmemoir.ThewinnerisalsoinvitedtogiveareadingattheWestCorkLiteraryFestivalinAugust2024.Submitamemoirofupto4，000wordswitha﹩19entryfeebyJuly31.1.Whichonechargesthehighestentryfee？______A.DorsetPrize.

B.ShortStoryAwardforNewWriters.

C.NewMillenniumWritingAwards.

D.ShortMemoirPrize.2.Whichwebsitewillyouvisitifyousubmityourpoem？______A.http：//.

B.http：//.

C.http：//.

D.http：//.3.Whatdothefourawardshaveincommon？______A.Theyalltakeplaceonceayear.

B.Theyareallintendedfornewwriters.

C.Theyallhaveacashprizeforawardwinners.

D.Theyareallopentoentriesalltheyearround.BA9-year-oldgirlfromMarylandhasmadeanimportantdiscovery：a15million-year-oldmegalodon（巨齒鯊）tooth.

MollySampson，alongwithhersisterNatalie，17，andherdad，BruceSampson，wentouttohunt"treasure"inabaynearCalvertCliffsonChristmasmorning.Ataround10：30，MollysawherChristmasmiracle：a5-inch-longmegalodontooth.HersisterandfatherwentovertoseewhatMollywassoexcitedabout.Brucesaidhewasshockedbyhisdaughter's"once-in-a-lifetimefind.""Thisisthekindoffindeveryfossilhunterdreamsof，"hesaid.Theywereamazedbythediscovery.

"Iwassoexcitedbecauseofthesizeandrarityofthefind，andIkeptthinkingIwasdreaming，"Mollysaid."ItwassomethingIhavealwayswantedtofind，andIcouldn'tbelieveit."Thisisnotthefirsttimeshe'sfoundamegalodontoothduringherfossilhunts—butshe'sneverfoundonethatlarge."Ihavefoundfiveothermegalodonteeth，buttheyareonlyaninchortwoinsize，"shesaid.

"Molly'stoothwouldhavecomefromateenagersharkbetween45-50feetlong.Thelargestmegalodonscouldhavegrowntobe65feetlong.Basedonthetooth，thecreaturewasabout15millionyearsold，"saidDr.StephenGodfrey，afamouspaleontologist（古生物學家）.

Megalodonslivedfromabout25millionyearsagotoabout2.5millionyearsago.Theywereoneofthe—ifnotthelargestmarinepredators（海洋捕食性動物）theworldhaseverknown."Theyshapedtheglobalmarineecosystem，andglobalmarinefood-webs，"saidGodfrey.

MollySampsonhasbeenfossilhuntingwithherdadeversinceshewaslittle."Iwillneverstop!"shesaid."WhenIgrowup，Iwanttocollectfossilsandstudythemlikeapaleontologist."4.WhichaspectofthesharktoothshockedBruce？______A.Itsage. B.Itssize. C.Itsquality. D.Itsowner.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMolly？______A.ShereceivedaChristmasgiftfromhisdad.

B.ShedislikedstayingathomeatChristmas.

C.Shecameacrossateenagershark.

D.Shehasfoundatleast6megalodonteeth.6.WhatcanweinferfromDr.StephenGodfrey'swords？______A.Megalodonsshouldn'tbehunted.

B.Thetoothbelongedtothelargestmegalodon.

C.Thetoothdatesbackto25millionyearsago.

D.Megalodonsonceplayedacriticalroleintheocean.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext？______A.Tointroducemegalodonstoreaders.

B.Toreportalittlegirl'sunusualdiscovery.

C.Toexcitereaders'interestinfossilhunting.

D.Topromotethepublic'sawarenessofanimalprotection.CAnewrecommendationfromtheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics（兒科）saysdoctorsshouldtreatchildhoodobesityactively.

Theproblemofbeingoverweightaffectsover14millionAmericanchildren.Doctorssaycarryingextraweightoftenresultsinlifelonghealthproblems.Childrencandevelophighbloodpressure，diabetesanddepression.

