2020年英語課程標準英文版(譯文)

英語課程標準英文版

NewEnglishCurriculumforChinesePrimarySchoolsandJunior/SeniorMiddleSchools

ExperimentalVersiondraftedbytheEducationMinistryofthePRC

Noteonthistranslation

ThisEnglishversionofChina'snewcurriculumforEnglishisintendedforVSOvolunteers

whowouldliketofeelbetterinformedaboutadocumentthatiscentraltoourwork.

However,itshouldinnowayberegardedasanofficialtranslation.Infact,itisneithera

wordforwordtranslationnorasummary.Theappendixtotheoriginal,whichincludeslists

ofspecificlanguageitemstobemastered,hasbeenomitted,ashavesomelevel

descriptorsandsamplelearningactivities.Despitetryingtomakeitmorereadable,this

versionreflectstherepetitivenatureoftheoriginal,withthesamekeywordscroppingup

overandoveragain.Volunteersshouldalsorefertothemoreofficial(butstillnot

completelyofficial!)translationofthenewEnglishcurriculumspecificallyforseniormiddle

schoolsavailablefromtheProgrammeOffice.Anyfeedbackonthisversionwouldbe

welcome.

TimMartin

ShaanxiInstituteofEducation,October2005

Part1:Introduction

Withtheadventoftheinformationageandtheglobaleconomy,Englishhasbecome

increasinglyimportant.Englishisthedominantcarrierofinformationandthemostwidely

spokenlanguageintheworld.ManycountrieshavemadeEnglishacornerstoneofquality

educationwhendevelopingstrategiesforbasiceducation.

SinceChina'sreformandopening,thescaleofitsEnglisheducationhascontinuallygrown,

attendedbysignificantachievementsinteachingandlearning.However,Englisheducation

initscurrentformisfailingtomeettheneedsofcontemporarysocialandeconomic

development.

ThecurrentroundofreformstotheEnglishcurriculumaimtoendthefollowingpractices:

IOver-emphasizingthetransmissionandexplanationofknowledgeaboutgrammarand

vocabulary

INeglectingtodevelopstudents'abilitytouselanguageforreal

Intheirplace,thereformsaimtoestablishacurriculumthat:

IDevelopsstudents'comprehensivelanguagecompetence

IMotivatesstudents,isrelevanttotheirlifeexperiencesandcognitivelevel

IPromotestask-basedteachingmethods

IInvolvesstudentsinexperiential,practical,participatoryandcooperativelearning

IDevelopsstudents'positiveattitudes,thinkingsk川s,practicalabilities,cultural

awarenessandautonomythroughthelanguagelearningprocess

1.TheNatureoftheNewCurriculum

ThenewEnglishcurriculumstrivestoaccomplishfarmorethanjusthelpstudentslearn

English.AtonelevellearningEnglishshouldinvolvehelpingstudentst

IDevelopacertainlevelofcomprehensivelanguagecompetenceandtheabilitytouse

languageforrealcommunication

IMastercertainbasiclanguageknowledge

IMasterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills

However,atanotherlevelthecurriculumshouldalsoservestudents'all-round

development,providingthemwithopportunitiest

IStrengthentheirinterestinstudyingEnglish

IGrowinself-discipline,perseveranceandself-confidence

IImprovetheircooperative,investigativeandthinkingabilities

IDeveloptheirmemory,imaginationandcreativity

IAdoptgoodstudyhabitsandeffectivelearningstrategies

IDevelopasautonomousandlifelonglearners

IBuildmoralintegrityandahealthyoutlookonlife

IEstablishbothnationalspiritandanawarenessofandrespectforculturaldifferences

IBroadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlifeexperience

ITakepartinculturallife

IDevelopasindividuals

2.BasicPrinciplesoftheNewCurriculum

2.1Thecurriculumpromotesqualityeducation(asopposedtoexam-orientatededucation)

andtheall-rounddevelopmentofthestudents

Topromotequalityeducationparticularattentionmustbepaidt

IValuingeachstudent'sfeelings

IStimulatingstudents'interestinstudyingEnglish

IHelpingstudentsgainasenseofachievementandself-confidence

Thecurriculummustgobeyonddevelopingstudents'comprehensivelanguage

competencetoincludeareassuchas:

IImprovingstudents'abilitytocontributetoculturalandsociallife

IDevelopingstudents7practicalabilities

IFosteringstudents'creativity

2.2Thecurriculumobjectivesareholisticandflexible.

ThefundamentalaimofthenewEnglishcurriculumistodevelopstudents'comprehensive

languagecompetence.Thisaimisbrokendownintofivegeneralobjectives.These

objectivesarethendividedintonineabilitylevelswithdescriptorsprovidedforeachlevel.

Thefivegeneralobjectivesare:

1.LanguageSkills

2.LanguageKnowledge

3.AttitudestoLearning

4.LearningStrategies

5.CulturalAwareness

Thisdesignallowsstudentstoprogresssystematicallythrougheachlevelwhilstmeeting

thefullrangeofthecurriculum'sdemands.

2.3Studentsareputatthecentreofthecurriculumandindividualdifferencesarerespected

Students'mustbeattheheartofthenewcurriculum.Forexample,theirdevelopmental

needsmustbethecentralconsiderationwhendeveloping:

ICurriculumobjectives

ITheteachingandlearningprocess

ITheassessmentprocess

ITeachingandlearningresources

Whenimplementingthecurriculumeachstudentmustbeallowedtodevelopindividually

undertheguidanceoftheteacher:

2.4Thecurriculumpromotesactivity-basedmethods,experientialandparticipatory

learning

Thecurriculumpromotestask-basedlearningwhereby,undertheguidanceoftheteacher,

thestudentsgainasenseofachievementbyreachingthegoalsofthetask.Task

completionwillinvolvethefollowingtypesoflearning:

ISensory

IExperiential

I'HandsonVpractical

IParticipatory

ICooperative

Inordertoimprovetheirabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication,studentsshould

alsobeablet

IAdjusttheirlearningstrategiesandcontroltheiremotions

IFormpositiveattitudestowardslearning

2.5Thecurriculumrecognizestheimportantroleofformativeassessmentinpromoting

student7development

Theassessmentsystemshouldcombineformativewithsummativeassessment.The

purposesofassessmentshouldbet

IPromotestudents'comprehensivelanguagecompetence

IEncourageandmotivatestudents

IHelpstudentsbecomemoreautonomouslearners

IBenefitstudents'healthypersonaldevelopment

IGiveteachersusefulfeedbackfromwhichtodevelopteachingandlearning

IInformtheongoingdevelopmentandperfectionoftheEnglishcurriculum

FormativeassessmentshouldbeanimportantpartoftheEnglishteachingandlearning

processwithaparticularemphasison:

IEncouragingstudents'activeparticipationinlearning

IImprovingstudents'self-confidence

Summativeassessmentshouldfocuson:

ITestingstudents'integratedlanguageskills

ITestingstudents'abilitytouselanguage

2.6Thecurriculumexpandstherangeoflearningresourcesandopportunitiesavailable

Thecurriculumshouldstrivetouseanddevelopresourceswhosecontentis:

IRealistic

IClosetothestudents'lives

IContemporary

IHealthy

IRichandvaried

Activeuseshouldbemadeof:

IAudiovisualmaterial

IPrintmedia

ITheInternet

Studentsshouldbeencouragedtotakeresponsibilityforfinding,usinganddeveloping

learningresourcesthemselves.

3.TheCurriculumDesign

Thecurriculumfollowstheinternationalpracticeofdividingthegeneralobjectivesinto

differentabilitylevels.Whendesigningtheseninelevelsconsiderationwasgiventothe

following:

IThenatureoflanguagedevelopment

IThedifferentneedsofdifferentagegroups

ITheneedsofdifferentethnicgroupsandareas

ITheeconomicimbalancesthatexistinChina

Theaimistohavedesignedasystemthatisholisticandflexible.

Thecorrespondencebetweenthelevelsystemandthegradesystemisshowninthe

followingdiagram:

PrimarySchoolWorktowards:Notes

Grade3Level1StudentsshouldstartstudyingEnglishinGrade3

Grade4Level1

Grade5Level2

Grade6Level2Therequiredstandardfortheendofprimaryschool

JuniorMiddleSchoolWorktowards:Notes

Grade7(=Junior1)Level3

Grade8(=Junior2)Level4

Grade9(=Junior3)Level5Therequiredstandardfortheendofjuniormiddle

school

SeniorMiddleSchoolWorktowards:Notes

Senior1Level6

Senior2Level7

Senior3Level8Therequiredstandardforseniormiddleschool

graduation

Level9Anextensionlevelforspecialistschoolsandable

students

Diagram1:TheLevelsandtheGrades

Part2:IntroductiontoTheGeneralObjectives

Thefundamentalaimofthenewcurriculumistodevelopstudents'comprehensive

languagecompetence.Thiscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceisachievedthroughthe

fivegeneralobjectivesasshowninthefollowingdiagram:

Diagram3:ComparisonoftheOldandNewCurriculums

ILanguageskillsandknowledgeformthebasisofcomprehensivelanguagecompetence

IThestudents'attitudestolearningstronglyinfluencetheirlearninganddevelopment

ISuccessfullearningstrategiesimprovetheeffectivenessofstudents'learning

ICulturalawarenessensuresstudentsuselanguageappropriately

Theoveralldescriptorsforcomprehensivelanguagecompetence(i.e.acombinationofall

fivegeneralobjectives)forLevels1to9arepresentedbelow:

r

LevelDescriptors

1StudentsarecuriousaboutEnglishandenjoylisteningtopeoplespeakingEnglish.

Theycan:

1Playgames,doactionsandactivities(e.g.colouring,joininglines)according

tosimpleinstructionsfromtheteacher

1Performsimpleroleplays

1SingsimpleEnglishsongs

1Saysimplerhymesandchants

1Understandsimplestoriesbywiththeaidofpictures

1Communicatesimplepersonalinformation

1Expresssimplefeelingsandattitudes

1Writelettersandwords

1TakeinterestinforeignculturalcustomsmetduringlearningEnglish

2StudentsshowasustainedinterestinandenjoymentoflearningEnglish.They

can:

1UsesimpleEnglishgreetingsandexchangepersonalinformationand

informationaboutfamilyandfriends

1Performdialogues,songs,rhymesandchantsaboutcontenttheyhavestudied

1Understandandnarratesimplestorieswiththeaidofpictures

1Writesimplesentenceswiththeaidofpicturesorprompts

1Participateandcooperateactivelyandhappily

1Taketheinitiativetoaskforhelp

1Enjoylearningaboutothercountries'culturesandcustoms

3Studentsshowapositiveattitudeandthebeginningsofself-confidencetowards

learningEnglish.Theycan:

1Understandshortandsimplestoriesaboutfamiliartopicsthattheyhear

1Exchangeinformationaboutfamiliartopics(e.g.school,familylife)withthe

teacherorclassmates

1Readandunderstandshortstoriesandothersimplewrittenmaterial

1Writesimplesentenceswiththeaidofexamplesorpictures

1Takepartinsimpleroleplaysandactivities

1Attempttousesuitablelearningstrategiestoovercomedifficulties

encounteredduringstudy

1Identifyculturaldifferencesthatarepresentwhencommunicatinginaforeign

language

4Studentscanidentifytheirownlearningneedsandtargetsandarefairly

self-confidentaboutlearningEnglish.Theycan:

1Listentoandunderstanddialoguesandshortstoriesineveryday

communication

1Communicateinformationandsimpleopinionsaboutfamiliareverydaytopics

1Writebriefandsimpleletters

1Attempttousedifferenteducationalresources

1Gaininformationfromoralandwrittenmaterialstoextendtheirknowledge,

solvesimpleproblemsanddescriberesults

1Helpeachothertoovercomedifficultiesencounteredduringlearning

1Planandarrangesensiblelearningactivities

1Activelyexplorelearningstrategiessuitableforthemselves

1TakenoteofculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandothercountriesduring

studyandcommunication

5Studentsshowclearmotivationandapositive,activeattitudetowardslearning

English.Theycan:

1Listentoandunderstandtheteacher'sstatementsaboutfamiliartopicsand

takepartindiscussions

1Exchangeinformationwithothersandexpressopinionsaboutvarioustopicsin

dailylife

1Readandunderstandtexts,newspapersandmagazinessuitableforGrades7

-9,overcomingthebarrierofunknownwordstounderstandthemainideas

1Useappropriatereadingstrategiesaccordingtothepurposeofreading

1Draftandeditshortcompositionsaccordingwiththeaidofprompts

1Cooperatewithotherstocompletetasks,solveproblemsandreportresults

1Assesstheirownlearningandsummarizetheirownlearningstyle

1Makeuseofawidevarietyofresources

1Furtherincreasetheirunderstandingandawarenessofculturaldifferences

6StudentsshowfurthermotivationtostudyEnglishandagrowingawarenessof

autonomouslearning.Theycan:

