2022-2023學(xué)年北京重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一（下）期中英語(yǔ)試卷-普通用卷

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年北京重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一（下）期中英語(yǔ)試卷一、選詞填空-句子（本大題共1小題，共12.0分）1.

mental；atmosphere；jumptoone'sfeet；beregardedas；measure；trap；ontheedgeof；breakdown；strike；award；starin；bestuckin(1)Twentyminers______underground，butsoontheywererescued.(2)Infact，anykindofstreetperformancecan______aformofbusking（街頭賣藝）.(3)Hearingthenewsofhisson'sdeath，shewas______despair.(4)Weshouldtake______toprotectendangeredanimals.(5)Whenthelittleboysanginaveryhighbutclearvoiceonthestage，theaudience______，clappingandcheering.(6)He______dozensoffilmsinthepast3years，whichmakeshimaworld-famousactor.(7)Theypredictedthatadestructiveearthquake______thisareabeforetheendofthecentury.(8)We______atrafficjamonourwaytotheairportandwenearlymissedtheflight.(9)Thedirectorusessoftmusicandlightingtocreatearomantic______.(10)Onmywaytothestationmycar______，soIhadtocallvehiclerescueservice.(11)SurfingontheInternetforalongtimemaydamagechildren'shealthphysicallyand______.(12)TuYouyou______theNobelPrizeforherworkinmedicalresearchin2015.二、閱讀理解（本大題共14小題，共28.0分）ATheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainMansion&HistoricGardens

History，Culture&Landscape（景觀）.Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory，5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679，hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques，plantsales，museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.

Open：29Mar-29Oct，SuntoThurs.

Tearoom，Gardens&GiftShop：10.30-17.00（16.00inOct）.

House：11.15-16.00（15.00inOct）

Town：PooleyBridge&Penrith

AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum

ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.

Open：MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Summer.10.30-16.00Winter.

Town：Kendal

TullieHouseMuseum&ArtGallery

Discover，exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse，wherehistoriccollections，contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun，sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!

Open：HighSeason1Apr-31Oct：MontoSat10.00-17.00，Sun11.00-17.00.

LowSeason1Nov-31Mar：MontoSat10.00-16.30.Sun12.00-16.30.

Town：Carlisle

DoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseum

DiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage，walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions，eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.

Open：Daily，09.30-17.30（lastadmission17.00）.

Town：Grasmere2.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly？______A.09.30-17.30. B.10.30-16.00. C.11.15-16.00. D.12.00-16.30.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum？______A.EnjoyRomney'sworks. B.Havesomeinteractivefun.

C.Attendafamousfestival. D.Learnthehistoryofafamily.4.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife？______A.Penrith. B.Kendal. C.Carlisle. D.Grasmere.BWangShuangwasjustfivewhenherparentsdivorced，droppedheratheruncle'sandleft.Football，asitoftenis，becameanescape.

Atseven，shewasspottedbycoachXuYilong，whofoundWangquickinherplayfulbehavior.Astheonlygirlintheboys'team，Wang'sperformanceswereimpressive，earningherthenickname"IronGirl".Andsoon，shesensedthesport'spower.Footballallowedherto"releaseherself"andrealize"whateverhappens，footballneverleavesyoualone".

However，lifewasneversmoothsailing.Theconstantjibes（嘲諷）fromsomepeople，whoalwaystriedtopushherdownanddestroyherhopes，affectedhersodeeplythatshelostconfidence."TheyweresayingIhadnotalentatall.Gradually，Ifeltreallyso，"Wangoncewrote.Butneverdidshestopplaying.Whenshewascalledupattheageof17，Wangthought，"Me？Areyousure？"Whenaworld-famousclubwantedtosignher，shewasexcitedthatanexcellentcoachthoughtshewasgood.Itwasonlythenthatshefeltconfidentinherabilities."Ifeltrecognized.PerhapsIhadabitoftalentafterall."

Notany"bitoftalent"；thegeniusispraisedasChina'sonce-in-a-generationplayer.

Chinaisapioneerofwomen'sfootballinAsiaandhaswonthecontinentalchampionshipninetimes，includingsevenstraighttitlesbetween1986and1999.Thatwastheirgoldenage.Gradually，though，thedynastydeclined（衰退）.ItishopedthatWangwillinspirethewomen'sfootballofthecountrytoitsformerheight.

Coachesarealmostalwayshesitanttospeakaboutindividualplayers.ButwhencoachShuiQingxiawasaskedaboutWangbeforethematchagainstVietnam，shecouldn'tstopmentioningherinfluenceontheteam.Unfailinglyperformingonthebigstage，Wangdidnotletherteamdown.Whentheylackedaqualityball，shedeliveredtwohighassiststhatfinallyledherteamintothequarterfinal（四分之一決賽）.

"Nobodyknowshowharditwas，"declaredWangafterthematch."Weovercamedifficulties.Wealsoshowedourstrongspiritualpower.Iamproudofmyteam."5.WhatcanweinferaboutWangfromthesecondparagraph？______A.Sheearnedalivingonherown. B.Shewasreleasedfromtheteam.

C.Shewaslaughedatbytheboys. D.Shefoundasenseofbelonging.6.HowdidWangregainfaithinherabilities？______A.Bywinningrecognition.

B.Byobtaininginspiration.

C.Byplayinginthenationalteam.

D.Byignoringotherpeople'sjibes.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext？______A.WangShuang：ASteelRose

B.WangShuang：AChildGenius

C.WangShuang：AFootballPioneer

D.WangShuang：AGoldenAgeCreatorCHundredsofpeopledieatseaeveryyearduetoshipandairplaneaccidents.Emergencyteamshavelittletimetorescuethoseinthewaterbecausetheprobabilityoffindingapersonalivefalldramaticallyaftersixhours.Beyondtidesandchallengingweatherconditions,unsteadycoastalcurrentsoftenmakesearchandrescueoperationsextremelydifficult.

NewinsightintocoastalflowsgainedbyaninternationalresearchteamledbyGeorgeHaller,ProfessorofNonlinearDynamicsatETHZurich,promisestoenhancethesearchandrescuetechniquescurrentlyinuse.Usingtoolsfromdynamicalsystemstheoryandoceandata,theteamhasdevelopedanalgorithm（算法）topredictwhereobjectsandpeoplefloatinginwaterwillgo."Ourworkhasaclearpotentialtosavelives,"saysMattiaSerra,thefirstauthorofastudyrecentlypublishedinNatureCommunications.

Intoday'srescueoperationsatsea,complicatedmodelsofoceandynamicsandweatherforecastingareusedtopredictthepathoffloatingobjects.Forfast-changingcoastalwaters,however,suchpredictionsareofteninaccurateduetouncertainboundariesandmissingdata.Asaresult,asearchmaybelaunchedinthewronglocation,causingalossofprecioustime.

Haller'sresearchteamobtainedmathematicalresultspredictingthatobjectsfloatingontheocean'ssurfaceshouldgatheralongafewspecialcurves（曲線）whichtheycallTRansientAttractingProfiles（TRAPs）.Thesecurvescan'tbeseenwithoureyesbutcanbetrackedfrominstantoceansurfacecurrentdatausingrecentmathematicalmethodsdevelopedbytheETHteam.Thisenablesquickandpreciseplanningofsearchpathsthatarelesssensitivetouncertaintiesinthetimeandplaceoftheaccident.

IncooperationwithateamfromMIT，theETHteamtestedtheirnew,TRAP-basedsearchalgorithmintwoseparateoceanexperimentsnearMartha'sVineyard,whichisonthenortheasterncoastoftheUnitedStates.Workingfromthesamereal-timedataavailabletotheCoastGuard,theteamsuccessfullyidentifiedTRAPsintheregioninrealtime.Theyfoundthatbuoysandmanikins（浮標(biāo)和人體模型）throwninthewaterindeedquicklygatheredalongtheseemergingcurves."Ofseveralcompetingapproachestestedinthisproject,thiswastheonlyalgorithmthatconsistentlyfoundtherightlocation,"saysHaller.

"Ourresultsarerapidlyobtained,easytointerpretandcheaptoperform,"pointsoutSerra.Hallerstresses："Ourhopeisthatthismethodwillbecomeastandardpartofthetoolkitofcoastguardseverywhere."8.Inasearchandrescueoperation,______.A.thesurvivalratedropstoalmostzeroaftersixhours

B.theuseofdynamicsleadstothewronglocation

C.weatherconditionsareadeterminingfactor

D.changingcurrentspresentachallenge9.Whatisthedistinctfeatureofthenewalgorithm？______A.Itreliesonoceandynamics.

B.Ittracksthepathofthecurves.

C.Itstopstheuncertaintiesoftheaccident.

D.Itfiguresouthowtideschangeovertime.10.Paragraph5mainlytalksabout______.A.thecollectionofdata

B.thetestingofthealgorithm

C.theidentificationoftheTRAPs

D.thecooperationoftworesearchteams11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？______A.WhySuccessRatesofRescueOperationshaveFallen

B.WhyAlgorithmsarePopularinRescueOperations

C.HowMathematicsCanSaveLivesatSea

D.HowCoastalWatersAffectSavingLivesD

Effectivemonitoringofendangeredspeciesiskeytotheirsurvival.Studyingthemovement,rangeandhabitsofwildanimalsisessentialinordertoensuretheirhabitatremainsfreefrompoachers(偷獵者)anddevelopment.Traditionalmethodsofmonitoringwildanimals,especiallylargeones,includeradio-tagging.Todothis,individualanimalsmustatfirstbecapturedsothatcollarsortagscanbefitted.

OneorganisationthatadoptedthistechniquewasWildTrack.Inthelate1990s,theteamwasusingradio-collarstomonitorblackrhinoinNamibia.However,theteamsoonrealisedthatthechemicalsusedtoimmobilizetherhinoinordertofitthecollarshadanegativeimpactonfemalefertility.Notonlythatbutalargeproportionoftheradio-collarsfailedwithinthefirst6monthsandhadtobereplaced.Moreover,asanimalsgrew,thecollarswouldtighten,irritatingorevenhurtingtheanimal.Themethodwasnotonlyexpensive,butitwasalsocounterproductive,asitchangedtherhino'sbehaviour,thusinvalidating(使失效)thedatacollected.Atthesametime,theteamwasworkingalongsidelocaltrackers.Animaltrackingisoneoftheoldesthumanskills,andtheseexpertshadyearsofexperienceinidentifyingindividualanimalsbytheirfootprints.Theycouldeffectivelycreateatruepictureofindividualrhinos'activitieswithouttheuseofanyinvasivetechniques.Consequently,theteamwereinterestedtoknowwhetherthetrackers'knowledgecouldbesuccessfullytranslatedintoaneffective,computerisedtechniqueformonitoringanimalmovement.

Withineachspecies,eachindividualhasitsownuniquefootcharacteristics,inthesamewaythathumanshavefingerprints.Thus,ifananimalissightedandidentifiedjustonce,andthecharacteristicsofitsfootprintsproperlyphotographedandmeasured,itsfootprintcanberecognisedwheneveritissightedagain.Ifdonerepeatedly,conservationistscandrawupadatabaseofall,oratleastasignificantproportionoftheindividualswithinthepopulation.Afterthatconservationistscanuseittoidentifyananimalanditsmovementsbyitsprint.Thedatagatheredcanbeusedforarangeofpurposes,forexampletomonitorbiodiversity.WildTrackiscurrentlyusingfootprintidentificationtechnologyinGreecetostudythepotentialeffectofalargehighwayconstructionthroughbrownbearhabitat.

Identifyingananimalfromitsfootprintisnotwithoutitschallenges,however,aseachtimetheindividualplacesitsfootontheground,itleavesaslightlydifferenttrack,accordingtothetypeofgrounditiswalkingon,moisturelevelsandthewayitismoving.Inordertoaccountforthesevariations,itisnecessarytocollectseveraltracksfromeachindividual,includingimpressionsfromallfourfeet,onarangeofsurfaces.12.Comparedwithradio-collars,traditionalanimaltracking______.A.islessaccurate B.costsmoremoney

C.haslesssideeffects D.dependsmoreoncomputers13.Accordingtothepassage,thefoot-printidentificationtechnology______.A.needsmoredatatorunbetter B.developsfromradio-collars

C.hasnotbeenputintopractice D.worksundercertainenvironment14.Whatdoesthepassageimply?A.Technologyholdsthekeytodevelopment.

B.Traditionalskillsmakebetterconservationists.

C.Animaltrackingsetsanewtrendinconservation.

D.Creativityliesinthecombinationoftheoldandnew.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TopresentWildTrack'sextraordinarywork.

B.Toprovideanewwayofmonitoringanimals.