Inthepast，manydoctorsthoughtchildrenwouldgrowoutofbadeatinghabits.Theyusedthemethodof"waitandsee"todecidewhattodo.Butthenewguidelinessayoverweightchildrenshouldreceiveoperationsortakemedicinetoreducetheirweight.Thenewguidelinesrecommendweightlossdrugsforchildrenasyoungas12andoperationsstartingat13.

Semaglutideisthedrugdescribedinthereport.Ithasrecentlyreceivedapprovalasanobesitytreatmentforchildren12andolder.ItisreportedthatteenagershaveusedthedrugandreducedtheirBMIbyabout16%.

IhuomaEneli，oneofthewritersofthenewguidelines，disagreeswiththeoldguidelines.Shesaid，"Waitingdoesn'twork."Shesaiddoctorsusuallysee"acontinuationofweightgainandthepossibilitythatchildrenwillhaveobesityinadulthood."Enelisaidthedrugsoroperationsshouldgoalongwithlifechanges，whichmeanschildrenneedhelpchoosingbetterfoodsandfindingwaystoexercisemore.

Dr.ClaudiaFox，aweightmanagementdoctorattheUniversityofMinnesota，saidsemaglutidehelpsherpatientshavea"possibilityofevenhavinganalmostnormalBMI."JustinRyder，aChicagodoctor，saidthedrughelpspatientsfeelmorefullthantheywouldbewithoutit."Inaddition，"hesaid，"workingoutisnecessary."

Dr.StephanieByrne，adoctorinLosAngeles，saidshestillwantstoseemoreresearchonhowsemaglutideaffectsmanydifferentchildren.However，shesaid，sheisgladpediatriciansarestartingtothinkdifferentlyaboutobesity."Idefinitelythinkthatdietandexercisewon'tdoitforanumberofteenswhoarestrugglingwiththis，"shesaid.8.Whatdoesthemethodof"waitandsee"referto？______A.Patientshavetowaitfornewdrugs.

B.Patientsshouldreceiveoperations.

C.Doctorswaitfornewresearch.

D.Doctorsdon'ttakeanymeasures.9.WhatdoIhuomaEneliandDr.ClaudiaFoxthinkoftakingsemaglutide？______A.Itcanavoidbeingoverweight.

B.It'sbetterthanoperatingonpatients.

C.Itshouldbecombinedwithexercising.

D.Itisthebestoptionforoverweightchildren.10.WhatisDr.StephanieByrme'sattitudetowardssemaglutide？______A.Supportive. B.Unfavorable. C.Cautious. D.Unconcerned.11.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthetext？______A.USstartingtotakeactiontodealwithchildrenobesity

B.USdoctorsofferingnewguidelinesonchildrenobesity

C.NewwaysfoundtodealwithchildrenobesityintheUS

D.AmericanchildrenfacedwiththeseriousproblemofobesityDDesignersareincreasinglyusingdifferentkindsofmaterialstoproduceproductsthatdonotharmtheenvironment.Reusedplasticbottles，wood，plantfiber，andevenseaweedarebeingusedinplaceoftraditionalmaterialsforhouseholdgoodsandclothing.

NinaEdwardsAnker'selectroniclightslooklikeancientpiecesofpaperplacedaroundLEDs.Butacloserlookshowsthattheyaremadeofalgae（海藻）.AnkercameupwiththeideawhileworkingonadoctoralresearchprojectattheOsloSchoolofArchitectureandDesign.Shewantstofindwaystomixdesignideaswithproductionandsupplymethodsthatdonotuseupresources.

Heimtextilisaninternationaltradeshowfornewtextiles（紡織品）inFrankfurt，Germany.Thisyear'sshowplacedattentiononmakingnewproductsthatcamefromreusedmaterials.OlafSchmidt，vicepresidentoftextiletechnology，said，"We'llseecompaniesbespeakinghowmaterialslikenylon，plasticandmetalcanbereused—forexample，carpettiles（方塊地磚）thatcanbereusedattheendoftheirlifeasmaterialsfornewtiles."

FashionindustryexpertVeronikaLipardescribedthefield'smostimportantchange—amovetosustainability（持續(xù)性）.Shesaid，"Theindustryistryingtoreduce'effect'ontheenvironmentandnolongerbethebiggestpolluter."

Patagonia，NorthFaceandTimberlandareamongthecompaniesnowusingnaturalmaterialstoproducegoods.ItaliancompanyFrumathasdevelopedaplant-basedleathermadefromthewastecreatedbyapplejuicemakers.TwoMexicandevelopers，AdrianLopezVelardeandMarteCazarez，havecreatedaleatherusingcactus（仙人掌）leaves.Cactusesinterestnewmaterialdevelopersbecausetheycanliveinhotclimatesandpoorsoil.Meanwhile，PinatexhelpssupportfarmsinthePhilippinesbyusingwastefromthepineappleharvesttocreatematerialthatissoldtomakersofshoes，clothingandotherproducts.12.WhyareNinaEdwardsAnker'selectroniclightsmadeofalgae？______A.Tosaveresources.

B.Tocutdownthecosts.

C.Toimprovethelights'quality.

D.Toproducemoreelectroniclights.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bespeaking"inParagraph3probablymean？______A.Responding. B.Predicting. C.Refusing. D.Displaying.14.WhatdoVeronikaLipar'swordssuggest？______A.Fashionindustryisnotsatisfyingpeople'sdemands.

B.Fashionindustrydoesgreatharmtotheenvironment.

C.Fashionindustryuseslotsofenvironment-friendlymaterials.

D.Fashionindustryhasbeendevelopingtoofastovertheyears.15.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthetext？______A.Bymakingcomparisons.

B.Byprovidingexamples.

C.Bylistingdataandanalyzingthem.

D.Byaskingquestionsandansweringthem.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Whatexactlyisacomputer？That'snotalwaysaneasyquestiontoanswer.Webster'sCollegiateDictionarydefinesacomputeras"aprogrammableusuallyelectronicdevicethatcanstore，retrieve（檢索），andprocessdata".（1）______

Forthousandsofyears，peoplehavetriedtoimprovetheirlivesbyinventingmachinestomakecertaintaskseasier.Somepeoplebelieveasimplemechanicaldevicecalledan"abacus"wasoneoftheearliestformsofacomputer.（2）______ArchaeologistshavefoundevidencethattheancientGreeksusedtheabacusasearlyasthe5thcenturyB.C.

Moderncomputersweredevelopedmuchmorerecently.Thefirstmodernelectroniccomputer—knownastheElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputerorENIAC—becameoperationalin1946.Weighingmorethan30tons，ENIACtookupasmuchspaceas1，800squarefeet.（3）______WhileENIACcouldperform5，000additionproblemspersecond，manyoftoday'slaptopcomputersweighjustafewpoundsandcanperformseveralbillionoperationspersecond.

（4）______Largedesktopcomputersgavewaytolaptops.Laptopshavedevelopedintoawidevarietyofevensmallercomputingdevices，suchasnetbooksandtabletcomputers.Manypeopleevencarrycomputerswiththemeverywheretheygo.Smartphones—cellulartelephoneswithadvancedcomputingcapabilities—fiteasilyintoapocketandallowtheiruserstomaketelephonecalls，surftheInternet，andconductbusinessonthego.

Sowhat'sthesmallestcomputeravailabletoday？Asof2015，thesmallestcomputerisjustonecubicmillimeter.However，today'scomputermanufacturersareconstantlyproducingnewerandsmallermodelsataratetoofasttokeepupwith.（5）______

A.Today，werelyoncomputersforallsortsofthings.

B.Today'scomputerskeepgettingsmallerandsmaller.

C.Ancientpeopleusedthedevicetoperformsimplecalculations（計算）.

