高二閱讀理解專題訓(xùn)練

閱讀理解專題訓(xùn)練ATheKeytoYourHealthAcarneedsgastorunandyourbodyalsoneedsfoodtoworkforyou.Eatingtherightkindoffoodisveryimportant.Itcanhelpyourbodygrowstrongtotakecareofwhatyoueat.Therearefourmainfoodgroupsaltogether.Thedairygrouphasfoodlikemilk,cheeseandsourmilk.Theotherthreegroupsarethemeatandfishgroup,thefruitandvegetablegroup,andthebreadandricegroup.Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.Withallthesefoodtogether,youwillbegivenenoughenergyduringtheday.Itiseasytogetintobadeating-habits.Youmayeatyourbreakfastinahurrytogettoschoolontime.Oryoumaynothavetimeforagoodlunch.Itmayseemeasyto.Butyouwillfindyourselftiredinthesedaysandyoucannotthinkquickly.Watchingwhatyoueatwillhelpyourbodyremainhealthyandstrong.Itisalsogoodtotakesomeexercise.Itwillhelpyoueatmoreifyoutakeawalkorplaygamesintheopenair.Havingagoodeatinghabitwithsomeexerciseisthekeytoyourhealth.1.Whichofthefollowingdietsdoyouthinkisthebestone?A.Corn,fish,creamandpork. B.Eggs,tomatoesandchicken.C.Milk,bread,cabbagesandbeef. D.Rice,beancurd,apples,fishandchicken.2.Whichofthefollowingisagoodeatinghabit?A.Goingtoschoolwithoutanybreakfast.B.Finishingyourlunchinaveryshorttime.C.Eatingfishandchipsforsupperallthetime.D.Havingatleastonefoodfromallfourgroupsineachmeal.3.Inthispassagethewritermainlytellsusthat.A.rightkindoffoodwithexercisewillkeepyouhealthyB.takingexercisecankeepyourbodystrongC.everypersonneedsfoodtogrowwellD.enoughenergyhelpspeoplethinkmorequickly4.Theunderlinedword“dairy”inthesecondparagraphmeans.A.theshopthatsellsmilkandbutterB.thefoodmadeoutofcowssuchasmilkandbutterC.afarmwherecowsarekeptD.aplacewheremilkproductsaremade5.Whatdoes“watch”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Lookat. B.Lookout. C.See. D.Takecareof.BThefoodweeatseemstohaveagreateffectonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadebigstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofhumanillnessisrelatedtofoodandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtofoodaswell.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,someresearchersrealizedthatthingscommonlyusedtokeepcoloursinmeatsandotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,theseadditivesremaininourfood,anditisdifficulttoknowwhichthingsonthewrappingsoffoodsarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintotheiranimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkofcows.Sometimessimilarthingsaresuppliedtoanimalsnotfortheirhealth,butjusttomakeaprofit.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertogetahigherpriceonthemarket.Althoughsomecountrieshavetriedtocontrolsuchthings,thepracticecontinues.6.Accordingtothispassage,wecanknow.A.perhapsmostofhumanillnessiscausedbywhatweeatB.perhapsmostkindsofcancerarerelatedtowhatpeopleeatC.cancerwasdiscoveredin1945D.sciencehasmadefoodunfittoeat7.Thingsthatareusedtokeepcoloursinmeatsare.A.harmful B.useless C.helpless D.dangerous8.Alltheadditives.A.arebrightandcolourless B.arenotbrightandcolourfulC.haveindirecteffectsonourhealth D.havedirecteffectsonourhealth9.Peopleuseadditives.A.tomakefoodmoreunfittoeat B.toimprovethecolourandtasteofthefoodC.tochangethecolourofthefood D.totakeoffthediseasesofthefood10.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A.Somewrappingsoffoodareharmful.B.Farmerstrytomakemoremoneyonthemarketbyfatteningtheiranimals.C.“Thepracticecontinues”means“thingsarestillgoingonlikethat”.D.Weneedn'ttakecareofwhatweeat.CThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010and,adecadelater,citizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworld.ThesewerethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity'spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020,ChenYin,anofficialwiththewaterauthority,saidShanghai'swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYue,directoroftheUrbanconstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstruction,said,”Shanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.Theywillnotbeeasytoachieve.”HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina'seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity'sinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)costsby10000yuan.Lastyear,Shanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology.“Theaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortages,”Chensaid.”Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater.”Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiver,whichsupplies80percentofthecity'sdrinkablewater,isnearingexhaustion.Thecity,therefore,hasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.Besidespenningregulations,theauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoweak.Lemons，orangesandtomatoeshaveVitaminCinthem.VitaminDisthesunvitamin.Wegetitinmilkandeggsandfromsunlightonourskin.Thereareothervitamins，buttheseA，B，CandDarethemostimportant.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofvitamins. B.Howtogetvitamins.C.Howtogoonadiet. D.Theorderofthealphabet.22.Ifsomebody'seyesareinpoorcondition，probablyheneeds.A.VitaminA B.VitaminB C.VitaminC D.VitaminD23.WhencanwegetVitaminD?A.Whenwehavebreadandbutterforourbreakfast.B.Whenweareeatingapples.C.Whenweareworkinginthefieldinthesun.D.Whenwearehavingvegetables.24.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.Thevitaminsarenamesofthealphabet.B.WecankeepbothVitanminAandB.C.Milkisveryimportanttohumanbeings.D.Apersonwholacks(缺乏)VitaminDshouldeatmorevegetables.FOnenightwhenmywifewaspreparingdinner，ourlittlesontookapieceofpapertoher，whichread：Forwashingthecar………………………$5.00Formakingmyownbedthisweek………$1.00Goingtotheprovisionshop………………$0.5Playingwithlittlesister…………………$0.25Takingouttherubbish…………………$1.00Gettingagoodreportcard……………$5.00Andforsweepingthecommoncorridor………………$2.00Total……………………$14.75Hismotherlookedathimstandingthereexpectingpayment.Icouldseeathousandmemoriesflashedthroughhermind.Soshepickedupthepenandturningthepaperover，thisiswhatshewrote：For9monthsIcarriedyou，growinginsideme………………NoChargeForthenightsIsatupwithyou，doctoredandprayedforyou………………NoChargeForthetoys，foodandclothesandwipingyournose………NoChargeWhenyouadditallup，thefullcostofmylove…………………NoChargeWell，whenhefinishedreading，hehadgreatbigtearsinhiseyes.Helookedathismotherandsaid，“Mummy，Iloveyou.”Thenhetookthepenandingreatbigletterswroteonthe“bill”“Allpaid”.25.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Part-timeJobB.Mother'sLove，NoChargeC.PaymentforHouseworkD.GreedyMother26.Thewriterwrotethepassageinorderto.A.showthatchildrenshouldbepaidfortheirhouseworkB.showthatchildrenshouldnotbepaidfortheirhouseworkC.showacleverwayofteachingchildrenD.tellchildrenhowtospendtheirsparetime27.Whatdoyouthinkofthemotherinthepassage?A.Clever. B.Greedy. C.Cold-hearted. D.Selfish.28.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat.A.theboygotallthemoneyhewantedB.themotherwasunwillingtogivethemoneytotheboyC.theboyrealizedthatitwasnotrighttoaskformoneyforthehouseworkhedidD.themotherwasangrywithwhattheboysaidGComputershavemanyusestoday：Computerscansolvedifficultproblemsandcontrolothermachines.Manypeopleusesmallcomputerscalledcalculators(計(jì)算器)tosolvesimplemathproblemsquickly.Scientistsuselargecomputerstosolvemanyproblemsatthesametime.Youcanplaygameswithcomputers，andsomecomputerscanhelpyoulearnlanguages.TheKurzweilReadingMachineisaspecialkindofcomputer.Itcanreadbooksforblindpeople.TousetheKurzweilmachine，ablindpersoncansimplyopenthebookandputitdownonthescanner(掃描儀).Themachine“reads”thewordsonthepage.Whenonepageisfinished，theblindpersonturnsthepageandputsthebookonthescanneragain.TheKurzweilmachinecanreadinanormalvoiceorinaspecialfastvoice.Itcanreadwordswithsmalllettersandlargeletters.BlindpeopleliketheKurzweilmachinebecausetheycan“read”anythingwithit：newspapers，magazines，books，eventypedletters.ManylibrariesnowhaveKurzweilmachineforblindpeopletouse.TheKurzweilmachinecanalsohelpshortsightedchildrenlearntoread.29.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A.Usesofcomputers. B.Calculators.C.Computerlanguages. D.TheKurzweilReadingMachine.30.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Computerscansolvealltheproblemspeoplecan't.B.Largecomputerscanonlysolveoneproblematonetime.C.WhenusingtheKurzweilmachine，ablindmanneedn'tdoanything.D.TheKurzweilmachinecanhelpnotonlytheblindbutalsotheshortsightedchildren.HAyoungmannamedCharlesLyellhaddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology(地質(zhì)學(xué)).Theearth，accordingtoLyell，wasnotonlythousandsofyearsold，itwasmillionsofyearsold.Asto(關(guān)于)thecommonbeliefthatchangesintheearth’ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorflood，hesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhile，butusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.Hebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftime.Thechanges，hesaid，werecausedbythelong-termactionofthewindsandseas，andbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth’ssurface.Onceinagreatwhilehethought，amountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquake.Butusuallymountainswouldriseslowlyandsteadily.ProfessorHenslowwasinterestedinLyell’sideas，buthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarwincouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.Buttheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleallovertheworld.AtCambridge，CharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexamination，andreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistime，hehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology.Attheendoftheschoolyear，hewenttoNorthWaleswithoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformations(構(gòu)成)andtosearchforfossils(化石).Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings.Theyareusuallyfoundfixedinrocksintheearth’scrust(地殼).Fossilsmaybeofanimals，suchasfish，insects，birds，orhumans.Theymaybeofplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturedies，itusuallydecays(腐爛)oriseatenbyanimals.However，ifitsinksintoariverbed(河床)orisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstorm，thebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappear，leavingtheinsidehollow(空的).Watercontainingmineralentersintothehollow.Slowlythemineralhardensandmakesthebonehardandheavy，likestone.31.AccordingtoCharlesLyell，itismainlythattheearthhasbeenformedliketoday’sshape.A.fromthebeginningoftimeB.pastsomeexperiencesofbigfloodC.overaverylongperiodofyearsD.becauseofseveralbigearthquakes32.CharlesLyellbelievedthefactthatamountainisformed.A.morebyseasthanbyvolcanoesB.moreslowlythansuddenlyC.morebyanearthquakethanbywindsD.moresteadilythanquickly33.UnlikeProfessorHenslow，CharlesDarwin.A.neverthoughtLyell’sideaswererightB.didmadeuphismindnottoacceptLyell’sideasC.thoughtaboutwhattheworldwerethenthinkingaboutD.thoughtoverLyell’sideasanddevelopedthem34.ThemainpurposeofDarwin’sgoingtoNorthWaleswasto.A.makeastudyoffossilsB.appreciatetherockinformationC.todoresearchworkintodeadanimalsD.lookforplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees35.Inwhichorderarefossilsformed?a.Alivingthingsinksintoariverbedorsands.b.Watergoesintoabonehollowtogetherwithmineral.c.Somethingsoftinabonedisappears.d.Thehardenedmineralmakesthebonehard.e.Thebonebecomeshollowinside.A.abcde B.cabed C.acebd D.ecdbaIUnderproperconditions，soundwavesarereflectedfromahillsideorothersuchobstruction(障礙物).Soundtravelsataspeedofaboutone-fifthofamilepersecond.Ifthehilliselevenhundredfeetaway，ittakestwosecondsforthesoundtotraveltothehillandback.Thusbymeasuringthetimebetweenasoundanditsreflectiontheecho(回聲)，youcancalculate(計(jì)算)thedistancetoanobstruction.DuringWorldWarⅡtheBritishmadeapracticaluseofthisruletodiscoverGermanplanesontheirwaytobomb(轟炸)Londonlongbeforetheenemywasneartheobject.Theyusedradiowavesinsteadofsoundwaves，sinceradiowavescanpassthroughfogandclouds.TheoutnumberedRoyalAirForce(RAF)(皇家空軍)alwaysseemedtobelyinginwaitattherighttimeandthepuzzledGermansnevertobesurprised.ItwasradioechoesmorethananythingelsethatwontheBattleofBritain.SincetheradiowaveswereusedtotellthedirectioninwhichtosendtheRAFplanesandthedistancetosendthem［theirrange(距離范圍)offlight，inotherwords］，thedevice(裝置)wascalledradiodirectingandranging，andfromthefirstlettersthewordradar(雷達(dá))wasformed.36.Soundwavesreflectedfromahillcanbeusedtocalculatethe.A.speedofsound B.timebetweenasoundanditsechoC.heightofthehill D.distancetothehill37.TheBritishusedradiowavesbecausethey.A.weremoreexactthansoundwaves B.couldnotbediscoveredC.couldpassthroughfogandclouds D.wereeasiertousethansoundwaves38.Practicaluseofradiowavesbroughtabout.A.newmachinesforplanesB.aradiodirectingandrangingdeviceC.newradiosetsforRAFbombersD.adiscoveringdevice39.RadarallowedBritishtobeableto.A.discoverGermanplanesontheirwaytoLondonB.directtheoutnumberedRAFplaneseffectivelyC.killGermanbomberpilotsD.bothAandB40.Theauthorofthispassagemainlywantedtoexplain.A.exactlyhowradarworkedB.whytheBritishusedradiowavesintheirdeviceC.howradar(wordanddevice)cameintobeingD.howradarhelpedtheBritishwinthebattle答案1.解析：本題屬細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中第二段“Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.”這句話可以看出，只有奶類、魚肉類、蔬菜水果類和米面類四種合理搭配才算是最佳飲食。答案：C2.解析：本題屬細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)均為不良飲食習(xí)慣；文章第二段“Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.Withallthesefoodtogether，youwillbegivenenoughenergyduringtheday.”這句話表明D項(xiàng)為一種好的飲食習(xí)慣。答案：D3.解析：本題屬歸納總結(jié)題。在文章最后一段中作者告訴我們要注意飲食，加點(diǎn)適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻?，才能保持身體健康。選項(xiàng)B、C、D都不全面。答案：A4.解析：本題屬詞義理解題，必須從上下文來理解。從第二段的第二句話“Thediarygrouphasfoodlikemilk，cheeseandsourmilk.”可以看出milk，cheese和sourmilk都是奶或奶制品。答案：B5.解析：watch此處意為“注意”即“takecareof”。答案：D6.解析：根據(jù)第一段第三句話“Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofhumanillnessisrelatedtofood..