全國(guó)高三下學(xué)期5月高考模擬英語(yǔ)試卷

絕密★啟用前2021屆全國(guó)高三下學(xué)期5月高考模擬英語(yǔ)試卷(天津?qū)Ｓ?第一模擬（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：130分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1．Itiseverybody’sdesirethateveryeffort_______toreducethepollutioninourcity.A．wasmade B．bemade C．willbemade D．wouldbemade2．Chris________gototheoperaonSundaybecauseheisgoingtohaveameeting.A．can’t B．might C．mustn’t D．should3．Hisgrandfatheris________old________lifttheheavybox.A．too…to B．enough…to C．so…to D．a(chǎn)s…as4．Theyoungman,________severalattemptstobeattheworldrecordinjumping,decidedtohaveanothertry.A．made B．tomake C．havingmade D．making5．Christriedtogethiswork________intheliteraturecircles.A．torecognize B．recognizing C．recognize D．recognized6．Iwouldliketoliveinacountry________itoftensnowsinwinter.A．that B．which C．when D．where7．Whatdoyouthinkoftheparty________lastnight?A．holding B．tobeheld C．hold D．held8．Bytheendoflasttermwe________thebook.A．finished B．hadfinished C．finish D．havefinished9．Itremainstobeseen________thenewschoolrulescanbeputintopractice.A．that B．which C．what D．whether10．Accordingtotheinformation________Tuesdaymorning,thefirehadclaimedfivepeople'slives.A．update B．updates C．updated D．updating11．TheUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.A．that B．which C．who D．whose12．Theraincamesosuddenlythat________Icouldfinda________tohide,ithadbegunpouring．A．a(chǎn)fter,reserve B．before,reserveC．a(chǎn)fter,shelter D．before,shelter13．Inthisgameyouwereaskedtoworktogetherasateamandsolveproblemsasthey________.A．rose B．a(chǎn)rose C．raised D．a(chǎn)rise14．Hisspeech________theaudience.A．madeastrongimpressionin B．madeastrongimpressiveonC．madeastrongimpressionon D．madeastrongimpresson15．—Whatamess!You'realwayslazy!—Iamnottoblame,Mum.I'm________youhavemademe.A．because B．why C．what D．that第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。FourstudentsfromaGermanhighschoolchoirwrotealettertoPengLiyuan."Singing16songswasthehappiestpartofthedaywhenwestudiedathome,"theysaid.Theletter,writteninChinese,wasinreplytoaletterfromPengonFeb9thtothestudentsandteachersatBurgGymnasium,17themtocontributetopromotingthe18ofChinaandGermany.Thestudentssaidtheyhave19Peng'slettermanytimesandarevery20.“Wefeelsoproudafterknowingthatyoueven21ourvideo,“theywroteintheletter,22avideoclipinwhichstudents23aChinesesong.SimoneReuen,theprincipalofBurgGymnasium,saidinherlettertoPengthatshewas24happythattheschoolhadreceivedsomuch25.“Yourletterisagreatpraise,acknowledgementand26tonotonlyourschoolbutalsothe27ofourschool'sChinesechoir；"Reuenwrote.Reuensaidthatshebelievedthattheirsongshaveplayeda28butveryimportantroleinthe29andmutual（相互的）learningbetweenpeopleinGermanyandChina.Shesaidshewas30ofthestudentsfor31thedistancesbetweenthetwopeoples.ThestudentsandteachersattheschoolaskedtheChinese32inGermanytoforwardthe33letterstoPeng,togetherwithworksofcalligraphyandother34madebythestudents.BurgGymnasiumhasbeen35Chineselanguagecoursessince1994.InMarch2014,PengvisitedtheschoolandjoinedaChineseclassthereduringXi'sstatevisittoGermany.16．A．English B．German C．Chinese D．American17．A．a(chǎn)ppointing B．encouraging C．requiring D．promising18．A．friendship B．education C．tourism D．economy19．A．received B．imitated C．explained D．read20．A．a(chǎn)nxious B．curious C．excited D．tired21．A．watched B．promoted C．observed D．studied22．A．engagingin B．relyingon C．referringto D．a(chǎn)ddingto23．A．wrote B．sang C．recited D．translated24．A．extremely B．a(chǎn)pproximately C．gradually D．constantly25．A．permission B．a(chǎn)dmission C．treatment D．recognition26．A．donation B．inspiration C．a(chǎn)ward D．possession27．A．labor B．experiment C．experience D．work28．A．slight B．heavy C．great D．critical29．A．entertainment B．negotiations C．exchanges D．petition30．A．a(chǎn)fraid B．proud C．fond D．a(chǎn)shamed31．A．strengthening B．deleting C．widening D．shortening32．A．embassy B．club C．a(chǎn)ssociation D．munity33．A．plaint B．gratitude C．invitation D．a(chǎn)pplication34．A．foods B．remarks C．reports D．gifts35．A．evaluating B．offeringC．controllingD．expecting第二部分閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題分，滿分50分)AWhileitisimpossibletolivepletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.TheUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesoffersthefollowingsuggestionsforwaystodealwithstress.◆TryphysicalactivityWhenyouarenervous,angryorupset,tryreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseorphysicalactivity.Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardenarejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry.◆TakecareofyourselfYoushouldmakeeveryefforttoeatwellandgetenoughrest.Ifyoueasilygetangryandcan’tsleepwellenough,orifyou’renoteatingproperly,itwillbemorelikelythatyouwillfallintostressfulsituations.Ifstressrepeatedlykeepsyoufromsleeping,youshouldconsultadoctor.◆MaketimeforyourselfScheduletimeforbothworkandentertainment.Don'tforget,playcanbejustasimportanttoyouroverallwellbeingaswork.Youneedabreakfromyourdailyroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun.Gowindowshoppingorworkonahobby.Allowyourselfatleastahalfhoureachdaytodosomethingyouenjoy.◆MakealistofthingstodoStresscanresultfromdisorganizationandafeelingthat“there’ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”.Tryingtotakecareofeverythingatoncecanbetoomuchforyouandasaresult,youmaynotachieveanything.Instead,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo,thendoonethingatatime,checkingoffeachtaskasitispleted.Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst.36．Whichofthefollowingstatementsshowsthatyouhavefallenintostressfulsituations?A．Youcan’tsleepwellallthetime. B．Youhaveabreakafterwork.C．Youalwaysfeelhappyandrelaxed. D．Youonlydoonethingatatime.37．Accordingtothepassage,howdoyoumakealistofthingstodo?A．Trytotakecareofeverythingatonce.B．Doonethingatatime.C．Onlydothemostimportantthing.D．Haveabreakfromyourwork.38．Whydoesthewriterwritethispassage?A．Togiveopinion. B．Togivesuggestions.C．Tomakearequest. D．Toaskforadvice.39．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoDealwithStress? B．HowtoMakeTimeforYourself?C．HowtoTakeCareofYourself? D．HowtoMakeaListofThingstoDo?40．Whichofthefollowingwouldbetheadvicetodealwithstressaccordingtothepassage?A．Justlieinbedforarest. B．Alwayslistentopopmusic.C．Insistondoingwork. D．Makealisttodothingsonebyone.BBrushingyourteethtwiceadayshouldkeepthedentistaway.Butifagroupofscientificresearchershavetheirwish,itwillmaketherestofyourbodyhealthytoo.AtoothbrushthatchecksbloodsugarandbacteriawhileyoubrushiscurrentlyindevelopmentintheUSA．Itisoneofmanygadgets（小器械）proposedbyengineersanddoctorsattheCenterforFutureHealthinNewYork.Thegadgetsseemfanciful,butthebasicprinciplesaresimple.Thegadgetsshouldmakeiteasyforpeopletodetectillnesslongbeforeitstrikesandsoseektreatmentfarearlierthannormal.Insteadofrelyingonhitechhospitals,theemphasis（重點(diǎn)）isshiftedtothehomeandeasytousegadgets.Inthelongrun,thetechnologymayevenpreventillnessbyencouragingustoleadhealthierlives.Intelligentbandagesareagoodexample.Powerfulsensorswithinthebandagecouldquicklyidentifytinyamountsofbacteriainawoundanddeterminewhatmedicinewouldworkbest.Thecutcouldthenbetreatedinstantly.Thebiggestdevelopmentismelanoma（黑色素瘤）monitordesignedtogiveearlywarningsofcancer.Itcouldbeusedtotakeapictureofyourbodyeachweek,andthenpareittopreviousimages.Ifaproblemisfound,thesystemwouldadviseyoutogetacheckup.Ifallthissoundsworrying,thenhelpisathand.Expertsarealsoworkingona“digitaldoctor”,pletewithafortingbedsidemanner.AstandardputerwouldbeabletounderstandyourvoiceandanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptomsinplainEnglishandinawaywhichcouldcalmyournerves.Stressisnosweateither.Aportablemunicationaidcouldrecognizecertainphrasesandtonesandletyouknowwhenyouareabouttoloseyourtemper.Thesoftwarewouldalsosuggestwaysofkeepingyourcool.Researchersarestillstruggling,however,withmakingthetechnologycheapandsimpleenoughforthehouseholduser.Thatisgoingtobethedifficultpart.41．ThegadgetsmentionedinParagraph1________.A．a(chǎn)reusedonlyinhospitalsB．a(chǎn)retooplicatedtooperateC．helppeoplerecoverfromillnessD．candetectdiseaseassoonaspossible42．Amelanomamonitorcanbenefit________.A．thosedealingwithstress B．potentialcancerpatientsC．peoplesufferingawound D．peoplewho’vegottoothache43．Theunderlinedpart“keepingyourcool”inParagraph6canbereplacedby“________”.A．stayingcalm B．stoppingsweatingC．keepinghandsome D．expressinginwords44．Itisdifficultforscientiststo________.A．persuadepeopletousethegadgets B．designinventionstopreventillnessC．collectenoughmoneyfortheirwork D．makethegadgetsaffordableandhandy45．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ADoctorintheHouse B．HospitalsintheFutureC．TipsforBrushingyourTeeth D．TheHistoryofMedicalEquipmentCImaginetakingtotheskies,spreadingyourarmsoutandsoaring（翱翔）throughtheclouds.Flyingisindeedpossibleinyourdreams.Butnoonecancontrolwhathappensindreams,right?Wrong.Dreamsinwhichyouareawarethatyouaredreamingandcancontrolwhathappensarecalledluciddreams（清醒夢(mèng)）.Thesedreamsaremostmonduringthestageofsleepknownasrapideyemovement（REM）sleep.Luciddreaminghasbeenreferencedthroughouthistory.It’smentionedinGreekphilosopherAristotle’swriting,aswellasinEgyptianhieroglyphics（象形文字）andintheoraltraditionsofAustralianaborigines.However,itwasn’tuntil1975thatBritishpsychologistKeithHearnewascreditedasthefirstpersontoproducescientificproofthatluciddreamsoccur.Sincethen,wehavelearnedmuchmoreaboutthisphenomenon.AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalConsciousnessandCognition,55percentofpeoplehavehadaluciddreamatleastonceintheirlifetime,while23percentexperienceluciddreamsonceamonthormore.Thoughthesenumbersshowthatthemajorityofpeopledon’thaveluciddreamsregularly,scientistsaredevelopingnewtechnologyforthosewhowanttohavethisexperience.Forexample,CurzioVasapolloinventedadevicecalledZMax,aheadbandthatcanmonitoreyemovements,bodymovementsandheartratetohelppeoplehavealuciddream.Butwhywouldsomeonewanttohaveluciddreams?Asitturnsout,luciddreamingcanhavemanybenefits.AlixGenerous,ayoungwomansufferingfromautism（自閉癥）,saidinherTEDtalk：“Iloveluciddreamingbecauseitallowsmetobefree，withoutjudgmentofsocialandphysicalconsequences.”Also,learninghowtohaveluciddreamsmayhelpthosewhosufferfromnightmares.Throughbeingabletocontroltheiractions,theymaybeabletooverethecauseoftheirfear.Luciddreamsmayencouragecreativityaswell.AccordingtothewebsiteNotesRead,thosewhoexperiencethisdreamstatewillfindaccessto“anunbelievablefundofknowledgeandinspiration”.Forexample,BritishAmericanfilmmakerChristopherNolantookinspirationfromhisownluciddreamswhenhewrotethe2010scifimovieInception.Maybeoneday,everyonecanindulgein（沉浸在）luciddreams.46．Whatcanweknowaboutluciddreaming?A．It’slikelytocausenightmares.B．Mostpeopleexperienceluciddreams.C．