名詞性從句的來龍去脈及底層邏輯導(dǎo)學(xué)案陜西省省級教學(xué)能手原創(chuàng)語法課

名詞性從句名詞性從句的本質(zhì)：名詞性從句就是用三種句子分別充當另外一個句子的四種句子成分。三種句子：四種句子成分：名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞對應(yīng)的簡單句類型引導(dǎo)詞是否做成分引導(dǎo)詞是否省略連詞.陳述句連詞.不能連接副詞when,where,why,how;連接代詞who,whom,what,which,whosewhen,where,why,how在從句中作狀語；who,whom,what作主、賓、表語；which和whose作定語，后面+名詞使用if還是whether?1.if只用于動詞后的賓語從句（不引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓從）,whether引導(dǎo)所有名詞性從句；heesornotmakesnodifference.Thequestionishewille.Iaskedhershehadabike.2.if不和ornot直接連用，即一般不說ifornot,但可以說if...ornot。whether沒有此限制。Idon’tknowornothees.3.if不和不定式todo連用Idon’tknowtogo.Iaskedhershehadabike.wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.We’reworriedaboutheissafe.Thequestionishehasfinishedthetask.特殊疑問句作名詞性從句1.變倒裝語序為語序；Whydiddinosaursbeeextinct?Itisstillamystery2.特殊疑問詞作，無需調(diào)整語序Whowillchairthemeeting?Ithasnotyetbeendecided.主語從句句型Itisnecessary/important/obvious/...that…Itisbelievedthat…人們相信…Itisknowntousallthat….眾所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已經(jīng)決定……Itismonknowledgethat……是常識Itisasurprisethat….令人驚奇的是…Itisafactthat……事實是……Itappearsthat…似乎…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itturnsoutthat……結(jié)果證明是…Itdawnedupon/onsb.that...Itoccurredtosb.that...Ithit/strucksb.that...主語從句的主謂一致Whenthemeetingwillbegin(have)notbeendecidedyet.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo(be)stillunknown.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin(have)notbeendecidedyet.單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，謂語動詞用形式。賓語從句句型1.在及物動詞后作賓語I‘velearnedthatlove,nottime,healsallwouds.2.在雙賓動詞后作直接賓語IassureyouthatIhadnointentionofoffendingyou.3.在雙賓動詞后作間接賓語Theygavewhocametothemeetingapamphlet.4.在后作賓語Ifindthebestwaytoconcentrateistomakenotesonwhattheteachersaresaying.5.在某些后作賓語這類形容詞常見的有sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等。Iamsureyoulookedbeautifulthatevening.Wewerenotsurprisedthathereturnedthreedayslaterthanexpected.6.賓語從句后置Webelieveittruethatthehumanbodyisalsoakindofgoodconductor.that在賓語從句中的省略問題賓語從句中的that起引導(dǎo)作用，在句中不做任何成分，沒有實際意義，通?？梢詫⑵涫÷?。但是在以下情況中，that不能省略：1、and連接兩個賓語從句，that賓語從句放在and的后面時，that不能省略。例：EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened2、that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作賓語時，that不能省略。例：Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth3、that從句位于時，that不可省略。例：ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydon’tbelieve4、主句謂語動詞與that從句之間有，that不可省略。例：Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldadmithim.賓語從句中的時態(tài)單句改錯：1.Hesaidthathewillgotothestation.2.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlighttravelledfasterthansound.3.TomthinksthatMaryisthebestintheirclassatpresentandthatshedeservedtobeawarded.主句的動詞用過去時:1.從句謂語動詞用某種時態(tài)2.從句表示客觀事實，格言，諺語等，從句謂語動詞用主句的動詞用現(xiàn)在時:從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用時態(tài),不受限制。同位語從句句型1.名詞+that+陳述句Ihavebeenleftwiththeknowledgethatit’sbettertoexpectnothingthantogiveeverythingandthenbedisappointed.2.名詞++that+陳述句Thestatementbythedriverofthevehiclethathedidnotseethelorrywasrejectedbythecourt.3.做主語的名詞++that+陳述句Evidencecameupthatspecificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.為什么同位語從句多由that引導(dǎo)？因為我們多使用來說明名詞的內(nèi)容。連詞與動詞的配比原則N個謂語，對應(yīng)有個連詞以及個對應(yīng)的從句多出的一個謂語就是的謂語動詞。試著拆分下列句子，找出從句，理解句意IrealizedthatwhatIsaidwasnotexactlywhatImeanttosay.Thequestionishowwhatyouhavelearnedcanbeputintopractice.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearchessuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Nooneisintheleastinterestinthemarksalittlechildgetsonhistest;whatweareinterestediniswhetherwecanconcludefromhismarkonthetestthatthechildwilldobetterorworsethanotherchildrenofhisageattaskswhichwethinkrequire“generalintelligence”.that還是what?1.hewantsisabook.hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.

5.Ishetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_hewille.

8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.hasmadeChinaitisnow?that ：意義，在名詞性從句中任何成分,且在賓語從句中有時可被省略。what：意義，“什么；所…的東西/事情/話”。在從句中作練習(xí)：用名詞性從句連接下列句子:1.a.Manypeopleintheareaareshortofmoney.b.Thisisaquestion.______________________________________________________________________________a.Themanagersaidalotatthemeeting.b.Hiswordswereveryattractive._______________________________________________________________________________a.Hehassucceededinpassingtheexamination.b.Itisgoodnews._______________________________________________________________________________4．a(chǎn).Weshouldnotoveruseoureyesanddomoreoutdoorexercises.b.Hesuggestedit._______________________________________________________________________________5．a(chǎn).Ourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionship.b.Thenewswasit.c.Thenewsencouragedusallgreatly._______________________________________________________________________________6．a(chǎn).Shelostherwayandherhomewasnearby.b．Thegirltoldittous._______________________________________________________________________________語篇填空：Everyoneknew1Andywasafamouswriter，butnooneknew2shecamefromand3shewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.4theydidknowwas5shewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelped6wasinneedofmoney.Andywasgenerousandhelpful，butsomepeoplethoughtshewaschasingfame.Andysaidshedidn’tunderstand7theyweresonarrowminded，butitdidn’tmatter8otherswouldthoughtofher.Shejustwantedtodo9shethoughtwasright.Ithinkthatis10themeaningoflifelies.結(jié)合括號中的提示,用名詞性從句完成下面的文章。Dearfriends,Goodmorning!Iamgladtoexpressmyopiniononourmonitor’ssuggestion(1)________________________________________________________(每天抽出15分鐘的