Unit1Knowyourself九年級上冊英語（牛津譯林版）

Unit1KnowyourselfUnit1Knowyourself必備知識重點(diǎn)詞匯order,grammar,neither,nor,born,impress,praise,general,race,lead,challenge,chief,high-speed,connect,miss,attention,standard,pioneer,carelessness,extra,devote,respect,suitable,impatient,calendar,represent,appear,fixed,powerful,lively,practical,divide,shape,speech,absent,position核心語法并列連詞and，or，but，so；both...and...,notonly...but(also)...,either...or...,neither...nor...必備句型1.描述性格：Danielisveryclever,butheismodestandnevershowsof2.談?wù)撀殬I(yè)喜好:—Whatjobdoyoulike,Sandy?—...Ilikecreativejobs.3.談?wù)撃芰creativepersoncanproducesomethingneworaworkofart.語篇報刊節(jié)選：學(xué)習(xí)并運(yùn)用略讀法快速獲取信息,了解文章大意表達(dá)推薦信學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.能夠有條理地描述性格2.能夠多角度地談?wù)撀殬I(yè)喜好引言解讀Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don’tsettle.—SteveJobs釋義：成就一番偉業(yè)的唯一途徑就是熱愛自己的事業(yè)。如果你還沒能找到讓自己熱愛的事業(yè)，繼續(xù)尋找，不要放棄。—史蒂夫·喬布斯名句積累1.Ifopportunitydoesn’tknock,buildadoor.如果機(jī)會沒有來敲門，那就自己造一扇門。2.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.心之所愿，無所不成。3.Confidenceinyourselfisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.自信是走向成功的第一步。4.Wantingtobesomeoneelseisawasteofthepersonyouare.想要成為別人那樣的人就是浪費(fèi)自己。5.Startbydoingwhatisnecessary,thendowhatispossible,andsuddenlyyouaredoingtheimpossible.從必要的事情開始做起，然后做可能實現(xiàn)的，突然你就可以做不可能的事情。主題探究在“人與自我”的主題下，探討了不同類型性格的人適合的職業(yè)領(lǐng)域及具體工作。旨在幫助學(xué)生真實、客觀地了解性格與工作之間的聯(lián)系，能夠以積極和陽光的心態(tài)規(guī)劃未來的學(xué)習(xí)和生活，成就更好的自己。語篇品讀TheIntrovertTheintrovert—ashypersonoronewhokeepstheirthoughtsprivate—tendtoworkbestaloneorinsmallgroups.Introvertscanbeveryfocused.Theyhavestrongattentiontodetailbecausetheyenjoyconcentratingononetaskatatime.Idealindustries:animalcare,museumwork,informationtechnology,science.Idealjobs:veterinarian,archivist,socialmediamanager,computerprogrammer,researcher,bookkeeper,accountant,paralegal.TheExtrovertTheextrovert—anoutgoingoroverlyexpressperson—enjoysworkinginlargegroupsandoftenprefersteamassignments.Theyaretypicallycomfortablespeakinginpublicandleadinggroupactivities.Theyarealsomultitaskerswhoworksbestwhenjugglingavarietyofassignments.Idealindustries:humanresources,publicrelations,sales,health,andwellness.Idealjobs:humanresourcesrepresentative,publicrelationsrepresentative,salesmanager,realestateagent,physicaltherapist,EMT,dentalhygienist,actor.TheOrganizerTheorganizerisoutgoing,detail-oriented,andpractical.Organizersenjoythecommunityandconventionalstructureandorderindailylife.Theyenjoyfollowingstandardrulesandproceduresbutliketobeinvolvedingroups.Organizersenjoyjobsinwhichtheycangatherandmanagedata.Theyhaveadesiretoremoveclutter,whichallowsthemtoenjoytasksrangingfromorganizinganofficetoeditinganarticle.Idealindustries:publishing,administration,finance,hospitality,andtourism.Idealjobs:editor,copyeditor,officemanager,administrativeassistant,accountant,payrollclerk.全文翻譯內(nèi)向的人內(nèi)向的——一個害羞或者是喜歡獨(dú)立思考的人在獨(dú)自或者是以小組形式工作時表現(xiàn)最棒。內(nèi)向的人可以集中注意力，他們對細(xì)節(jié)高度關(guān)注。因為他們享受一次聚焦于一個任務(wù)。理想領(lǐng)域：照顧動物，博物館工作，信息技術(shù)，科學(xué)。理想工作：獸醫(yī)，檔案管理員，社交媒體管理者，計算機(jī)程序員，研究員，圖書管理員，會計，法律咨詢師。外向的人一個外向或者是喜歡表達(dá)的人，喜歡以較大團(tuán)隊的形式工作，并且更喜歡團(tuán)隊任務(wù)。他們在公共場合說話通常感覺很舒適，并且領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊活動。他們經(jīng)常可以同時處理很多任務(wù)，并且應(yīng)付多項任務(wù)時工作最棒。理想領(lǐng)域：人力資源，公關(guān)，銷售，健康。理想工作：人力資源代表，公關(guān)代表，銷售經(jīng)理，房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人，物理治療師，經(jīng)營管理團(tuán)隊，牙科保健師，演員。組織者組織者性格外向，以細(xì)節(jié)為導(dǎo)向，并且很實際。組織者在日常生活當(dāng)中喜歡社區(qū)以及傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和秩序。他們喜歡遵循標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的規(guī)則和程序，但是喜歡在團(tuán)隊中的感覺。組織者喜歡收集并管理數(shù)據(jù)的工作。他們渴望驅(qū)除雜亂的局面，這使得他們享受從組織辦公區(qū)到編輯文章這類的任務(wù)。理想領(lǐng)域：印刷，管理，金融，酒店管理和旅游業(yè)。理想工作：編輯，報館編輯，辦公室經(jīng)理，管理助理，會計，福利勞資員。詞匯積累1.privateadj.私有的；私用的；自用的2.focusn.關(guān)注；調(diào)焦；源；中心點(diǎn)（指人或事物）v.集中（注意力、精力等于）；（使）調(diào)節(jié)焦距3.detailn.細(xì)節(jié)；詳情；瑣事；細(xì)微之處v.詳細(xì)說明；詳述；詳細(xì)列舉4.concentrateon集中在；專心于5.expressv.表達(dá)；表示；表露；代表adj.特快的；快速的；快遞的；用快遞寄送的n.特快列車；快件服務(wù)；快遞服務(wù)；快運(yùn)服務(wù)6.multitasker一心多用的能手；多任務(wù)操作者7.avarietyof各種各樣的；多種多樣的；多種的8.practicaladj.實際的；真實的拓展閱讀Passage1主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與社會社會服務(wù)郵遞員王偉三十年如一日在艱苦條件下堅守崗位2518min★★★★☆WangWeiisapostman.Forthepast30years,he1oneofthefewconnectionsbetweenpeopleinthemountainsandtheoutsideworld.Hejoinedthelocalpoststation21990andstartedtoservemorethan5,000villagerslivinginthewoods.Tosend3andparcels(包裹),hehadtocrossriskybridgesandclimbdangerousmountains.Whenitrainedorsnowed4,hehadtobeespeciallycareful.Thecommunicationsignals(通訊信號)werealsopoorinthemountains.Suchworkingconditionsmadehisfamilyworriedandtheyalladvisedhim5anotherjob.ButWangWeihadlonggotoverthedifficultiesthroughyearsofpractice.What’smore,hehaddevelopedacloserelationshipwiththevillagers.Soherefusedtogiveup6challengingjob.“Itisclearthat7havecometotreatmeliketheirownfamilymembers,”hesayshappily.Accordingtotherecord,WangWeihadwalked130,000kmatwork.Nowhe’salready56yearsold,buthestillworkshardtodohisduty.He8asthebridgebetweenvillagersandtheirlovedoneslivinginthecities.“Iliketoseethehappinessontheirfaces9Ibringthemthegiftsandgoodnews.SoIwillkeepdelivering(運(yùn)送)forthemaslongastheyneedme,”saidWangWei.Healwaystrieshisbesttodo10tohelpthevillagers.1．A．hasbeen B．havebeen C．is D．willbe2．A．on B．a(chǎn)t C．in D．with3．A．letter B．letters C．trip D．trips4．A．careful B．carefully C．heavy D．heavily5．A．touse B．use C．tofind D．find6．A．the B．/ C．a(chǎn) D．a(chǎn)n7．A．their B．they C．them D．theirs8．A．considers B．consider C．a(chǎn)reconsidered D．isconsidered9．A．before B．unless C．when D．though10．A．whathecan B．whatcanhe C．howhecan D．howcanhe【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．D5．C6．A7．B8．D9．C10．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了郵遞員王偉的故事。1．句意：在過去的30年里，他一直是山區(qū)人民與外界為數(shù)不多的聯(lián)系之一。hasbeen現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)；havebeen現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是復(fù)數(shù)；is一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)；willbe一般將來時。根據(jù)“Forthepast30years”可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是he，助動詞用has。故選A。2．句意：1990年，他加入了當(dāng)?shù)氐泥]局，開始為5000多名住在樹林里的村民提供服務(wù)。on在某天；at在某時刻；in在某年某月某季節(jié)；with和?？崭窈笫悄攴?，用介詞in。故選C。3．句意：為了寄信件和包裹，他不得不跨過危險的橋梁，攀登危險的山脈。letter信，名詞單數(shù)；letters信，名詞復(fù)數(shù)；trip旅行，名詞單數(shù)；trips名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“send...andparcels”可知郵遞員寄信，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故選B。4．句意：當(dāng)下大雨或大雪時，他必須特別小心。careful認(rèn)真的，形容詞；carefully認(rèn)真地，副詞；heavy重的，形容詞；heavily大量地，副詞。根據(jù)“rainedorsnowed...”可知是雨或雪下得大，修飾動詞用副詞。故選D。5．句意：這樣的工作條件讓他的家人很擔(dān)心，他們都建議他再找一份工作。touse使用，動詞不定式；use動詞原形；tofind發(fā)現(xiàn)，動詞不定式；find動詞原形。advisesb.todosth.“建議某人做某事”，根據(jù)“anotherjob”可知是找工作。故選C。6．句意：所以他拒絕放棄這份富有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。the定冠詞；/零冠詞；a不定冠詞，修飾以輔音音素開頭的單詞；an不定冠詞，修飾以元音音素開頭的單詞。根據(jù)“challengingjob”可知此處指當(dāng)郵遞員的工作，表特指。故選A。7．句意：很明顯，他們已經(jīng)把我當(dāng)作自己的家人來對待了。their他們的，形容詞性物主代詞；they他們，主格；them他們，賓格；theirs他們的，名詞性物主代詞。從句中缺少主語，用代詞主格。故選B。8．句意：他被認(rèn)為是村民和生活在城市中的親人之間的橋梁。considers考慮，動詞單三；consider動詞原形；areconsidered一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)；isconsidered一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。beconsideredas“被認(rèn)為是”，主語是He，be動詞用is。故選D。9．句意：當(dāng)我給他們帶來禮物和好消息時，我喜歡看到他們臉上的幸福。before在……之前；unless除非；when當(dāng)；though雖然。根據(jù)“Ibringthemthegiftsandgoodnews”可知是當(dāng)給他們帶來禮物和好消息時。故選C。10．句意：他總是盡力做他能做的事去幫助村民。whathecan陳述語序；whatcanhe疑問語序；howhecan陳述語序；howcanhe疑問語序。賓語從句用陳述語序，排除B、D；此處can后省略了do，缺少do的賓語，用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故選A。Passage2主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自我工作與職業(yè)英國一些女性遵從自己的意愿選擇從事繁重且臟的工作2525min★★★★☆Britainhaslawstomakesurethatwomenhavethesameopportunitiesasmenineducation,jobsandtraining.Butit’sstillunusualtofindwomendoingdirtyorheavyjobs.NikkiHonriquesisacarmaintenanceengineerinLondon.Sheusedtobeasecretary,BartyPhilips,ajournalistwith“TheObserve”,aSundaynewspaper,askedherwhyshewantedtoworkcars.“Myfirstreasonwasindependence,”shesaid.“1alsowantedtousemyhands,andIlikelearningabouthowthingswork.Manypeopleprefertohaveawomanrepairtheircars,too.”Nikkididn’tfinditeasytobecomeacarmaintenanceengineer.ShewenttoGovernmentSkillsCentre—aspecialsortofcollegewherepeoplecanlearnanewjob—fortwentyweeks.“FortenweeksIwastheonlywomanamongfourhundredmen,andsomeofthemwererudetome,justbecauseofmysex.Itwasalsoverytiring—from8inthemorningto5intheafternoon,withonly30minutesforlunch.”NowNikkiworksfree-lance—thatis,she’sself-employed,notworkingforagarageoracompany.BartyPhilipsalsospoketoRose,whoworksasageneralbuilderinSheffield,anindustrialtowninthenorthofEngland.LikeNikki,Roseusedtobeasecretary.“Ididn’tenjoyitatall,”shesaid.“Iwantedtodomorepracticalwork,andIwantedtobeself-employed.”Rosejoinedawomen’sbuildingco-operative,andshelearntherjobfromotherpeopleandfromexperience.However,manyofthewomeninhergrouphavebeenspeciallytrained.Mostofthejobstheydoareimprovementstobuildingsandgeneralrepairs.“Peopleoftensay,‘Oh,womenaren’tstrongenough’,butIdon’tthinkstrengthisimportant,”saidRose.“Theimportantthingistogetusedtodoingadifferentsortofwork.”Rosewouldlikemorewomentocomeintothebuildingindustry.“Everythingbuiltatthemomentisaproductofman’sworld.Ifwomenbecomebuilders,theywillbeabletounderstandtheproductionoftheirhousesandtheirtowns.”11．WhydidNikkiHonriqueswanttobeacarmaintenanceengineer?A．Becauseshewantedtobeadependentwoman. B．Becauseshewantedtorepairhercars.C．Becauseshewantedtolearnabouthowthingswork. D．Becauseshewantedtoberich.12．HowlongdidNikkiHonriqueshavetoworkbeforeshebecameanengineer?A．Abouttenweeksperyear. B．Abouttwentyweeksperyear.C．Aboutninehoursperday. D．Advicethemtotheairportandtakeatrip.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“self-employed”mean?A．workingforherself. B．workingforacompany.C．workingformoney. D．workingforgovernment.14．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ThewomaninBritainlikedoingdirtyorheavyjobsinfactories.B．RosebecameacarmaintenanceengineerlikeNikkiHonriques.C．MoreandmorewomencomeintotheBritainbuildingindustry.D．NikkiHonriquesandRosearebothverybraveandhard-working.【答案】11．C12．C13．A14．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在英國一些女性遵從自己的意愿選擇從事繁重且臟的工作。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“1alsowantedtousemyhands,andIlikelearningabouthowthingswork”可知NikkiHonriques喜歡學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于事物是怎樣工作的，所以她想要成為一個汽車維修工程師，故選C。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwasalsoverytiring—from8inthemorningto5intheafternoon,”可知NikkiHonriques每天要從早上8點(diǎn)工作到晚上5點(diǎn)，共9個小時，故選C。13．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“notworkingforagarageoracompany.”可知NikkiHonriques不為一個汽車修理廠工作，也不為一個公司工作，所以猜測應(yīng)是為自己工作，故選A。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章可知NikkiHonriques和Rose都勇敢的追求自己的夢想，并為實現(xiàn)自己的夢想放棄安逸的生活，刻苦學(xué)習(xí)和工作，所以判斷她倆都是勇敢勤奮的人，故選D。教材語篇梳理PeoplewhoarehappywiththeirjobsNameJobPersonalitiesWuWeianartistquiet,creativeSuNingamanageractive,energeticLiuTaoanengineerserious,well-organized,modestFangYuanadoctorkind,patient,careful課文語法填空"WuWeiisabornartist,"saidhisbestfriend."He'squietanddoesn'tliketotalkmuch,but1___________workshouts!"WuWei,theyoungartist,hasimpressedthewholecountrywithhis2__________(create)work.HissculpturesforSunshineTownSquarehavewonhighpraisefromtheartcommunity."Iwanttosharethebestartwithpeople,soI’malways3___________(search)forsomethingbetterordifferent.Thisinitselfisgreatfun,"hesaid.SuNing4___________(give)upherjobasanaccountantfiveyearsagoandstartedtoworkforthesalesdepartmentinabigcompany.“I’mactiveandenergetic,andIloveworkingwithpeople.However,inmylastjob,Icouldonlyworkwith5___________(number)dayafterday.Thatmademeunhappy."SuNingisnowthegeneralmanagerofthecompany."Lifeislikearace.Youeithertakethelead6___________fallbehind.I'mreadytotakeonnewchallengesanytime,”shesaid.

LiuHaoisthechiefengineerofthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingSunshineTowntoTianjin."Tous,amissisasgood7___________amile.Wecan'tafford8___________(make)anymistakes,"saidMrLiu."Allofusknowthatit'snecessarytopayattentiontoeverydetail.""He'sseriousandwellorganized,"oneofhisteammemberssaid."Healwaysworkstohighstandards,buthe'smodestandeasytoworkwith."FangYuan,headofSunshineHospitalandapioneerheartsurgeon,iskindandpatient."Asadoctor,youcan'tbetoo9___________(care),"shesaid."Carelessnesswillbeadisasternotonlytoourselvesbutalsotopatients.""She'salwayswillingtoworkextrahours,saidanotherdoctor.Infact,DoctorFangoftendoesoperationsforabouttenhoursaday.Shehas10___________(devote)mostofhertimetoherwork.Allthepeopleinthetownrespecther.

【答案】1.his2.creative3.searching4.gave5.numbers6.or7.as8.tomake9.careful10.devoted閱讀微技能Skim略讀Youcanfindmainideasbyfirsttakingaquicklookatthetitle,picture(s),keywordsandphrases,andtopicsentences.Passage1主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自我精神品質(zhì)善良會產(chǎn)生意想不到的積極影響3688min★★★★☆（2023·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Scientistswhostudyhappinesshaveevidence(證據(jù))toshowthatbeingkindtootherscanresultinhappiness.Actsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanliftaperson’smood,forexample.Everydaylifeisfullofchancesforsuchactions,yetpeopledonotalwaysmakethemostofthem.Instudies,behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyandIexaminedapossibleexplanation:peoplewhodokindactsunderestimate(低估)howmuchtheonesreceivingkindnessvaluetheirbehavior.Intheexperiments(實驗),about1,000peoplewereaskedtodosomeactionstomakesomeoneelsefeelgood.Weaskedboththepersonperforming(執(zhí)行)thekindactandtheonereceivingittoanswersomequestions.Theperformerswereaskedtoreporttheirownexperienceandtoguesshowthereceiversmightfeel.Wewantedtounderstandhowvaluablepeopleconsideredtheseactstobe,soboththeperformerandreceiverhadtorate(評分)how“big”theactseemed.Inallcases,wecomparedtheperformer’sexpectationsofthereceiver’smoodwiththereceiver’sactual(實際的)experience.Forone,bothperformersandreceiversexperiencedmorepositive(積極的)moods.Foranother,thereceiversfeltmuchbetterthanthekindperformersexpected.Thereceiversalsoratedtheseactsas“bigger”thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.Atfirst,westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople,suchasfriends,classmatesorfamily.Butwefoundthatperformersunderestimatedtheirpositiveinfluencesonstrangersaswell.Inoneexperiment,performersinapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolateonacoldwinter’sdaytopeoplethatjusthappenedtobenearby.Again,thekindactbroughtmorehappinessthantheperformersexpected.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhatmightseemsmallcouldmatteragreatdealtothepersonwedoitfor.Consideringthesewarmactionscanimproveourownmoodandbrightenthedayofanotherperson,whynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan?1．Whatdidthereceiversdointheexperiments?A．Theyshowedkindnesstoothers.B．Theyguessedtheperformers’feelings.C．Theyratedhowvaluabletheperformers’actofkindnesswas.D．Theycomparedtheperformers’expectationswiththeiractualresults.2．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Differentpurposesoftheresearch. B．Moreevidencefortheresearchresults.C．Possibleinfluencesoftheresearchfindings. D．Anotherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.3．Whatisthewriter’sattitude(態(tài)度)towardsshowingkindnesstoothers?A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested.4．Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?A．Beingkindcanreduceone’shappinessasexpected.B．Kindnesscanhaveunexpectedlypositiveinfluences.C．Choosingkindnessismoredifficultthanexpected.D．Showingkindnessismorevaluablethanreceivingit.【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了研究表明，善良會產(chǎn)生意想不到的積極影響。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“boththeperformerandreceiverhadtorate(評分)how‘big’theactseemed”可知接受者都必須對善意行為的程度進(jìn)行評分。故選C。2．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Atfirst,westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople...thekindactbroughtmorehappinessthantheperformersexpected.”可知本段主要介紹了一些證明研究結(jié)果的更多證據(jù)。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“whynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan?”可知作者建議我們要選擇善良，所以作者對于對別人友善的行為是支持的。故選A。4．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了研究表明，善良會產(chǎn)生意想不到的積極影響。故選B。Passage2主題語境主題群話題詞數(shù)建議用時推薦指數(shù)人與自我做人與做事團(tuán)隊合作讓工作變得困難3577min★★★★☆（2023·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Weallenjoybeingpartofagroup—there’snobetterworkthanteamwork,right?Actually,Idisagree.Teamworkcanbehard.Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyofficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.It’samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.Personalities(個性)canmaketeamworkdifficult.There’softensomeoneontheteamthatputstheirneedsfirst.Theteamoftengoesalongwiththisperson,whoseideasmightnotbethebest,justtheloudest.Justonedifficultpersonalitycanmaketeamworkhard.Combine(結(jié)合)severalchallengingpersonalitytypes,andit’sevenharder.Nothavingenoughtimetogethercanalsomaketeamworkchallenging.Forexample,Iwasonceonateamwhereweneverhadenoughtimetomeetasagroup.Tosuccessfullyworkasateam,youneedtimetogether—andlotsofit.Afinalreasonteamworkisdifficultisbecausethere’softennotrainingonhowtoworkonateam.Youcan’tjustputpeopleinaroomandexpectthemtoworkwellwitheachother.Youneedtobuildtrustwithyourteammemb