D.Sincethen，computershavebecomemuchsmallerandmuchmorepowerful.

E.Othersthinkacomputerisanythingthattransformsinformationinameaningfulway.

F.Modernlaptopsareslowcomparedtomodernsupercomputers.

G.Whateverissmallesttodaywillprobablybereplacedwithsomethingevensmallertomorrow!16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Aheartwarmingvideoisnowexcitingmanysocialmediausers'attention.Itinvolvesa（1）______，amotherandherson，andasimpleactofkindness.

BryanneMcBrideandhersonMasonwereoutshoppingonSaturdayafternoon，preparingfortheEaglesgame，whentheygotthe（2）______ofalifetime.

Intheparkinglottheywere（3）______byZacheryDereniowski，whoisknownfor（4）______peoplefortheiractsofkindness.

"Doyouhaveadollar（5）______？I'mjusttryingtotakethebus，"Dereniowskicanbeheard（6）______toBryanneandhersoninthevideo.Bryanne（7）______herpurseandthenrantohercartogetsome（8）______.Whenshereturned，Dereniowskiaskswhyshe（9）______tohelp."Ihatesaying（10）______topeople，especiallywhenIcanhelp，"repliedBryanne.

Andthat'swhenDereniowskireturnedthemoneyandofferedupsomething（11）______inreturn—﹩500andtwoticketstotheEaglesgame.

Themotherandhersonwereincomplete（12）______."Theaverageticketpriceforthegamelastweekendwasaround﹩700.Faroverourbudget.Sowehad（13）______towatchthegamefromhome.Hesaiditwaslikehefelloutofthesky，"recalledBryanne.

ForMason，he'sstill（14）______abouttheexperience.TheboyhasbeenacrazyfanoftheEagles.Hisfavoritepart，ofcourse，was（15）______theplayers.21.

A.father B.stranger C.player D.singer22.

A.comedy B.friendship C.gratitude D.surprise23.

A.approached B.attracted C.rescued D.annoyed24.

A.promoting B.forgiving C.rewarding D.challenging25.

A.bychance B.inreturn C.asusual D.incase26.

A.announcing B.responding C.saying D.complaining27.

A.putaway B.lookedthrough C.handedover D.leftaside28.

A.fuel B.drink C.paper D.change29.

A.hesitated B.decided C.demanded D.pretended30.

A.hi B.no C.okay D.bye31.

A.strange B.essential C.ordinary D.huge32.

A.shock B.comfort C.panic D.embarrassment33.

A.managed B.refused C.intended D.claimed34.

A.nervous B.speechless C.enthusiastic D.sensible35.

A.beating B.selecting C.inspiring D.meeting四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

AwildliferesearchledbyDr.SeanMaxwell，（1）______professorfromUniversityofQueensland，throwslightonhowvariousspecieshaverespondedtomajorclimateevents.

"Wehavespentmorethan70years（2）______（measure）theresponsesofvariousspecies，"saidDr.Maxwell."Thegrowing（3）______（frequent）ofextremeweathereventssuchashurricanes，droughtsandfloodsiscausingunpredictableandimmediatechanges（4）______ecosystems.Hurricanesarethemostcommonextremeeventforbirdsandfish，whilemammals（哺乳動物）respondmosttodroughtevents."

UQCentreforBiodiversityandConservationSciencedirectorProfessorJamesWatsonsaidthe（5）______（detail）informationwouldhelpinformecosystemmanagement.

"Theresearchclearlyshowsspecieswillrespond，often（6）______（negative），toextremeevents，"ProfessorWatsonsaid."Inthepastfewdecades，we（7）______（see）morethan100casesofsharppopulationdeclinesand31casesoflocalpopulationextinctionfollowinganextremeevent.Asextremeclimateandweatherevents（8）______（be）nowmoreandmorecommon，weneedtoacttoensurespecieshavethebest（9）______（survive）.Whereverpossible，highqualityandcompletehabitatareasshouldbeprotected，asthesearetheplaces（10）______speciesaremostresilient（易恢復的）toincreasingexposuretoextremeevents."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假定你是校學生會主席李華，你校將于下周五舉辦英語講故事比賽，故事主題是中國傳統文化。請你用英語給外教Ms.Hopkins寫一封信，要點如下：

（1）介紹比賽概況；

（2）邀請Ms.Hopkins擔任評委。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數應為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。38.JosibelkAponteconsidersherselflucky.Fewpeoplegettomeettheirguardianangels（守護天使）.

ApontehasaspecialplaceinherheartforretiredHartfordpoliceofficerPeterGetz，whostoodwithherasifshewerehisownchild，asshegraduatedfromEasternConnecticutStateUniversityonTuesday.

"Thereareonlyafewmomentsthataresoimportantinlife，"Apontesaid."Iwantedtosharemygraduationwitheveryonewho'simportanttome，whohasbeenthereforme，andwhohelpedmethroughtoughtimes."

Getzcertainlyfitsthatdescription：HesavedAponteonJune25，2004，adaythe23-year-olddescribesasthe"bestandworstday"ofherlife.

"Ialmostdied，butIwasgivenasecondchanceatlife，"shesaid."AnditwasbecauseofPeterandallthekindpeoplewhocametohelpthatday.Theyweremyheroes."

AfireintheApontefamily'sapartmentbrokeoutasJosibelk，then5yearsold，washomewithheruncleJofrey.Shetried，invain，towakeupJofrey.Then，darkness.Meanwhile，Getz，apoliceman，gotthereintimetoseeafirefighterpullasmallgirlfromthebuilding.Inhisrushtogetbackinsidetoputouttheflames，thefirefighterthrewAponteintoGetz'sarms.

Doctorshadn'tarrivedyet.Apontehadnearlystoppedbreathing.GetzcarriedoutCPR（心肺復蘇術）inthepolicecarashispartnerspedtowardHartfordHospital.BythetimeGetzpassedherofftothehospitalstaffoftheemergencyroom，Apontewasbreathingonherown.

Apontewokeuphourslater，surroundedbyherfamily.Getzwenttoseeherseveraltimesbeforethegirlfullyrecovered.ApontesaidshestillhastheteddybearthatGetzgaveherduringherhospitalstay.

Astimepassed，theylosttouchwitheachotherasAponte'sfamilymovedtoVernon.

注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數應為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Abouttwoyearsago，ApontetriedtocontactGetzthroughsocialmedia.

Atthegraduationceremony，manypeoplecametoGetzandspokehighlyofhisbravery.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、C【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。由本文Dorset

Prize部分中的關鍵句Submit

an

entry

of

48

to

88

pages

with

a

﹩30

entry

fee

by

June

30.（6月30日前提交48至88頁的參賽作品，報名費為30美元。）Short

Story

Award

for

New

Writers部分中的關鍵句Using

only

the

online

submission

system，submit

a

story

of

up

to

6，000

words

with

a

﹩20

entry

fee

by

August

31.（僅使用在線投稿系統，在8月31日之前提交一篇6000字以內的故事，并支付20美元的報名費。）New

Millennium

Writing

Awards部分中的關鍵句Submit

up

to

three

poems

totaling

no

more

than

five

pages，a

fiction

or

a

creative

nonfiction

of

up

to

7，000

words

with

a

﹩20

entry

fee

by

July

31.（7月31日前提交三首不超過五頁的詩歌，一篇不超過7000字的小說或創(chuàng)造性非小說作品，報名費為20美元。）以及最后一部分Submit

a

memoir

of

up

to

4，000

words

with

a

﹩19

entry

fee

by

July

31.（7月31日前提交一篇不超過4000字的回憶錄，報名費為19美元。）推斷出Dorset

Prize收費最高。故選A。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。由本文New

Millennium

Writing

Awards部分中的關鍵句Four

cash

prizes

of

﹩1，000

each

and

publication

in

New

Millennium

Writings

are

given

twice

yearly

for

a

single

poem，a

short

story，a

fiction

and

a

creative

nonfiction.（每首詩、一篇短篇小說、一篇小說和一篇創(chuàng)造性非虛構作品每年頒發(fā)兩次獎金，每位獎金1000美元，并在《新千年寫作》雜志上發(fā)表。）可知這個獎項有詩歌類，其他是故事和回憶錄類。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。由本文Dorset

Prize部分中的The

winner

also

receives

the

option

of

either

a

weeklong

residency

at

the

Massachusetts

Museum

of

Contemporary

Art

in

Massachusetts，or

a

two-week

residency

at

Gentle

House

in

Washington，both

valued

at

﹩1，500.（獲勝者還可以選擇在馬薩諸塞州的馬薩諸塞州當代藝術博物館進行為期一周的駐留，或者在華盛頓的Gentle

House進行為期兩周的駐留，兩者都價值1500美元。）Short

Story

Award

for

New

Writers部分中的A

cash

prize

of

﹩3，000

and

online

publication

in

Masters

Review

are

given

twice

yearly

for

a

short

story

by

a

new

writer.（新作家的短篇小說每年兩次獲得3000美元的現金獎勵，并在《大師評論》上發(fā)表在線文章。）New

Millennium

Writing

Awards部分中的Four

cash

prizes

of

﹩1，000

each

and

publication

in

New

Millennium

Writings

are

given

twice

yearly

for

a

single

poem，a

short

story，a

fiction

and

a

creative

nonfiction.（每首詩、一篇短篇小說、一篇小說和一篇創(chuàng)造性非虛構作品每年頒發(fā)兩次獎金，每位獎金1000美元，并在《新千年寫作》雜志上發(fā)表。）以及Short

Memoir

（回憶錄）

Prize部分中的A

cash

prize

of

﹩1，035

and

publication

in

the

Fish

Publishing

are

given

annually

for

a

short

memoir.（短篇回憶錄每年可獲得1035美元的現金獎勵，并在《魚類出版社》上發(fā)表。）可知，它們都會給獲獎者提供現金獎勵。故選C。

這是一篇應用文。本文介紹了四個文學作品獎項。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；其次細讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。

4~7.【答案】B、D、D、B【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段They

were

amazed

by

the

discovery.（他們對這一發(fā)現感到驚奇）和第三段"I

was

so

excited

because

of

the

size

and

rarity

of

the

find，and

I

kept

thinking

I

was

dreaming，"

Molly

said.

"It

was

something

I

have

always

wanted

to

find，and

I

couldn't

believe

it."（莫莉說："我很興奮，因為這個化石的大小和罕見程度，我一直以為我在做夢。這是我一直想找到的東西，我簡直不敢相信。"）可推知，Bruce對這個鯊魚牙齒的大小感到驚訝。A.Its

age.它的年齡；B.Its

size.它的大小；C.Its

quality.它的質量；D.Its

owner.它的主人。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據第三段中的I

have

found

five

other

megalodon

teeth，but

they

are

only

an

inch

or

two

in

size（我還發(fā)現了另外五顆巨齒鯊的牙齒，但它們只有一兩英寸長）可知，Molly至少發(fā)現了6顆此類牙齒。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段Megalodons

lived

from

about

25

million

years

ago

to

about

2.5

million

years

ago.They

were

one

of

the—if

not

the

largest

marine

predators

（海洋捕食性動物）

the

world

has

ever

known.

"They

shaped

the

global

marine

ecosystem，and

global

marine

food-webs，"

said

Godfrey.（

巨齒鯊生活在大約2500萬年前到250萬年前。它們是世界上已知的最大的海洋掠食者之一。"它們塑造了全球海洋生態(tài)系統和全球海洋食物網，"戈弗雷說）可推斷，巨齒鯊曾經在海洋里起到關鍵作用。故選D。

（4）目的意圖題。根據第一段A

9-year-old

girl

from

Maryland

has

made

an

important

discovery：a

15

million-year-old

megalodon

（巨齒鯊）

tooth.（馬里蘭州一個9歲的小女孩有了一個重要的發(fā)現：一顆1500萬年前的巨齒鯊牙齒）結合文章主要向讀者報道9歲女孩在美國海灘上發(fā)現了13厘米長的巨齒鯊牙齒化石這則新聞。故可推知文章的目的是報道一個小女孩不尋常的發(fā)現。A.To

introduce

megalodons

to

readers.向讀者介紹巨齒鯊；B.To

report

a

little

girl's

unusual

discovery.報道一個小女孩不尋常的發(fā)現；C.To

excite

readers'

interest

in

fossil

hunting.激發(fā)讀者對化石狩獵的興趣；D.To

promote

the

public's

awareness

of

animal

protection.提高公眾的動物保護意識。故選B。

這是一篇新聞報道。圣誕節(jié)當天，一名9歲的女孩在美國馬里蘭州切薩皮克灣的海灘上尋找化石時，發(fā)現了一塊13厘米長的巨齒鯊牙齒化石。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

我們在做完形填空時，首先需要快速的瀏覽全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要學會帶著問題到文中相應的地方，通過細節(jié)閱讀來尋找或概括答案；最后理清作者的寫作思路也非常重要；做此類題時，要多注意一些形容詞或動詞的搭配，在平時多積累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】D、C、C、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據第三段中In

the

past，many

doctors

thought

children

would

grow

out

of

bad

eating

habits.They

used

the

method

of

"wait

and

see"

to

decide

what

to

do.（過去，許多醫(yī)生認為孩子長大后會改掉不良的飲食習慣。他們用"觀望"的方法來決定做什么）可推知，"觀望"的方法指的是醫(yī)生不采取任何措施。故選D。

（2）觀點態(tài)度題。根據第五段Eneli

said

the

drugs

or

operations

should

go

along

with

life

changes，which

means

children

need

help

choosing

better

foods

and

finding

ways

to

exercise

more.（

Eneli說，藥物或手術應該伴隨著生活的改變，這意味著孩子們需要幫助選擇更好的食物，找到更多鍛煉的方法）和第六段Dr.Claudia

Fox，a

weight

management

doctor

at

the

University

of

Minnesota，said

semaglutide

helps

her

patients

have

a

"possibility

of

even

having

an

almost

normal

BMI."

Justin

Ryder，a

Chicago

doctor，said

the

drug

helps

patients

feel

more

full

than

they

would

be

without

it.

"In

addition，"

he

said，

"working

out

is

necessary."（明尼蘇達大學的體重管理醫(yī)生Claudia

Fox博士說，西馬魯肽幫助她的病人"甚至有可能擁有接近正常的體重指數"。芝加哥醫(yī)生Justin

Ryder說，這種藥能讓病人比沒有它時更有飽腹感。"此外，"他說，"鍛煉是必要的。"）可知，Ihuoma

Eneli和Dr.Claudia

Fox都認為服藥應與改變生活習慣相結合，而且鍛煉也是必不可少的。故選C。

（3）觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段Dr.Stephanie

Byrne，a

doctor

in

Los

Angeles，said

she

still

wants

to

see

more

research

on

how

semaglutide

affects

many

different

children.However，she

said，she

is

glad

pediatricians

are

starting

to

think

differently

about

obesity.

"I

definitely

think

that

diet

and

exercise

won't

do

it

for

a

number

of

teens

who

are

struggling

with

this，"

she

said.（洛杉磯醫(yī)生Stephanie

Byrne表示，她仍希望看到更多關于西馬魯肽如何影響不同兒童的研究。然而，她說，她很高興兒科醫(yī)生開始對肥胖有不同的看法。她說："我絕對認為飲食和鍛煉對許多正在與肥胖作斗爭的青少年來說是行不通的。"）可知，Dr.Stephanie

Byrne仍然希望看到更多關于塞馬魯肽如何影響不同兒童的研究。也就是說，她對塞馬魯肽的療效持謹慎的態(tài)度。A．Supportive.支持的；B．Unfavorable.不支持的；C．Cautious.謹慎的；D．Unconcerned.不關心的。故選C。

（4）標題歸納題。根據第一段A

new

recommendation

from

the

American

Academy

of

Pediatrics

（兒科）

says

doctors

should

treat

childhood

obesity

actively.（美國兒科學會的一項新建議稱，醫(yī)生應該積極治療兒童肥胖）結合文章主要說明了隨著生活水平的提高，肥胖兒童越來越多見。近日，美國兒科學會發(fā)布了新的兒童和青少年肥胖癥評估和治療臨床實踐指南。故B選項"美國醫(yī)生提供兒童肥胖新指南"最適合作為文章標題。A．US

starting

to

take

action

to

deal

with

children

obesity美國開始采取行動解決兒童肥胖問題；B．US

doctors

offering

new

guidelines

on

children

obesity美國醫(yī)生提供兒童肥胖新指南；C．New

ways

found

to

deal

with

children

obesity

in

the

US美國發(fā)現應對兒童肥胖的新方法；D．American

children

faced

with

the

serious

problem

of

obesity美國兒童面臨著嚴重的肥胖問題。故選B。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了隨著生活水平的提高，肥胖兒童越來越多見。近日，美國兒科學會發(fā)布了新的兒童和青少年肥胖癥評估和治療臨床實踐指南。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

12~15.【答案】A、D、B、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據第二段最后一句話She

wants

to

find

ways

to

mix

design

ideas

with

production

and

supply

methods

that

do

not

use

up

resources.（她希望找到一種方法，將設計理念與不消耗資源的生產和供應方式結合起來）可知，這位設計師利用海藻來生產電子燈，目的是希望節(jié)省資源。故選A。

（2）詞句猜測題。根據第三段前兩句話Heimtextil

is

an

international

trade

show

for

new

textiles

（紡織品）

in

Frankfurt，Germany.This

year's

show

placed

attention

on

making

new

products

that

came

from

reused

materials.（Heimtextil是在德國法蘭克福舉行的新紡織品國際貿易展。今年的展會把重點放在了用可重復使用的材料制作新產品上）可推知，在這次新型紡織品國際貿易展覽會上，將會有公司展示如何利用可重復利用的材料制造新產品。由此推斷，劃線單詞bespeaking的意思是"展示"。A．Responding.回應；B．Predicting.預測；C．Refusing.拒絕；D．Displaying.展示。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據第四段Fashion

industry

expert

Veronika

Lipar

described

the

field's

most

important

change—a

move

to

sustainability

（持續(xù)性）.She

said，

"The

industry

is

trying

to

reduce

'effect'

on

the

environment

and

no

longer

be

the

biggest

polluter."（時尚產業(yè)專家Veronika

Lipar描述了該領域最重要的變化向可持續(xù)發(fā)展的轉變。她說："該行業(yè)正在努力減少對環(huán)境的'影響'，不再是最大的污染者。"）可推知，維羅妮卡?利帕爾的話暗示了時尚產業(yè)對環(huán)境危害很大。故選B。

（4）推理判斷題。根據第一段Designers

are

increasingly

using

different

kinds

of

materials

to

produce

products

that

do

not

harm

the

environment.Reused

plastic

bottles，wood，plant

fiber，and

even

seaweed

are

being

used

in

place

of

traditional

materials

for

household

goods

and

clothing.

（設計師們越來越多地使用不同種類的材料來生產不損害環(huán)境的產品。重復使用的塑料瓶、木材、植物纖維，甚至海藻都被用來代替?zhèn)鹘y的家居用品和服裝材料）以及接下來文章