Unit 5 Reading and Thinking 課件-2023-2024學年高一上學期英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

人教版（2019）必修一Unit

5

Languages

Around

the

WorldReadingand

ThinkingExplore

the

Chinese

writing

systemLearning

objectivesBy

the

end

of

this

section,

you

will

be

able

to:learn

and

grasp

the

new

words

in

thissection,

such

as

symbol,

means,character

and

so

on;practice

reading

skills

such

as

skimming

and

scanning

to

understand

the

text

better;sort

out

the

development

of

theChinese

writing

system;analyze

the

role

the

Chinese

writing

system

plays

in

Chinese

culture.L

e

a

d

-

i

nWhat

can

you

see

in

the

picture?The

picture

shows

jiaguwen.

Some

symbolswere

carved

on

longgu

byancient

Chinese

people.

Maybe

they

are

the

earliest

Chinese

characters.Predict

whatthe

text

will

be

about.THE

CHINESE

WRITING

SYSTEM:CONNECTING

THE

PAST

AND

THE

PRESENTPre-readingTopicTheChinese

writing

systemFocusconnecting

thepast

andthepresentDetailTheChinese

writing

systeminthepasthow

the

Chinesewriting

systemmakes

thisconnection...THE

CHINESE

WRITING

SYSTEM:CONNECTING

THE

PAST

AND

THE

PRESENTChina

is

widely

known

for

its

ancient

civilisation

which

has

continued

all

the

way

through

intomodern

times,

despite

the

many

ups

and

downs

in

its

history.

There

are

many

reasons

why

thishasbeen

possible,but

one

of

the

main

factors

hasbeen

the

Chinese

writingsystem.At

the

beginning,

written

Chinese

was

a

picture-based

language.

It

dates

back

several

thousandyears

to

the

use

of

longgu—animal

bones

and

shells

on

which

symbols

were

carved

by

ancientChinese

people.Some

of

the

ancient

symbols

call

still

be

seen

in

today’shanzi.By

the

Shang

Dynasty

(around

1600-1046

BCE),

these

symbols

had

become

a

well-developedwriting

system.

Over

the

years,

the

system

developed

into

different

forms,

as

it

was

a

time

whenpeople

were

divided

geographically,

leading

to

many

varieties

of

dialects

and

characters.

This,however,

changed

under

Emperor

Qinshihuang

of

the

Qin

Dynasty

(221-207

BCE).While-readingEmperor

Qinshihuang

united

the

seven

major

states

into

one

unified

country

where

theChinese

writing

system

began

to

develop

in

one

direction.

That

writing

system

was

of

greatimportance

in

uniting

the

Chinese

people

and

culture.

Even

today,

no

matter

where

Chinesepeople

live

orwhat

dialect

they

speak,

they

canall

still

communicate

in

writing.Written

Chinese

has

also

become

in

important

means

by

which

China’s

present

is

connectedwith

its

past.

People

in

modern

times

can

read

the

classic

works

which

were

written

byChinese

in

ancient

times.

The

high

regard

for

the

Chinese

writing

system

can

be

seen

in

thedevelopment

of

Chinese

characters

as

an

art

form,

known

as

Chinese

calligraphy,

which

hasbecome

animportant

part

of

Chinese

culture.Today,

the

Chinese

writing

system

is

still

an

important

part

of

Chinese

culture.

As

Chinaplays

a

greater

role

in

global

affairs,

an

increasing

number

of

international

students

arebeginning

to

appreciate

China’s

culture

and

history

through

this

amazing

language.Read

the

text

quickly

to

find

the

main

idea

of

each

paragraph.Paragraph

1:

The

Chinese

writing

system

is

one

of

the

reasonswhy

Chinese

civilisationhassurvived

into

modern

times.Paragraph

2:

Written

Chinese

was

apicture-based

language

at

the

beginning.Paragraph

3:

The

writing

system

became well-developed, and later

developed

intodifferent

forms.Paragraph

4:

The

writingsystem

began

to

develop

inonedirection.Paragraph

5:

Written

Chinese

connects

China’s

present

with

its

past,

and

has

become

anart

form.Paragraph

6:

The

Chinese

language

is

helping

to

spread

China’s

culture

and

history

totheworld.Scan

the

text

to

find

the

words

and

phrases

that

describe

a

time.

Then

write

down

what

happened

at

each

of

those

important

times.TimeWhathappenedmodern

timesThe

Chinese

civilisation

stillcontinues.at

the

beginningWritten

Chinese

was

a

picture-based

language.dates

backseveral

thousandyearsLonggu

appeared.by the Shang Dynasty(around

1600-1046

BCE)Symbols

carved

on

longgu

had

become

a

well-developedwriting

system.over

the

yearsThe

writing

system

developed

into

different

forms,

as

theChinese

people

were

divided

geographically,

leading

tomany

varieties

of

dialects

and

characters.Scan

the

text

to

find

the

words

and

phrases

that

describe

a

time.

Then

write

down

what

happened

at

each

of

those

important

times.TimeWhathappenedthe

QinDynasty(201-227BCE)The

Chinese

writing

system

beganto

develop

in

oneunified

direction.even

todayChinese

people

canall

still

communicate

inwriting.in

modern

timesChinese

people

can

read

the

classic

works

which

werewritten

by

Chinese

in

ancient

times.todayThe

Chinese

characters

are

still

a

vital

part

of

Chineseculture.Scan

the

text

to

find

the

sentences

explaining

how

the

Chinese

writing

system

is

related

to

Chinese

culture.Para1:

...one

of

the

main

factors

hasbeenthe

Chinese

writing

system.Para

4:

Thatwriting

system

was

of

great

importance

in

uniting

the

Chinese

people

andculture.Para

5:

Written

Chinese

has

also

become

an

important

means

by

which

China’spresentis

connected

withitspast

...Para6:

The

Chinese

writingsystem

isstill

animportant

part

of

Chineseculture.What

does

the

first

sentence

tell

us?It

tellsusthe

Chinese

writing

system

contributes

tothe

survival

of

Chineseculture.What’s

the

purpose

of

the

first

sentence?It’stointroduce

thetopic

of

the

text.Para

1:

...one

of

the

main

factors

hasbeentheChinese

writing

system.Para

4:

Thatwriting

system

was

of

great

importance

in

uniting

the

Chinese

people

andculture.Para

5:

Written

Chinese

has

also

become

an

important

means

by

which

China’spresentis

connected

withitspast

...Para

6:

The

Chinese

writingsystem

isstill

animportant

part

of

Chineseculture.What

do

the

these

sentences

tell

us?They

show

how

the

Chinese

writing

system

contributes

to

the

survival

of

Chinese

culture.What’s

the

purpose

of

these

sentences?They

support

the

topic.

The

second

sentence

shows

the

importance

of

the

Chinese

writing

system

in

the

past.

The

third

and

the

last

sentences

show

the

importance

oftheChinese

writing

system

at

present.

They

alsosupportthe

title

of

thetext.Read

the

text

again

and

discuss

the

questions.How

did

written

Chinese

unify

Chinese

people

divided

by

geography

anddialects?It

allowed

Chinese

people,

no

matter

where

they

lived

or

what

dialect

theyhad,

to

communicate

with

each

other.How

does

written

Chinese

connect

Chinese

people

today

with

those

of

the

past?Chinese

people

today

can

read

and

understand

classic

works

from

ancienttimes.Post-

readingRead

the

text

again

and

discuss

the

questions.3.

According

to

the

writer,

the

Chinese

writing

system

is

one

factor

that

has

helped

the

Chinese

language

and

culture

survive.

What

do

you

think

are

some

of

the

other

factors?Except

for

the

writing

system

of

Chinese

language,

the

continuous

development

of

China’s

agriculture,

a

relatively

powerful

government,distinguished

philosophical

schools

developed,

and

an

open

mind

to

embrace

different

cultures

are

all

possible

and

important

factors.

Besides,

education

is

always

emphasised

in

China’s

family

traditions.When

talking

about

the

writing

system,

the

pinyin

system

also

helped

the

language

thrive

in

the

modern

world

as

it

became

possible

to

use

Chinese

characters

on

computers

and

phones,

and

also

helped

make

it

easier

forspeakers

of

other

languages

to

learn

Chinese.Complete

the

passage

with

the

correct

wordsand

phrase

below.Chinese

calligraphy

has

developed

along

with

China’s

civilisation

.

It

is

difficult

tosay

when

exactly

calligraphy

started.

Chinese

writing

was

first

done

by

carving

symbols

onto

bones

and

shells,

but

as

it

developed

into

a

writing

system

,

italso

developed

as

a

form

of

art

done

with

a

brush.

It

is

believed

that

Chinesecalligraphy

datesback

to

at

least

the

Han

Dynasty

(202

BCE—220

CE).

Soon

after

that,

the

idea

developed

that

calligraphy

was

not

only

a

beautiful

art

form

butalso

a

means

of

showing

the

character

of

the

“man

behind

the

brush”.

Today,anyone

from

small

children

to

old

people

can

enjoy

practising

the

classic

art

of

Chinese

calligraphy.systemcarvingmeansdates

backclassiccivilisationGuess

the

meaning

of

the

underlined

words

in

the

sentences.

Then

look

in

the

text

forthe

wordsthey

are

related

to.象征；代表

symbolMany

Chinese

characters

symbolise

their

meanings,

unlike

English

words

whichare

speltout

accordingtohowthey

sound.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的

baseThe

basic

forms

of

the

English

writing

system

areknown

as

letters.文明的

civilisationAunified

writing

system

is

consideredto

be

animportant

part

of

civilised

society.欣賞

appreciateLearning

Chinese

calligraphy

will

increaseyour

appreciation

of

Chinese

culture.A2Words

and

ExpressionsIt

datesback

several

thousand

years

to

the

use

oflonggu

...

(P62)它可以追溯到數(shù)千年前使用龍骨的時期……date

back

(to)

追溯到例句The

skills

of

cooking

in

China

can

date

back

thousands

of

years.中國的烹飪技藝可以追溯到幾千年前。The

old

professor

has

a

large

collection

of

ancient

vases

dating

back

to

the

Ming

Dynasty.這位老教授收藏了很多可以追溯到明朝的古老花瓶。拓展

date

v.

確定年代；注明日期；與（某人）談戀愛

n.

日期；約會

例句Once

the

decision

is

reached,

he

can

date

andsign

the

sheet.一旦做出決定，他就可以在那張表上簽上日期和名字。I

have

got

a

date

tonight.今晚我有個約會。1...

animal

bones

and

shells

on

which

symbols

were

carved

by

ancient

Chinese

people.(P62)……古代中國人在這些骨頭和殼上面刻畫簡單的符號。symbol /?s?mbl/n.

符號；象征……的象征搭配

asymbolof例句What

is

the

chemical

symbol

for

copper??銅的化學符號是什么？White

has

always

been

a

symbol

of

purity

in

Western

culture.在西方文化中，白色一直象征著純潔。拓展

symbolize

v.

象征，代表

symbolically

adv.

有象征意義的

例句The

use

of

light

and

dark

symbolizes

good

and

evil.用光明和黑暗來象征善與惡。2...

as

it

was

a

time

when

people

were

divided

geographically,

leading

to

many

varietiesofdialects

and

characters.

(P62)……這是由于當時中國人居住地域的分隔，從而導致不同方言和漢字變體的產(chǎn)生。variety

/v??ra??ti/搭配

thevariety

of

例句n.

（植物、語言等的）變體；異體；多樣化……的種類 a

(wide)

variety

of/varieties

of各種各樣的……When

preparing

meals,

we

need

to

think

about

variety

and

taste

as

well

as

nutritional

value.準備飯菜時，我們需要考慮（菜品的）多樣性、口味以及營養(yǎng)價值。I

wasimpressed

by

the

variety

of

disheson

offer.??所供應(yīng)的菜肴之豐盛讓我嘆服。A

wide

variety

of

flowers

were

on

show

in

the

street.街上展出了各種各樣的花。The

article

was

aboutthe

different

varieties

of

Englishspoken

all

over

the

world.這篇文章是關(guān)于世界各地所說的各類英語。3...

as

it

was

a

time

when

people

were

divided

geographically,

leading

to

many

varietiesofdialects

and

characters.

(P62)……這是由于當時中國人居住地域的分隔，從而導致不同方言和漢字變體的產(chǎn)生。character

/?k?r?kt?(r)/ n.

文字；符號；角色；品質(zhì)；特點例句Scar

is

a

cruel

and

dangerouscharacter

in

Lion

King.Scar在《獅子王》中是一個殘酷且危險的角色。The

two

towns

are

similar

in

size

but

very

different

in

character.這兩個城鎮(zhèn)大小差不多，但特色卻大不相同。Her

husband

is

a

man

of

goodcharacter,

well-liked

and

respected

by

his

colleagues.她的丈夫是一個性格很好的人，同事們很喜歡和尊敬他。拓展

characteristic adj.

典型的；獨特的3Emperor

Qinshihuang

united

the

seven

major

states

into

one

unified

country

...

(P62)秦始皇統(tǒng)一七個諸侯國后，在這個統(tǒng)一的國家里，……major

/?me?d??(r)/adj.

主要的；重要的；大的

n.

主修課程；主修學生

vi.

主修；專門研究例句Smoking

is

one

of

the

major

causesof

cancer.???吸煙是引發(fā)癌癥的主要原因之一。Her

major

ishistory.她的專業(yè)是歷史。She

chose

physics

as

her

major.她選擇物理為主修課。She

majored

in

chemistry

at

Stanford

University.她在斯坦福大學主修化學。拓展

majority

n.

大多數(shù)

minority

n.

少數(shù)例句The

majority

of

people

interviewed

prefer

TV

to

radio.大多數(shù)接受采訪的人都喜歡看電視多于聽收音機。45 Written

Chinese

has

also

become

an

important

means

by

which

China’s

present

is

connected

with

its

past.(P62)漢字也成為連接中國現(xiàn)在與過去的一個重要媒介。means /mi?nz/ n.

方式；方法；途徑

搭配by

this

means

通過這種方式

by

means

of

借助……手段，依靠……方法by

no

means決不，一點兒也不（置于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝）例句Television

is

an

effective

means

of

communication.?電視是一種有效的通信方式。We

can

make

great

progressin

our

English

study

by

this

means.我們可以通過這種方式在英語學習中取得很大的進步。Thoughts

are

expressedby

means

of

words.?思想借助言語來表達（言為心聲）。By

no

means

will

Jane

agree

to

go

hiking

this

weekend.

She

hastoo

muchw