2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修二Unit 2 Improving yourself課時(shí)作業(yè)

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版選擇性必修二Unit2Improvingyourself課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·黃岡模擬)ToddBol,aretiredbusinessman,couldneverhaveexpectedthatawoodencontainerhebuiltinhisfrontyardonedaywouldhavetheglobalimpactitdoestoday.Bolbuiltadollhouse－sizestructurethatlookedlikeaschoolhouseonapostandheputitinhisyardasafreecommunitylibrarytorememberhismother,whowasabookloverandschoolteacher.Bol's_prototypegavebirthtoLittleFreeLibrary(LFL),anonprofitorganizationthatseekstoplacesmall,accessiblebookexchangeboxesinneighborhoodsaroundtheworld.Theconceptissimple:Neighborsareinvitedtoshareabook,leaveabook,orboth.Today,thereareover50,000oftheselibrariesregisteredin70countries.AlmosteveryonecanregisterwithLFLandstartalibraryaslongasthepersonkeepsitingoodshapeandmakessurethatbookmaterialsareappropriateforhis/herneighborhood.Libraryownerscancreatetheirownlibraryboxes;therefore,thelibrariesareusuallyuniqueinappearance,andthereseemstobenolimittothepossibilities.OnelibraryinCaliforniawasbuiltoutofausedwinecontainer;anotherinTexashadtinystairsandbrightcoloredwalls.Onceregistered,librariesareassignedanumberatLFL'swebsite.TheLFLIndexliststhelocationsofalllibrarieswithGPScoordinates(坐標(biāo))andotherinformation.Ownersreceiveasignsaying“LittleFreeLibrary”．PeoplesaytheyhavebeenattractedtopickupabookwhenwalkingbyaLittleFreeLibrary,outofcuriosityandbecauseit'sconvenient.Somesidewalklibrarianssaytheyhavemetmoreneighborssincehavingalittlelibraryintheirfrontyard.BolisalsomostproudofthewayLittleFreeLibraryisbringingcommunitiestogether.“It'sstartedaneighborhoodexchange.Itgetspeopletalkingandmorecomfortablewiththeirneighbors，”hesays.“Thisleadstothemhelpingeachother.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了ToddBol退休之后為了紀(jì)念自己的母親在自己家院子建立了供人閱讀的木質(zhì)容器，從而誕生了小型免費(fèi)圖書館——一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，旨在在世界各地的社區(qū)設(shè)置小型、方便的圖書交換箱。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prototype”inParagraph2referto?A．Acommunitycenter.B．Adollhouseonapost.C．Abookexchangebox.D．Anonprofitorganization.解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段首句和畫線詞所在句子可知，Bol的prototype誕生了小型免費(fèi)圖書館，由此可知，畫線詞指的是Bol自制的圖書交換箱。2．WhatcanwelearnabouttheoperationofaLittleFreeLibrary?A．Thereisnolimittotheselectionofbooks.B．Thelibrarycancomeinanyshapeandcolor.C．Thelibraryneedstohiremanyprofessionallibrarians.D．TheownermustfirstbeassignedanumberfromtheLFLwebsite.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句可知，免費(fèi)圖書館可以有任何形狀和顏色。3．WhatcanbeinferredaboutLittleFreeLibrary?A．IthelpsimproveGPSfunctions.B．Itconnectslibrariesaroundtheworld.C．Itmakesreadingaccessibletothepoor.D．Ithelpsrestorehumanconnections.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后三句話可推知，小型免費(fèi)圖書館幫助恢復(fù)人際關(guān)系。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．LFL:ABoostertoSharedReadingB．LFL:TheBestPlacetoMeetNeighborsC．ToddBol:ASuccessfulBookBusinessmanD．Reading:AnApproachtoImprovingYourself解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹的是LittleFreeLibrary和它的作用。因?yàn)楸憷鼛?dòng)了“共享閱讀”。故A項(xiàng)“LFL：共享閱讀的助推器”可以作為本文標(biāo)題。B(2023·濰坊模擬)ColinChapman,thefounderofLotusCars,wasoneofmotorracing'smostinfluentialengineers.Hesummeduphisphilosophyas“simplify,thenaddlightness”.Asimple,featherweightcarmightbesloweronthestraightsthanabeefymuscle－machine,hereasoned.Butitwouldbefastereverywhereelse.Between1962and1978LotuswonsevenFormulaOneconstructorschampionships.Itappearstobeanuncommoninsightsincehumansalwaysstrugglewithsubtractivethinking.Whenaskedtoimprovesomething,theytendtosuggestaddingnewthingsratherthanremovingsome,evenwhenadditionsleadtonotsatisfyingresults.InonestudyconductedbyGabrielleAdams,alongwithcolleaguesattheUniversityofVirginia,participantswereaskedtochangeapatternonagrid(網(wǎng)格)ofcolouredsquarestomakeitbalanced.Althoughthatcouldbedoneequallywellbyaddingnewsquaresorbydeletingexistingones,78%chosetheadditiveoption.Butwhypeopleforgetthatlessisoftenmore?OneexperimentaskedparticipantstoredesignanunbalancedLegostructuresothatitcouldsupportahouse－brick.Participantscouldearnadollarforfixingtheproblem,buteachpieceofLegotheyaddedcutthatrewardbytencents.Eventhen,only41%workedoutthatsimplifyingthestructurebyremovingasingleblock,ratherthancomplicatingitbyaddingmore,wasthewaytomaximisethepayout.Practiceimprovedpeople'schancesofspottingsubtractivesolutions,suggestingthatmanyweresimplynotthinkingofthepossibility,atleastatfirst.Whatallthisamountstoisevidencefor“additivethinking”enteringthelistof“cognitivebiases(認(rèn)知偏差)”.The2002NobelMemorialPrizeinEconomicScienceswasawardedfordemonstratingthathumansarenotthinkinglogicallyaseconomistsdo.Insteadofthinkingaproblemthroughandcomingupwithanidealsolution,theytendtousecognitiveshortcutsthatarefastandmostly“goodenough”．語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章中作者對(duì)減法思維的概念進(jìn)行了解釋，指出很多人都缺少減法思維，并分析了其中的原因；指出勤加練習(xí)可以培養(yǎng)減法思維，也闡述了“少即是多”的理念。5．WhyisChapman'scasementionedinParagraph1?A．Toprovehisphilosophy.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tosupporttheargument.D．Toprovideanexample.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hesummeduphisphilosophyas‘simplify,thenaddlightness’．”可知，第一段講ColinChapman推崇簡(jiǎn)化哲學(xué)，再根據(jù)第二段中“Itappearstobeanuncommoninsightsincehumansalwaysstrugglewithsubtractivethinking.”可知，第一段提到ColinChapman的事例是為了引入主題。6．WhatweretheparticipantsaskedtodoinAdams'sstudy?A．Tobalanceapattern.B．Toplusnewsquares.C．Todeleteoriginalsquares.D．Tochangeapattern'scolour.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inonestudyconducted...makeitbalanced.”可知，在Adams的實(shí)驗(yàn)中參與者被要求使一個(gè)圖案保持平衡。7．WhatcanweknowaboutsubtractivethinkingfromParagraph3?A．Itcanmakethingsmorecomplex.B．Itisashortcuttogainingafortune.C．Itcanbefacilitatedthroughpractice.D．Itisacommonwaytotackleproblems.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，減法思維可以通過(guò)練習(xí)來(lái)促進(jìn)。8．Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveythroughthetext?A．Lessisoftenmore.B．Thinklessandactmore.C．Additivethinkingisashortcut.D．Economiststhinkmorelogically.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whenaskedtoimprovesomething...leadtonotsatisfyingresults.”和第三段中“Butwhypeopleforgetthatlessisoftenmore？”可知，作者在文章中推崇“少即是多”的觀點(diǎn)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2023·南通模擬)Studyskillsarevaluabletoolswhenitcomestoachievingmeaningfullearning.Buttherearemanystudentswhohaven'tmasteredgoodskills.Theyoftengoforlast－minutememorization.Studyingfrommemorywon'tgiveyouverypromisingscores.___9__Thesewillhelpyouimproveyourperformance.___10__Itmeanswritingdownthemostimportantpointsinyourownwordssothatyoucanrememberthemmoreeasily.Inmostcasesthekeyistobeabletowritethemdownquickly,butwithoutleavingoutanyimportantinformation.Theotherkeyistomakesuretherelationshipbetweenthemainconceptsisveryclear.Thenremembertolookoveryournoteswithin24hoursoftakingthem,evenifyoudon'thaveatestcomingup.___11__Thenwhenyouactuallystartstudyingforatest,you'llbeabletorecalltheinformationmuchbetterthanifyouhadn'tlookedoveryournotesatallsinceyoutookthem.Anotherskilltohelpyoustudybetterisbrainstorming.___12__Soitcanbeespeciallyusefulfordoinggroupprojects,andyoucanconsiderdifferentideasandviewpoints.Butitcanalsobeusefultocramforanexam.Itcanclearupanyquestionandhelpyoudigdeeperintothesubjectmatter.Nooneisbornknowinghowtostudy,sostudyskillsareveryimportant.__13__A．Thiswillputyouatahugeadvantage.B．Takingnotesisoneofthemostwidespread.C.It'simportanttosolveproblemsinasimplerway.D．Luckily,therearealotofeffectivemethodsavailable.E．Successinschoolisn'tallabouttalentbutmostlyabouteffort.F．Butwhatreallymattersisthatyoushouldputtheminpractice.G．Itconsistsofagroupmeetingwheremembersthrowoutanyidea.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾種可使用的有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法以及如何把這些方法付諸實(shí)踐。9．選D根據(jù)上下文可知，后文中的These應(yīng)該指代的是可以提高成績(jī)的方法。所以選項(xiàng)D(幸運(yùn)的是，有很多有效的方法可以使用)符合語(yǔ)境。10．選B根據(jù)后句“Itmeans...youcanrememberthemmoreeasily.”可知，用自己的語(yǔ)言記下最重要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，即做筆記。所以選項(xiàng)B(做筆記是最普遍的一種方法)符合語(yǔ)境。11．選A根據(jù)后句“Thenwhenyou...sinceyoutookthem.”可知，回顧筆記對(duì)你很有用。所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。12．選G根據(jù)前句“Anotherskilltohelpyoustudybetterisbrainstorming.”和后句“Soitcanbeespeciallyuseful...andviewpoints.”可知，后面講到小組課題，考慮不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法，所以頭腦風(fēng)暴指的是成員們都能提出看法的小組會(huì)議。所以選項(xiàng)G(它包括一個(gè)小組會(huì)議，在那里成員們可以提出任何想法)符合語(yǔ)境。13．選F根據(jù)前句“Nooneisbornknowinghowtostudy,sostudyskillsareveryimportant.”可知，學(xué)習(xí)方法很重要，但真正重要的是付諸實(shí)踐。所以選項(xiàng)F(但真正重要的是你應(yīng)該把它們付諸實(shí)踐)符合語(yǔ)境。Ⅲ.完形填空Iwasboundtotraveltenmilestopickupafamilyfromaspecificlocation.Atthemomenttheywereinmy___14__，Iwasawarethatthecouplehad___15__theseatbelts,butnotthekidstheyweretravelingwith.ThenIsteppedoutofthecarandopenedthe__16__tohandtheseatbeltstothekids.Theparentsrefusedmy___17__，inthattheywereinarush.I___18__themifIwasdeclined,thenwhatkindof___19__wasthatforthechildren.Theywereonlyatlessthantwokilometersdistancefromtheirhome,butthecabcompany'spoliciesandthestate___20__lawsaboutseatbeltsaremymain___21__becauseIknowIcansavemyselfandothersfromaccidents.Iassumedthatthekidsappeared___22__oftheirparents,fortheydidn'tprotestabit.Buttheyeventuallystruggledtousethebelts.Onthataccount,Ididnot___23__thisincidenttothecabcompany,giventhosekidsbehavedso__24__thattheydidn'tnecessarilypayfortheirparents'__25__.Itookgreatprideinthosekids,astheywerenotthatsortofpeopletheirparentswere.Thecompanyhasbeen___26__itssecuritypolicieswhichrequirethedrivertowatchoutforthepassengers'__27__aswellasprovidingexcellentservices.Icongratulatedthekidsontheirpresenceatallschoolclassestheyhadbeenattending,andInoticethattheschoolsystemworksalotbetterdaybydayforthosewho__28__theclasses.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一位出租車司機(jī)，在接客人的時(shí)候要求孩子系好安全帶，但家長(zhǎng)不配合，作者希望家長(zhǎng)做個(gè)好的榜樣，遵紀(jì)守法。14．A.sight B．positionC．vehicle D．charge解析：選C根據(jù)本段“pickup”及“seatbelts”可知，作者是開車接人，乘客上了他的車(vehicle)。15．A.loosened B．ignoredC．discovered D．secured解析：選D根據(jù)下文第二段首句“ThenIsteppedoutofthecarandopenedthe______tohandtheseatbeltstothekids.”可知，一開始這對(duì)夫婦系好(secured)了安全帶，而孩子沒(méi)有。16．A.trunk B．windowC．engine D．door解析：選D作者應(yīng)該是坐駕駛座，孩子坐后面乘客座。所以作者下了車，打開后面乘客座的門，遞給孩子安全帶。17．A.signal B．offerC．response D．instruction解析：選B根據(jù)上文“handtheseatbeltstothekids”作者主動(dòng)遞給孩子安全帶，要求他們系好，及下文“inarush”可知，父母急著趕路，拒絕了作者提出讓孩子系安全帶的要求，認(rèn)為浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。18．A.reminded B．guaranteedC．comforted D．forgave解析：選A為人父母，應(yīng)以身作則，遵守交通法規(guī)，這是家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該都知道的，作者提醒(reminded)他們，注意一下自己應(yīng)該為孩子做個(gè)好的榜樣(model)。19．A.victim B．witnessC．phenomenon D．model解析：選D此處指好的榜樣。20．A.civil B．educationC．traffic D．labour解析：選C由空后“abouttheseatbelts”可知，關(guān)于座位安全帶的法規(guī)應(yīng)該是交通法規(guī)。21．A.task B．concernC．target D．barrier解析：選B作者作為出租車司機(jī)，公司制度和交通法規(guī)是作者關(guān)心的(concern)事。22．A.aware B．fearfulC．proud D．doubtful解析：選B根據(jù)下文“fortheydidn'tprotestabit”可以推知孩子害怕父母，很聽話的樣子。23．A.recommend B．connectC．refer D．owe解析：選C乘客不系安全帶，屬于違規(guī)行為，作者應(yīng)該告知公司，可是鑒于孩子很配合，表現(xiàn)很好，所以作者沒(méi)有向公司報(bào)告此事。24．A.perfectly B．differentlyC．badly D．strangely解析：選A根據(jù)上文“fortheydidn'tprotestabit.Buttheyeventuallystruggledtousethebelts.”及下文“Itookgreatprideinthosekids”可知，作者認(rèn)為孩子們的表現(xiàn)很棒。25．A.disrespect B．misunderstandingC．unconcern D．humbleness解析：選A根據(jù)上文“Theparentsrefusedmy________”可知，父母拒絕了作者提出的讓孩子系安全帶的請(qǐng)求，應(yīng)該是認(rèn)為孩子不用系安全帶了，認(rèn)為這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。這是對(duì)法律和生命安全的不尊重。26．A.adapting B．surveyingC．making D．conducting解析：選D此處指公司執(zhí)行安全政策，要求出租車司機(jī)關(guān)注乘客安全，并提供優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)。27．A.manners B．disciplineC．safety D．mood解析：選C出租車公司會(huì)要求司機(jī)關(guān)注乘客的安全。28．A.value B．provideC．reform D．improve解析：選A作者表?yè)P(yáng)了孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)校課堂上的表現(xiàn)，同時(shí)也注意到學(xué)校體系對(duì)那些重視(value)課堂的人越來(lái)越好。課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)主題表達(dá)升格訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.根據(jù)要求完成下列句子1．(完成句子)Wemustmake_full_use_of_every_opportunity(充分利用每一次機(jī)會(huì))inourlivestoimproveourselves.2．(完成句子)Besides,with_the_stadium_built(隨著體育場(chǎng)的建成),awiderangeofsportsactivitiescanbecarriedout.3．(完成句子)Hegotupslowly,leaving_the_breakfast_unfinished(留下早飯沒(méi)吃完)．4．(完成句子)Iamwithyou,however_far_away_you_may_be(無(wú)論你有多么遙不可及)．5．(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)Heisequippedwithrichknowledgeandinterestingteachingmethods,somyEnglishteacherisverypopularamongusstudents.(用非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)→Equipped_with_rich_knowledge_and_interesting_teaching_methods,_myEnglishteacherisverypopularamongusstudents.6．(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)Ayoungmansatbythewindowwithamagazineinhishand.→By_the_window_satayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.7．(一句多譯)隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，我們似乎正在失去很多傳統(tǒng)。①Withthedevelopmentofsociety,it_seems_that_we_are_losingalotoftraditions.(seemthat)②Withthedevelopmentofsociety,we_seem_to_be_losingalotoftraditions.(seemto)8．(一句多譯)你可以相信他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)的。①You_can_rely_on/upon_his_coming_on_time.(relyon/uponsb.'sdoing)②You_can_rely_on/upon_him_to_come_on_time.(relyon/uponsb.todo)③You_can_rely_on/upon_it_that_he_will_come_on_time.(用it作形式賓語(yǔ))Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。MyJulyvacationbeganwithascream.“Lora！”Iwoke,myeyelidssnappingopen.Irealizedthatmyfour－year－oldsister,Jenny,wasstaringatme.Istruggledtopushherawayfrommeasshejumpedonmylegs.Shescreamedandthenranoutofmyroom.ItwasasifJennyneverdidanythingwrong.IfJennygotangry,Momwouldsayshewastryingtogetherpointacross.WhenJennybrokeaplate,Dadsaidshewasjust“helping”meemptythedishwasher.WhenJennyscatteredflouralloverthefloor,insteadofscoldingher,myparentslaughedandsaid,“She'sturningintoabakerjustlikeyou,Lora.”WewereflyingtoUtahtovisitmygrandmaforthethirdJuly.EveryyearIpreparedgiftsforherbirthday,butIsighedasIconsideredwhattopreparethistime.Whenwewalkedofftheplane,Iwasrelievedtoseethesmilingfaceofmygrandma.Weracedovertoher.“Hi,sweetheart.”GrandmawentdownononekneetohugJennyandthenswungherintheair.Jennyscreamedwithlaughter.ThenGrandmahuggedme.“It'salsogoodtoseeyou,Lora.”Aftersixhoursofflight,Ihadalittleheadache.Iwantedtobealone,soIwentoutsidetotakeawalkandsearchforabirthdaygift.Wanderingonthestreet,Ihappenedtoseeabakery.Suddenly,anideaoccurredtome,“Whynotmakeabirthdaycakebymyself？”IwassoexcitedthatIimmediatelyranintothebakerytoldthebakermypurposeandhepermittedmetomakeacakebymyself.Itriedmybesttomakeaperfectcakeformygrandma'sbirthday.WhenIjustfinished,Momcalledmefordinner.Iwentbackhomeinahurryandhidmycakeinthebedroom.WhenIwalkedbackintotheroomafterdinner,myheartstopped.Jennywaslyingonthebed,withalotofcreamonherface.Seeingmefrozeninthedoorway,shejumpedfromthebed.Sheranovertomeandsaid,“Thecreamissodelicious？”“Out！”Iscreamedangrily,andsheranoutoftheroom.IranovertothecakeandthepatternonthecakewasdestroyedjustasI'dfeared.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：MomappearedinthedoorwaywithJennybyherside.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Par