廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)考英語試題(Word版無答案)

第第頁廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)考英語試題(Word版無答案)2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平調(diào)研測(cè)試

高一年級(jí)英語試卷

本試卷共10頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

2023.7

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、試室號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并用2B鉛筆填涂答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置。因不考聽力，試卷從第二部分的“閱讀理解”開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。

3.回答非選擇題時(shí)，必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆、圓珠筆或涂改液。寫在本試卷上無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Whenplacesarewell-knownandpopular—historicalandmodemalike—wemighttakeitforgrantedthatthey’llbearoundforever.Butsadly,manyoftheworld’sbestknownandculturallysignificantlandmarksareintrouble.

MountKilimanjaro’speak

Thismountain,oneoftheSevenSummits,provesthatevengiantscanfalltoclimatechangeduetothevastamountsofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Whilethemountainitself,locatedinTanzania,isn’tindangeratpresent,itsiconicsnowcapmightdisappear—andshockinglysoon.Researchfoundthatthesnowcaphadlost85%ofthetotalareaofitsicefieldsbetween1912and2023,andtheremainingicecouldbehistoryasearlyas2030.

MachuPicchu

LocatedinsouthernPeru,MachuPicchuistheremainsofahugestonecastlethatwasbuiltduringthe15thcentury.TheseunbelievableIncanruinsarewidelyconsideredoneofthemust-seespotsinSouthAmerica.However,thesitehasbeenavictimofover-tourism,seeingtheharmfuleffectsofthecrowdsitgetsastheyweardownthestructures.Inaddition,theareasurroundingMachuPicchuhasseenrapiddevelopmentofthecities,aswellasmudslidesandfires,inrecentyears,leadingUNESCOtoworkforitsprotection.

EvergladesNationalPark

ThisstunningFloridianwildlifereservehassadlyfounditselffightingforitslifeinrecentyears.As‘thelargestsubtropicalwildernessreserve’inNorthAmerica,accordingtoUNESCO,it’sbeenabelovedtraveldestinationforAmericancitizensfordecades,butthedamageoftimeandhumanactivityhavenotbeenkindtoit.ItssurvivalfirstcameintoquestionafteritwasdestroyedbyHurricaneAndrewin1993.Butit’shumaninfluencethathasbecometheprimarythreat,aswaterflowtothesitehasdecreasedandtheimpactsofpollutionhaveincreased,resultinginharmfulalgalblooms(赤潮).Itsvast,diversewildlifeismorethreatenedthaneverbefore.

21.WhichproblemdoesMountKilimanjaroface

A.GlobalwarmingB.Citydevelopment.

C.Over-tourismD.Icepollution.

22.Whatdothesethreeplaceshaveincommon

A.Theyaretheimpactsofpollutionandmudslides.

B.Theyaredestroyedseverelyduetoover-tourism.

C.Theyarefamousbutaffectedbyhumanactivities.

D.Theyareconsideredasvictimsofglobalwarming.

23.V/hatisthreatenedbyhumanactivityinEvergladesNationalPark

A.Lackofpopularity.B.HurricaneAndrew.

C.Algalblooms.D.Diversewildlife.

B

Peoplehavealwayshadtroublepronouncinghisname.The19th-centuryBritishprimeministerBenjaminDisraeliwasoncelaughedatinParliamentforgettingitwrong.Ifyoudon’tspeakGerman,it’snotatallobvioushowyouaresupposedtosayit.Asafebetistostartwithahard‘g’on‘Ger...’andendwitha‘ter’:Ger-ter.

JohannWolfgangvonGoethehasoftenbeenseenasoneofEurope’sbigculturalheroes—comparabletothelikesofShakespeare,DanteandHomer.Hewasexcellentinawiderangeofareas:hewrotemanypoems,wasahugehitasanovelistandmadescientificcontributionsinphysiology,geologyandbotany.Hewasalsoadiplomat,fashionguru(專家),aseniorcivilservant,theheadofauniversity,afineartist,anadventuroustraveller,thedirectorofatheatrecompanyandtheheadofaminingcompany.

Duringhislife,Goethe’sadmirerswereimpressedbyhisliteraryworks.Butmorethananyofhisbooks,whatimpressedpeopleatthetimewashowhelivedhislife,thekindofpersonhewas.Thelifewasmoresignificantthanthebooks(whichhelpsexplainwhy,unlikeJaneAustenorMarcelProust,hisliteraryworksarerelativelyunknown).

GoethewasborninthecityofFrankfurtin1749.Hisfamilywascomfortablyoff—itwasnewmoney,madefromkeepinganinn.

Goethe’sparentstookgreatcarewithhisschooling:hewasmainlyeducatedathome;hewrotepoetryforhisfriends,tookartclasses,andlearnedItalian.Hewenttothetheatrealotandbecamefriendswithactors.Asamemberoftheupperclass,heworeaswordinpublicfromtheageof12.

GoethestudiedattheUniversityofLeipzigandlaterdidamaster’sdegreeinlawattheUniversityofStrasbourg.Heoftenwenttoaviewingplatformhighuponanearbycathedraltower.Hewasafraidofheights.Buthemadehimselfdoitbecausehelikedtoovercomedifficulties—andlovedtheview.

24.WhywasBenjaminDisraelilaughedatinParliament

A.Hepronouncedhisownnamewrongly.

B.Hedidn’tknowhowtospeakGerman.

C.Hecouldn’tsayGoethe’snamecorrectly.

D.HeoncewroteGoetheasGer-termistakenly.

25.WhatisspecialaboutGoethe,comparedtoShakespeare,DanteandHomer

A.Hedidwellinavarietyoffields.

B.HewasaBritishbigculturalhero.

C.Hewasoneoftheliteraturemasters.

D.Hewrotenumerousnovelsandpoems.

26.WhatcanweknowaboutGoethe

A.Goetherananinnwithcomfortableroomsbyhimself.

B.Goethe’sparentsdevotedthemselvestohiseducation.

C.Goethe’sliteraryworksimpressedpeoplemostathistime.

D.Goethebelongedtotheupperclassduetohisroyalfamily.

27.WhichcanbestdescribeGoethe’spersonality

A.Cautiousandfamous.B.Selflessandconfident.

C.Honestandgenerous.D.Braveandintelligent.

C

TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeisthefirstlarge-scaleseacrossingtransportationprojectunderChina’s“OneCountry,TwoSystems”policy.JointlyconstructedbyGuangdong,FongKong,andMacao,thebridgeisamegaseacrossingsystemlinkingHongKong,Zhuhai,andMacao.

TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeisthelongest,mostdifficulttoconstruct,andthehighest-standardcross-seatransportationprojectinChina’shistory.Itisregardedasthe“Qomolangma”ofthebridgeindustry.ThebridgeisalsopartoftheC4Beijing-HongKong-MacaoExpresswayandG94PearlRiverDeltaRingExpresswaywithinChina’snationalexpresswaynetwork.

TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgestartsatLantauIslandinHongKong,passesthroughTaiO,crossesthePearlRiverEstuary(河口),anditsY-shapedsectionattheendconnectsZhuhaiandMacao.Thetotallengthofthebridgeis55km.Itsseasectionisaround35.578kmlongwhileitsunderwatertunnelstretches6.75km.Theconstructioncostofthebridgeexceeded100billionyuan.ItwasjointlyfundedbythecentralgovernmentandthegovernmentsofGuangdong,HongKong,andMacao,whichwillcollecttollsonthebridgefor50years.

ThereweremanyupdatedtechnologiesintheconstructionandinstallationoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.Theprojectalsomademultiplebreakthroughsininfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)constructioninwhichthegovernmentcooperatedwithdomesticandforeigncompanies.TheseexperienceswillbeusefulfortheChinesegovernmentintheconstructionoffuturelarge-scaleengineeringprojects.

AsChinacontinuestoadvancetheBeltandRoadInitiative,theHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgewilloffernewforcetotheeconomyoftheregion.ThebridgewillincreasetheattractivenessandinfluenceofZhuhai,promotethecooperationofHongKong,Zhuhai,andMacaoinlogistics,tourism,andotherindustries,anddrivetheeconomicandsocialintegrationofHongKong,Macao,andZhuhai.ItwillalsohelpstrengthenthetiesbetweenthethreeplacesandfacilitatethedevelopmentoftheGuangdong-HongKongMacaoGreaterBayArea,whichisstrategicallyimportanttotheBeltandRoadInitiative.

28.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mega”inParagrah1

A.diverseB.greatC.broadD.rare

29.Whyis“Qomolangma”mentionedinParagraph2

A.Itshowsthebridgeisveryfamousintheworld.

B.Itindicatesthebridgeisveryhighabovethesea.

C.Itsuggeststhedifficultiesinconstructingthebridge.

D.Itstressesitsimportanceinthenationaldevelopment.

30.WhatisthesignificanceoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge

A.Ithasthelongestunderwaterpartofthebridgeintheworld.

B.Itstrengthensthedevelopmentandbondofthesethreeplaces.

C.Ithashelpedthegovernmentearnover100billionyuansofar.

D.Itistheonlyoneofthelarge-scaleengineeringprojectsbyChina.

31.Whichcolumncanyoufindthispassagein

A.Science&Technology.B.Geography&Travel.

C.Education&Career.D.Economy&Finance.

D

Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia(癡呆)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn’tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.

Afterage50,it’squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingquickly,saysDr.SmithofBrighamandWoman’sHospitalinBoston.

Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink(萎縮),especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvessels(血管)narrow.

Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon’trememberevenseeingit,that’sfarmoreconcerning,Smithsays.

Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that’s“aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.”Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou’vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.

Buteventhen,Dr.Smithsays,peopleshouldn’tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellasmedicationslikeantidepressants.

Youdon’thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Dr.Smithsuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain’scognitive(認(rèn)知的)reserve,Dr.Smithsays.

“Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,”hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster(助推器).

32.Whyisitcommonfortheagedtoexperiencememoryloss

A.Therelatedpartsofbraingetagedandsmaller.

B.Thecommunicationofbrainregionsisstopped.

C.Thebraincellsofmemorychangetheirpositions.

D.Theslowbloodflowsresultinnarrowbloodvessels.

33.Whatcanwedotofightagainstthememoryloss

A.Checkhealthproblemsinthehospital.

B.Takemedicinetoregainyourbraincells.

C.Takepartinphysicalandmentalactivities.

D.Buildupacompletelynewcognitiveregion.

34.Whichofthesituationwarnsustoseeadoctor

A.Johndoesn’tknowhowtooperateanewprinter.

B.Annehasforgottenherusualwaytotheparknearhome.

C.Jackcan’trememberthenameofanactorinasoupopera.

D.Ammyisconfusedwithherfriends’addressesocassionally.

35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext

A.WhatCausesMemoryLossB.HaveYouLostThinkingAbility

C.HowDoesBrainBoosterWorkD.HaveYouReallyGotDementia

第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

YouAreaBetterPersonThanYouThinkYouAre

Maybeyouhaven’tachievedgoalsinaself-appointedtimeframe.36Butthisdoesn’tmeanyouareabadpersonorafailure.Youcouldindeedbeawonderfulindividual.Youcouldactuallybeamuchbetterpersonthanyoubelieveyouare.So,let’sexaminetheideathatyoumightbebetterthanyouthink.

Youshowkindness

Beingpoliteandkindisthemarkofagoodperson.Whenyoudothis,youaretreatingotherslikeyouwouldwanttobetreated.37Eventhesmallestofthingsdonotgounnoticedandaretraitsthatyouhaveagoodheart.

Youareapositiveperson

Keepinganoptimisticattitudeisalsoatraitofagoodpersonwithapowerfulcharacter.Itiseasytobecomenegativewithallthebadthingsgoingonintheworld,butthere’sanotherwaytolookatthesethings.Whenyou’reactuallybetterthanyouthink,youwillhavethehabitoflookingonthebrightsideofeverysituationandseeingthebestineveryone.38

39

Beingwiseisnotaboutbeingintelligent.It’saboutlearningfromlifeexperiences.WhydoesthismakeyouabetterpersonthanyouthinkWisdomcanbepassedtootherstohelpthemavoidthesamemistakesyoumade.Youareagoodpersonifyou’vecollectedwisdomandlovetosharelessonswithothers.

So,goeasyonyourself.Appreciatewhoyouare.Iftherearethingsyouneedtochange,that’sokay.40It’saboutourattitudeandourheart.Ibet,ifyoutookthetimetoreadthis,youareabetterpersonthanyouthink.

A.Yougivehonestcomments.

B.It’sjustallaboutshowingoptimism.

C.Weallhaveproblemsandimperfections.

D.Youarewise,andyoushareyourwisdom.

E.Maybeyouhavemademanymistakesaswell.

F.Respectingothersandtheirspaceshowsadulthood,whichisasignofatrulygoodperson.

G.Thismayincludeopeningdoorsforothersorpickingupchangeforpeopleinfrontofyouatthecheckoutline.

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.Although.41gestures,thewomanmovedsteadily(平穩(wěn)地),andtherewasnohesitationinhergestures.Shewasas42asanyoneelse,ashermovementssuggested.Andshehadajobtodo.

Theoldwomanleftfromher43sonandbegantotickthroughtheDVDsonthenearestshelf.Aftertheslightesthesitation,I44andaskedifIcouldhelpherfindsomething.Thewomansmiledupatmeandshowedmeatitlewrittenonapieceofpaper.Thetitlewasunusualandabitdifficulttounderstand.45apersonlookingforitknewsomethingaboutmovies,andhadaspecialtasteofit.

RatherthanrushingofftolocatetheDVDforthewoman,IaskedhertowalkwithmesoIcouldshowherwhereshecould46it.IthinkIwantedtoenjoyher47foramoment.Somethingaboutherdeliberatemovements48meofmyownmother,whohadpassedawaylastyear.

Wefoundthe49,andIpraisedheronherchoice.Shesmiledandtoldmeitwasoneshehadenjoyedwhenshewasherson’sageandthatshehopedhewouldenjoyitasmuchasshehad.“Maybe,”shesaid,withalittlebit50,“hecouldenjoyitwithhisownyoungchildren.”

Ishowedtheoldwomanthewaytothequeueatthecashregister.Whentheolderwoman’s51inlinecame,shepaidincash,countingoutthedollarsandcoinswiththesame52she’ddisplayedearlier.

Iwalkedovertotheoldwoman’ssonandtoldhimto53her,becausewhenshe’sgone,it’sthelittlemomentsthat’llcomeback.It’strue.I54mymomstillandrememberedthemomentswhenI’dusedmyimpatiencetomakeher55.

41.A.slowB.friendlyC.shamefulD.graceful

42.A.prettyB.delightedC.painfulD.good

43.A.busyB.impatientC.delightfulD.helpful

44.A.stoodupB.steppedbackC.walkedoverD.wentaround

45.A.ClearlyB.GenerallyC.EventuallyD.Frequently

46.A.hearB.writeC.findD.choose

47.A.praiseB.companyC.movementD.literature

48.A.informedB.warnedC.freedD.reminded

49.A.movieB.songC.choiceD.title

50.A.anxietyB.sadnessC.prideD.determination

51.A.opportunityB.rideC.changeD.turn

52.A.tasteB.beautyC.surenessD.satisfaction

53.A.treasureB.rewardC.benefitD.tend

54.A.helpedB.thankedC.missedD.phoned

55.A.strictB.upsetC.scaredD.unique

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

PeoplevisitedHaikou,capitalcityofSouthChina’sHainanprovincetoexperiencethecity’sQiloucultureona“ADatewithChina”internationalmediatouronMonday.

HistoricalQilou,orsottoportico,56iswell-preservedinHaikoucity,isakindofNanyang-stylearcadebuilding57astrongmixofChineseandWesternarchitecturalfeatures.Theeast-meet-westarchitecturalstylehasmade58oneofthemostuniquestreetlandscapesinthecity,withover60059(exist)sottoporticobuildingsin12streets.

Thesottoporticobuilding60(have)acolumnedandcoveredporchavailabletoallpedestrians.Itfunctionsasasidewalkduring61(rain),whicharefrequentbecauseofthetropicalclimate.Thespacecanalsobeusedbystorestoputproducts62(attract)customers.

Theoldestsottoporticobuildingofthecity,Sipailou,63(build)intheSouthernSongDynastyandhas64historyofmorethan700years.

ThesottoporticooldstreetsinHaikou,intheprocessofhistoricaldevelopment,condensemanyculturalconnotations,suchasHaikou’sfolkculture,Nanyangculture,Confuciancultureandsoon.Atthesametime,various65(tradition)folkartshavetakenrootandgrownhere.

第四部分寫作(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

根據(jù)所給單詞的中文釋義，結(jié)合句意，寫出所需單詞的正確形式。

66.Weneedto_____