英語時態(tài)語態(tài)1課件

高考語法復(fù)習(xí)系列動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)語態(tài)時態(tài)主動一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時將來進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時將來完成時do/doesdidwill+doam/is/are+doingwas/were+doingwillbe+doinghave/has+donehad+donewill+havedone四.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（am/is/are＋doing）:1.表示現(xiàn)在（指說話人說話時）正在發(fā)生的事情。

Wearehavingameetingnow.Mynotheriscookinginthekitchen.2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作或表示長期的或重復(fù)的動作，說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。

HeisteachingMathsinaschool.Heistranslatingabook.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來,表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作(同一般將來時第5點）

I’mleavingtomorrow.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與always/forever/constantly/continuously等連用,表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩.①She

isalwayshelping

others.②Theyarealwaysbotheringmewithtinythings五、過去進(jìn)行時（was/were+doing）1.表示過去某一時間或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。

Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimelastnight.2.come,go,leave等動詞的過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將來。

Hesaidthatthetrainwasleavingthestation.3.與always/forever/constantly/continuously等連用,表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩.六.現(xiàn)在完成時（have/has＋done）1.基本用法:1〕影響性用法:表示一個動作發(fā)生在過去,已經(jīng)完成,且對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果，常與already,ever,never,just,yet,still①Hehasalreadyleftthecity.（結(jié)果:他不在這個城市）②Someonehasbrokenthewindow.

（結(jié)果:窗戶仍破著）2〕持續(xù)性用法:表示一個動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,且可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去或可能到此結(jié)束

WehavestudiedEnglishfor5years.

2.用現(xiàn)在完成時的典型場合:1〕“since＋過去時間”或“since接時間狀語從句（從句中用一般過去時）”主句中用現(xiàn)在完成時句子中有for+一段時間，用現(xiàn)在完成時①Ihaven’tseenhersincelastweek.②They

haveworked

togethersincetheygraduatedfromuniversity.

Wehaveknowneachotherfor4years.Themeetinghasstartedfor2hours.(F)

Ihaven`tcomefor4years.(T)

2〕用于從句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的動作先于主句動作。

Aftershehasfinishedherhomework,shegoeshomehappily.IrealiseIhaveforgotmykeyathome.HehasbeentoBeijing.去過，已經(jīng)回來了HehasgonetoBeijing.去了，還沒有回來3〕It/This/Thatisthefirst（second/third…）time＋that從句(havedone)”It/This/Thatistheonly…＋that從句(havedone)It/This/Thatisthe＋最高級…＋that從句(havedone)①ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoZhejiang.②ThatistheonlypartythatIhaveeverreallyenjoyedinmylife.③ItisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.（注:以上句型把is改為was,則從句時態(tài)相應(yīng)改為過去完成時態(tài)）(1)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?

---No,it’sthefirsttimeI___here.

A.even,come

B.even,havecome

C.ever,come

D.ever,havecome(2)They____theclubin2007andthey____theclubfor6years.A.joined,havejoinedB.joined,havebeeninB.werejoined,areD.joined,areDB七.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時（have/hasbeendoing）1.一般用法:表示現(xiàn)在以前一段時間里一直在進(jìn)行的動作,這一動作可能仍在進(jìn)行,也可能已停止

Ithasbeenrainingsincetwodaysago.IhavebeenstudyinghardsinceIcamehere.

2.I’mtiredout.I______allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshopping【答案】D八.過去完成時（had＋done）1.表示過去的過去時間狀語before,until,when,after,once…by（theendof)/bythetime＋過去時間,

時間是“過去的過去”。(1)Wehadcleanedtheclassroombeforetheycamein.(2)Aftertheyhadquarreledwitheachother,theybrokeup.(3)Shehadgot6goldmedalsbytheendoflastyear.3.一些特殊句型中的過去完成時:1〕It/This/Thatwasthefirst（second/third…）time＋that從句（haddone）

It/This/Thatwastheonly…＋that從句(haddone)

It/This/Thatwasthe＋最高級…＋

that從句

ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadmethim.Thatwastheonlypersonshehadloved.

.Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebody____intotheofficeduringthenight.A.brokeB.hadbrokenC.hasbrokenD.wasbreaking【答案】B.Thiswasthefirsttimewe______afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen【答案】B現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去式的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去式的區(qū)別：1)一般過去時著重說明動作發(fā)生的時間、地點、方式等，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，且句中一般有表示過去的時間狀語而現(xiàn)在完成時只說明現(xiàn)在的情況，對現(xiàn)在有影響。①I’velivedherefortenyears.（現(xiàn)在仍住在這兒）②Ilivedherefortenyears.（現(xiàn)在不確定是否住在這兒）③Hehasboughtahouse.（現(xiàn)在已擁有這房子）

④Heboughtahouse.（現(xiàn)在擁不擁有這房子不知道,只是知道買了房子,現(xiàn)在可能擁有也可能賣掉了）現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去式的區(qū)別：一般過去時著重說明動作發(fā)生的時間、地點、方式等，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，且句中一般有表示過去的時間狀語而現(xiàn)在完成時只說明現(xiàn)在的情況，對現(xiàn)在有影響。

—Where_____therecorder?Ican’tseeitanywhere.（98NMET）—I____itrighthere.Butnowit’sgone.

A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;put被動語態(tài)1.SheiscalledMarry.2.Theriverwaspollutedlastyear.3.Theriverwillbepollutedifwebuildafactorynearit.4.Thehouseisbeingbuiltnow.5.ThehousewasbeingbuiltinJunelastyear.7.Theworkhasbeenfinishedsofar.8.Theworkhadbeenfinishedbeforeweleft.9.Theworkwillhavebeenfinishedbytheendofnextweek.語態(tài)時態(tài)被動一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時將來完成時

am/is/are+done

was/were+done

willbe+done

am/is/arebeing+done

was/werebeing+done

have/hasbeen+done

hadbeen+donewill+havebeendoneam/is/are+done一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)。am/is/are+done1.Thenewwordistaughtatschool.2.Tomislovedbyhisparents.3.Theseplacearevisitedbymanyvisitorseveryyear.4.Iamoftencheatedbyfakeadvertisement.他被認(rèn)為是最偉大的科學(xué)家。Heisreferredtoas/consideredasthegreatestscientist.一般過去時被動語態(tài)was/were+done1.Iwasbitbyhimjustnow.2.Thesingerwasadmiredbymanypeoplewhenhewasfamous.3.AllofthesebookwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.這個通知是昨天被一個學(xué)生張貼的。Thenoticewasputupbyastudentyesterday.一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone1.Thecarwillberepairedtomorrow.2.Thepicturewillbedrawnintwohours.3.Wewillbeadmittedtofamousuniversitiesnextyear.這個事情明天將會被記者報道。Thiseventwillbecoveredbyreporterstomorrow.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動語態(tài)

am/is/arebeing+done1.Theclassroomisbeingcleanednow.2.Thesongisbeingsungbythesuperstar.3.Theplantsarebeingplantednow.

我們的建議現(xiàn)在正在被討論。Oursuggestionisbeingdiscussednow。5.過去進(jìn)行時被動語態(tài)

was/werebeing+done.1.Theclotheswerebeingwashedbymotherat9lastnight.2.Thisshirtwasbeingtriedonbyagirlthistimeyesterday.昨天下午六點，他正在受懲罰。Hewasbeingpunishedat6pm.yesterday.6.現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)have/hasbeendone1.Thenewshasbeengivenaway.2.Themissingboyhasbeenfoundsofar.3.Theyhavebeeninvitedtotheparty.這些經(jīng)歷已經(jīng)被我們遺忘了。Theseexperienceshavealreadybeenforgotbyus.7.過去完成時被動語態(tài)hadbeendone1.IhadbeentoldthenewsbeforeIcamehere.2.WehadbeentakentotheUSAbeforeweerteredtheuniversity.昨天，在我們參加比賽之前，我們已經(jīng)被采訪過了。Wehadbeeninterviewedbeforewetookpartinthecompetitionyesterday.8.將來完成時的被動語態(tài)

willhavebeendone1.Theworkwillhavebeenfinishedby7o`clock.2.TheIDwillhavebeencheckedbeforepeoplegetintothehotelroom.在明年結(jié)束前，這部小說會被賣完。Thisnovelwillhavebeensoldoutbytheendofnextyear.1.Alotoftrees______________(plant)since1990.2.Theriver______________(pollute)beforethepresidentgotthere.3.Largefarms________________(abandon)nextyear.4.Largequantitiesofglasses__________________(produce)bythecompanylastmonth.5.Thebook__________________(translate)now.havebeenplantedhadbeenpollutedwillbeabandonedwereproducedisbeingtranslated需要注意的情況1.動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語give+me(間賓)+abook（直賓）(=giveabooktome)ask,bring,buy(for),give,hand,lend,pass,pay,return,sell,send,show,tell,writeHegivesmeabook.Iamgivenabookbyhim.Abookisgiventomebyhim.2.主動形式表示被動意義

（1）.表示主語特征、狀態(tài)的動詞wash,clean,cook,cut,read,wear,draw,write,sell等。Thebooksellswell.這本書銷路好。Theclotheswasheasily.這衣服很好洗。（2）.在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動代被動。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.4.主動形式表示被動意義

（3）.在need,require,want,beworth（形容詞）,deserve后,用-ing表示被動，例如：

Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.門該修了。（4）.betoblame(受譴責(zé))，betorent/let（出租）也用主動形式表被動。例如：

Iwastoblamefortheaccident.我該為事故而受指責(zé)。Thehouseistolet/rent.（5）.have+賓語+todo結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式的邏輯主語為句子的主語時，做補(bǔ)語的不定式用主動表被動，若主語與動詞不定式之間無主謂關(guān)系，則用不定式的別動語態(tài)。Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Shehassomuchworktodo.Doyouhaveanyhomeworktodo?Doyouhaveclothestobewashed?

1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound2.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublished