英語詞根詞綴解析課件

詞根詞綴整理1：常見的名詞后綴（1）表示“人和物”

-anAmericanhistorian-ianItalianCanadianpolitician-antassistantaccountantparticipant-entstudentpresidentresident-eeemployeetrainee-erwriterspeakerwaiter-oractorconductorsailor-esswaitresshostessactress-istsocialistnovelistscientistdentist

詞根詞綴整理1：常見的名詞后綴1（2）表示“性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作、行為”的抽象名詞

-abilitysuitabilityprobability-ibilitypossibilityresponsibility-agemarriageshortagecarriage-alarrivalrefusalrevivalsurvival-anceacceptanceimportancedistanceignorance-encedependenceexistencedifferenceconference-domfreedomwisdomseldom-eryslaverybraverydiscoverymasteryrobbery-hoodchildhoodadulthoodneighborhood-ionquestionconstructionelectionconduction-itioncompositioncompetition-ationmodernizationcivilizationalteration-ismpessimismoptimismsocialismMarxism-mentmovementgovernmentencouragement-nesskindnesscarelessness-shipfriendshipleadershiprelationship-ureexposurefailuremeasureleisurepleasure

（2）表示“性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作、行為”的抽象名詞-a22：常見的動(dòng)詞后綴(1)表示“使（成為）”“使……化”

-atecirculatedecorateregulatealternate-enstrengthenweakenbroadenwidenlighten-ifyclassifysimplifyspecifyqualifycertify-izerealizeorganizecriticizerecognize-ishastonishcherishestablishfinishpunishpolishvanishaccomplishabolish

2：常見的動(dòng)詞后綴(1)表示“使（成為）”“使……化33：常見形容詞后綴（1）表示“具有……性質(zhì)的”

-alnationalculturalnatural-anAmericanrepublican

-ianItalianCanadianChristian-antpleasantresistantdistantconstant-entdifferentconfidentexcellent-arynecessaryimaginarycustomary-orycompulsorycontradictory-ateconsiderateconsiderable

sensiblesensitiverespectablerespectivefortunate-eseChineseTaiwaneseCantonese-icheroicpoeticeconomic-sometroublesomehandsomequarrelsome3：常見形容詞后綴（1）表示“具有……性質(zhì)的”4(2)表示“充滿或缺乏”

-freeduty-freecare-freeworry-free-fulhopefulusefulwonderfulhelpful

-lesshopelessuselessneedless

-(i)ousdangerousvariousanxiousanxietyserious

-yrainycloudydirtyhairytrendyfishy

（3）表示“類似”-ishchildishstylishgreenish

-likechildlikebusinesslike

-lybrotherlyfriendlydeadlydeathly(2)表示“充滿或缺乏”（3）表示“類似”-ishch5

(4)表示“主、被動(dòng)意義-ablecomfortablelovablecapablebelievableportabledisable

-ibleresponsiblesensiblevisible

-iveactive

positivenegativepassivedecisive

extensiveexpensive(5)表示“方向”-warddownwardbackwardforwardwestwardeastwardupward(4)表示“主、被動(dòng)意義(5)表示“方向”64:常見的副詞后綴

-lystronglysuccessfullyquicklyangrilyslowly-ward(s)downwardseastwards-wiseclockwiselikewiseotherwise=or

4:常見的副詞后綴-ly7常見的前綴1：表示“否定或逆轉(zhuǎn)”

de-defeatdefenddefinedeformdis-disappeardisagreedisorderdisgustin-incorrectinactiveincapableinaccurateinconsiderateil-illegalillogicalilliberalim-impossibleimmatureimperfectimpatientir-irregularirrelevantirresponsiblemis-misusemisleadmisunderstandingnon-non-stopnonsensenon-violenceun-unhappyunluckyunpleasant常見的前綴1：表示“否定或逆轉(zhuǎn)”82：表示“時(shí)間順序”ex-ex-presidentex-wifeex-husbandfore-foretellforeheadforeseeforecastmid-middlemidfieldmidnightmidtermpost-post-warpostgraduatepostpone=defer

pre-prepareprepayprematurepredictre-recallrepairrebuildrewritereconstruct2：表示“時(shí)間順序”ex-ex-president93:表示“方向或位置”ex-exportexcludeexpelexertin-invadeincludeindicateindoorinfectim-importimmigrateimitateimpactimpairimpelinter-internationalinteractiveinterchangesub-subwaysubsequentsubstandardsubtitletele-telephonetelescopetelecommunicationtrans-transparenttransporttransplanttranslate

3:表示“方向或位置”ex-exporte104:表示“程度、大小或差別”macro-macroeconomicsmicro-microscopeMicrosoftmicro-ovenmini-minibusminiskirtminimumover-overworkoveruseoverhearsuper-supermarketsuperpowersuperbsuperstarunder-underdevelopedunderestimateunderlineunderminevice-vice-presidentvice-principal4:表示“程度、大小或差別”macro-macro115：表示“數(shù)量”bi-bicyclebimonthlybilingualbilateralkilo-kilometerkilogramkilohertzkilowattmono-monolingualmonologuemonopolymulti-multiplemultimediamultifunctionalmultinationalsemi-semifinalsemiconductorsemiconscioustri-triangletricycletripletrilateraluni-unicycleuniqueuniversaluniformunilateral

5：表示“數(shù)量”bi-bicycle126：變換詞類的前綴

be-befriendbelittlebeheaden-enableendangerenjoyenlargeendearencourageenrichensureenforceem-embraceemployembitterembodyembezzle

6：變換詞類的前綴be-befriendb13了解一些常見的詞根1:

audi=hearaudienceauditoriumaudibleaudition2:ced(cess)=goprecedeproceedprocesssuccessorsuccessiverecedeexceedexcess3:cept=takeexceptexceptionexceptionalacceptacceptanceacceptableinterceptreceptiondeceptionconceptconceptionreceptive4:circ=ringcircleencirclesemicirclecircularcirculatecirculationcircumstance了解一些常見的詞根1:audi=hear145:clud(clus)=close,shutexcludeexclusiveincludeinclusiveconcludeconclusionsecludesecluded(decide,decisive,decision)6:cord=heartrecordrecorderconcordconcordantaccordaccordantdiscorddiscordant7:cred=believe,trustcreditcrediblediscreditincrediblecredulousincredulous8:cur(curs,cour)=runoccuroccurrencecurrentcurrencycourseconcurrecurrentrecur

5:clud(clus)=close,shut159:dict(dic)=saycontradictdictatepredictpredictionindicateindicationdictionary

10:duc(duct)=leadeducateintroduceintroductionconductproductreducereductiondeduce11:fer=bring,carryconferenceconferdifferdifferentofferpreferpreferabletransferdefer

12:fus=pourrefuserefusalconfuseconfusiontransfusetransfusion13:ject=throw

projectinjectrejectrejectioninterjectsubjectsubjectiveobjectobjectiveabjectadjectiveeject

9:dict(dic)=say1614:log=speak

dialoguedialogapologyapologizemonologuelogic

15:medi=middle

immediateimmediatelymediummultimedia

intermediatemedievalMediterraneanmedicine

16:memor=memory

memorymemorizememomemorable

memorialcommemorateremembermisremember

17:mini=small,little

minimumminimizediminishminusminorminiskirtminority

18:miss(mit)=send

missiledismissemitpromisecompromisecommitsubmit

19:mot=move

motionmotivemotivatepromotepromotiondemoteremote

20:pel=push,drive

propelexpelrepelrepulsionrepulsivedispelcompelimpel

14:log=speak

dialogu1721:pend(pens)=hang

dependdependentindependent

suspend

suspensesuspensionappenddependdependable

22:port=carry

portableporterimportexporttransport

transportationreportsupportsupportivesport

23:pos=put

exposecomposecompositioncomposerpropose

proposaloppose

oppositedisposedisposalposeposition

purposedeposit

24:rupt=break

ruptureinterruptinterruptiondisruptbankruptcorrupt

erupteruption

25:sent(sens)=feel

sensesensationsentimentalconsentconsensusresent

sensiblesensitivenonsenseassentsentence

21:pend(pens)=hang

1826:sist=stand

resistresistantconsistconsistentassistassistant

existexistentinsistinsistentpersistpersistent

27:spect(spec)=look

spectacleprospectinspectexpectrespectsuspect

suspiciousspectatorspecialspecifyspecificspeculate

28:tain(ten,tin)=hold

containobtainsustainmaintaincontinuecontinual

continuousattainmountainfountainBritain