新課標(biāo)新高考之人教版高中英語選修七課時(shí)習(xí)題精做：Unit-2-Robots-Section-Ⅱ-含答案解析

Unit2RobotsSectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints課時(shí)習(xí)題精做Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Tohersatisfaction(satisfy)，althoughclumsyandoutofbreath,hersonbegantowalkslowly.2．Iwasalarmed(alarm)toseethatthemenwerecarryingguns.3．Serveabowlofwarmtomatosauceonthesidefordipping，ifdesired(desire)．4．Thelittlegirlimaginedherselftobeafamousdancerandheldherhandselegantly(elegant)．5．Ilookwithenvyonthoseluckypeoplewithbigfamilies.6．Ihavebeentryingtoringuptheclerkthewholemorning，butIcan'tgetthrough.7．WhenIsawthenewlydesignedcar，Icouldn'twaittotestitoutinperson.8．I'msorrytocallsolate，butIneedafavour.9．Atthattime，thebuswassocrowdedthatIcouldhardlyturnaround.10．Thechildreneatpiles(pile)ofbutterontheirbread，whichisnothealthy.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．WangPingdesiredthatyoupaidbackhermoney.paid→pay2．ItwasonyesterdaythatIsawhiminthelibrary.去掉on3．JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishimprovinginashortperiod.improving→improved4．WhatisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.What→It5．ItwasinthelabthatwastakenchargeofbyProfessorHarriswheretheydidtheexperiment.where→that6．Therestandstwostonelionsattheentranceoftheyard.stands→standⅢ.閱讀理解TOKYO—LonelyastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)maysoonbegettingarobotfriendfromJapan.Japan'sspaceagencyisconsideringputtingatalkinghumanoid(有人的特點(diǎn)的)robotontheISStowatchtheworkwhileastronautsareasleep，monitortheirhealthandstresslevelsandcommunicatetotheEarththroughthemicro-bloggingsiteTwitter.Japan'sspaceagencyJAXAannouncedthisweekthatitislookingataplantosendahumanoidrobottothespacestationin2013thatcouldcommunicatewiththegroundthroughTwitter—primarilyfeedingphotos，ratherthanoriginalideas—andprovideastronautswith“comfortandcompanionship”．FollowinguponUSNASA'S“Robonaut”R-2program，whichissetforlaunchontheDiscoveryshuttlenextweek，theJapaneserobotwouldbepartofalargerefforttocreateandrefinerobotsthatcanbeusedbytheelderly，JAXAsaidinastatement.Japanisoneoftheleadingcountriesinroboticsandhasarapidlyagingsocietywithoneoftheworld'slongestlifeexpectancies.ImprovingrobotcommunicationcapabilitiescouldhelpelderlypeopleontheEarthbyprovidinganonintrusive(無干擾的)meansofmonitoringtherobotowner'shealthandvitalsignsandsendinginformationtoemergencyrespondersifthereisanabnormality，JAXAsaid.“Wearethinkingintermsofaveryhumanlikerobotthatwouldhavefacialexpressionsandbeabletotalkwiththeastronauts，”saidJAXA'sSatoshiSano.TherobotwasbeingdevelopedwiththeadvertisingandcommunicationsgiantDentsuIncandateamatTokyoUniversity.TheNASAprojecthasahumanlikehead，handsandarmsandusesthesametoolsasstationcrewmembers.The“Robonaut”calledR-2isintendedtocarryoutmaintenancetasksinthestation'sDestinylab.NASAsaysithopesthathumanoidrobotscouldonedaystandinforastronautsduringspacewalksorperformtaskstoodifficultordangerousforhumans.Fornow，the$2.5millionNASArobotislimitedtoactivitieswithinthelab.