ItusuallyhappensduringREMsleep.D．Wecansleepwalkwhenluciddreaming.47．Fromwhichsourcecanyoufindscientificproofofluciddreaming?A．Aristotle’swriting. B．Egyptianhieroglyphics.C．KeithHearne’sresearch. D．Australianaborigines’oraltraditions.48．AdevicecalledZMaxwasinventedtohelppeoplewhowant________.A．topreventnightmares B．todosomeliterarywritingC．toexperiencealuciddream D．tohavesweetdreamsregularly49．Howdoesluciddreamingbenefitpeople?A．Itcanbeasourceofcreativity. B．Itisaneffectivecureforautism.C．Ithelpspeopleadjusttheirheartrate. D．Itenablespeopletobeeconfident.50．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Todemonstratenewtechnologiestotreatsleepdisorder.B．Togiveageneralintroductionofluciddreaming.C．Todescribeanexperimentaboutluciddreaming.D．Topresentawaytodealwithluciddreaming.DScientistsattheDepartmentofEnergy’sLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryandtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhaveinjusttwoyearsnearlydoubledthenumberofmaterialsknowntohavepotentialforuseinsolarfuels.Theydidsobydevelopingaprocessthatpromisestospeedthediscoveryofmerciallyviable(商業(yè)可行性)generationofsolarfuelsthatcouldreplacecoal,oil,andotherfossilfuels.Solarfuels,adreamofcleanenergyresearch,arecreatedusingonlysunlight,water,andcarbondioxide.Researchersareexploringarangeofpossibletargetfuels,butonepossibilityistoproducehydrogenbysplittingwater.Eachwatermolecule(分子)consistsofoneoxygenatomandtwohydrogenatoms.Thehydrogenatomsareextracted,andthencanbereunitedtocreatehighlyflammablehydrogengasorbinedwithCO2tocreatehydrocarbonfuels,creatingaplentifulandrenewableenergysource.Theproblem,however,isthatwatermoleculesdonotsimplybreakdownwhensunlightshinesonthemiftheydid,theoceanswouldnotcovermostoftheplanet.Theyneedalittlehelpfromasolarpoweredcatalyst(催化劑).Tocreatepracticalsolarfuels,scientistshavebeentryingtodeveloplowcostandefficientmaterialsthatperformthenecessarychemistryusingonlyvisiblelightasanenergysource.AnewmethodwasdevelopedthroughapartnershipbetweentheJoint“Whatisparticularlysignificantaboutthisstudy,whichbinesexperimentandtheory,isthatinadditiontoidentifyingseveralnewpoundsforsolarfuelapplications,wecanalsolearnsomethingnewaboutthebasicelectronicstructureofthematerialsthemselves.”saysNeaton,thedirectoroftheMolecularFoundry.51．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassage?A．Somescientistspromisetospeedthediscoveryofmerciallyviablegenerationofsolarfuels.B．Somescientistshavefoundtwiceasmuchsolarfuel.C．Somescientistsfoundnewmaterialsinsolarfuelsthatcouldreplacetraditionalfuels.D．Somescientistshaveusedtwotypesofsolarfuelinjusttwoyears.52．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanwedotocreateaplentifulandrenewableenergysource?A．Useonlysunlight,water,andcarbondioxide.B．Extracthydrogenatomsfromwatermolecule.C．Createhydrocarbonfuelsfromwatermolecule.D．Explorepossibletargetfuels.53．Asolarpoweredcatalystcanbeusedfor________.A．creatinganewenergysource.B．breakingdownwatermolecules.C．creatinghighlyflammablehydrogengas.D．reunitinghydrogenatomsextractedfromwatermolecule.54．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A．Thestudywillidentifysomesolarfuels.B．Scientistscanlearnaboutthebasicelectronicstructureofthenewpounds.C．Thestudyinvolvesnewtheoryandrelativeexperiment.D．Themostimportanceofthestudyistofindsomesolarfuelapplications.55．Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A．Newmaterialscouldturnwaterintothefuelofthefuture.B．Anewmethodwasdevelopedtocreatearenewablefuel.C．Aprogramthataimstosplitwaterandcreateacleanenergyresearch.D．Solarfuelsareadreamofcleanenergy.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問題。BethanyHamiltonhasbeeasourceofinspirationformillionsthroughherstoryoffaith,determinationandhope.AndnowherstoryhasbeeamajormoviewhichisentitledSoulSurfer.BornintoafamilyofsurfersonFebruary8,1990,ontheislandofKauaiHawaii,Bethanybegansurfingatayoungage.Attheageofeight,Bethanyenteredherfirstsurfpetitionwinningboththeshortandlongboarddivisionsandsparkingaloveforsurfpetitionwithinherspirit.OnOctober31,2003,attheageof13.Bethanywasattackedbya14foottigersharkwhilesurfingjustofftheshoreofHawaii.Bethanysaid,“Itcameoutoftheblue.Ihadnowarningatall;noteventheslightestsignofdangeronthehorizon.Thewavesweresmallandinconsistent,andIwasjustkindofrollingalongwiththem,relaxingonmyboardwithmyleftarmdangling(“That'sallittook:asplitsecond.Ifeltalotofpressureandacoupleoflightningfasttugs(猛拽).ThenIwatchedinshockasthewateraroundmeturnedbrightred.Somehow,Istayedcalm.Myleftarmwasgonealongwithahugepieceofmysurfboard...”Herfriendshadtogethertothebeachwhichtook20minutesofpaddling.Afterlosingmorethan40percentofherbloodandmakingitthroughseveralsurgeries,Bethanywaswellonherwaytorecoveryduetoanunbelievablypositiveattitude.InJanuary2004,Bethanymadeherreturntosurfpetitionandwithnointentionofstopping,Bethanycontinuedtoenterandshineinpetitions.Initially,sheadoptedacustommadeboardthatwaslongerandslightlythickerthanstandardandhadahandleforherrightarm,makingiteasiertopaddle,andshelearnedtokickmoretomakeupforthelossofherleftarm.Justoverayearaftertheattack,shetookfirstplacewinningherfirstNationalTitle.Nowshepeteswiththeworld'sbestandtravelstheglobe.56．WhatwasBethanyHamilton'sdreamwhenshewasyoung?(Nomorethan10words)___________________________________________________________________________________________57．WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph3?(Nomorethan5words)___________________________________________________________________________________________58．Accordingtothepassage,howdidBethanymakearecovery?(Nomorethan10words)___________________________________________________________________________________________59．HowdidBethanysurfwhenshestartedsurfingagain?(Nomorethan15words)___________________________________________________________________________________________60．PleaseexplainhowyouareinspiredbyBethanyHamilton.(Nomorethan20words)___________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)61．假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李津，你的英國(guó)朋友Chris發(fā)來電子郵件很想了解有關(guān)你校高三學(xué)生體育活動(dòng)的情況，請(qǐng)你回一封電子郵件進(jìn)行介紹，內(nèi)容包括:(1)你校高三體育課以及課間活動(dòng)安排情況；(2)你最喜歡的一項(xiàng)體育活動(dòng)；(3)簡(jiǎn)要說明體育活動(dòng)對(duì)高三學(xué)生的意義。注意:(1)詞數(shù)不少于100；(2)可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫；(3)開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。DearChris,I’mgladtohavereceivedyouremailaskingaboutourPEclassesandsportsactivities.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiJin【答案】【答案】1．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：盡一切努力減少我們城市的污染是每個(gè)人的愿望。A.wasmade被做出（一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）；B.bemade被做出（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）；C.willbemade將被做（一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）；D.wouldbemade將被作（過去將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）。分析句子該空是desire的同位語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)是effort，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；名詞desire的同位語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，should加動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略。故選B項(xiàng)。2．A【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：克里斯星期天不能去看歌劇了，因?yàn)樗_會(huì)。A.can’t不能；B.might也許；C.mustn’t禁止；D.should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“becauseheisgoingtohaveameeting.”可知，克里斯不能去看歌劇。故選A。3．A【詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：他的爺爺太老了搬不動(dòng)重箱子。A.too…to太……而不能；B.enough…to足夠做；C.so...to無(wú)此用法；D.as…as和……一樣。根據(jù)句意及常識(shí)可知，此處表示否定。故選A。4．C【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那個(gè)年輕人嘗試了幾次，想打破跳遠(yuǎn)世界紀(jì)錄，決定再試一次。句中邏輯主語(yǔ)Theyoungman與make之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作decidedto之前，所以用havingdone。故選C。5．D【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：克里斯努力讓他的作品在文學(xué)界得到認(rèn)可。句中動(dòng)詞get后賓語(yǔ)hiswork與recognize之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故選D。6．D【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我喜歡住在冬天經(jīng)常下雪的國(guó)家。句中先行詞為country，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故選D。7．D【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：你認(rèn)為昨晚舉辦的派對(duì)怎么樣？設(shè)空處在句中修飾party，根據(jù)句意可知，兩者為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以應(yīng)該用過去分詞形式，表示被舉辦，故選D。8．B【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到上學(xué)期末，我們已經(jīng)讀完了這本書。分析可知，設(shè)空處缺少一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再根據(jù)“Bytheendoflastterm”，表示到上學(xué)期末，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是“過去的過去”，要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，所以hadfinished符合題意，表示讀完了這本書，故選B。9．D【詳解】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：新校規(guī)能否付諸實(shí)施還有待觀察。A.that(無(wú)意義)；B.which哪一個(gè)，哪一些；C.what……的人或事物；D.whether是否。分析句子可知，It為形式主語(yǔ)；空格處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞whether“是否”引導(dǎo)從句，符合句意，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。故選D項(xiàng)。10．C【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：句意：據(jù)周二上午更新的消息，火災(zāi)已造成5人死亡。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞information，動(dòng)詞update與其邏輯主語(yǔ)information之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空處需用過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故選C。11．D【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：聯(lián)合國(guó)成立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署，其目的之一是緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑荒。句中先行詞theWorldFoodProgramme在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作名詞purpose的定語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。故選D。12．D【詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句及名詞詞義辨析。句意：雨下得太突然了，我還沒找到避雨的地方，雨就下起來了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處指還沒來得及找遮蔽物就下雨了，before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為：在……之前；還沒來得及；……之后，故第一個(gè)空填before。第二空前是冠詞a，故空格填名詞，由常識(shí)可知下雨時(shí)要避雨，故要找遮蔽物，shelter，名詞，意為：庇護(hù)；避難所；遮蓋物。after：在……之后；reserve：儲(chǔ)備（量）；自然保護(hù)區(qū)。故選D。13．B【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在這款游戲中，你需要作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)一起工作，解決出現(xiàn)的問題。arise（問題、困難等）出現(xiàn)，不及物動(dòng)詞；rise（數(shù)字等）增加，上升，不及物動(dòng)詞；raise提高，舉起，籌集，及物動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文“youwereasked”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，且此處指出現(xiàn)的問題，應(yīng)用arose。故選B。14．C【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)。句意：他的演講給觀眾留下了深刻的印象。分析可知，本題考查固定短語(yǔ)makeastrongimpressiononsb.“給某人留下深刻印象”，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知陳述過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選C。15．C【詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：——真是一團(tuán)糟！你總是很懶！——不應(yīng)該責(zé)怪我，媽媽。是你讓我成為這個(gè)樣子的。