2023高考英語二輪專題復習：推理判斷題-依文推理定選項課件

專題一閱讀理解專題一閱讀理解第二講推理判斷題——依文推理定選項推理判斷題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。解答該類題目時一定要從整體上把握語篇內(nèi)容，在語篇的表面意義與隱含意義、已知信息與未知信息之間架起橋梁，透過字里行間，去體會作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在進行推斷時，要據(jù)文推理、合情推理，不可脫離原文主觀臆斷。高考對推理判斷題的考查形式包括細節(jié)推理題、寫作意圖題、觀點態(tài)度題和文章出處題或讀者對象題。專題一閱讀理解一、推理判斷題的4大題型分類考查內(nèi)容設問方式細節(jié)推理題細節(jié)推理題要求根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容推斷具體細節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識進行推理判斷。只有正確把握文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理解文章的真正含義，才可能作出準確的推斷注意題干中常用的六個動詞：infer，indicate，imply，suggest(暗示)，conclude和assume。該類型的命題方式常常以下列形式呈現(xiàn)：Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____．Thewriter/authorindicates/suggests/impliesthat________．Whatcanweinferabout...？專題一閱讀理解續(xù)上表寫作意圖題寫作意圖題要求根據(jù)文章的論述，揣測作者的寫作意圖及運用某種寫作手段的目的。通常情況下，作者在文中不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文中所列事例使讀者感受到其所傳遞的想法。所以，這種題型要求具備對作者闡述的內(nèi)容進行總結和分析的能力關于整篇文章寫作意圖的常見設問方式有：Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?Whatisthepurpose/intentionoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?Forwhatpurposedidtheauthorwritethepassage?Thewriterwritesthispassageinorderto________.專題一閱讀理解續(xù)上表觀點態(tài)度題高考對觀點態(tài)度題的設題形式越來越靈活，題目難度也有所增加，考查作者對文中人、事、物或內(nèi)容的觀點或態(tài)度的題較多，對學生對文章的理解提出了更高的要求，學生要利用多種閱讀技巧來仔細確定題干的關鍵信息，借此定位文中的原句并準確推斷出答案近幾年高考真題中常見的設題形式有：Howdoestheauthorfeelabout...?Whatdoestheauthorthinkof...?Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards/to...?Theauthor'sattitudetowards...canbedescribedas________.專題一閱讀理解續(xù)上表文章出處題或讀者對象題文章出處題要求具備一定的常識，能夠根據(jù)文章的體裁和題材來推斷文章的出處或類別。讀者對象題要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容和文中的措辭來推斷該類題型常見的設題形式有：Inwhichofthefollowingwouldthispassagemostlikelybefound?Wherewouldthepassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageisprobablyintendedfor______．Thetextiswrittenmainlyfor________.專題一閱讀理解二、推理判斷題的5大命題陷阱推理判斷題是為了考查學生能否讀懂文章中字里行間隱含的含義，能否以文章中所敘述的事實為依據(jù)，經(jīng)過自己的思考和判斷進行客觀的推理，從而得出結論。因此，命題者常常設置一些干擾項，沒讀懂文章的學生很容易受其“迷惑”而“誤入歧途”，掉入命題者精心設置的“陷阱”。陷阱(一)主觀臆斷

選項沒有基于原文進行推斷，而是主觀猜測想象或根據(jù)常識進行猜測專題一閱讀理解[典例]

(2022·全國甲卷)EverywhereinSydneythesedays，changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號)，andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald，thecity'sofficialhistorian，toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s，Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast，includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself，”shesaid.“Wecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It'saconflictthatwearen'tgettinganybetteratresolving(解決)．”34．WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A．Itislosingitstraditions.B．Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C．Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D．Itisbecomingmoreinternational.專題一閱讀理解[解析]根據(jù)本段第一句“EverywhereinSydneythesedays，changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號)，andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.”以及“...toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s，Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast，includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.”可知，ShirleyFitzgerald認為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，使得它正在失去原本的傳統(tǒng)。C、D兩項內(nèi)容原文中根本未出現(xiàn)，屬于主觀臆斷。[答案]

A專題一閱讀理解陷阱(二)邏輯顛倒

某些選項顛倒原文邏輯，例如錯誤歸因、倒置目的與手段等[典例]

(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934，betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.專題一閱讀理解30．WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A．Thestamppricehasgonedown.B．Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C．Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D．Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.[解析]根據(jù)本段第一句可知，聯(lián)邦政府將出售鴨票的部分收入投入候鳥保護基金，用來保護水禽、濕地和野生動物棲息地。該項法案的直接結果是政府籌集到了資金，D項所述符合句意。干擾項B說候鳥飛離，是1934年頒布法案的原因，而非頒布法案的結果，屬于邏輯顛倒。[答案]

D專題一閱讀理解陷阱（三）過度推斷或以偏概全

有時作者僅簡單、客觀敘述事實，并未作出評論，而部分選項卻擴大作者的敘述范圍、進行過度推斷；或者針對原文中某一句話進行推斷，忽略了其他信息，造成以偏概全錯誤[典例]

(2021·天津卷)Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut，onceyouexploretheirdepths，youdiscoverthattheyare.MyeditorToni，whoisalsoawriter，haseditedseveralhistorybooks.ShehasdecidedtostudyChinesehistory.FascinatedbythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter，sheisequallyinterestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy.“Idon'tknowwhereitwilllead，butI'mexcitedI'monthispursuit.”專題一閱讀理解54．WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleofToni?A．Passionalonedoesnotensureaperson'ssuccess.B．In-depthexplorationmakesdiscoveriespossible.C．Everyonehasachancetosucceedintheirpursuit.D．Seeminglyunrelatedinterestsareinawayconnected.[解析]根據(jù)本段第三句可知，作者引用Toni的例子意在說明看似沒有關系的興趣實際在聯(lián)系著。干擾項C說Everyonehasachancetosucceedintheirpursuit，而原文中只提到Toni正在追求自己的興趣，并未評價是否成功，也更不能推斷出所有人都有希望成功，屬于過度推斷。[答案]

D專題一閱讀理解陷阱(四)偷換概念

某些選項的內(nèi)容與原文句子結構、詞匯使用高度相似，僅在不起眼處略微改動用詞，或截取部分原文中出現(xiàn)過的關鍵詞，但整體意思不符合原文主旨，此類選項干擾性較強[典例]

(2021·全國乙卷)Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(來源)ofplasticpollution，butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand，becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight，theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone，thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.專題一閱讀理解29．Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A．Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B．Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C．Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D．Tofindasubstituteforthem.[解析]學生可能因為看到B項中的useful，認為應對應原文中Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.中的usedfor，從而誤選B項。然而原文只是說被收集的吸管很可能僅使用過幾分鐘，并不是說明吸管的有用性，該選項屬于偷換概念。根據(jù)本段第二句可知，作者討論塑料吸管的目的在于說明塑料吸管非常難以回收。[答案]

A專題一閱讀理解陷阱(五)背離主題選項背離了文章的主題思想[典例]

(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore，butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem.“Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis，”Dr.Petroskiwrites，Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.30．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Failurecanleadtoprogress.B．Successresultsinoverconfidence.C．Failureshouldbeavoided.D．Successcomesfromjointefforts.專題一閱讀理解[解析]根據(jù)尾段中的“Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement”可知，失敗帶來了進步，A項符合題意。干擾項C說人們應避免失敗，與尾段主旨相矛盾，屬于背離主題。[答案]

A專題一閱讀理解三、推理判斷題的7大解題技法推理判斷題中的正確選項是依據(jù)文章的事實或論據(jù)推斷出的符合邏輯的結論或觀點，它一般具有以下特征：(1)“立足原文，只推一步，”即根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容，一步即可推得。(2)選項中一般不可以出現(xiàn)絕對概念，如

only，never，all，absolutely等，正確答案的表述一般有一點模糊，會用一些相對能夠留有余地的詞匯，如

often，usually，sometimes，some，may，might，can，could，possibly，probably等。對于推理判斷題，學生在平時的備考中要多注意從整體上把握語篇內(nèi)容，判斷文章體裁，通過分析文章結構找到主題段，定位主題句，再分析其他各段與主題之間的關系，理清文章脈絡和結構；此外，還應學會理解字里行間的隱含意義，在已知信息與未知信息之間架起橋梁，領會字里行間的“弦外之音”。具體方法如下：專題一閱讀理解技法(一)根據(jù)作者的思想傾向和感情色彩推斷觀點態(tài)度此方法適用于推斷作者及文中人物的觀點、態(tài)度、情感等。觀點和態(tài)度一般分為三類：支持或反對、樂觀或悲觀、主觀或客觀。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩往往隱含在文中的字里行間。解答此類題目應多注意行文中的措辭，特別是具有感情色彩的形容詞或副詞[典例]

(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport，theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重視)onemotionbyemployers，educatorsand專題一閱讀理解othersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.34．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?A．Favorable.

B．Intolerant.

C．Doubtful.

D．Unclear.[解析]根據(jù)本段第一句中的“theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful”可知，作者認為情商的普及整體上利大于弊，由此可知，作者對于情商的普及持支持態(tài)度。[答案]

A專題一閱讀理解技法(二)根據(jù)特定信息和逆向思維進行推斷有些推理判斷題，可根據(jù)題干提供的信息，到原文中去抓關鍵信息，然后進行分析、推理、判斷，利用逆向思維，從而得出正確答案[典例]

(2022·全國乙卷)Today'sfigures，accordingtoonegovernmentofficial，showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(設施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance，andtheindustryisplayingitspart.35．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A．Itisashort-sighteddecision.B．Itisasuccessstory.C．Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D．Itupsetscustomers.專題一閱讀理解[解析]本題詢問的是“關于采用糖稅政策可以推斷出什么”，根據(jù)文段中的“Today'sfigures，...showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(設施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance，andtheindustryisplayingitspart.”可知，今天的數(shù)字顯示了糖稅對體育設施和學校的健康飲食的積極影響。幫助下一代擁有一個健康且積極的童年是非常重要的，而這個行業(yè)正在發(fā)揮其作用。由此可推斷，采取糖稅政策是一個成功的例子。故選B項。[答案]

B專題一閱讀理解技法(三)利用語境的褒貶性進行信息推斷文章是作者抒發(fā)感情、表達觀點的一種方式。因此，很多文章，尤其是記敘文和議論文，其語境都有一定的褒貶性，這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理和情緒狀態(tài)以及作者的寫作意圖。利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能在把握主旨的基礎上對文章準確地進行邏輯判斷。找出反映語境褒貶性及變化的標志性詞匯或句子，對掌握文章主旨大意、了解主人公的心理特點及發(fā)展變化，從而正確地進行邏輯推斷很有用處專題一閱讀理解[典例]

(2021·全國甲卷)Inthesciencesandarts，thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen，ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors，andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women，orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.32．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A．They'reunfair.B．They'reconservative.C．They'reobjective.D．They'restrict.專題一閱讀理解[解析]根據(jù)本段最后一句可知，當女性、有色人種、有不同信仰的人對社會做出貢獻后，他們并不能得到認可。該句對當時的評價標準作出了否定，作者認為這種現(xiàn)象是不公平的。因此解答本題應當從上文語境中對不公平的批評出發(fā)。[答案]

A專題一閱讀理解技法(四)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯進行結論推斷結論推斷是指嚴格根據(jù)文章中所陳述的事實、論點、例證等一系列論據(jù)材料進行推理，從而得出合乎邏輯的結論。解答這類題的前提是獲得文章的主題思想或列舉的具體事實，然后按題目的要求進行推斷[典例]

(2021·全國甲卷)PortLympneReserve，whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme，haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽)．WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31，shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival，especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng))．專題一閱讀理解24．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A．Costly.

B．Controversial.C．Ambitious.D．Successful.[解析]根據(jù)本段第二句中的“shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve”可知，該動物保護區(qū)已經(jīng)成功繁育出40頭稀有黑犀牛；再根據(jù)最后一句中的“especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity”，可知，黑犀牛的繁育難度很高。綜合前面兩句提供的信息可以推斷出，黑犀牛的繁育效果很好，再結合上下文語境可以推知該項目非常成功。[答案]

D專題一閱讀理解技法(五)整合全文(段)信息進行推斷有些推理判斷題，很難從某一句話或某幾句話推斷出其含義，這時就需要在理解全文(段)意思的基礎上，整合與題目相關的有用信息，綜合起來去推理判斷，從而確定最佳答案[典例]

(2021·全國甲卷)Southbank，ataneasternbendintheThames，isthecenterofBritishskateboarding，wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(橫桿)，Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand，andTobycameover，helpingmeup:Safe，專題一閱讀理解man.Safe.Afewminuteslater，whenIlandedthetrick，myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud，shouting：“Safe！Safe！Safe！”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks，beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15，myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere，butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears，I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004，IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank，spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince，mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear;touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving(穿梭)amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards，Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager，inabaggywhiteT-shirt，專題一閱讀理解skidded(滑)uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago，”Itoldhim.Then，slowly，hebegantonodhishead.“Safe，man.Safe.”30．WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A．Tojointheskateboarding.

B．Tomakenewfriends.C．Tolearnmoretricks. D．Torelivehischildhooddays.專題一閱讀理解[解析]本題需要結合第一段、第二段和第三段的內(nèi)容進行綜合分析。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者通過玩滑板融入了當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境、結交了新的朋友，并度過了一段快樂的時光；第二段敘述了作者一家搬去華盛頓后，由于周圍的人并不像Southbank附近的人那么熱情，作者不再像以前一樣快樂地玩滑板了。因此，他返回倫敦時，去Southbank的目的在于重溫當年的快樂時光。結合全文信息可推斷出答案。[答案]

D專題一閱讀理解技法(六)根據(jù)文章體裁和內(nèi)容推斷文章出處判斷文章出處的題目應從文章的體裁和內(nèi)容著手。一般來說，報紙上的新聞前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點或通訊社名稱等；廣告類文章因其格式特殊，容易辨認；產(chǎn)品說明類文章如器皿、設備的使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式，而藥品的服用說明會告知服用的時間、次數(shù)、藥量等；來自網(wǎng)絡的文章一般比較新穎，時效性強專題一閱讀理解[典例]

(2022·全國乙卷)In1916，twogirlsofwealthyfamilies，bestfriendsfromAuburn，N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead，Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothing

Daunted：The

Unexpected

Education

of

Two

Society

Girls

in

the

WestbyDorothyWickenden，whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen？Well，theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon，however，theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.專題一閱讀理解Theymovedinwithalocalfamily，theHarrisons，and，likethem，hadlittleprivacy，rarebaths，andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings，RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring，thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden'sbook，sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism，whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads，whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies，ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.專題一閱讀理解Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff，onherhorse，lookingdownfromahilltop：“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains，itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes，coyotes，mice，andvaryinghares，whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”27．Whatisthetext?A．Anewsreport.

B．Abookreview.C．Achildren'sstory. D．Adiaryentry.專題一閱讀理解[解析]根據(jù)第一段中的“TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothing

Daunted：The

Unexpected

Education

of

Two

Society

Girls

in

the

WestbyDorothyWickenden，whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.”，第四段中的“InWickenden'sbook，sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism，whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.”和最后一段中的“Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.”可推知，本篇文章是一則書評。[答案]

B專題一閱讀理解技法(七)理解通篇大意、把握寫作意圖做推理判斷題時，應對整篇文章有完整、準確的理解，從總體上把握文章的主題，善于抓住文中的關鍵詞或關鍵句，對文章的引申含義進行分析。整合與題目相關的信息，綜合起來去把握寫作意圖，確定最佳結論[典例]

(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Inthemid-1990s，TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths，physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.專題一閱讀理解Hisvisit，however，endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat．Hencethisbook，Chasing

the

Sea：Lost

Among

the

Ghosts

of

Empire

in

Central

Asia，whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan，wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland，andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam，histranslator，alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia，OlegandNatasha，hishostsinTashkent，andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolice專題一閱讀理解methodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana，heattendsamountainfuneral(葬禮)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan，heissaddenedbytheduststorms，diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences，makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan，seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican，aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook.

B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter. D．Torecommendatraveldestination.專題一閱讀理解[解析]文章第一段提到，TomBissell在幾年之后回到烏茲別克斯坦，想寫一篇關于咸海消失的文章，結果寫成了一本書；接下來第二、三段詳細介紹了書中的內(nèi)容；最后一段是對這本書的總體評價。因此通過對本文大意的理解可判斷出，本文的寫作目的是介紹一本書。[答案]

A課堂新體驗A(2022·南京鹽城高三一模試題)I'mrathergoodatusingmaps.ButIforgotthemapsandherewewere，lateafternoon，lastdayofvacation，mydaughter，mycousinandI，drivingalongatwo-lanehighwayinOregon.Noothercarinsight，andthesunhadjustgonedown.Wherewasthatsweetlittlevillage?Itwassupposedtoberightalongthisriver.Wedroveon，fartherintotheunknownriveralwaysatleftasourguide.Wekeptpassingfarmsandfieldsandnowafewlightswerecomingout.Inmyhead，Iwasdoingalotofself-criticisms:Whydidn'twestartearlier，bringthemapandsoon？MycousinandIwerebothimpatientandstressed.Mydaughter，atleast，washappyinthebackseat，textingafriend.Ipulledupontheshoulderoftheroadtothink.專題一閱讀理解課堂新體驗Justthen—Wow！Amazing！Anewsceneappeared.Wherediditcomefrom?Rightthere，outofnowhere：amagicalmistylandscape.Fieldsstretchedinsilentpurple，withrowsoftalltrees，darkeninginthedusk(黃昏)．Iturnedthecarengineoff.Allwassilentinthehotsummerair.Besideus，aplum-colouredriverhardlymovedbetweenaborderoftrees，itsdarklazywaterreflectingthelastlightofday.Howbreathtaking！Wherehaditbeen？IfIhadseenevenabitofthisbeautywhiledrivingalong，Icouldhavestoppedandtakenalook.Ihadmisseditall.Wemissalot，almosteverything，infact，inourworld.Ourtask-focusedfilters(過濾器)takecareofthat，selectingonlywhatweneed.Weneedtogettowork.Have專題一閱讀理解課堂新體驗somelunch.Weseewhatweneedtosee，oftenforpurposesofsurvival.GregoryBateson，speakingofbeauty，saidthejudgmentisselectionofafact.Inourdailylives，whoorwhatisdoingtheselecting？Canwemakeachange？Canweseefurther?專題一閱讀理解【語篇解讀】在度假的最后一個下午，作者由于忘記帶地圖，在沿河岸駕車回家時突然發(fā)現(xiàn)找不到回家的路了，于是作者把車停在路基上思考回家的路。就在那時，作者突然發(fā)現(xiàn)眼前的夏日黃昏的美景，最后作者感嘆：我們的人生太過匆忙，做任何事情都是為了生存，所以我們錯過了很多生活中的美。課堂新體驗1．Whichofthefollowingmightbethedestinationoftheauthor'sdriving?A．Herownhome.

B．Avacationspot.C．Atouristcentre. D．Hercousin'sfarm.專題一閱讀理解解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的描述，可知，作者是度假的最后一個晚上沿著一條公路行駛，可推斷此時她們在返程，作者的目的地是自己的家。答案：A課堂新體驗2．Whatmadetheauthorkeepblamingherselfinthebeginning?A．Thatthevacationwasbelowherexpectations.B．Thatshewasn'tasgoodatusingmapsasbefore.C．Thathercousinanddaughtercouldn'tgetalong.D．Thatlackoffullpreparationsgothertoloseherway.專題一閱讀理解解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whydidn'twe...andsoon？”可知，作者自責沒有早點出發(fā)和帶上地圖等，可推知，作者因自己沒有充分準備導致迷了路而不斷自責。答案：D課堂新體驗3．Theauthorfeltreallyamazedbecause______________．A．hercarelessnessbroughtanunexpectedpleasure.B．shediscoveredatouristspotunknowntothepublic.C．sheunintentionallyreachedwhatshehadplanned.D．therightroutetoherdestinationcameoutofnowhere專題一閱讀理解解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)前兩段內(nèi)容可知，由于作者未充分準備而迷了路，再結合第三、四、五段的描述可知，作者突然看到了美麗的黃昏，由此可推知，作者的粗心令她欣賞到意想不到的黃昏美景。答案：A課堂新體驗4．Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A．Staycoolwhenyouaretrappedintrouble.B．Makeachangeforthepurposeofsurvival.C．Slowdownyourpacetoenjoythebeautyinlife.D．Bepositivebecausethere'salwaysanalternative.專題一閱讀理解解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可推知，作者想通過這個故事告訴我們：要放慢腳步，去享受生活中的美。答案：C課堂新體驗BMyhusbandjokeswithmethatmymidlifecrisiswashavingmynow11-year-olddaughterinmy40s.IstartedmycareerasAssociateEditoratWoman's

Worldmagazineinthelate1990s.ThenIwasamagazineeditor-in-chiefoffivenationalconsumerpublicationsandalsocontributedtomagazineslikeLongevityandNew

Woman.Fouryearsaftergettingmarriedin2005，Ieventuallygavebirthtomydaughter，Crystal.AsIwroteonParenting.com：“Asthedoctorcheckedhervitalorgansandmyhusbandcountedher10perfectfingersandtoes，Irealizedthatmybodyhadproducedawonder.”專題一閱讀理解課堂新體驗Whilemypeersweredealingwiththestressesofkidsinschool，Ifocusedmycreativeenergyoncarvingoutmynewidentity.IwasexcitedwhenIwasoffereda“Mum'sTalk”columnwhereIwroteabouttoys，breastfeeding，andmyongoingpursuitof“baby-free”time.WhenCrystalwas3yearsold，Iwroteanessayaboutwatchingherdanceatatoddler(學步的兒童)readinggroupinthelibrary，insteadofsittingdownwiththeotherchildren.Iexpectedherperformancetoannoypeople，butherjoyfuldancingattractedthemandmademeconsidermyownpossibilities.專題一閱讀理解“HadIeverbeenthatway，Iwondered.Ifso，couldIb