2023年考研考博-考博英語-浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案

2023年考研考博-考博英語-浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題Fullfacetransplantsarenolongersciencefictionfantasy,aleadingsurgeonhassaid,addingthattheyaretechnically（21）butethicallycomplex.PeterButlerfromLondon’sRoyalFreeHospital（22）adebateontheethicsofsuchan（23）madepossiblebynewdrugswhichstopthebody’simmunesystem（24）atransplantedface.“Itisnot‘canwedoit?’but‘shouldwedoit’?”,hetoldBBC.“The（25）partisnotcomplex,andIdon’tthinkthat’sgoingtobetheverygreat（26）.Theethicalandmoraldebateis（27）goingtohavetotakeplace（28）thefirstfacialtransplantation.”TheBritishAssociationofPlasticSurgeonswilldiscussthemicro-surgical（29）,whichshouldgivenewskin,bone,nose,chin,lipsandearsfromdeceaseddonorstopatientsdisfiguredbyaccidents,bumsorcancer.Butsurgeonscouldhavetroublefindingenough（30）donors.Butlersaidhis（31）ofdoctors,nursesandmembersofthepublicshowedmostwould（32）afacetransplantbutfewwerewillingto（33）theirownafterdying.Despiteanumberofethical（34）,ChristinePiff,whofoundedthecharityLet’sFaceItaftersufferinga（35）facialcancer25yearsago,welcomedthe（36）offacetransplants.Sherejectedtheideathattheprocedurewouldmeanpeoplewouldendup（37）withadeadperson’sface.“Therearesomanypeoplewithoutfaces,Ihavehalfaface...butweareallsomuchmorethanjustaface...youdon’t（38）theirresponsibility.Youarestillyou,”shetoldreporters.“Ifwecandonateother（39）ofthebodythenwhynottheface.Ican’tseeanything（40）withit.”問題1選項(xiàng)A.acceptableB.feasibleC.predictableD.understandable問題2選項(xiàng)A.calledupB.calledonC.calledforD.calledin問題3選項(xiàng)A.answerB.optionC.operationD.approach問題4選項(xiàng)A.torejectB.rejectC.rejectingD.rejected問題5選項(xiàng)A.technicalB.actualC.ethicalD.scientific問題6選項(xiàng)A.easeB.skillC.techniqueD.difficulty問題7選項(xiàng)A.attractivelyB.adequatelyC.eagerlyD.obviously問題8選項(xiàng)A.untilB.exceptC.beforeD.after問題9選項(xiàng)A.procedureB.measureC.possibilityD.solution問題10選項(xiàng)A.possibleB.obligedC.likelyD.willing問題11選項(xiàng)A.examinationB.checkC.surveyD.visit問題12選項(xiàng)A.receiveB.rejectC.acceptD.offend問題13選項(xiàng)A.replaceB.donateC.allowD.agree問題14選項(xiàng)A.concernsB.remarksC.commentsD.dislikes問題15選項(xiàng)A.frequentB.habitualC.rareD.scarce問題16選項(xiàng)A.difficultyB.possibilityC.customD.point問題17選項(xiàng)A.toliveB.livingC.liveD.lived問題18選項(xiàng)A.takeinB.takebackC.takeonD.takeaway問題19選項(xiàng)A.functionsB.portionsC.sharesD.organs問題20選項(xiàng)A.wrongB.reasonableC.successfulD.unlikely2.單選題Traditionally,thewomanhasheldalowpositioninmarriagepartnerships.Whileherhusbandwenthisway,shehadtowash,stitchandsew.Todaythemoveistoliberatethewoman,whichmayintheendstrengthenthemarriageunion.Perhapsthegreatestobstacletofriendshipinmarriageistheamountacoupleusuallyseeofeachother.Friendshipinitsusualsenseisnottestedbythestrainofdaily,year-longcohabitation.Couplesneedtotakeupseparateinterests(andfriendship)aswellasmutuallysharedones,iftheyarenottogetusedtothemoreattractiveelementsofeachother’spersonalities.Marriedcouplesarelikelytoexertthemselvesforguests—beingamusing,discussingwithpassionandpoint—andthentofallintodullexhaustedsilencewhentheguestshavegone.Asinallfriendship,ahusbandandwifemusttrytointeresteachother,andtospendsufficienttimesharingabsorbingactivitiestogivethemcontinuingcommoninterests.Butatthesametimetheymustspendenoughtimeonseparateinterestswithseparatepeopletopreserveanddeveloptheirseparatepersonalitiesandkeeptheirrelationshipfresh.Fortoomanyhighlyintelligentworkingwomen,homerepresentschoreobligations,becausethehusbandonlytoleratesherworkanddoesnotparticipateinhouseholdchores.Fortoomanyhighlyintelligentworkingmen,homerepresentsdullnessandcomplaints—fromanover-dependentwifewhowillnotgathercouragetomakeherownlife.Insuchanatmosphere,thepartnersgrowfurtherandfurtherapart,bothloveandlikingdisappearing.Fortoomanycoupleswithchildren,thechildrenareallowedtocommandalltimeandattention,allowingthecouplenotimetodeveloplikingandfriendship,aswellaslove,allottingthemexclusiveparentalroles.41.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?42.Thepassagesuggeststhatmarriedcouplesbecome（）.43.Thepassageseemstoindicateattheendthatchildren（）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.Friendshipinmarriagemeansdaily,year-longcohabitation.B.Friendshipcanbekeptfreshbybothseparateandsharedinterests.C.Friendshipinmarriageisbasedondevelopingsimilarinterests.D.Friendshipinmarriageisbasedondevelopingseparateinterests.問題2選項(xiàng)A.unfriendlywithguestsB.uninterestedinguestsC.hostilewhenguestshaveleftD.quietwhenguesthaveleft問題3選項(xiàng)A.helpcouplesreinforcetheirfriendshipB.makenoimpactonthequalityoffriendshipC.mayposeobstaclesinmaritalfriendshipD.commandlesstimeandcarethanexpected3.單選題Governmenthealthorganizationshavefosteredanawarenessofthedangersincertainsocialhabits.問題1選項(xiàng)A.includedB.discoveredC.cultivatedD.discouraged4.單選題Inaccordancewiththenewregulations,youareentitledtothreedaysofpaidsickleaveeverymonth.問題1選項(xiàng)A.AccordingtoB.CarryingonC.LookingthroughD.Puttingout5.單選題Ifyouwanttobuythishouse,thepaymentmaybemadeinfive（）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.installmentsB.piecesC.sharesD.parts6.單選題“Ineveryknownhumansocietythemale’sneedsforachievementcanberecognized.Inagreaternumberofhumansocietiesmen’ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirrightorabilitytopracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.Theirmalenessinfacthastobeunderwrittenbypreventingwomenfromenteringsomefieldorperformingsomefeat.”ThisistheconclusionoftheanthropologistMargaretMeadaboutthewayinwhichtherolesofmenandwomeninsocietyshouldbedistinguished.Iftalkandprintareconsidereditwouldseemthattheformalemancipationofwomenisfarfromcomplete.Thereisaflowofpublicationsaboutthecontinuingdomesticbondageofwomenandaboutthecomplicatedsystemofdefencewhichmenhavethrownuparoundtheirhithertoacceptedadvantages,takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen’spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.Thereareagoodmanyobjectivepiecesofevidencefortheerosionofmen’sstatus.Inthefirstplace,thereisthewidespreadpostwarphenomenonofthewomanPrimeMinister,inIndia,SriLankaandIsrael.Secondly,thereistheverylargeincreaseinthenumberofwomenwhowork,especiallymarriedwomenandmothersofchildren.Morediffuselytherearetheincreasinglynumerousconvergencesbetweenmaleandfemalebehaviour:theapproximationtoidenticalstylesindressandcoiffure,thesharingofdomestictasks,andtheadmissionofwomentoallsortsofhithertoexclusivelymaleleisure-timeactivities.Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople’ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.Amorousinitiativeisfirmlyreservedtotheman,whosetsaboutcourtshipwithaclub.11.Thephrase“men’ssurenessoftheirsexrole”inthefirstparagraphsuggeststhatthey（）.12.Thethirdparagraph（）.13.Attheendofthelastparagraphtheauthoruseshumorousexaggerationinorderto（）.14.Theusualideaofthecavemaninthelastparagraph（）.15.TheopeningquotationfromMargaretMeadsumsuparelationshipbetweenmanandwomanwhichtheauthor（）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.areconfidentintheirabilitytocharmwomenB.taketheinitiativeincourtshipC.haveaclearideaofwhatisconsidered“manly”D.tendtobemoreimmoralthanwomenare問題2選項(xiàng)A.generallyagreeswiththefirstparagraphB.hasnoconnectionwiththefirstparagraphC.repeatstheargumentofthesecondparagraphD.contradictsthelastparagraph問題3選項(xiàng)A.showthatmenarestrongerthanwomenB.carryfurthertheideasoftheearliestparagraphC.supportthefirstsentenceofthesameparagraphD.disowntheideasheisexpressing問題4選項(xiàng)A.isbasedonthestudyofarchaeologyB.illustrateshowpeopleexpectmentobehaveC.isdismissedbytheauthorasanirrelevantjokeD.provesthattheman,notwomen,shouldbethewooer問題5選項(xiàng)A.approvesofB.arguesisnaturalC.completelyrejectsD.expectstogoonchanging7.單選題Thetownisfamousforitsmagnificenttowerbythesideoftheriver.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ancientB.splendidC.contemporaryD.delicate8.單選題Inasudden（）ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.問題1選項(xiàng)A.attackB.burstC.splitD.blast9.單選題Ineducation,thereshouldbeagood（）amongthebranchesofknowledgethatcontributetoeffectivethinkingandwisejudgment.問題1選項(xiàng)A.balanceB.distributionC.combinationD.spread10.單選題AnimportantpartofthenationalgovernmentistheForeignService,abranchoftheDepartmentofState.問題1選項(xiàng)A.aunityB.adivisionC.anembassyD.aninvasion第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:C第4題:C第5題:A第6題:D第7題:D第8題:C第9題:A第10題:A第11題:C第12題:C第13題:B第14題:A第15題:C第16題:B第17題:B第18題:C第19題:D第20題:A【解析】21.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”；B選項(xiàng)feasible“可行的”；C選項(xiàng)predictable“可預(yù)測(cè)的”；D選項(xiàng)understandable“可以理解的”。句意：一位著名外科醫(yī)生表示，全臉移植已不再是科幻小說中的幻想，并補(bǔ)充說，它們?cè)诩夹g(shù)上是_____，但在倫理上很復(fù)雜。根據(jù)后文的“但是在倫理上很復(fù)雜”，可得知，前半句和后半句語義上相反，因此前半句表達(dá)的意思是“在技術(shù)上是可行的”，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。22.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)calledup“召集，打電話給……”；B選項(xiàng)calledon“拜訪”；C選項(xiàng)calledfor“呼吁，要求”；D選項(xiàng)calledin“召來”。句意：來自倫敦皇家自由醫(yī)院的彼得?巴特勒_____對(duì)這種手術(shù)的倫理問題進(jìn)行討論。根據(jù)后面他的做法，可以看出他是在呼吁大家進(jìn)行討論，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。23.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)answer“答案”；B選項(xiàng)option“選擇”；C選項(xiàng)operation“手術(shù)，操作”；D選項(xiàng)approach“方法，方式”。句意：來自倫敦皇家自由醫(yī)院的彼得?巴特勒呼吁對(duì)這種_____的倫理問題進(jìn)行討論。這種手術(shù)是通過新藥來阻止人體免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)移植面部的排斥而成為可能的。前文說到得“臉部移植”是一種手術(shù)，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。24.考查非謂語。空格前面的謂語是stop，而stop有兩種搭配：stoptodosth.（停止正在做的事，去做另一件事）以及stopdoingsth.（停下來做某事）。句意：可以阻止人體免疫系統(tǒng)排斥移植的臉。而原文并沒有提到要做另一件事，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。25.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)technical“工藝的，科技的”；B選項(xiàng)actual“真實(shí)的，實(shí)際的”；C選項(xiàng)ethical“倫理的，道德的”；D選項(xiàng)scientific“與科學(xué)相關(guān)的，系統(tǒng)的”。句意：_____方面并不復(fù)雜，我不認(rèn)為這是很大的困難。后面一句話說到，“在進(jìn)行第一次移植手術(shù)之前，必須進(jìn)行有關(guān)倫理和道德的辯論”，也就是說最大的困難是在“倫理方面，而技術(shù)方面是不困難的”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。26.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ease“舒適，安逸”；B選項(xiàng)skill“技巧（指的是人具有的技術(shù)能力）”；C選項(xiàng)technique“技巧（指科學(xué)、科技，用在概括性的學(xué)科、技術(shù)描述上）”；D選項(xiàng)difficulty“困難，困境”。句意：技術(shù)方面并不復(fù)雜，我不認(rèn)為這是很大的_____。根據(jù)邏輯，既然前半句說了不復(fù)雜，也就說這個(gè)不是很大的困難，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。27.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attractively“迷人地，有吸引力地”；B選項(xiàng)adequately“充足地，足夠地”；C選項(xiàng)eagerly“急切地，渴望地”；D選項(xiàng)obviously“明顯地”。句意：_____，在進(jìn)行第一次移植手術(shù)之前，必須進(jìn)行有關(guān)倫理和道德的辯論。本句表達(dá)的含義是“顯然，在此之前必須……”，D選項(xiàng)最合邏輯，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。28.考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)until“直到……”；B選項(xiàng)except“除了……”；C選項(xiàng)before“在……之前”；D選項(xiàng)after“在……之后”。句意：顯然，在進(jìn)行第一次移植手術(shù)_____，必須進(jìn)行有關(guān)倫理和道德的辯論。按照邏輯應(yīng)該是在這個(gè)手術(shù)之前，先進(jìn)行倫理的討論，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)手術(shù)并不難在技術(shù)層面，而是人們的接受度，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。29.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)procedure“程序，手續(xù)”；B選項(xiàng)measure“措施，測(cè)量”；C選項(xiàng)possibility“可能性”；D選項(xiàng)solution“解決方案”。句意：英國整形外科醫(yī)生協(xié)會(huì)將討論顯微外科_____。空格處指代的就是臉部移植手術(shù)，A選項(xiàng)最能表示“手術(shù)”之意，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。30.考查形容詞。A選項(xiàng)possible“可能的，合理的”；B選項(xiàng)obliged“必須的，有責(zé)任的”；C選項(xiàng)likely“很可能的”；D選項(xiàng)willing“樂意的，自愿的”。句意：但外科醫(yī)生可能很難找到足夠的_____捐贈(zèng)者。本句表達(dá)的是醫(yī)生們很難找到自愿的捐贈(zèng)者，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。31.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)examination“考試，檢查”；B選項(xiàng)check“支票，制止”；C選項(xiàng)survey“調(diào)查”；D選項(xiàng)visit“訪問”。句意：巴特勒說，他對(duì)醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和普通民眾進(jìn)行的_____顯示，大多數(shù)人都能接受臉部移植，但很少有人愿意在死后把自己的臉捐出來。普通民眾進(jìn)行的應(yīng)該是“調(diào)查”，調(diào)查顯示，大多數(shù)人……，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。32.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)receive“接受（表示普通的收到，被動(dòng)的收到）”；B選項(xiàng)reject“拒絕”；C選項(xiàng)accept“接受（表示接受，強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)的收到）”；D選項(xiàng)offend“冒犯”。句意：巴特勒說，他對(duì)醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和普通民眾進(jìn)行的調(diào)查顯示，大多數(shù)人都能_____臉部移植，但很少有人愿意在死后把自己的臉捐出來。這里表達(dá)的是“人們?cè)敢饨邮苣槻恳浦病?，而這種移植是人們主觀意愿上的接受，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。33.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)replace“取代，代替”；B選項(xiàng)donate“捐贈(zèng)”；C選項(xiàng)allow“允許”；D選項(xiàng)agree“同意”。句意：巴特勒說，他對(duì)醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和普通民眾進(jìn)行的調(diào)查顯示，大多數(shù)人都能接受臉部移植，但很少有人愿意在死后把自己的臉_____出來。本句表達(dá)的是“很少愿意把自己的臉在死后捐出來”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。34.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)concerns“擔(dān)心，憂慮，關(guān)注”；B選項(xiàng)remarks“評(píng)論，摘要”；C選項(xiàng)comments“評(píng)論，注解”；D選項(xiàng)dislikes“不喜歡”。句意：盡管存在一些道德_____。而前文一直有說到現(xiàn)在臉部移植最大的問題就是倫理方面，因此這里表達(dá)的是“道德憂慮”，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。35.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)frequent“頻繁的”；B選項(xiàng)habitual“習(xí)慣的，慣常的”；C選項(xiàng)rare“稀少的”；D選項(xiàng)scarce“缺乏的，不足的”。句意：在25年前患上了一種_____的面部癌癥之后，現(xiàn)在她對(duì)面部移植的可能性表示歡迎。本句表達(dá)的是“她換上了罕見的面部癌癥”，因?yàn)槊娌康陌┌Y并不常見，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。36.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)difficulty“困難”；B選項(xiàng)possibility“可能性”；C選項(xiàng)custom“習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗”；D選項(xiàng)point“要點(diǎn)，得分”。句意：她在25年前患上了一種罕見的面部癌癥，現(xiàn)在她對(duì)面部移植的_____表示歡迎。從她出資建立了相關(guān)基金會(huì)可以看出，她本人是支持面部移植，并且覺得它可行的，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。37.考查非謂語。空格前面的謂語是endup，而endupdoingsth.是固定搭配，表示“以……而告終”，句意：她不認(rèn)為這種手術(shù)意味著人們最終會(huì)帶著一張死人的臉生活。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。38.考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)takein“吸收，領(lǐng)會(huì)”；B選項(xiàng)takeback“拿回，撤銷”；C選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)takeaway“帶走，拿走”。句意：你不會(huì)_____他們的責(zé)任。本句表達(dá)的意思是“你不會(huì)因?yàn)橛昧怂麄兊哪樉鸵袚?dān)他們的責(zé)任”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。39.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)functions“功能”；B選項(xiàng)portions“部分”；C選項(xiàng)shares“份額，股份”；D選項(xiàng)organs“器官”。句意：如果我們可以捐獻(xiàn)身體的其他_____，那為什么不能捐獻(xiàn)臉部呢？結(jié)合前文不難理解這里表達(dá)的是，如果可以捐贈(zèng)其他器官，為什么不能捐贈(zèng)臉部，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。40.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)wrong“錯(cuò)誤的，不正確的”；B選項(xiàng)reasonable“合理的，公道的”；C選項(xiàng)successful“成功的”；D選項(xiàng)unlikely“不太可能的”。句意：我看不出有什么問題。這里考查了短語wrongwith“不正?！保硎镜氖撬徽J(rèn)為這件事不正常/有問題，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。2.【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:C【解析】41.判斷推理題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位到第四段Asinallfriendship,ahusbandandwifemusttrytointeresteachother,andto...interestswithseparatepeopletopreserveanddeveloptheirseparatepersonalitiesandkeeptheirrelationshipfresh.（就像所有的友誼一樣，丈夫和妻子必須努力使對(duì)方感興趣，并花足夠的時(shí)間分享有趣的活動(dòng)，以使他們保持共同的興趣。但同時(shí)，他們必須花足夠的時(shí)間和不同的人在不同的興趣上，以保持和發(fā)展他們不同的個(gè)性，保持他們的關(guān)系新鮮。）而B選項(xiàng)“無論是單獨(dú)的還是共同的興趣愛好都能使友誼保持新鮮感”與文段最相符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“婚姻中的友誼意味著每天、一年的同居生活”，與原文并不符；C選項(xiàng)“婚姻中的友誼是建立在發(fā)展相似的興趣上的”；D選項(xiàng)“婚姻中的友誼是建立在發(fā)展各自的興趣上的”，文章認(rèn)為應(yīng)該是要兩者結(jié)合才是最好。42.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段Marriedcouplesarelikelytoexertthemselvesforguests—beingamusing,discussingwithpassionandpoint—andthentofallintodullexhaustedsilencewhentheguestshavegone.（已婚夫婦很可能會(huì)為客人竭盡全力——逗樂，激情而有意義地討論——然后當(dāng)客人走后陷入沉悶而疲憊的沉默。）也就是說客人在的時(shí)候他們會(huì)盡力去交談，而客人走后卻無話可說，因此D選項(xiàng)“客人走后他們會(huì)保持安靜”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)待客人并不友好”，與原文不符；B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)客人不感興趣”，原文完全沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“在客人離開后，雙方變得敵對(duì)”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)。43.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到最后一段Insuchanatmosphere,thepartnersgrowfurtherandfurtherapart,bothlove...allowingthecouplenotimetodeveloplikingandfriendship,aswellaslove,allottingthemexclusiveparentalroles.（在這樣的氛圍中，伴侶之間的距離越來越遠(yuǎn)，愛和喜歡都消失了。對(duì)于太多有孩子的夫婦來說，孩子被允許支配所有的時(shí)間和注意力，讓夫婦沒有時(shí)間去發(fā)展喜歡、友誼和愛，給他們分配了唯一的父母角色。）通過這句話可以得出，孩子占用了夫婦大部分的時(shí)間，成了婚姻關(guān)系中的障礙，因此C信息“可能對(duì)婚姻友誼造成障礙”正確；A選項(xiàng)“幫助夫婦鞏固他們的友誼”；B選項(xiàng)“不影響夫妻關(guān)系”；D選項(xiàng)“比預(yù)期要求更少的時(shí)間和照顧”都與文章不符。3.【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)included“包括，包含”；B選項(xiàng)discovered“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”；C選項(xiàng)cultivated“培養(yǎng)，發(fā)展，教化”；D選項(xiàng)discouraged“使氣餒”。句意：政府衛(wèi)生組織_____了對(duì)某些社會(huì)習(xí)慣的危險(xiǎn)的認(rèn)識(shí)。這里表達(dá)的是“培養(yǎng)人們對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的認(rèn)知”，因此C選項(xiàng)的意思與原文最符合，C選項(xiàng)正確。4.【答案】A【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)Accordingto“根據(jù)……”；B選項(xiàng)Carryingon“繼承，開始實(shí)施”；C選項(xiàng)Lookingthrough“瀏覽，溫習(xí)”；D選項(xiàng)Puttingout“撲滅，搏出”。句意：根據(jù)新規(guī)定，你每個(gè)月可以享受三天的帶薪病假。A選項(xiàng)與劃線詞的詞義最接近，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。5.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)installments“分期付款”；B選項(xiàng)pieces“塊，文章”；C選項(xiàng)shares“股份”；D選項(xiàng)parts“部分”。句意：如果你想買這棟房子，可以_____。這句話表示是“可以分五期付款”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。6.【答案】第1題:C第2題:A第3題:C第4題:B第5題:D【解析】11.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段men’ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirright,orability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice．（男子對(duì)其性別角色的確定與他們從事某些婦女不允許從事的活動(dòng)的權(quán)利或能力有關(guān)）。從此句可知，男人們很清楚自己的“大男人”的角色，并且通過一些方式來把握和鞏固這個(gè)地位，因此C選項(xiàng)“清楚地知道什么才是‘男子漢氣概’”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己吸引女性的能力有信心”，沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)“在求愛中采取主動(dòng)”，亦沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“往往比女人更不道德”，文章沒有具體說明。12.判斷推理題。第一段講述的是男性會(huì)通過阻止婦女進(jìn)入某個(gè)領(lǐng)域或從事某項(xiàng)壯舉來保證他們的男子氣概，而第三段說Thereisaflowofpublicationsaboutthecontinuingdomesticbondageof...occupationandsociablegr