1Understandtheviewpointsexpressedinoralorwrittenmaterialsandstate

theirownview

1Effectivelyuseoralorwrittenlanguagetodescribepersonalexperience

1Plan,organizeandcarryoutavarietyofEnglishlearningactivitieswiththe

teacher'sassistance

1Taketheinitiativetoexploitarangeoflearningresourcesandgain

informationthroughmultiplechannels

1Adjusttheirownlearningobjectivesandstrategiesaccordingtotheresultsof

self-assessment

1Understandtheculturalbackgroundtoandconnotationsoflanguageduring

communication

7StudentsshowclearandsustainedmotivationtostudyEnglishandaclear

awarenessofautonomouslearning.Theycan:

1Exchangeinformation,askquestions,giveopinionsandadviceaboutafairly

widerangeoftopics

1Readandunderstandoriginaltextsandnewspapersthathavebeenadapted

forseniormiddleschoolstudents

1Shownascentskillinwritingcompositionssuchasnoticesandlettersof

information

1Taketheinitiativetoplan,organizeandcarryoutarangeoflanguagepractice

activities

1Takeresponsibilityforusingawidevarietyoflearningresourcestopromote

study

1Monitortheirownlearningtocontinuetoformlearningstrategiessuitablefor

themselves

1Understandculturaldifferencesincommunicationandfurtherformwide

culturalawareness

8Studentsshowstrongself-confidenceandabilitytolearnautonomously.Theycan:

1CommunicatefairlynaturallywithotherEnglishspeakersaboutfamiliartopics

1Expressevaluativecommentsaboutthecontentoforalorwrittenmaterials

1Writecoherentandfullystructuredshortcompositions

1Takeresponsibilityforplanning,organizingandcarryingoutarangeof

languagepracticeactivitiessuchasdiscussion,decisionmaking,andreporting

experimentandsurveyresults

1Usetheinternetandvariousotherresourcestogatherandprocess

informationeffectively

1ConsciouslyevaluatelearningoutcomesandformeffectiveEnglishlearning

strategies

1Understandtheculturalconnotationsandbackgroundduringcommunication

andadoptarespectfulandtolerantattitudetowardsculturesofdifferentcountries

9Studentsareautonomouslearners.Theycan:

1Listentoandunderstandthemaincontentofspeeches,discussions,debates

andreportsonfamiliartopics

1Discussandexpresstheirattitudesandopinionsabouttopicsofuniversal

importanceinsideandoutsideChina,suchastheenvironment,population,peace,

development,etc

1Actasaninterpreterineverydaylife

1MakethemostofavarietyofopportunitiestouseEnglishforreal

communication

1Readpopularscienceandliteraturearticleswithfairlywiderangingsubjects

withtheaidofadictionary

1Usecommongenres/texttypestocompleteordinarywritingtasksandhave

nascentabilitytowriteinaliteraryway

IExpandandenrichlearningresourcesautonomously

IDisplaystrongglobalawareness

Table1:TheOverallDescriptorsforComprehensiveLanguageCompetence

Part3:TheGeneralObjectivesinDetail

DetaileddescriptorsforLevels2and5ofeachofthefivegeneralobjectivesarepresented

inthefollowingtables.PleaserefertothetranslationoftheseniorEnglishcurriculum

(availablefromtheVSOProgrammeOffice)forLevel6-9descriptors.

LevelSkillDescriptorsforLanguageSkills

ListeningStudentscan:

1.Understandsimpleliveorrecordedspeechwiththeaidofpictures

andimages

2.Understandsimplestorieswiththeaidofpictures

3.Understandsimplequestionsduringclassroomactivities

4.Understandcommoninstructionsandrespondappropriately

SpeakingStudentscan:

1.Speakwithclearpronunciationandcanconveyintonation

2.Takepartinsimpledialoguesaboutfamiliarpersonalandfamily

information

3.Usesomecommondailyexpressions(e.g.greetings,farewells,

thanks,apologies,etc.)

4.Tellsimplestorieswiththeteacher'shelp

ReadingStudentscan:

1.Readandrecognizeallwordsstudied

2.Readaloudsimplewordsaccordingtospellingrules

3.Understandshortandsimpleinstructionsintextbooks

4.Understandinformationexpressedinsimpletextslikegreetings

cards

5.Understandsimplestoriesorshortpassageswiththeaidofpictures

andformthehabitofreadingforoverallcomprehension

6.Readaloudaccuratelyallthestoriesandpassagesstudied

WritingStudentscan:

1.Copyexamplesentences

2.Writesimplegreetings

3.Writeshortandsimpleheadingsanddescriptionstofitpicturesor

objects

4.Usecapitalizationandpunctuationwithbasicaccuracy

OtherStudentscan:

1.UsesimpleEnglishtoplaygames

2.Performshortstoriesorfairytaleswiththeteacher'shelp

3.Say30-40simplenurseryrhymesorchants

4.Perform30-40Englishsongs

5.UnderstandEnglishcartoonsandprogrammesofasuitablelevel

(onaverage20-25minutesperweek)

5ListeningStudentscan:

1.Understandspeakers7intentionsaccordingtotheirstressand

intonation

2.Understandandextractinformationandviewpointsfromtalkabout

familiartopics

3.Understandthemainideas,usingcontextualcluestodealwith

unfamiliarwords

4.Understandstoriesandnarrativesspokenatnearnaturalspeed,

includingtheircauseandeffectstructures

5.Reactinasuitablewaytowhatisheard

6.Takesimplenotesaboutwhatisheard

SpeakingStudentscan:

1.Provideinformation,expresssimpleviewsandopinionsandtake

partindiscussionsaboutsimpletopics

2.Exchangeinformationandcooperatewithotherstocompletetasks

3.Correctoneselfappropriatelyduringspeech

4.Inquireforinformationandaskforhelpeffectively

5.Carryoutsituationaldialoguesaccordingtodifferenttopics

6.PerformshortplaysinEnglish

7.Uusenaturalpronunciationandintonationandanappropriatetone

duringtheaboveactivities

ReadingStudentscan:

1.Inferthemeaningofnewwordsfromthecontextandword

formationrules

2.Uunderstandthelogicalrelationshipsbetweeneachsentenceina

paragraph

3.Pickoutthemainideasintextsandunderstandtheplotinstories,

predictingitsdevelopmentandpossibleendings

4.Understandreadingmaterialofdifferentcommongenres/text

types

5.Useappropriatereadingstrategiestofindinformationaccordingto

differentreadingpurposes

6.Usedictionariesandotherreferencematerialtocarryoutlearning

7.Hhavereadmaterialotherthanthatincludedinthetextbook,

totalingover150000words

WritingStudentscan:

1.Gatherandorganizematerialaccordingtothepurposeofthe

writing

2.Ddraftshortlettersandpassagesindependently,editingthemwith

theteacher'sguidance

3.Usecommonlinkingdevicestoexpressoneselffluentlyand

logicallyinwriting

4.Writesimpledescriptionsofpeopleorthings

5.Wwritesimpleparagraphs,instructionsandexplanationsaccording

topromptsgiveninpicturesortables

Table2:LevelDescriptorsforLanguageSkillsObjective

N.B.TheoriginalincludesLanguageSkillsdescriptorsforLevels1,3,4,6,7,8and9

LevelKnowledgeDescriptorsforLanguageKnowledge

2PronunciationStudentscan

1.Knowincorrectpronunciationcanaffectcommunication

2.Knowhowtosaythealphabet

3.Understandsimplespellingrules

4.Understandwordshavestresspatterns

5.Pronounceclearlywithnaturalintonation

VocabularyStudentscan:

1.Learnthe600-700wordsand50orsocommonexpressions

associatedwiththetopicsforthisunit

2.Uunderstandwordsareformedfromletters

GrammarStudentscan:

1.Knownounshavesingularandpluralforms

2.Knowthedifferencebetweenthemainpronouns

3.Knowverbscanchangeformsindifferentsituations

4.Understandprepositionstoexpresstime,placeandposition

5.UnderstandthebasicformsandfunctionsofsimpleEnglish

sentences

FunctionsStudentscanunderstandthebasicformsforexpressingsimple

communicativefunctionssuchasgreetings,farewells,thanks,

acceptingapologies,introductions,requests,etc.

TopicsStudentscanunderstandandexpresssimpleinformationaboutthe

followingtopics:numbers,colours,time,weather,food,clothes,toys,

plantsandanimals,thebody,personalandfamilycircumstances,

school,friends,hobbiesandsports,festivals,etc.

5PhoneticsStudentscan:

1.Understandthesignificanceofphoneticswithinlanguage

learning

2.UunderstandEnglishphoneticsincludespronunciation,stress,

linking,intonationandrhythm

3.Speakwithbasicallyaccurate,naturalandfluentpronunciation

andintonationindailycommunication

4.Understandandexpressdifferentintentionsbyalteringstress

andintonationappropriately

5.Spellwordsandphrasesaccordingtotheirpronunciation

VocabularyStudentscan:

1.UnderstandEnglishvocabularyincludessuchitemsaswords,

phrases,expressionsandcollocations

2.Understandanddistinguishbetweenthebasic