C.Tocomparetwodifferentmethodsofcatchinganimals.

D.Toexplainhowtoidentifyanimalsfootprintseffectively.三、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）TheChangingLandscapeoftheMusicBusiness

Themusicindustryisintheprocessofagreatchange.Inthepastdecades,artistsmademoneythroughphysicalsalesofrecords,CDs,andcassettes.Whileinrecentyears,downloadingsongsfromservicessuchasAmazonoriTuneshasbecomethemostcommonwayforpeopletopurchasemusic,andthewholeideaofbuyingmusictoownmaybefalling.TotakeitsplaceareInternetappsthatStreammusicdirectlytoleanersontheirsmartphones,labelsofcomputers.

(1)

Whilethisisgreatforfanswhonowhaveaces10millionsofsongsattheflickofatouchscreen,ithasshatteredthetraditionalmodelofhowanartistmanageshisorhercareer.

Withmusicloversincreasinglymovingawayfrommakingone-timepurchasestowardsanall-you-can-listen-toservice,whatisahard-workingartisttodo?Themainproblemfacingmanymusiciansisthatpayments-per-streamofasongaremuchlowerthanwhatanartistwouldreceivefromadownload.

(2)

InNovemberof2014,award-winningmusicianTaylorSwiftpulledherentiremusiccatalogfromspottily,apopularstreamingapp,claimingthattheirbusinessmodelsuggeststhatmusicdoesnotholdmuchworth.

(3)

Theyclaimthatitofferssmallerartistsachancefortheirmusictogetheardbyawideraudience.BrianMessage,managerofthebandRadiohead,hascomeoutinsupportofstreamingservices.Heseesthemasawayformusiciansandfanstointeract.

Regardlessofwhatartistsmaythinkaboutthischangeinthemusicindustry,there'snoarguingthattheyneedtoadaptinordertomakemoney

(4)

.

Corporatesponsorshipcanbeariskyoptionformusicians.Abandcanmakemuchmoneybyagreeingtopromoteaproductorlicenseitsmusicforuseinadvertisements-buttherearemarrywaysthatthiscanbackfire.Whenhandsworkwithbusinesses,theymaylosetheimageheyhaveworkedtocreate.

(5)

Artistsmustdevelopanimagethatappealstotheirfarmsinordertoremainuniqueandauthentic,ortheyriskstrikingthewrongchord,whichcouldleavethemstrugglingtosustaincareerisminthisnewbusinesslandscape.

A.Othershavewelcomedtheideaofstreamingmusic.

B.However,thoseformsofmediaarequicklyfadingaway.

C.Somebig-nameartistshavecalledattentiontotheissue.

D.Themulescouldbedifferentforsmallerbandsjuststartingout.

E.Maintainingafineimagewhileworkingonacareeriscertainlytricky.

F.Onemajorshiftisthegrowthinpartnershipbetweenartistsandbusinesses.

G.Theseappsareavailableeitherasfreeversionsorasmonthlysubscriptionservices.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空（本大題共10小題，共15.0分）Likemanynewgraduates,IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.MydegreeinEnglishliteraturehadnotreally(21)meforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothatuntilI(22)abouttheLighthouseProject.

Iknewbeingavolunteerintheprojectwouldbealotofhardwork,andIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriends.(23)，Ididnotmakemydecisiontoapplyforit.Neitherdidmyfamilyagree.

Eventually,however,Iwonthe(24)ofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication.After(25)interviews,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesand(26)thetestalone.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillageinNigeria.Where？What？Nigeria？Ihadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindit.

Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothesmallvillage.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirfood,homes,andeven(27)asifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,I(28)inthatsameschoolhouse.ButsometimesIthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.

Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedso(29)tomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever,andIreturnedtomycitya（n）(30)man.21.

A.prepared B.stopped C.pushed D.forced22.

A.talked B.asked C.cared D.learned23.

A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Instead24.

A.trust B.praise C.support D.respect25.

A.countless B.hopeless C.careless D.aimless26.

A.miss B.survive C.choose D.doubt27.

A.hearts B.wishes C.dreams D.chances28.

A.lived B.studied C.taught D.settled29.

A.strange B.familiar C.meaningful D.reasonable30.

A.ordinary B.energetic C.ambitious D.different五、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共3小題，共15.0分）31.EdStaffordisthefirstperson（1）______（walk）fromthemountainsofPerutothemouthoftheriverinBrazil.Hisamazingjourney（2）______（take）twoyearsandfourmonths.Therearemanydangerousanimalsintherainforest，likesnakesandcrocodiles，butluckilyEdwasonlybittenbyantsandmosquitoes.Onhistrip，Edhadtofindfruitandnutsorcatchfisheachmorning.（3）______oftenbotheredEdwasthatsometimesfoodwashardtofindandhegoteasilytiredandhungry.(1)(2)(3)32.Awarningsystemtopreventdriversfromfallingasleepwasintroducedatthe2020ChinaInternationalFairforTradeinServices，（1）______washeldfromSeptember4to9inBeijing.Thesystemcanjudgewhetherthedriverissleepybymonitoringhowlongthedriver'seyesclose.Ifthedriveristired，thesystemwillsoundanalarmuntilthedriver'seyesreopen.Inthefuture，other（2）______（danger）drivingbehaviours，suchasnotwearingaseatbeltandmakingphonecallswhile（3）______（drive），mightalsobeaddedintothiswarningsystem.(1)(2)(3)33.Self-relianceisanimportantelementinbeinganindependentperson.Whenyoucanmakedecisionsforyourself（1）______relyingonotherstoapproveyourchoice，youareacting（2）______（independent）.Peoplewhoareself-reliantandmakedecisionswithconfidenceisgoingtofind（3）______（they）beingreliedon.Thiscanmakethemfeelmorevaluable.However，peoplerelyingheavilyonothersforsupport（4）______（see）asneedyanddemanding.Thesearenotattractivefeaturesinsomeone'spersonalityandmightleadtolosingfriends.(1)(2)(3)(4)六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共20.0分）34.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你校將舉辦主題為“創(chuàng)意點(diǎn)亮校園”學(xué)生手工作品展。請(qǐng)給你校的交換生Jim寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參觀展覽。內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹展覽信息（例如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容等）；

2.詢問對(duì)方意向。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：手工作品handicraft

DearJim,

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________???????

Yours,

LiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】weretrapped【小題2】be

regarded

as【小題3】on

the

edge

of【小題4】measures【小題5】jumped

to

their

feet【小題6】hasstarred

in【小題7】wouldstrike【小題8】werestuck

in【小題9】atmosphere【小題10】broke

down【小題11】mentally【小題12】wasawarded【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：20名礦工被困在地下，但很快他們就獲救了。根據(jù)句意可知表示"困住"用動(dòng)詞trap，前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；和主語(yǔ)Twenty

miners構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)，故填weretrapped。

（2）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，任何形式的街頭表演都可以被視為街頭賣藝的一種形式。根據(jù)句意可知表示"被視為"用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be

regarded

as，can后用動(dòng)詞原形，故填be

regarded

as。

（3）考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：聽到他兒子去世的消息，她快要崩潰了。根據(jù)句意可知表示"快要；處于的邊緣"用介詞短語(yǔ)on

the

edge

of，故填on

the

edge

of。

（4）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們應(yīng)該采取措施保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。根據(jù)句意可知表示"采取措施"用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)takemeasures，故填measures。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)小男孩在舞臺(tái)上以一種很高但清晰的聲音唱歌時(shí)，觀眾們激動(dòng)地跳了起來(lái)，鼓掌歡呼。根據(jù)句意可知表示"跳了起來(lái)"用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)jump

to

one's

feet，和the

audience一致用one's用their；并且前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填jumped

to

their

feet。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在過(guò)去的三年里，他主演了許多電影，這使他成為世界著名的演員。根據(jù)句意可知表示"主演"用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)star

in，根據(jù)in

the

past

3

years可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；和主語(yǔ)He一致，助動(dòng)詞用has，故填hasstarred

in。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們預(yù)測(cè)，在本世紀(jì)末之前，一場(chǎng)破壞性的地震將襲擊該地區(qū)。根據(jù)句意可知表示"襲擊"用動(dòng)詞strike，根據(jù)before

the

end

of

the

century以及主句的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，可知用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，故填wouldstrike。