【解題導(dǎo)語】文章主要介紹了由日本研發(fā)的機(jī)器人有望在太空以及日常生活中得以推廣與使用。1．Accordingtothepassage，ahumanoidrobot，putontheISS，shallcarryoutthetasksEXCEPT________.A．keepincontactwiththeEarthB．getafriendforastronautsfromJapanC．takecareoftheISSsometimesD．keepaneyeonthehealthoftheastronauts解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“towatchtheworkwhileastronautsareasleep，monitortheirhealthandstresslevelsandcommunicatetotheEarththroughthemicro-bloggingsiteTwitter”可知，B項(xiàng)中的內(nèi)容沒有出現(xiàn)，故B項(xiàng)正確。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A．NASAisplanningtocommunicatewiththespacestationthroughTwitter.B．Japanhasthelargestnumberofelderlypeople.C．Therobotprogramwilleventuallybenefittheelderly.D．R-2programisinthechargeofJapan'sJAXA.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段可知，這個(gè)機(jī)器人計(jì)劃最終會(huì)使老年人受益。故C項(xiàng)正確。3．Fromthepassagewecanknow________.A．robotscouldcompletelytaketheplaceofhumanastronautsinthefutureB．therobotprogram，havingcost$2.5million，cancarryoutalltasksC．manyJapaneseuniversitiesjoinedintherobotprogramD．futureastronautswillbecomelesslonelyandmorecomfortablewiththehelpoftherobot解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容以及文章的主要內(nèi)容可以判斷出D項(xiàng)正確。Ⅳ.完形填空(2019·山東臨沂一中高二期中)Inmanymoviesandbookssetinthefuture，robotscanflyspaceships，workasmaidsorbutlers，andevenactaspoliceofficers.The“K5”robotsarepartofatrialprogramtotestamachine'sabilityto1thedutiesofasafetyofficer.Therobotsare2withHDsecuritycameras，alarms，etc.Inaddition，theyhavean3intelligencesystemthatwillactasahumansecurityguardiftheynoticeanythingunusual.Therobots'softwarecanalsoanalyzefacesand4licenseplates(號碼牌)．Therobotscancheckwhetheraplatenumber5astolenvehicle.Plustherobots'on-boardcamerasareableto6good-qualityvideosinlow-lightconditions.TheK5isabletomovethroughitsenvironment7usingGPSaswellasaninternalnavigationsystem.EachtimetheK5is8toanewplace，ahumanusesawirelesscontrollerto9therobotaroundthearea.ThishelpstheK5“l(fā)earn”aboutits10.“Yougiveitabasemap11thenitstartsbuildingfromthat，”saysStacyStephens，theco-founderofKnightscope.Unlikehumans，theK5securityguardsdon'tneed12—theycanworkalmost24hoursaday.Therobotsrunonrechargeablebatteries，andasinglecharge1324hours.Ifarobotnoticesthatitsbatteryisgetting14，itwillreturntoachargingportandplugitselfin.It15only15～20minutestofullyrecharge，sotheK5sarenotoutof16forlong.17theK5maylookfriendlyanddoesnotcarryanyweapons,it'snotmeanttobemessedwith.Anear-piercingalarmwillsound18theK5istrappedformorethanafewminutes.Therobotsaredesignedtodothekindofworkahumansecurityguardwould19do，buttheyalsotakeontherepetitive(重復(fù)乏味的)andsometimes20guardwork，Stephensexplains.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了安保機(jī)器人K5的一些相關(guān)情況。1．A.perform B．conductC．declare D．witness解析：選Aperformaduty“履行職責(zé)”，是固定搭配，且符合此處的語境。conduct“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”；declare“宣布，宣稱”；witness“目睹，見證”。2．A.donated B．surroundedC．equipped D．decorated解析：選Cbeequippedwith“安裝有……”，符合此處的語境。donate“捐贈(zèng)”；surround“環(huán)繞”；decorate“裝飾”。3．A.adequate B．a(chǎn)rtificialC．a(chǎn)ware D．elegant解析：選B由空后面說的“如果發(fā)現(xiàn)異常情況，它們能起到人類保安的作用”可以推知，這些機(jī)器人裝有人工智能(artificialintelligence)系統(tǒng)。adequate“足夠的”；aware“意識到的”；elegant“優(yōu)雅的”。4．A.recommend B．writeC．reflect D．read解析：選D根據(jù)語境可知，機(jī)器人只能讀出(read)車輛的號碼牌，而不是推薦(recommend)、寫出(write)或反射(reflect)那些號碼牌。5．A.consistsof B．belongstoC．settlesin D．leavesout解析：選B上文提到K5機(jī)器人能起到安保的作用，因此它們能查出這個(gè)號碼牌是否屬于(belongto)被盜車輛。consistof“由……組成”；settlein“在……定居”；leaveout“遺漏”。6．A.keep B．gatherC．watch D．record解析：選D前面提到這些機(jī)器人裝有車載攝像機(jī)，因此能錄制(record)清晰的畫面。keep“保存”；gather“收集”；watch“觀看”。7．A.with B．ofC．by D．a(chǎn)s解析：選C“使用全球定位系統(tǒng)和內(nèi)部導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)”是K5機(jī)器人能在周圍環(huán)境中移動(dòng)的方式，故選by。8．A.brought B．a(chǎn)djustedC．a(chǎn)dapted D．bound解析：選A由空后面的anewplace可知，機(jī)器人被帶到(isbroughtto)一個(gè)新地方。adjust“調(diào)整”；adapt“適應(yīng)，改編”；beboundto“一定做”。9．A.transport B．showC．carry D．guide解析：選D人類會(huì)用一個(gè)無線遙控器引導(dǎo)(guide)它在新環(huán)境里走動(dòng)。transport“運(yùn)輸”；show“展示”；carry“攜帶”。10．A.surroundings B．signalsC．conditions D．gestures解析：選A由上文中的anewplace可知，這么做是幫助它熟悉周圍的環(huán)境(surroundings)。signal“信號”；condition“條件”；gesture“手勢”。11．A.but B．becauseC．a(chǎn)nd D．so解析：選C“你給它一幅基本地圖”與“然后它在上面開始構(gòu)建”是語意上的順承關(guān)系，故用and連接。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；because和so表示因果關(guān)系。12．A.meals B．breaksC．rewards D．repairs解析：選B由一字線后面的內(nèi)容“它們幾乎可以一天工作24小時(shí)”可知，這些K5安保機(jī)器人不需要休息(breaks)。13．A.desires B．clicksC．drags D．lasts解析：選D此處說的是它的充電使用情況，充滿一次電能持續(xù)(last)使用24小時(shí)。desire“渴望”；click“點(diǎn)擊”；drag“拖，拉”。14．A.old B．badC．low D．poor解析：選C后面提到它回到充電地點(diǎn)并插上插頭，這說明此時(shí)電池的電量很低(low)了。old“舊的”；bad“差的”；poor“貧窮的”。15．A.spends B．costsC．pays D．takes解析：選DIttakessometimetodosth.“花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間做某事”。spend，cost和pay均不能用于此句式中。16．A.service B．workC．control D．order解析：選A由前面的“only15～20minutestofullyrecharge”可知，它們不會(huì)因?yàn)槌潆姸L時(shí)間不在使用中(outofservice)。outofwork“失業(yè)”；outofcontrol“失去控制”；outoforder“出故障”。17．A.Because B．ThoughC．When D．Unless解析：選B“K5機(jī)器人可能看起來友好而且不攜帶武器”與“這并不意味著可以和它牽連在一起”是語意上的讓步關(guān)系，故選though。because表示原因；when表示時(shí)間；unless表示條件。18．A.though B．unlessC．a(chǎn)s D．if解析：選D“K5機(jī)器人被困住超過幾分鐘”是“它會(huì)發(fā)出刺耳的鳴叫聲”的條件，故選if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間或原因狀語從句。19．A.willingly B．normallyC．fearfully D．occasionally解析：選B后面提到這些機(jī)器人還能做重復(fù)乏味的工作，故人類保安做的正常工作它們也能做，故選normally。willingly“愿意地”；fearfully“害怕地”；occasionally“偶爾”。20．A.dangerous B．handyC．hopeful D．energetic解析：選Aand連接的詞在詞性和詞義上保持一致，前面的repetitive是貶義詞，所以此處應(yīng)選dangerous(危險(xiǎn)的)。handy“手邊的”；hopeful“充滿希望的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò)(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplaygr