山東省濟南市2022-2023學年高三上學期1月期末檢測（一模）英語

高三期末檢測英語試題本試卷共10頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r100分鐘。注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號、考號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后﹐再選涂其他答案標號。3.非選擇題必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應的位置,不能寫在試卷上;如需改動,先劃掉原來的答案;然后再寫上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。第一部分﹐閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASCHOOLSPONSORSHIPSponsorTeenInk'sfuturemagazinesforanyspecificschoolorregionthatisimportanttoyouandbringyourmessagetoalargeaudienceofstudents,parentsandteachers.Wewillprintyournameonthecoverofeachissueeverymonth.Call(617)964-6800fordetailsandcost.Howschoolsponsorshipworks:Youselecttheschools—asmanyasyouwant—toreceivefutureTeenInkmagazines.Yourcompany'snamewillappearonthecoverofeverymonthlyissuefortheschoolsyousponsor.Yourtotalcostforafullyearisonly$195perschoolfor30copiesamonth—that's300copiesperschoolyear.Advantagesforyourorganization:Yourmessagereachesalargeaudienceofstudents,parentsandteachers,whichtellsthemyoucareaboutteens,theirvoicesandtheireducation.Wecontacttheschoolsexplainingyoursponsorshipandyoursupportofteensinthecommunity.Weshipthemagazinesdirectlytotheschools.Thereisnoextraworkorexpenseforyou.Youwillbeworkingwithanorganizationthathas14-yearexperiencewithteens,schoolsandeducators.Advantagesforthestudentsyousponsor:Teensareconnectedwiththeirpeersnationwideataplacethatisspecificallytheirs.Studentshavetheopportunitytosubmittheirworkforpublishinginourmagazine,bookseriesandwebsite.Studentsgainimportantreading,writingandcommunicationskillsnecessaryforsuccessinschoolandtheworkplace.1.WhatwillmotivateacompanytosponsorTeenInk?A.Highprofit.B.Zerocost.C.Publicreputation.D.Specificmagazines.2.Whatbenefitcanthesponsoredstudentsget?A.Moreattentionfromthepublic.B.Greateraccesstobigcompanies.C.Agoodpriceforthemagazines.D.Achancetopublishtheirworks.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Experiencedteachers.B.Potentialsponsors.C.Brilliantstudents.D.Devotedparents.BMostteenagerskilltimeplayingvideogames,orsurfingTikTok.NotWilliamGadoury,a14-year-oldfromMatha,Quebec.WilliamGadouryhasbeencrazyabouttheMayansformostofhischildhood,eversincehisgrandparentsboughthimbooksaboutthecivilization.Whatstartedasahobbyatage12snowballedintoseriousresearch,andhetheorizedthatthelocationsofMayancitiesmightcorrespondtostarsinMayanconstellations(星座).Usingancientbooks,Gadouryanalyzed22MayanconstellationmapsandcoveredthepositionsontoGoogleEarthimagesoftheYucatanPeninsula,whichtothisdayishometolargelocalpopulationsandsomebest-preservedarchitecturefromMayanculture.HewouldtracktheconstellationsfromGoogleEarthusingspecialsheets,coveringthemontothepositionofMayancitiesonapapermap.Theteenwasabletoshowthat117Mayancitiesmatchedupwiththepositionofthestars,withthebrighteststarsrepresentingbiggercities.ButwhenGadourywasworkingonthe23rdMayanconstellation,hefoundaconflict:threestars,butonlytwoancientcitiesonGoogleEarth.ThethirdstarpointedtoalocationontheMexico-Belizeborder.However,theareawascoveredwiththickjungle,leavingGadourystuck.Luckily,heaskedNASAforimagesfromtheirRADARSAT-2satellite.Indeed,therewasasquare,man-made-lookingstructureintheheavyforest.Gadourythenlearnedafirehadsweptacrosstheregion,thinningoutthegrasscover.Hefoundimagesfromtheagency,andeventuallyconcludedthattherewasindeedacitythere.Gadoury'sfindingseventuallytookhimintothejunglein2022tosearchonfoot,alongwithscientistFranciscoBell.TheteamdiscoveredafarmingvillagedeepintheMexicanjungle,whichshowedthe“backbone”oftheMaya'slong-termsuccess,whichwasdowntotheirabilitytoworkthelandandsupportlargecities.4.WhatisGadoury'sfindingmainlyabout?A.ThevillagesintheMexicanjungle.B.TheimagesfromNASAsatellites.C.TheoriginsofMayanculture.D.ThelocationsofMayancities.5.HowdidGadourycarryouthisresearchaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Bytrackingthebest-preservedbuildingonmaps.B.Byanalyzing117Mayancitiesinancientbooks.C.Bycheckingstarmapsagainstsatelliteimages.D.ByupdatingtheGoogleEarthontheInternet.6.WhatmadeitdifficultforGadourytofindthethirdcityofthe23rdMayanstars?A.Athickforest.B.Aforestfire.C.Fundshortage.D.Badweather.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGadoury?A.Cheerful.B.Intelligent.C.Ambitious.D.Sympathetic.CImagineanewsmartphoneproduct.Itworksthesameasanyothersmartphone,butwhendropped,thosecracksthatappearafteranannoyingfallslowlybegintofadeaway,andthephonemagicallyrepairsitself、AteamofresearchersledbychemistryprofessorTakuzoAidahavefoundawaytocreateself-repairingplasticsthatcanbeusedinsmartphones,carsandotherproducts.Buttheirnewplasticswon'tonlybeusedtocreateunbreakableproducts,butalsohelpthefightagainstgrowingwastesharmingtheplanet.91%ofplasticisnon-recyclableandfillingEarthwithwaste.Theincreasingplasticinlandfillsisagrowingconcernduetoitsnegativeenvironmentalimpact.In2019aboutonly9%ofplasticswererecycledglobally,leadingJapanesescientiststoseektofindplasticthatcanstartitsownformationorself-repair.Theself-repairingplasticsaremadebyaddingatinyamountofaspecializedsubstanceintoordinaryplastictoholdthemonomers(單體)togetherbyhydrogenbonds(氫鍵).Whenthenewplasticisbrokendownbyheat,insteadofburningtowaste,thehydrogenbondsmixandallowfortheformationofspecialshapedmonomerstocreateafoundationformoremonomerstolayeronandrebuilditself.Theteamfoundthattheirself-healingplasticwasabletoautomaticallyrepairatroomtemperatureoveranhourtoregainitsdurability.Theteam'sworksuggestsgreatprospectsforthefutureofplastic.“Thetechniquecouldleadtothedevelopmentofamade-to-lastplasticthatdoesnotneedtoberecycled,”leadprofessorAidasaidattheconference,“andcanonedaybeinproductsfromsmartphonestocarsandevenbuildings.”8.Whatisthespecialfeatureofthenewplastics?A.Hardtobreak.B.Cheaptoproduce.C.Goodtohealth.D.Easytorecycle.9.Whatdrovescientiststosearchforthenewplastics?A.Globalwarming.B.Industrialneeds.C.Economiccrisis.D.Greenawareness.10.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellusaboutthenewplastic?A.Itssocialeffect.B.Itsmainfunction.C.Itsworkingprinciple.D.Itseconomicvalue.11.WhatisAida'sattitudetowardsthenewplastic?A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.D.Unconcerned.DRadiocarbondatinghasrevealedtwofake(偽造的)paintingsinFrance—probablythefirsttimethetechniquehasbeenusedinapoliceinvestigation.Thepaintingsweresupposedlyworksfromaroundtheearlytwentiethcentury.ButateamledbyscientistLucileBeckattheUniversityofParis-Saclaydatedthemtosometimewithinthepast70years.Theuseofradiocarbondatingisgainingpopularity,thankstoadvancesthatrequiresmallersamplesthaneverbefore.Removingtiniersamplesfromartworkisbecomingmorepalatabletomuseumsandownersofpaintings.Ifthereisachancethatapaintingisgenuine—andthereforevaluable—theydon'twantthecollectionoflargersamplestodamageit.Alllivingthingstakeincarbon,includingradioactivecarbon-14,fromtheatmosphereandfromfood.Whenaplantcommonlyusedtomakeoilpaintingclothdies,thecarbon-14thatitcontainedcontinuestofalloff.Radiocarbondatingmeasureswhat'slefttoestimatethetimethat'spassed,saysMariaelenaFedi,aphysicistattheNationalInstituteforNuclearPhysicsinFlorence,Italy.Atomic-bomb(原子彈)testing,whichbeganinthe1940sandtookoffinthe1950s,quicklyincreasedtheamountofcarbon-l4intheatmosphere.Carbon-l4peakedaround1964andwentdownafterapartialbanonnucleartests.Researcherscaneasilyidentifymaterialscontainingmodernbomb-producedradiocarbonbecausetheircarbon-14concentrationsarehigherthanpre-1950slevels.Beck'steamtesteditssamplestoseewhethertheyborethefeatureofthatbomb-producedradioactivecarbon-14.Thecanvasfiberfromthepaintingsclearlycontainedcarbonfromeitherthemid-1950soraftertheyear2000,theresearchersreported.Beckacknowledgedthat,ideally,theteamwoulddofurtherchemicalanalysistosupportitsfindings,buttheresearcherswerelimitedbythetighttime.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“palatable”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Impressive.B.Acceptable.C.Expensive.D.Difficult.13.Howdoesradiocarbondatingwork?A.Byanalyzingsamplesfromartwork.B.Byremovingthesmallersamples.C.Bymeasuringthecarbon-14left.D.Bytestingthecarboninthesample.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutatomic-bombtestinginParagraph4?A.Itproducesmorecarbon-14.B.Ithelpsidentifyfakepaintings.C.itreducescarbonconcentration.D.Ithasbeenstoppedcompletely.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PaintingswaitingtobeidentifiedB.TwofakepaintingsfoundinFranceC.NewtechnologyinpaintingbecomesahitD.Radiocarbondatingprovesananti-fakehelper第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。16Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdownintothreegroups.Thesearethetangible(有形的),thenatural,andtheintangible.17Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.Someexamplesarenationalmonumentsandworksofart.Manyancientsitesarealsopartofthisgroup.Onasmallerscale,afamilyhomecanbepartofanindividual'sheritage.18Effortstoprotectnaturalheritagearekeyinmanycultures.Theintangiblegroupincludesanypartofculturalheritagethatyoucan'tfeelthroughtouch.Maybeyou'vereadaboutformsofdance,likeFlamencodancing.YoumightknowaboutthemusicofMariachiBandsorholidayslikeEid.Theseareallexamplesofintangibleheritage.19Exploringyourownheritagecanbefun.Itcanhelpyoulearnaboutyourself,yourfamily,andyourancestors.Butit'salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.20Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!A.Theyaretreasuresthatcanbetouched.B.Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?C.However,heritageisn'tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.D.Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.E.Therefore,it'sdifficulttoprotectthemfromfadingaway.F.Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.G.IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwasastay-at-homedad,whichgavemeplentyoftimetocook.EversinceIwasakid,cookinghadbeenoneofmy.21.Mydadhadgivenmesomegreatadvice."Ifyou'regonnacook,”hebegan,“youmightaswellmakesureit'stasty.”Sowiththat22,I’dsetaboutmakingeachdishas23asIcould.Ifiguredthatifsomethinglookedand24goodthen,chanceswere,itwouldtastegreattoo.Oneday,IwasontheInternetwhenInoticedmybestfriend,Davehad25,avideoofhimcooking.Hewas26withTheFatheringProject,anon-profitorganizationthathelpedmenbethebestdadstheycould."We'realwayslookingforcontent,”hesaid."Canyou27yourvideoswithus?”Iwasmorethanhappyto28otherfatherstogetintothekitchen.SoIstartedto29videosofmycooking.Ialsogaveviewersplentyof30.“Thekitchencanbeaplaceto31withothers,”Itoldthem.Mysonanddaughterhelpedmewithwashingandcutting,butmostimportantly,weallshareda32witheachother,Myvideosgrewso33thatdadsaroundthecountryweresettingoutformysuggestions.It'sbeenanenormous34totransformmyenthusiasmintosomethingthat'shelpingothers.Ihopemyvideoswillkeepgivingdadsatasteofthe35cookingbringstoourlives.21.A.choicesC.passionsD.dreams22.A.evidenceB.philosophyC.permitD.warning23.A.largeB.simpleC.memorableD.expensive24.A.smeltB.soundedC.remainedD.felt25.A.reservedB.postedC.downloadedD.sold26.A.settledB.satisfiedC.comparedD.involved27.A.shareB.exchangeC.troubleD.confirm28.A.qualifyB.requireC.encourageD.persuade29.A.reviewB.filmC.watchD.select30.A.likesB.ordersC.requestsD.tips31.A.argueB.competeC.connectD.agree32.A.laughB.faithC.lessonD.discussion33.A.familiarB.popularC.wildD.visible34.A.chanceB.pleasureC.responsibilityD.task35.A.magicB.energyC.failD.effect第二節(jié)(共10小題;全科免費下載公眾號《高中僧課堂》每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AlmosteverythinginspiredtheancestorsofChinesetocreatediversedecorativepatternsonobjectsrangingfromdailylifeneedstopureartworks.Theycarriedgoodandlucky36(mean)andwerepossessedofhighvalue,drivingnumerouspeopletoprotectthem.However,thehugenumberofthesedecorationsincreasesthedifficultyofconservationefforts.Fortunately,manyChineseartistshavebeenconsideringvariouswaystopassdownthisculture37thenextgeneration.HuangQingsui,38Zhuangethnicartdesigner,numbersamongtheseartists.Hestartedcollectingdecorativepatternsfromruralareasandrecordedtheminanonlinedatabasein2013thatnow39(contain)morethan20,000traditionaldecorations.Managingthedatabaseconsistsofthreesteps.Thefirstiscollectingthesetraditionalpatternsthroughvariouschannels,includinginvestigatingandvisitingplaceswherethesedecorationsmayhavebeenpasseddownor40(contact)museumsandexperts.Aftertrackingdownadecorativepattern,Huangandhisteamfakephotosand41(digital)reproducethepatternsoncomputer.Duringtheprocess,theyoftenneedtorestoredamagedpatterns,especially42itcomestodecorativepatternsonclothingbecausetheytendtobefadedormisshapen.Thelaststepinvolvescollectingthedataandcheckingandcorrectinganymistakes43mayhaveoccurredduringtheearliersteps.Thebeauty44(hold)intraditionalpatternshasinspiredChinesedesignerstofind45(they)ownstyleandemotionalbondsinsteadofjustcaringaboutfunctionandformwhendesigningtheirworks.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)你校外教Frank受邀本周末在學校報告廳做報告。因特殊原因，學校將報告調(diào)整為線上舉行。假如你是李華，請你給他寫一封郵件，通知相關內(nèi)容，要點如下:1.變更原因;2.變更后的時間和方式;3.表達歉意。注意:1.詞數(shù)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearFrank,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Asanoldsayinggoes,wemakealivingbywhatweget,butmakealifebywhatwegive.Itrulybelievethatajobisdefinitelynotajobifyoulovewhatyouaredoing.Manyyearsago,Iworkedinanemploymentandinsuranceoffice,whichhelpspeoplefindjobs,applyforemploymentandinsurance,andreturntoschoolfortraining.Whatcouldbemorerewardingthantohelpsomeonefindajoborchangetheircareer?Ihavealwayssaidthatpeopleareattheirworstwhentheyareunemployedorsick.Imustadmitthatsomedayswerechallenging.ButIhaveoneamazingstorythatIwouldliketoshare.Oneday,aladycametotheofficewithadreamtobecomearegisterednurse.Accordingtomyclient,herfamilydidnotapprove.Shewasamotherwithyoungchildren,andherhusbandhadreturnedtoschoolfortraining.Itwasnoteconomicallypracticalforhertoreturntoschool.Itwasclearthatthisladyhadapassionforthenursingprofession,soIencouragedhertorealizeherdream.Iequippedherwiththeinformationnecessarytoapplyfornursingschool,andshelefttheoffice.Shewentonherway,andIneverknewwhethershefollowedherdreamornot.Manyyearslater,Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancerofthestomachandwasadmittedtothehospitalforanoperation.ImustadmitIwasscared.Mymotherhaddiedofcanceratageforty.Ihadahusbandandtwobeautifulchildren.Iwasonlyforty-eightyearsold.Thesurgerywassuccessful.Itwas,however,verypainful.DaysflewsmoothlyasIrecoveredfromthepain.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150詞左右﹔2.請按如下格式作答。Butonenightthepainbegangrowingstronger.“Youneverknowwhatimpactyourencouragingwordshadonme，"thenursesaid.第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)；每小題2.5分，滿分50分)第一節(jié)A:1—3CDBB:4—7DCABC:8—11ADCBD:12—15BCAD第二節(jié)16—20CBGDF注意：每小題2.5分，凡是與答案不符者，不給分。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié);滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）21—25CBCAB26—30DACBD31—35CABBA注意：每小題1分，凡是與答案不符者，不給分。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）36.meanings37.to38.a39.contains40.contacting41.digitally42.when43.that44.held45.their注意：1.每小題1.5分，單復數(shù)、詞型不正確均不給分。2.如有其它形式，意義通順，合乎上下文意義，可以給分Onepossibleversion:DearFrank,I’msorrytoinformyouthereportscheduledinthelecturehallthisweekendwillhavetobemadeonline.Giventhattheequipmentinthehallbrokedownanditneedsrepairing,wehavenochoicebuttorearrangeyourlecture.IwonderifitispossibleforyoutoconductaTencentconferenceorTintinconfe