how-to-deliver-a-speech教學講解課件

Whatisaspeech?Presenter:丁蕾080412201aInwikipedia,speechisthevocalizedformofhumancommunication.Itisbaseduponthecombinationoflexicalsandnamesthataredrawnfromverylarge(usuallytoabout10,000differentwords)vocabularies.Indictionary,speechistheactofdeliveringaformalspokencommunicationtoaudiences.2aGenerallyspeaking,speechisanactofadressingincertainceremoniesofwelcoming,appreciation,farewell,congratulations,opening,closingandsoon.Tohaveagoodspeech,thespeakernotonlyshouldhaveverygoodEnglishbutalsoshouldknowthecustomsandmannersaboutthecountry.3aWhy&Howsecretariesshouldknowwellaboutspeech?Theworkthesecretariesconcerningforeignaffairsdodeterminesthattheywilloftentakepartinmanyactivitieswithforeigners,andonmanyoccasions,theymayberequiredtogiveapublicspeechinEnglish.4aInordertomakethespeechattactiveandacceptable,thesecretariesshouldknowwhattheyaregoingtosay.First,makeagoodpreparationandwritedownthespeechbeforehand.Then,askformanagers’advice.Next,haveatleasttwocopies,oneformanagerandtheotherforthefiling.5aDifferenttypesofpublicspeechesIntroductorySpeeches

IntroducesomeoneorsomethingtothepublicWelcomingSpeechees

Welcomethehonoredguestswhoarecomingeitherforvisitingorfortechnologicalcommunication.AnsweringSpeeches

Showtheappreciationofkindness6aToastSpeechesBeforethebanquette,oneofthehostsshowbestwishestotheguestsFarewellSpeeches

PartySpeechesBegiventoallkindsofparties,especiallyinsomeimportantoccasionslikeChristmasparty,NewYearpartyandsoon.7aElementsinspeechPresenter：趙文080412028aMainfactorsofspeech1.subject:speaker2.object:audiences3.medium：

language，bodylanguageanddemonstratetools

9a3stepsofspeakingIntroduction&

Opening

ThebeginningofapresentationisveryimportantGoodopportunitytobuildrapportandgaintheirattentionEg.AskaquestionJoke Picture/Slides/Media TellaStoryStateaproblem Letaudiencetointroducehimself10aContentStatementofmessageQuickexampleVisualaid,gamequiz,poem,songrepeatthepointandapplyittotheaudience11aSignposting:1.Nowlet’smoveonto…Beforegoingon,I’dliketomentionthat…2.tostartwith…later…tofinishup..Movingonthenextpoint:Somuchfor…We’velookedat…Developingapoint:1.Furthermore?...2.Translatedintorealterm…12aConclusionCancontainrecommendations/Suggestion/callsforactionMaycontainnewandimportantinformationStatesthelogicalconsequencesofwhathasbeensaid(persuasivepresentation)Eg:OkfinallyI’dliketoturnto…Sotosumup…First…Second…Third…Then…Next…Right,Letstopthere…13a08年專八minilecture==14aGoodmorning,everyone.Today'slectureisaboutthepopularityofEnglish.Asweallknow,Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.AlthoughEnglishisNOTthelanguagewiththelargestnumberofnativeor"first"languagespeakers,ithasreallybecomealinguafranca.Then,whatisalinguafranca?Thetermreferstoalanguagewhichiswidelyadoptedforcommunicationbetweentwospeakerswhosenativelanguagesaredifferentfromeachother's,andwhereoneorbothspeakersareusingitasa"second"language.Forexample,whenanIndiantalkstoaSingaporeanusingEnglish,thenEnglishisthelinguafranca.Then,actuallyhowmanypeoplespeakEnglishaseithera"first"ora"second"language?Someresearcherssuggestedafewyearsagothatbetween320-380millionpeoplespokeEnglishasafirstlanguage,andanywherebetween250-350millionasasecondlanguage.Andofcourse,ifweincludepeoplewhoarelearningEnglishasaforeignlanguageallovertheworld,thatnumbermayincreasedramatically.Then,wemayaskaquestion:howdidEnglishgetthere?Thatis,howdidEnglishgainthepresentstatusofpopularity?Thereare,infact,anumberofinterlockingreasonsforthepopularityofEnglishasalinguafranca.Manyofthereasonsarehistorical,buttheyalsoincludeeconomicandculturalfactorsthathaveinfluencedandsustainedthespreadofthelanguage.Let'sgothroughthereasonsonebyone.15aFirstisthehistoricalreason.Thisisrelatedtothecolonialhistory.Asweknow,whenthePilgrimFatherslandedontheMassachusettscoastin1620,aftertheirjourneyfromEngland,theybroughtwiththemnotjustasetofreligiousbeliefs,apioneeringspiritoradesireforcolonization,butalsotheirlanguage.AlthoughmanyyearslatertheAmericansbrokeawayfromtheircolonialmaster,thelanguageofEnglishremained,andstilldoes.ItwasthesameinAustralia,too.WhenCommanderPhilipplantedtheBritishflaginSydneyCoveon26thJan.1788.itwasnotjustabunchofBritishconvictsandtheirguardians,butalsoalanguage.InotherpartsoftheformerBritishEmpire,Englishrapidlybecameaunifyingordominatingmeansofcontrol.Forexample,itbecamealinguafrancainIndia,whereavarietyofindigenouslanguagesmadetheuseofanyoneofthemasawhole-countrysystem/problematic.So,theimpositionofEnglishastheonelanguageofadministrationhelpedmaintainthecolonizer'scontrolandpower.Thus,Englishtraveledaroundmanypartsoftheworldinthosedays,andlongafterthatcolonialpowerhasfadedaway,itisstillwidelyusedasamainoratleastaninstitutionallanguageincountriesasfarapartasJamaicaandPakistan,Uganda,andNewZealand.Thatisthefirstfactor.Now,thesecondmajorfactorinthespreadofEnglishhasbeenthespreadofcommercethroughouttheworld:thespreadofinternationalcommercehastakenEnglishalongwithit.Thisisthe20th-centuryphenomenonof"globalization".Therefore,oneofthefirstsightsmanytravelersseewhenarrivingincountriesasdiverseasBrazil,China,forexample,istheyellowtwin-archedsignofaMcDonald'sfastfoodrestaurant,orsomeotherfamousbrands'outlets.Andwithoutdoubt,Englishisusedasthelanguageofcommunicationintheinternationalbusinesscommunity.16aAndthethirdfactorrelatedtothepopularuseofEnglishistheboomininternationaltravel.Andyouwillfindthatmuchtravelandtourismiscarriedon,aroundtheworld,inEnglish.Ofcourse,thisisNOTalwaysthecase,asthemutilingualismofmanytourismworkersindifferentcountriesdemonstrate.But,avisittomostairportsontheglobewillshowsignsnotonlyinthelanguageofthatcountry,butalsoinEnglish,justasmanyairlineannouncementsarebroadcastinEnglish,too,whateverthelanguageofthecountrytheairportissituatedin.Sofar,Englishisalsothepreferredlanguageofairtrafficcontrolinmanycountriesandisusedwidelyinseatravelcommunication.Anotherfactorhassomethingtodowithinformationexchangearoundtheworld.Asweallknow,agreatdealofacademicdiscoursearoundtheworldtakesplaceinEnglish.Itisoftenalinguafrancaofconferences,forexample,andmanyjournalarticlesinfieldsasdiverseasastronomy,childpsychologyandzoologyhaveEnglishasakindofdefaultlanguage.ThelastfactorIcitehereconcernspopularculture.Inthewesternworld,atleast,Englishisadominatinglanguageinpopularculture.PopmusicinEnglishcanbeheardonmanyradios.ThusmanypeoplewhoarenotEnglishspeakerscansingwordsfromtheirfavouriteEnglishmediumsongs.Andmanypeoplewhoareregularcinemagoersor(TVviewers)canfrequentlyhearEnglishinsubtitledfilmscomingoutoftheUSA.Now,tosumup,intoday'slecture,wehavereviewedsomeofthereasonsorfactorsthatliebehindthepopularuseofEnglishasthenumberoneworldlanguage.Beforewefinish,Iwouldliketoleaveafewquestionsforyoutothinkabout:IsthestatusofEnglishasthenumber-oneworldlanguageassuredinthefuture?Willitsplitintovarietiesthatbecomelessmutuallyintelligible?ORwillsomeotherlanguageorlanguagestaketheplaceofEnglishasworldlanguageinfuture?Thesequestionsarenoteasytoanswer,Iknow,buttheyaredefinitelyworthponderingoverafterthelecture.OK,thisbringsustotheendoftoday'slecture.Thankyouforyourattention.17aHowtoprepareaspeech?Presenter:馮靜0804122118aImpromptu:usually20minsforpreparationPrepared:usuallypreparedscripts,recite19aPreparation(CriticalThinking)FormatisusedtodeliverCONTENT!AndCONTENTcomesfromyourknowledge!HowmuchdoyouknowaboutChina,InternationalIssuesandbusinessissueswhichisgoingon?Directlinkagethroughthespeech!Getbacktothemotion/topic!20aImpromptuSpeech

ClearFormat

Beginningseveralsentencestostartthewholespeech,usuallyintroduction,statusquo,whatareyougoingtochange/meaningofthemotion/speechBodypart:usually3pointeachparagraphbeginswithanargument(Transitions!!!)AssertionReasoningEvidenceLinkageConclusion:Theeffectofthemotion/Whatyou’vebroughttotheaudience21aExerciseKeepaskingWHY?????Trytoanalyseitfromdifferentperspectives!Eg.Abortion/Obesity/IndividualsGovernmentInternationalSocietyDomesticSocietyIfowningacarbringyoubenefit?Whyorwhynot?Whytalkaboutthismotion？

Whatisthestatusquo?Whatproblemswillitbringtous?Whatbenefitswillitbringtous?

22aFormatBeginningWhenthinkingof…whatcanyoutell?TodayI’mgoingtalksomethingabout…Thereasonwhywecarrythistopicontostageisbecause…Let’sseethestatusquo…LaterI’llshowwiththefollowing3points1…2…3…BodyMy1st-3rdpointis….+Reasoning+EvidenceConclusionHereismyconclusionfortoday……Accordingtothe3pointsI’vementionedtoday1…2…3…Ibelieve……23aPreparedSpeechStucture:doesn’tnecessarilybewith3pointsmaybefreestyle,butstillshouldbelogicalandeasyfortheaudiencetocatchupwith.Foreachidea/argumentAssertionReasoningEvidenceLinkageLanguageSoundWelcoming!Shouldbewellpolished!Transition!Soimportant!24aHowtodeliveraspeechPresenter:俞丹楓25aIntroductionIfyouarenervousorinexperienced,youwillprobablywanttochoosetoreadyourspeechfromascriptorfromnotes.here'salookateachoption.26aMajorOptionsReadingFromaScriptUsingNotesRecitingFromMemory27aReadingFromaScriptReadingyourentirespeechfromascriptconfidenceensuringthatnothingisforgotten.theleastdesirableoption28aReasonmoredifficulttoseeyouraudienceharderforthemtogetemotionallyinvestedinyou.extremelydifficulttodeliveryourspeechtoyouraudience29aUsingNotesnotconfidentenoughtoreciteyourspeechtheuseofnotesisamoredesirableoption30aContentkeywordsorpointsofyourspeechmaintainingthethreadofyourspeechforthemostpartspeakingdirectlytotheaudience.31aRecitingFromMfortablespeakingpublicly,andnotpronetolossofconcentrationbeingcarefulnottoslipintoaboringrecitation.32aSummaryIfyoustronglyfavoroneoption,thengoforit.Ifusinganywritten(orprinted)materialsduringyourspeechbeawarethatthetextshouldbeinlargeprintandclearlyordered.33aSpeechDeliveryTipsPresenter:張雨文0804122334aSpeechDeliveryTips

WellpresentedappearanceBepoliteBeclearBeshortBeyourself35awellpresentedappearance36aBepoliteDon’tuseroughwordsandalwayskeepinmindandcourteous.Remembertouseappropriatepoliteexpressionsondifferentoccasions.DonotfidgetormakeothernervousgestureswithyourhandsDonotkeepyourhandsinyourpocketsMakeeyecontactwithyouraudience.37aBeclearThespeechshouldbedevelopedrightaroundthetopic.Don’ttalksomethingirrelevantandtryyourbesttomakethespeechlogicalandeasytobeunderstand.Speakclearly,andadjustyourvoicesothateveryonecanhearyou.38aBeshortOnthemostoccasions,apublicspeechshouldnotbetoolong.Thespeakersaregenerallytoldabouthowlongtheyareexpectedtospeak,sodonotexceedthetimelimit.Trytotakeyourtimespeaking39aBeyourselfConfidentsmileNicevoiceSpeakwithpassionAllowyourownpersonalitytoshineinyourspeech40aDifferentSpeechStylesPresenter:周倩0701310941aDifferentSpeechStyle·Peoplewhogivespeechestypicallydosowithanidentifiablestyle.·Thestyleofspeechisnormallydictatedbythepurposeandcircumstanceofthespeechitself.·Somepeoplechooseaspeechstylebecauseitismorecomfortableandallowsthemtodeliveraspeechmoreeffectively,whileothersaremorecomfortableadjustingspeechstylebasedonspecificsituations,includingsubjectmatter,purposeandaudience.42aSocialSpeechItisverymuchliketeachingthoseyouarespeakingto.Thisspeechstyleistypicallyfocusedandtothepointbecausethespeakeraims