（8）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們?cè)谌C(jī)場(chǎng)的路上遇到了交通堵塞，差點(diǎn)錯(cuò)過(guò)了航班。根據(jù)句意可知表示"被困于；遇到"用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)bestuck

in，前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；和主語(yǔ)We一致，be動(dòng)詞用were，故填werestuck

in。

（9）考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：導(dǎo)演用柔和的音樂和燈光營(yíng)造出一種浪漫的氛圍。根據(jù)句意可知表示"氛圍"用名詞atmosphere，a后用單數(shù)，故填atmosphere。

（10）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在去車站的路上，我的車壞了，所以我不得不打電話給車輛救援服務(wù)部門。根據(jù)句意可知表示"壞了"用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)break

down，前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填broke

down。

（11）考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間上網(wǎng)可能會(huì)對(duì)兒童的身體和心理健康造成損害。根據(jù)句意可知表示"心理上"用副詞mentally和physically并列，故填mentally。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2015年，屠呦呦因其在醫(yī)學(xué)研究方面的工作獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。根據(jù)句意可知表示"授予"用動(dòng)詞award，根據(jù)in

2015可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；和主語(yǔ)Tu

Youyou構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填wasawarded。

（1）20名礦工被困在地下，但很快他們就獲救了。

（2）事實(shí)上，任何形式的街頭表演都可以被視為街頭賣藝的一種形式。

（3）聽到他兒子去世的消息，她快要崩潰了。

（4）我們應(yīng)該采取措施保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。

（5）當(dāng)小男孩在舞臺(tái)上以一種很高但清晰的聲音唱歌時(shí)，觀眾們激動(dòng)地跳了起來(lái)，鼓掌歡呼。

（6）在過(guò)去的三年里，他主演了許多電影，這使他成為世界著名的演員。

（7）他們預(yù)測(cè)，在本世紀(jì)末之前，一場(chǎng)破壞性的地震將襲擊該地區(qū)。

（8）我們?cè)谌C(jī)場(chǎng)的路上遇到了交通堵塞，差點(diǎn)錯(cuò)過(guò)了航班。

（9）導(dǎo)演用柔和的音樂和燈光營(yíng)造出一種浪漫的氛圍。

（10）在去車站的路上，我的車壞了，所以我不得不打電話給車輛救援服務(wù)部門。

（11）長(zhǎng)時(shí)間上網(wǎng)可能會(huì)對(duì)兒童的身體和心理健康造成損害。

（12）2015年，屠呦呦因其在醫(yī)學(xué)研究方面的工作獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。

本題考查詞匯的記憶，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，要對(duì)詞匯的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行積累。這種題型是簡(jiǎn)單的漢譯英，是機(jī)械練習(xí)單詞記憶最簡(jiǎn)單的方法，適合于短時(shí)間內(nèi)訓(xùn)練單詞和檢查單詞的方法。在平時(shí)可以用于自我檢查，特別是一輪復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候，是有效的方法。

2~4.【答案】C、A、D【解析】（1）C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens這部分的House：11.15-16.00（15.00inOct）.可知，DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens的房子在七月份是11.15-16.00開放．故選C．

（2）A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum這部分的TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTumersandRomneys.令人印象深刻的永久收藏品包括圖姆斯和羅姆尼的作品．可知，AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum的游客可以欣賞Romney的作品．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A．

（3）D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)DoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseum這部分

DiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome探索威廉華茲華斯的靈感之家，和最后一行Town：Grasmere，可知，如果游客想探索華茲華斯的生活，他們應(yīng)該去哪里Grasmere.故選D．

本文為應(yīng)用文．文章介紹湖區(qū)一些景點(diǎn)的特色，開放時(shí)間，所在地等信息．

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．

5~7.【答案】D、A、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Footballallowedherto

"releaseherself"

andrealize

"whateverhappens??????，footballneverleavesyoualone.

"????（足球讓她"釋放自己"，并意識(shí)到"無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，足球永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)讓你孤單。"）可知，是足球讓王霜釋放自己，并意識(shí)到無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，足球永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)讓自己孤單。說(shuō)明她在足球當(dāng)中找到了一種歸屬感。故選D項(xiàng)。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Whenaworld-famousclubwantedtosignher???????，shewas

"excitedthatanexcellentcoachthoughtIwasgood.

"

Itwasonlythenthatshefeltconfidentinherabilities.

"Ifeltrecognized.PerhapsIhadabitoftalentafterall.

"?????????????????????????????（當(dāng)一家世界著名的俱樂部想簽下她時(shí)，她"很高興一位優(yōu)秀的教練認(rèn)為我很好。"直到那時(shí)，她才對(duì)自己的能力充滿信心。"我覺得被認(rèn)可了，也許我還是有一點(diǎn)天賦的。"）可知，一位優(yōu)秀的教練認(rèn)為王霜很好，并想簽下她，因此她通過(guò)贏得別人對(duì)自己的認(rèn)可對(duì)自己的能力恢復(fù)了信心。故選A項(xiàng)。

（3）標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Astheonlygirlintheboys'team，Wang'sperformanceswereimpressive，earningherthenickname"IronGirl."（作為男隊(duì)中唯一的女生，王霜的表現(xiàn)令人印象深刻，為她贏得了"鐵娘子"的綽號(hào)。）可知，在男足球隊(duì)中時(shí)王霜就表現(xiàn)的非常出色。以及根據(jù)第六段前三句內(nèi)容Coachesarealmostalwayshesitanttospeakaboutindividualplayers.ButwhencoachShuiwasaskedaboutWangbeforethematchagainstVietnam，shecouldn'tstopmentioningherinfluenceontheteam.Unfailinglyperformingonthebigstage，Wangdidnotletherteamdown.（教練在談?wù)撉騿T個(gè)人時(shí)總是猶豫不決。但在與越南隊(duì)的比賽之前，當(dāng)水教練被問及王霜時(shí)，她忍不住提到她對(duì)球隊(duì)的影響。一直在大舞臺(tái)上表演的王沒有讓她的團(tuán)隊(duì)失望。）可知教練對(duì)王霜的能力非常的認(rèn)可，對(duì)于一個(gè)影響力十足的女性足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)"鏗鏘玫瑰"的稱號(hào)值得擁有。因此A.WangShuang?：ASteelRose??（王霜：鏗鏘玫瑰）適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故先A項(xiàng)。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員王霜五歲父母離婚，她從踢足球中找到了歸屬感，17歲被召入國(guó)家隊(duì)時(shí)，自信大增，她的能力也得到了教練的認(rèn)可。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~11.【答案】D、B、B、C【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Beyond

tides

and

challenging

weather

conditions,

unsteady

coastal

currents

often

make

search

and

rescue

operations

extremely

difficult.（除了潮汐和天氣條件的挑戰(zhàn)外，不穩(wěn)定的水流經(jīng)常使搜尋和營(yíng)救措施變得極其困難。）可知，在搜尋和營(yíng)救中，變化的水流呈現(xiàn)出挑戰(zhàn)。故選D.

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的These

curves

can't

be

seen

with

our

eyes

but

can

be

tracked

from

instant

ocean

surface

current

data

using

recent

mathematical

methods

developed

by

the

ETH

team.（這些曲線不能被眼睛看到。但是通過(guò)使用由ETM小組發(fā)展的數(shù)學(xué)方法，能瞬間從海洋表面的水流數(shù)據(jù)追蹤到這些曲線。）可知，新算法能追蹤到曲線的路徑，故選B.

（3）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的the

ETH

team

tested

their

new,TRAP-based

search

algorithm（ETM小組基于TRAP的搜尋算法，來(lái)測(cè)試他們的新算法。）可知，第五段主要講述算法的測(cè)試，故選B.

（4）C.標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Hundredsofpeopledieatseaeveryyearduetoshipandairplaneaccidents.（每年成百上千的人由于船或飛機(jī)事故死在海中。）交代了文章的背景。根據(jù)第二段中的theteamhasdevelopedanalgorithmtopredictwhereobjectsandpeoplefloatinginwaterwillgo.（這個(gè)小組發(fā)展了算法，用于預(yù)測(cè)將要沉入水中的人和物。）及recentmathematicalmethods…enablesquickandpreciseplanningofsearchpaths（最近的數(shù)學(xué)方法使搜尋路徑變得快且精準(zhǔn)。）可知，數(shù)學(xué)算法可以在海上精準(zhǔn)地探測(cè)到人和物體，故文章主要講述如何通過(guò)使用數(shù)學(xué)方法在海上挽救生命。故選C.

本文是一篇科教類說(shuō)明文，主要講述了通過(guò)使用數(shù)學(xué)方法在海上挽救生命。

考查科教類閱讀理解。做題是要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】C、A、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述為了確保野生動(dòng)物的棲息地不被偷獵者破壞和開發(fā)，WildTrack組織采取了一種方式：將古老的動(dòng)物追蹤和現(xiàn)代的電腦科技結(jié)合形成對(duì)動(dòng)物足印的追蹤而建成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行分析。這種新方法在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中有一定的優(yōu)勢(shì)但也面臨著很多挑戰(zhàn)。

1.

根據(jù)第二段的However,theteamsoonrealisedthatthechemicals...thusinvalidating(使失效)thedatacollected.（然而，研究小組很快意識(shí)到，為了戴項(xiàng)圈而使犀牛無(wú)法活動(dòng)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)雌性生育能力有負(fù)面影響。不僅如此，在最初的6個(gè)月內(nèi)，大部分的無(wú)線電項(xiàng)圈都失效了，必須更換。而且，隨著動(dòng)物的成長(zhǎng)，項(xiàng)圈會(huì)變緊，刺激甚至傷害動(dòng)物。這種方法不僅昂貴，而且適得其反，因?yàn)樗淖兞讼５男袨?，從而使收集到的?shù)據(jù)無(wú)效。）和Theycouldeffectivelycreateatruepictureofindividualrhinos'activitieswithouttheuseofanyinvasivetechniques.（他們可以在不使用任何侵入性技術(shù)的情況下，有效地創(chuàng)造出犀牛個(gè)體活動(dòng)的真實(shí)畫面。）可知，與無(wú)線電項(xiàng)圈相比，傳統(tǒng)的動(dòng)物追蹤技術(shù)副作用更少。故選C。

2.

根據(jù)第三段Ifdonerepeatedly,conservationistscandrawup...anditsmovementsbyitsprint.（如果反復(fù)進(jìn)行，自然資源保護(hù)主義者就可以建立一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，包括所有的，或者至少是種群中相當(dāng)大比例的個(gè)體。在那之后，自然資源保護(hù)主義者可以用它來(lái)識(shí)別動(dòng)物和它的足跡。）可知，腳印識(shí)別技術(shù)需要更多數(shù)據(jù)才能更好地運(yùn)行。故選A。

3.

根據(jù)第二段的Animaltrackingisoneoftheoldesthumanskills（追蹤動(dòng)物是人類最古老的技能之一）及最后一句Consequently,theteamwereinterestedto...formonitoringanimalmovement.（因此，該團(tuán)隊(duì)很想知道追蹤器的知識(shí)能否成功轉(zhuǎn)化為一種有效的、計(jì)算機(jī)化的技術(shù)，用于監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)物的運(yùn)動(dòng)）可推知，創(chuàng)造力基于新舊的結(jié)合。故選D。

4.

通讀全文可知，文章前半部分講述監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)物的意義；接著介紹傳統(tǒng)的監(jiān)測(cè)方法：對(duì)動(dòng)物進(jìn)行無(wú)線電標(biāo)記或套項(xiàng)圈；然后介紹古老的動(dòng)物追蹤和現(xiàn)代的電腦科技結(jié)合形成對(duì)動(dòng)物足印的追蹤，而建成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行分析；最后一段講述這種新方法面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。由此可知，本文主要介紹了一種新的監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)物的方法。故選B。

16~20.【答案】G、C、A、F、E【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章描寫了流媒體的發(fā)展對(duì)于現(xiàn)如今音樂人的影響。

1.

根據(jù)后文Whilethisisgreatforfans,whonowhaveaccesstomillionsofsongsattheflickofatouchscreen,ithasshatteredthetraditionalmodelofhowanartistmanageshisorhercareer.（雖然這對(duì)歌迷來(lái)說(shuō)是件好事，他們現(xiàn)在只需輕觸觸摸屏就可以訪問數(shù)百萬(wàn)首歌曲，但它打破了藝術(shù)家管理自己職業(yè)生涯的傳統(tǒng)模式。）可猜測(cè)，劃線句可描寫這些應(yīng)用程序的功能特點(diǎn)是如何打破藝術(shù)家管理自己職業(yè)生涯的傳統(tǒng)模式的。G選項(xiàng)（這些應(yīng)用程序要么提供免費(fèi)版本，要么提供月度訂閱服務(wù)。）符合題意，且選項(xiàng)中的theseapps呼應(yīng)上文的I