山東省威海市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（含答案無聽力音頻有聽力原文）

第第頁山東省威海市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（含答案，無聽力音頻有聽力原文）高二英語參考答案

第一部分聽力（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1~5CCBAB6~10BCCCB11~15BCAAB16~20AABCA

第二部分閱讀（每小題2.5分，滿分50分）

21~25CBBDD26~30ABDCA31~35ADCCB36~40FAGDE

語言運(yùn)用（30分）

第一節(jié)：完形填空（每小題1分，滿分15分）

41~45BDDBA46~50ACCBA51~55DCCBA

第二節(jié)：短文填空（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

56.hastravel(l)ed57.a58.who/that59.is60.relatively

61.included62.to63.tolearn64.richnessing

第四部分寫作（滿分40）

第一節(jié)：應(yīng)用文（滿分15分）

評分原則

1.本題總分為15分，按5個檔次給分。

2.評分時，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。

3.詞數(shù)少于60，從總分中減去2分。

（二）評分要點(diǎn)

寫作要求：1.明確表明個人的選擇；

合理陳述自己的理由，言之有物，具有說服力；

3.行文連貫，句式合理，表達(dá)地道。

檔次描述

五檔13-15緊扣主題，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，語法結(jié)構(gòu)多樣，詞匯豐富，行文流暢，顯示出較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力，允許有個別語言錯誤，但不影響意思表達(dá)。

四檔10-12緊扣主題，內(nèi)容較充實(shí)，行文較流暢。語言有少許錯誤，但基本不影響意思表達(dá)。

三檔7-9緊扣主題，語言錯誤已經(jīng)影響到部分意思的表達(dá)，但多數(shù)句子基本正確，基本能夠達(dá)到預(yù)期的寫作目的。

二檔4-6語言錯誤較多，尚能夠?qū)懗雠c內(nèi)容相關(guān)的可讀句子。

一檔1-3只能寫出與內(nèi)容相關(guān)的詞語，只能看到與主題相關(guān)的只言片語拼湊起來的支離破碎的語言，完全沒有句子的架構(gòu)能力，基本沒有有意義的句子表達(dá)。

0不能傳達(dá)給讀者任何信息；抄寫其他的文章，或只能寫出與作文無關(guān)的內(nèi)容。

Possibleversions：

[1]

DearEditor,

IamwritingtosharemyviewontheupcomingEnglishClassicsReadingactivityinourschool.Ibelieveitisbesttoreadtheoriginalversionsoftheliteraryworks.

Readingtheoriginalsallowsustoappreciatetheauthors’authenticlanguage,providingadeeperunderstandingoftheculturalandhistoricalcontext.Studyingoriginalscanalsofostercriticalthinkingskillsandlanguageproficiency.Complexstructuresandvocabularychallengestudents,promotingintellectualgrowthandlinguisticdevelopment.

Inconclusion,prioritizingoriginalEnglishliteratureensuresaricherandmoreauthenticexperience.Let’sembracethepoweroftheoriginalsinourreadingactivity.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

[2]

DearEditor,

Astoreadingclassics,readingtheadaptedversionsisareasonablechoice,especiallyforthosewhomaystrugglewithEnglish.

Asastudent,Iunderstandthechallengesthatcomealongwiththecomplexityandlanguagebarriersinoriginals.Adaptedversionsmaintaintheessenceofthestorywithsimplifiedlanguagesandsentencestructures.Moreover,theadaptedversionshelpbridgethegapbetweendifferentlevelsoflanguageproficiency.Adaptedversionsmakegreatworksmoreaccessibletoallstudents,regardlessoftheirproficiencylevel.

Inconclusion,includingadaptedversionsinourreadingactivitywouldmakeitmoreengagingandinclusive.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)：讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）

（一）評分原則

1.本題總分為25分，按五個檔次進(jìn)行評分。

2.評分時，應(yīng)主要從內(nèi)容、語言表達(dá)和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個方面考慮，具體為：

（1）續(xù)寫內(nèi)容的質(zhì)量、完整性以及與原文情景的融洽度。

（2）所使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性、恰當(dāng)性和多樣性。

（3）上下文的銜接和全文的連貫性。

3.評分時，應(yīng)先根據(jù)作答的整體情況確定其所屬的檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來綜合衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。

4.評分時還應(yīng)注意：

（1）詞數(shù)少于120的，酌情扣分；

（2）書寫較差以致影響交際的，酌情扣分；

（3）單詞拼寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號是寫作規(guī)范的重要方面，評分時應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮，英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。

（二）評分要點(diǎn)

內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：第一段描述尋找馬的經(jīng)過及結(jié)果，并為丈夫與馬的重逢做鋪墊。

第二段描述丈夫與馬重逢的場景。

（三）各檔次的給分范圍和要求

檔次描述

五檔21-251.創(chuàng)造了豐富合理的內(nèi)容，富有邏輯性，續(xù)寫完整，與原文情境融洽度高。2.使用了多樣并且恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，可能有個別小錯，但完全不影響理解。3.有效地使用了語句間銜接手段，全文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，意義連貫。

四檔16-20創(chuàng)造了比較豐富合理的內(nèi)容，比較有邏輯性，續(xù)寫比較完整，與原文融洽度較高。使用了比較恰當(dāng)并且有效的詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，有些許語法錯誤，但不影響理解。使用了比較有效的語句間的連接，全文結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰，意義比較連貫。

三檔11-151.創(chuàng)造了基本合理的內(nèi)容，基本具有邏輯性，續(xù)寫內(nèi)容基本完整，與原文情境基本一致。2.使用了基本恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，可能有一些語法錯誤，但基本不影響理解。3.基本有效地使用了語句間銜接手段，全文結(jié)構(gòu)基本清晰，意義基本連貫。

二檔6-10內(nèi)容和邏輯上有一些重大問題，續(xù)寫不夠完整，與原文有一定程度脫節(jié)。所用的詞匯有限，語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，錯誤較多，影響理解。未能有效地使用語句間銜接手段，全文結(jié)構(gòu)不夠清晰，意義不夠連貫。

一檔1-5內(nèi)容和邏輯上有較多重大問題，或有部分內(nèi)容抄自原文，續(xù)寫不完整，與原文內(nèi)容基本脫節(jié)。所使用的詞匯有限，語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，錯誤很多，嚴(yán)重影響理解。幾乎沒有使用語句間銜接手段，全文結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰，意義不連貫。

0未做答，所寫內(nèi)容太少或者無法看清以致無法評判，所寫內(nèi)容全部抄自原文或與題目要求不相關(guān)。

Possibleversions：

[1]Mr.Parkeragreedtojointhesearch,promisingnottosayanythingtoBart.Fornearlyayear,therewasnoresulttooursecretsearchandwealmostlosthope.Onemorning,Mr.Parkerphonedme.“Hardworkpaidoff!Dude’sbeenfound!”heshouted,“ItisonafarminGeorgiaandDudeiswell.”Icouldn’twaittocontactthefamilyandtriedtopersuadethemtosellDudetome.WhenIsharedwiththemourstory,theyagreed.Onthatveryweekend,IinvitedBarttodrivetoGeorgia,promisingtogivehimasurprise.Threehourslater,wefinallyparkedonabeautifulfarm.

Gettingoutofthecar,IaskedBarttowhistleasheusedtodotoDude.Barthesitatedbutwhistled.Nothinghappened.Hewhistledagain,andweheardasoundinthedistance.Suddenly,ahorseatagallopcameintosight.BeforeIcouldspeak,Bartleaptoverthefence.“Dude!”heyelled,runningtowardshisbelovedfriend.IwatchedthehorseandBartmeetlikeoneofthoseslow-motionreunionscenesontelevision,movedtotears.Laterthatevening,wegotDudebackhome.ThemooncastawarmlightoverusandBarthuggedmeandthankedformysurprise,smilingwithtearsinhiseyes.

[2]

Mr.Parkeragreedtojointhesearch,promisingnottosayanythingtoBart.Wesprangintoaction.Mr.ParkermanagedtomakecontactwiththeformerbuyerandgotsomeinformationaboutBart.Wethenspentweekssearchingandmakingphonecalls.Nogoodnewscameuntiloneday,wefinallygotalead.WefoundoutthatDudewaslivingonafarminthesouth.IthentoldBartIwantedatriptothesouth.Andheagreed.Ontheappointedday,wesetoff.Notknowingthepurposeofthetrip,Bartlookedcalm,whileIwasexcited,picturingtheirreunion.Withthemixedfeelings,wearrivedatthedestination.

Gettingoutofthecar,IaskedBarttowhistleasheusedtodotoDude.Hewasalittleconfusedatmyrequest,butdidastold.Thencamethesoundofhorsehooves.Eyeswideopen,Isawahorsegallopingtowardsus.Bart’sfacelitup,andtearsstreameddownhischeeksasheembracedhislong-lostfriend.AsIwatchedthetwofriendsreconnecting,itwasevidentthatthebondtheysharedhadneverbeenbroken.Thatday,wecamebackwithDude.Alongtheway,BartsharedwithmetheirstoriesandhisplanningarrangementsforDude.AndIknew,thereturnofDudehadgivenhimmorethanjustahorse.

Tapescripts:

Text1

M:WhenwillyourmomarriveinLondonIt’salreadyAugust15th.

W:Don’tworry.Shewassupposedtogetheretomorrow.Butshechangedherflight.Shewillarrivethedayaftertomorrow.

Text2

W:I’dliketodrivetothecinema,butmysisterisusingthecartonight.

M:Haven’tyouthoughtofthesubway

W:Goodidea.Then,there’snoneedtocallataxi.

Text3

W:Peter,doyouknowtheConfuciusMuseuminShandong

M:Sure!It’sChina’sfirstmuseumaboutConfuciusandhasattractedmanypeoplesinceitopened.

Text4

W:IfeellikeI’mgainingweight.Anyadvice

M:Maybejoggingcankeepyourweightdown.Andyou’dbettercontrolyourdiet.

Text5

W:Hey,watchwhereyou’regoing!

M:Oh,no!Areyouallright

W:Well,nothingserious.

M:I’msosorry!Ididn’tmeantoknockyouover.Mytirejustexploded,andIlostcontrolofmybike.

Text6

W:What’sitlikeworkingwithagedpeopleallday,Mark

M:It’sdifficultbecausemanyofthemneedalotofcare.

W:Oh,howcanyoumanagethis

M:LoveandpatiencearewhatIneedtonursetheoldpeople.

W:Whatarethethingsyoudoeveryday

M:Ihelpthemwithmealsandtosome,Ihelpthemtakemedicine.

W:Anythingelse

M:SometimesIalsoaccompanythemtothehospitalwhentheirrelativesarenotavailable.It’shardwork,butIreallyenjoyitbecauseIlovehelpingpeople.

Text7

M:Canyoutellmeabouttheaccommodation,please

W:Yes,ofcourse.Alltheroomsaredoubles.Someofthemhaveamountainview.

M:Isee.Arethereanyfamilyrooms

W:No,I’mafraidnot.Buttheycanputextrabedsinyourroomforchildren.

M:Andwhatrestaurantsarethere

W:Therearefivedifferentrestaurants--Italian,Chinese,Thai,IndiaandAmerica.Youcaneatlunchandsupperinanyofthem,butI’mafraidyoucanonlyhavebreakfastintheChineserestaurant.

M:It’ssaidthatthecenterofferswatersports.CanIplayothersports,badminton,forexample

W:I’msorry.I’mafraidyoucan’t.Theyonlyhavewatersportsatthecenter.

Text8

M:Maria,wouldyouliketobeonmyteaminnextweek’sgeneral-knowledgecompetitionAlloftheteamswillbegivenasetofquestionstoanswer,andtheteamthatgetsthemostcorrectanswerswins.

W:Sure,IguessIcouldplay.Butwhydoyouwantmeonyourteam

M:Well,ourteamalreadyhasmemberswhoareinterestedinhistoryandmath.Butwe’renotgoodatgeography.Weneedsomeonestronginit--likeyou!

W:Well,geographyismyfavoritesubject.Youcancountmein!ShouldIstudyforthis

M:Hmm...It’shardtostudyforthiskindofcompetition.Butifyouwant,Ihaveexamplesofquestionsfromlastyear’scontest.Alistlikethatwouldgiveyouageneralideaofwhattoexpect.

W:Thatwouldbegreat.Sowillitbeheldinthelibrary

M:Notthistime.Thisyearit’llbeheldinthegym.Alotmoreteamsaresigninguptoplaythistime,sotheyhavetomoveittoaplacewithmorespace.Eventhecafeteriaisn’tbigenough.

Text9

M:Hi,Jane.Thesummerholidayisaroundthecorner.Wherewouldyouliketogo

W:Oh,thecoastdefinitely!Iloveswimmingandsunbathing.

M:Thatsoundsawful.I’dbeboredwithinaday!

W:WouldyouButthere’ssomuchtodobytheocean,youknow,allsortsofwater-sports--sailing,water-skiinganddiving.

M:Sorry,it’snotmyideaofaholiday.Ilikevisitingoldcities,youknow,whereyoucantryoutanewhobby,likepaintingorphotography.

W:CitiesButyouliveinacityandworkinalibrary.

M:Hey,thereareusuallysomefantasticoldbuildingsincities.Andpeoplearealwaysinteresting.

W:Well,Ilovemeetingnewpeopletoo.ButI’dhatetospendmyholidayinacity--thenoiseanddirtandcrowds.AndwheredoyoustayCitiescanbeprettyexpensive.

M:Tooright!ButthereareusuallysomeniceandaffordablebedandbreakfastaccommodationsontheInternet.Andwhataboutyou

W:Oh,I’llbecamping.

M:You’rejoking!Itmightbecheap,but...butIlikemycomfortableandwarmbedatnight.

Text10

WelcometothetouroftheHillHouse.Builtin1904,thishouseisoneofthemostwell-knownworksofCharlesHill,afamousarchitect.Itwasdesignedandbuiltforalocalbusinessmanandhisfamily.Now,pleaseallowmetointroduceitbriefly.Beforebeginninghisdesign,thearchitectspentsometimeintheowner’soldhome,observingtheirlifeandstudyingtheirhabits.Afterlearningthattheowner’smaindesirewastohaveahomethatcouldbeoneinamillion,thearchitectcameupwithaspecialdesign.Thestyleofthebuildingwasdifferentfromthatoftheperiod.Insteadofwoodandbrick,thehousewasmadeofconcrete,anewmaterialinthosedays.Insidethehousewerepiecesoffurnitureoriginallybuilttothedesignandyouwillseetheyarestillingoodcondition.However,thosepiecesinthechildren’sbedroomshavebeendestroyed.Luckily,exceptthose,allthedesignsforthebuildinganditsothercontentshavebeenwellpreserved,sowe’vebeenabletoenjoythisremarkablehouse.Now,let’sbeginwiththelivingroom.威海市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試

英語

本試卷共10頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whenwillthewoman’smothergettoLondon

A.OnAugust15th.B.OnAugust16th.C.OnAugust17th.

2.Howwillthewomanprobablygotothecinema

A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.Acelebrity.B.Amuseum.C.Aprovince.

4.Whatadvicedoesthewomanneed

A.Howtoloseweight.B.Howtojogproperly.C.Howtobalancethediet.

5.Whathappenedtothewoman

A.Shegotaflattire.

B.Shewasknockedover.

C.Shelostcontrolofherbike.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7題。

6.WheredoesMarkprobablywork

A.Inahospital.B.Inanursinghome.C.Inarestaurant.

7.WhatdoesMarkthinkofhisjob

A.It’seasy.B.It’scomfortable.C.It’senjoyable.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatkindofroomsdoesthecenteroffer

A.Singlerooms.B.Familyrooms.C.Doublerooms.

9.Whereisbreakfastserved

A.IntheThairestaurant.

B.IntheItalianrestaurant.

C.IntheChineserestaurant.

10.Whichsportmightbeofferedbythecenter

A.Yoga.B.Swimming.C.Badminton.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo

A.Answersomequestions.B.Joinhisteam.C.Watchacompetition.

12.Whatsubjectisthewomangoodat

A.Math.B.History.C.Geography.

13.Wherewillthecompetitionbeheld

A.Inthegym.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthecafeteria.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatdoesthewomanliketodoinholidays

A.Dowatersports.B.Takephotographs.C.Paintpictures.

15.Wheredoesthemanprefertospendaholiday

A.Onthecoast.B.Inoldcities.C.Inlibraries.

16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcampingatnight

A.Uncomfortable.B.Expensive.C.Interesting.

17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？

A.Holidayplans.B.Summeractivities.C.Travelexperience.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatmightthespeakerbe

A.Anarchitect.B.Atourguide.C.Abusinessman.

19.WhatwastheHillHousemadeof

A.Wood.B.Brick.C.Concrete.

20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheHillHouse

A.Well-preserved.B.Well-decorated.C.Environment-friendly.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Withbrandnewproductsconstantlyemerging,itcanbehardtokeeptrackofwhatthingstosellin2023.Thesecrettosellingnewpopularproductsistofindwinningproductsbeforetheybecomemainstream.Soifyou’relookingforthebestnewproductsof2023beforeyourcompetitorsdiscoverthem,readon.

Smarttemperaturesensors

Withmostcountrieshavingfourseasonsinayear,smarttemperaturesensorswillsurelyattractcustomersfromaroundtheglobe.Peoplecanusethesensortocheckthetemperature,humiditylevel,etc.Then,theycansharethisdatawithothersmartdevicesthatregulatethetemperatureintheirroom(smartheaters,curtains,etc.).Therichfunctionalitymakesitoneofthebestproductstosellin2023.

Biomagneticearstickers

We’dneverimaginedadaywhenearringswouldhelpyouimprovebloodcirculation(循環(huán)),butthatdayhascome.Biomagneticearstickersputpressureonyourearsandstimulatebloodflow.It’ssaidthatmagnetscanalsohelpwithweightloss.However,besurenottomakeanyclaimsabouthowmuchweightyourcustomerswilllose.Notmakingdefinitiveclaimsisacommonpracticeinfitnessandhealthcaretoavoidlegalaction.

Reusablestraws

Reusablestrawsmakeagreatproduct,especiallyifyouhaveaneco-friendlyproductstore.Youcanpositiontheproductasgoodfortheenvironmentwhileprotectingmarinelifefromplasticwaste.Remember:abusinessthatmakestheworldabetterplaceisthebestkindofbusiness.

Whatmakessmarttemperaturesensorsgetpopular

A.Beingself-operating.B.Beingeco-friendly.

C.Beingmulti-functional.D.Beingmoney-saving.

22.Whymightpeoplechoosebiomagneticearstickers

A.Tomonitorhealth.B.Toboostbloodflow.

C.Tosharpenhearing.D.Tolowerbloodpressure.

23.Whoisthetextintendedfor

A.Productdesigners.B.Storekeepers.

C.Fashioncustomers.D.Environmentalists.

B

NASAhasputUranusfrontandcenteraccordingtoitslatestreport.Itstoppriorityforthenextdecadeofspaceexplorationinsolarsystemisspendingseveralbilliondollarsonanewimportantmissiontotheouterplanet.

Uranusdeservesacloserlook.Onlyonespacecraft,Voyager2,hasevervisitedtheseventhplanetfromthesunin1986.Thevisitwasshort:Uranuswasonestoponthe1986tourofthesolarsystem,andthespacecraftmadeitsobservationswhileonthemove.WhatscientistsarerecommendingnowisamissionspecificallydesignedtostudyeverythingabouttheUraniansystem,includingtheplanet,itsmoonsanditsrings.

Onemightassumethatweareprettyfamiliarwithourneighbor.However,evenwiththebestspacetelescopes,itisdifficulttostudyaplanetthatistwiceasfarfromEarthasisSaturn,andmuchsmallerthanSaturn.NameanyaspectoftheUraniansystem,andplanetaryscientistscangiveyoualistofunansweredquestionsaboutit.Unliketheotherplanets,Uranusspins(高速旋轉(zhuǎn))onitsside,possiblytheresultofacrashwithanEarth-sizedobjectlongago.Thisuniquetilt(傾斜)causesthemostextremeseasonsinthesolarsystem.

BygettingtoknowUranus,planetaryscientistscanlearnaboutaclassofplanetscalledicegiants,oneofthemostcommonplanetsbeyondoursolarsystem.Inordertoknowmoreabouticegiants,scientistsshouldexaminemorecloselyoneofourown.TheypickedUranusoverNeptuneforpracticalreasons.Forexample,Neptune,whichsince2023hashadthedistinctionofbeingtheoutermostplanetinoursolarsystem,isfarther.Withtherocketsystemscurrentlyinoperation,Uranusiseasiertoreach.

Planetaryscientistssawthemissionasabreakthroughbecauselittleisknownabouticegiants.It’ssuretherearegoingtobelotsofsurprisesoncemangetsthere.

24.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe1986visittoUranus

A.Itwascostlybutfruitful.B.Uranus’moonswerefound.

C.Itwasspeciallydesigned.D.Uranuswasobservedonthemove.

25.Whatdoestheunderlined“ourneighbor”inparagraph3referto

A.Moon.B.Earth.C.Saturn.D.Uranus.

26.WhatmakestheUranusmissionsoimportant

A.Morewillbeknownabouticegiants.

B.UranusisaringedplanetlikeNeptune.

C.Uranusisthefarthestplanetthatcanbereachednow.

D.ThecauseofUranus’extremeseasonswillbeexplained.

27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext

A.TorevealthemysteriesofUranus.

B.TointroduceanexploringfocusofNASA.

C.Tostressscientists’effortsatspaceexploration.

D.TodiscussthepossibilitiesofexploringUranus.

C

Whenstormscomerollinginacrosstheocean,theystruckcoastlineswithtremendousforce.Luckily,forthousandsofmilesoftropicalcoastlines,naturehasprovidedaremarkableformofprotection:coralreefs.

Thesecolorfulwondersarebestknownfortheirdiversityoflife,theirplentifulseafood,andtheirdrawtoscuba-divingtourists.Buttheyarealsoastonishinglydurableandfirmstructures,builtbytinyanimalswithcalciumcarbonateskeletons(碳酸鈣骨架),whichprovideanimportantservicetothecoastlinesstandingbehindthem—theycanabsorbupto97%ofwaveenergy.

Anewstudyestimatesthatreefsofferprotectiontoupto5.3millionpeopleand$109billioningrossdomesticproduct(GDP)perdecade.Themapsinthestudyscientistsgeneratedareatamuchfinerresolution(分辨率)thanpreviousanalyses,whichallowsuserstoviewcoralreefswithmoredetailsandseewherereefsprovidethehighestdegreeofprotectionforpeople,GDPandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).“Thislevelofdetailmeanswecanusethisinformationinpracticalways,likeinthemarinespacialplanningwedotoinformconservationstrategiesaroundtheworld,”saysDr.Spalding,theco-authorofthestudy.Moreaccuratedataonwherereefsprotectpeopleandinfrastructurefromdestructivewavescanhelpimprovedecision-makingaboutwhichreefstoprotect.

Wehavealreadylosthalfoftheworld’sreefs,andscientistspredictwecouldloseupto90%ifactionsarenottakentoprotectthem.Effectivemanagementstrategiesarevitaltosupportingreefhealthandrecovery.

Coralreefsareoftenselectedforconservationbasedontheirecologicalsignificance,whichmaymeantheyarelocatedinremoteplaces,awayfromthemoredirecteffectsofhumanpressureslikedevelopmentandpollution.“Wearefailingourselvesaswellasnatureifwedon’talsoconsiderprotectingthereefsthatarelocatedclosertohumans,”saysSpalding.“Thesearethereefsthatprotectusandprovideforusinabundance.Let’slookafterthem.”

28.Whichfunctionofcoralreefsismainlydiscussedinthetext

A.Nurturingdiverselivingthings.B.Offeringplentifulseafood.

C.Attractingscuba-divingtourists.D.Reducingtheforcesofwaves.

29.Towhichfieldcanthefindingsbeapplied

A.Eco-tourism.B.Urbanplanning.

C.Reefrecovery.D.Deep-seaexploration.

30.WhyshouldweprotectthereefsneartohumansaccordingtoSpalding

A.Becausetheyprotectandprovideforhumans.

B.Becausetheyaremorebeautifulthanremotereefs.

C.Becausetheyareofhigherecologicalsignificance.

D.Becausetheyprovidebetterhabitatsformarinelife.

31.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext

A.CoralReefsasCoastalDefendersB.TheSecretsofCoralReefs

C.NewWaysofCoralReefConservationD.CoastlinesbehindCoralReefs

D

Zaraisnowoneoftheworld’shottestfashionchains.ThesecrettoitssuccessisthatZarastandsoutinsupplychainmanagement.Infact,Zarasucceedsbyfirstbreakingandthenrewritingindustryrules.

Industryrulenumberone:Avoidstock-outs(缺貨).FromZara’spointofview,stock-outsareagoodthing,sinceoccasionalshortagescontributetoashopper’surgeto“buynow”.AtZara,itemsselloutfast,withnewproductsarrivingatstorestwiceaweek.Bygivingjustashortwindowofopportunitytopurchasealimitedquantityofproducts,Zara’scustomersaremotivatedtovisitthestoresmorefrequently.

Rulenumbertwo:Outsource(外包)forcheaperproduction.Incontrasttotraditionaloutsourcingproduction,Zarahasdevelopedasuper-responsivesupplychainbyconcentratingmorethanhalfofitsproductioninSpain(thebirthplace)anditsnearbycountries.Thismeansitcandesign,produce,anddeliveranewitemofclothingtoitsstoresinaquarterofthenormaltime.Also,outsourcingmaynotnecessarilybe“l(fā)owcost”.Errorsintrendpredictioncaneasilyleadtounsoldinventory(庫存),forcingtheirretailstorestoofferbiggerdiscounts(打折).Zara’sabilitytodesignandmakenewclothesquicklymeansshorterleadtimesandanever-changinginventory.Soitsellsmoreatfullprice.

Rulenumberthree:Goforefficiencythroughmassproduction.Byproducingproductsinlargequantities,asistheindustrynorm,companiescanbenefitfromit.Zara,however,intentionallydealsinsmallnumbers.Becauseofthegreaterflexibilityandspeedthisapproachaffords,Zaradoesnotworryaboutmissingtheboatwhenitcomestotrends.Whennewtrendsemerge,Zaracanreactquickly.Also,itrunsitssupplychainwithafastbutpredictablerhythm:EverystoreplacesordersonTuesday/WednesdyandFriday/Saturday.Bothstorestaffandregularcustomersknowexactlywhenshipmentswillarrive.

Certainly,Zarahasnoshortageofcompetitors.Butfewhavesuccessfullycopieditsfastfashionandflexiblebusinessmodelyet.

32.WhydocustomersvisitZarastoresmorefrequently

A.Becauseofitsregularhugediscounts.

B.Becauseofitswidevarietyofclothing.

C.Becauseofthehighqualityofitsproducts.

D.Becauseoflimitedavailabilityofitsitems.

33.HowhasZaradevelopedasuper-responsivesupplychain

A.Bypredictingfuturefashiontrendsaccurately.

B.Bydesigningandmakingnewclothesquickly.

C.Bymakingmostofgoodsinornearitsheadquarters.

D.Byhavingfactoriesindifferentcountriesaroundtheworld.

34.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedphrase

A.Beingtoolatefordelivery.

B.Workingonatightschedule.

C.Failingtotakeadvantageofachance.

D.Producingproductsinlargequantities.

35.What’sthetextmainlyabout

A.UpsanddownsofZara.

B.SecretstoZara’ssuccess.

C.Rulesofthefashionindustry.

D.Competitioninthefashionindustry.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Itcanfeelgoodtoberight,butwhenwefindnewinformationthatmakesusfeelgoodaboutsomethingwealreadybelieve,howcanwebesurewearen’tjustengaginginconfirmationbias(確認(rèn)偏誤)

Confirmationbiasisourtendencytoseekoutinformationthatconfirmsourexistingbeliefs.

36Thesewaysareaimedatsupporting,ratherthanchallenging,pre-existingbeliefs.Thisisespeciallytrueforinformationaboutthingsthatfeelveryimportanttous.Peopleusuallydon’tengageinconfirmationbiasonpurpose.Butresearchhasfoundthatitisreal.37

Forexample,ifanactoryousupportwascaughtinascandal(丑聞),youmightbemorelikelytobelieveexplanationsthatmakehimlooklessguilty.38

SowhatcanwedotoavoidconfirmationbiasOnethingwecandoistotrytolookforstrongevidencethatactuallycontradicts(相矛盾)ourbeliefs.Thiscanhelpuscheckifweonlybelievecertainthingsinsteadofconsideringotherpossibilities.39Evenifwedon’tagreewiththem,wemightlearnwhysomeonethinksthewaytheydo.Itcanhelpusunderstandthattheremaybeotherwaystoseethesameissue.

40Thethingwemostwanttobelievemightnotbetrue.Weshouldtrytolearnmorebeforedecidinghowwefeelaboutsomething,evenifit’sveryimportanttous.Butthat’softeneasiersaidthandone.

A.Anditinfluencespeople’sjudgment.

B.Unfortunately,itcanbeverydifficulttospot.

C.Wetendtoignoreinformationthatcontradictsit.

D.Itcanalsobehelpfultotalktopeoplewhodon’tshareourbeliefs.

E.Mostimportantly,wehavetobecarefulnottojumptoconclusions.

F.Italsodescribesourattempttofindwaysofexplainingunclearinformation.

G.Meanwhile,peoplewhodislikehimwouldprobablybelievewhatmakeshimlookworse.

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

PartofmyyouthremainsinChina,inthesuburbsofHangzhouwherepeoplelivedaleisurelylife.Theroadswerebarely41enoughforonecartopassthrough,notthatverymanypeopleknewhowto42.MygrandpaownedabicycletopedalmetowhereverIwantedtogo.

Thebicycleonlyhadroomforone43,soIwalkedwithmygrandparentswheneverwethreewentdowntowntobuyourgroceriesinthe44.Mygrandparentsonlyboughtthe

45vegetables,especiallysowhenitcametopurplecorn.Theyknewwhichcornwasthemosttenderjustbytakinga46atthehusks(殼).

Oncebackhome,grandparentswenttocook,andwithinhalfanhour,steamingpurplecornswerelaidoutonthetable.Iwasnota(n)47granddaughterandoftenburnedmyfingerspickingupthecorn,butmy48wereforgottenafterthefirstbite.Thekernels(玉米粒)stucktomyteethandfilledmymouthwith49.Ichewedthecornuntilmyjaw

50andmyteethwerestainedpurple,leavingasweetaftertasteonmy