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?6．C17．B18．A19．D20．C21．A22．C23．B24．A25．D26．B27．D28．A29．C30．B31．D32．A33．B34．D35．B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是德國(guó)高中合唱團(tuán)的四名學(xué)生給彭麗媛寫了一封信。彭麗媛收到信后觀看了他們唱中文歌的視頻，回復(fù)了信件并且在信中給與了他們贊揚(yáng)、肯定和鼓舞。16．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們說:“在家學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，唱中文歌曲是一天中最快樂的時(shí)光。”A.English英文的；B.German德文的；C.Chinese中文的；D.American美國(guó)的。根據(jù)他們用中文給彭麗媛寫信可知，他們表達(dá)的是唱“中文”歌曲，故選C項(xiàng)。17．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這封中文信件是對(duì)彭麗媛2月9日致柏林體育館內(nèi)師生的一封信的回復(fù)，信中鼓勵(lì)他們?yōu)榇龠M(jìn)中德友誼做出貢獻(xiàn)。A.appointing任命，指定；B.encouraging鼓勵(lì)；C.requiring要求；D.promising承諾。根據(jù)前文提到他們喜歡中文，唱中文歌，結(jié)合第二段內(nèi)容可知他們受到了鼓舞可知是“鼓勵(lì)”18．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這封中文信件是對(duì)彭麗媛2月9日致柏林體育館內(nèi)師生的一封信的回復(fù)，信中鼓勵(lì)他們?yōu)榇龠M(jìn)中德友誼做出貢獻(xiàn)。A.friendship友誼；B.education教育；C.tourism旅游業(yè)；D.economy經(jīng)濟(jì)。根據(jù)前文可知，這些學(xué)生們喜愛中文，唱中文歌曲，所以是鼓勵(lì)他們促進(jìn)中德“友誼”19．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們表示，他們多次閱讀了彭麗媛的信，非常激動(dòng)。A.received收到，獲得；B.imitated模仿；C.explained解釋；D.read閱讀。根據(jù)上一段可知，他們收到了彭麗媛的回復(fù)，且非常激動(dòng)開心，由此可推知他們“讀”信很多次，故選D項(xiàng)。20．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們表示，他們多次閱讀了彭麗媛的信，非常激動(dòng)。A.anxious緊張，焦慮的；B.curious好奇的；C.excited激動(dòng)的；D.tired勞累的。根據(jù)下一句提到“Wefeelsoproudafterknowingthatyoueven6ourvideo(知道你看了我們的視頻后，我們感到非常自豪。)”以及他們對(duì)中文歌的喜愛可知，他們收到信感到很“激動(dòng)”，故選C項(xiàng)。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)谛胖袑懙?“知道你看了我們的視頻后，我們感到非常自豪?！彼麄?cè)谛胖刑岬降囊曨l片段中，學(xué)生們唱了一首中文歌曲。A.watched觀看；B.promoted促進(jìn)；C.observed觀察；D.studied學(xué)習(xí)，研究。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)video以及視頻中的內(nèi)容是學(xué)生唱中文歌，可知是“觀看”了視頻，故選A項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們?cè)谛胖袑懙?“知道你看了我們的視頻后，我們感到非常自豪?！彼麄?cè)谛胖刑岬降囊曨l片段中，學(xué)生們唱了一首中文歌曲。A.engagingin從事于，參加；B.relyingon依賴；C.referringto關(guān)于，提及；D.addingto加到。根據(jù)上一句提到彭麗媛觀看了他們的視頻，此處是“提及”的是隨信附寄的視頻，故選C項(xiàng)。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)谛胖袑懙?“知道你看了我們的視頻后，我們感到非常自豪?！彼麄?cè)谛胖刑岬降囊曨l片段中，學(xué)生們唱了一首中文歌曲。A.wrote寫；B.sang唱；C.recited背誦；D.translated翻譯。由賓語(yǔ)“aChinesesong”和“視頻中”可推斷是“唱”中文歌，故選B項(xiàng)。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：該校校長(zhǎng)西蒙·魯恩在給彭麗媛的信中表示，她非常高興學(xué)校得到了如此多的認(rèn)可。A.extremely特別地，非常；B.approximately大約；C.gradually逐漸地；D.constantly時(shí)常。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知，受到認(rèn)可應(yīng)該是“非?！遍_心，故選A項(xiàng)。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該校校長(zhǎng)西蒙·魯恩在給彭麗媛的信中表示，她非常高興學(xué)校得到了如此多的認(rèn)可。A.permission允許；B.admission承認(rèn)，準(zhǔn)入；C.treatment對(duì)待，治療；D.recognition認(rèn)可，識(shí)別。根據(jù)下文““Yourletterisagreatpraise,acknowledgementand11tonotonlyourschoolbutalsothe12ofourschool'sChinesechoir；"Reuenwrote.”可知彭麗媛信中回復(fù)的內(nèi)容是贊揚(yáng)、肯定和鼓舞，是對(duì)他們極大的“認(rèn)可”。故選D項(xiàng)。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“您的來信不僅對(duì)我們學(xué)校，而且對(duì)我們學(xué)校中文合唱團(tuán)的工作，都是極大的贊揚(yáng)、肯定和鼓舞。”Reuen寫道。A.donation捐贈(zèng)；B.inspiration鼓舞；C.award獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.possession擁有，財(cái)產(chǎn)。由前文學(xué)生們對(duì)彭麗媛回信的反應(yīng)可知，這對(duì)他們來說不僅僅是贊揚(yáng)，還是一種極大的鼓舞，故選B項(xiàng)。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“您的來信不僅對(duì)我們學(xué)校，而且對(duì)我們學(xué)校中文合唱團(tuán)的工作，都是極大的贊揚(yáng)、肯定和鼓舞。”Reuen寫道。A.labor勞動(dòng)；B.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.experience體驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷；D.work工作，作品。根據(jù)第一段“FourstudentsfromaGermanhighschoolchoirwrotealettertoPengLiyuan.(來自德國(guó)高中合唱團(tuán)的四名學(xué)生給彭麗媛寫了一封信。)”可知給彭麗媛寫信的是合唱團(tuán)的成員，彭麗媛的回復(fù)給與了合唱團(tuán)“工作”的認(rèn)可，故選D項(xiàng)。28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：魯恩表示，她認(rèn)為他們的歌曲在中德兩國(guó)人民的交流互鑒中發(fā)揮了微小但非常重要的作用。A.slight輕的；B.heavy重的；C.great好的；D.critical批判的。根據(jù)butimportant可知此處應(yīng)填入與important相反意義的詞slight，表示“微小但重要”，故選A項(xiàng)。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：魯恩表示，她認(rèn)為他們的歌曲在中德兩國(guó)人民的交流互鑒中發(fā)揮了微小但非常重要的作用。A.entertainment娛樂；B.negotiations溝通，協(xié)商；C.exchanges交換，交流；D.petition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)mutual（相互的）learning可知應(yīng)選擇意思相近的exchanges(交流)，故選C項(xiàng)。30．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說，她為學(xué)生縮短了兩國(guó)人民的距離而感到驕傲。A.afraid害怕的；B.proud自豪的，驕傲的；C.fond喜歡的；D.ashamed羞恥的。根據(jù)“縮短兩國(guó)人民的距離”可知學(xué)生們的行為很優(yōu)秀，所以應(yīng)感到“自豪”，故選B項(xiàng)。31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說，她為學(xué)生縮短了兩國(guó)人民的距離而感到驕傲。A.strengthening加強(qiáng)；B.deleting刪除；C.widening擴(kuò)展；D.shortening縮短。由前文提到的“唱中文歌曲”，進(jìn)行交流互鑒可知是“縮短”了兩國(guó)人民的距離，故選D項(xiàng)。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校師生請(qǐng)中國(guó)駐德國(guó)大使館轉(zhuǎn)交彭麗媛的感謝信，以及學(xué)生們制作的書法作品和其他禮物。A.embassy大使館；B.club俱樂部；C.association協(xié)會(huì)；D.munity社區(qū)。從德國(guó)師生轉(zhuǎn)交到彭麗媛的信件，應(yīng)通過中駐德大使館，故選A項(xiàng)。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校師生請(qǐng)中國(guó)駐德國(guó)大使館轉(zhuǎn)交彭麗媛的感謝信，以及學(xué)生們制作的書法作品和其他禮物。A.plaint抱怨；B.gratitude感激；C.invitation邀請(qǐng)；D.application應(yīng)用，申請(qǐng)。由前文可知，師生們受到了鼓勵(lì)，所以想表達(dá)“感謝”，故選B項(xiàng)。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校師生請(qǐng)中國(guó)駐德國(guó)大使館轉(zhuǎn)交彭麗媛的感謝信，以及學(xué)生們制作的書法作品和其他禮物。A.foods食品；B.remarks評(píng)論，摘要；C.reports報(bào)告；D.gifts禮物。根據(jù)前面提到表達(dá)感謝，以及書法作品，與之并列也應(yīng)是表達(dá)感謝的物品，如“禮物”，故選D項(xiàng)。35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：伯格中學(xué)自1994年開始開設(shè)漢語(yǔ)課程。A.evaluating評(píng)估；B.offering提供；C.controlling控制；D.expecting期待。根據(jù)下一句“InMarch2014,PengvisitedtheschoolandjoinedaChineseclassthereduringXi'sstatevisittoGermany.(2014年3月,在習(xí)近平對(duì)德國(guó)進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問，彭參觀了學(xué)校并加入了一個(gè)中文課。)”可知伯格中學(xué)從1994年開始“提供（開設(shè)）”中文課程，故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?6．A37．B38．B39．A40．D【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章提到了美國(guó)衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部就如何應(yīng)對(duì)壓力提供了一些建議。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Ifyoueasilygetangryandcan’tsleepwellenough,orifyou’renoteatingproperly，itwillbemorelikelythatyouwillfallintostressfulsituations.(如果你很容易生氣，睡不好覺，或者飲食不合理，你更有可能陷入緊張的境地)”可知，如果你睡不好覺就表明了你有可能出現(xiàn)緊張的情況。故選A項(xiàng)。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Instead,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo,thendoonethingatatime,checkingoffeachtaskasitispleted.Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst.(相反，你應(yīng)該把你要做的每件事列一個(gè)清單，然后一次做一件事，每件事完成后就檢查一下。首先著手做最重要的任務(wù))”可知，把你要做的每件事列一個(gè)清單，每次只做一件事。故選B項(xiàng)。38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章一段“Whileitisimpossibletolivepletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.TheUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesoffersthefollowingsuggestionsforwaystodealwithstress.(雖然生活中完全沒有壓力是不可能的，但是當(dāng)壓力不可避免的時(shí)候，我們可以預(yù)防壓力，同時(shí)減少它的影響。美國(guó)衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部就如何應(yīng)對(duì)壓力提供了以下建議)”可知，作者通過本文提出了一些避免壓力的建議。故選B項(xiàng)。39．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段