詞義猜測(cè)學(xué)案

ComprehensionofWordsinContextQuestionForms:1.Theword“…”refersto/means/couldbestbereplacedby_________.2.Theunderlinedword/sentencemeans_________.3.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“…”.Approachintroduction辦法介紹辦法一：Usingwordformation（構(gòu)詞法）AsyouarereceivingmynotebyE-mail,it'swisetorememberhoweasilythiswonderfultechnologycanbemisused,sometimesunintentionally,withseriousconsequences.BullfightisverypopularinSpain.?

Tips:我們能夠根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法中的___________,__________及轉(zhuǎn)化詞來(lái)猜想詞義。Exercise:In,afterthefallofTaliban(塔利班)，whichhadoutlawedTV,1in5Afghanshadone.(10福建)Theunderlinedwordprobablymeans______.A.allowedB.bannedC.offeredD.refused辦法二：Usingcontextclues（運(yùn)用上下文線索）技巧1：__________________________________1.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltopeople'shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.2.Atthebeginningtheydidnothaveenoughcapitaltostartabusiness,norweretheyabletoborrowtheamountofmoneytheyneededfromthebank.Exercise:Theauthorofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.()(陜西)A.relativelyhighB.extremelylowC.relativelylowD.extremelyhigh技巧2：___________________________________1.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．2.Ratherthanlikingthemovie,asIexpectedthemto,allmyfriendsabhorredit.3.Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.Tips:常見(jiàn)的信號(hào)詞：_______________________________________________________________________和分號(hào)。Exercise:Somepeoplemayfindithardtocontroltheireating,sotheystickwithanextremedietforalittlewhile,buttheneattonsoffood.(海口調(diào)研)A.afat-freedietB.aspecialdietC.eatingtoomuchD.eatingtolittle技巧3：限定、解釋闡明關(guān)系1）Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.Tips:運(yùn)用________，常見(jiàn)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：be,mean,dealwith,beconsidered,tobe,becalled,define,represent,referto,2）1.Capacitance,ortheabilitytostoreelectriccharge,isoneofthemostcommoncharacteristicsofelectroniccircuits.2.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today．Tips：運(yùn)用_____常見(jiàn)的信號(hào)詞：thatis;that’stosay;or;namely;inotherwords;toputitanotherway;3）Generally,weliketoreadperiodicals,suchasTimeMagazine,Newsweek,Reader'sDigest,etc.Tips：運(yùn)用_______，常見(jiàn)的信號(hào)詞：______________________________________________________4).Hetakesaspecialinterestinbotanywhichconcernsthestudyofplants.Tips：運(yùn)用_________常見(jiàn)的信號(hào)詞：_______________________________________________Exercise:…Andforchocolatesnobs,whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers,…(新課標(biāo)II)Theunderlinedwordsrefertopeoplewho______.A.areparticularaboutchocolateB.knowlittleaboutcocoabeansC.lookdownuponothersD.liketotrynewflavorsIleftuniversitywithagooddegreeinEnglishLiterature,butnosenseofwhatIwanttodo.Overthenextsixyears,Iwastreadingwater,justtryingtoearnanincome.Itriedjournalism,butIdidn’tthinkIwasanygood,thenfinance,whichIhated.Finally,Igotajobasarightsassistantatafamouspublisher.Ilovedworkingwithbooks,althoughthejobthatIdidwasdull.49.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1mean? A.Iwaswaitingforgoodfortune. B.Iwastryingtofindanadmiringjob. C.Iwasbeingaimlessaboutasuitablejob. D.Iwasdoingseveraljobsformorepayatatime技巧4：因果關(guān)系1.Marydidn'tnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshewascompletelyengrossedinhisreading.“使全神貫注”?“吸引”的意思?

2.Thereweresomanydemonstrators(示威者)intheRedSquarethathehadtoelbowhiswaythroughthecrowd.“擠”?“擠過(guò)”?

Tips：運(yùn)用因果關(guān)系常見(jiàn)的表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的詞有________________________________________________

Exercise:Sinceyouaremysuperior（上級(jí)）,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.（上海卷）A．fullofrespect B．tooconfidentandrudeC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquiet辦法三：經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)1..Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.2.Peoplewhorefusetocomplywiththelawwillbepunished.Exercise:Theproblemisthatifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,ourengagementwiththepersonwilldecline(削弱)untileventuallyitdiesinto“someoneIonceknew”(福建)A.appointmentB.connectionC.interviewD.agreementSummary小結(jié)構(gòu)詞法同義詞、近義詞的對(duì)等關(guān)系對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系限定、解釋闡明關(guān)系因果關(guān)系經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)Passage1……Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatover-consumptioninthegreatestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidn’tneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace……(10山東)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasereferto____UsingtoomuchpackingB.RecyclingtoomanywastesC.MakingmoreproductsthannecessaryD.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded…Passage2EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.AteamfromtheMuseumofNationalScienceinHouston,Texas,spentfouryearsdiscussingwiththeEthiopiansfortheU.S.tour,whichwillstartinHoustonnextSeptember.（全國(guó)大綱II）54.Whatdoesthewords“areplica”inParagraph2referto? Apaintingoftheskeleton. B.AphotographofLucy C.Acopyoftheskeleton. D.AwrittenrecordofLucyPassage3：Wealsoknowthebugasaflawinacomputerprogramorotherdesign.ThatmeaningdatesbacktothetimeofThomasEdison.In1878heexplainedbugsas“l(fā)ittleproblemsanddifficulties”thatrequiredmonthsofstudyandlabortoovercomeindevelopingasuccessfulproduct.In1889itwasrecordedthatEdison“hadbeenupthetwopreviousnightsdiscovering‘a(chǎn)bug’inhisinventedrecordplayer.”(遼寧)69.Whatdoestheword“flaw”inthelastparagraphprobablymean? A.Explanation. B.Finding. C.Origin. D.Fault.Passage4：Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.Towaterhisflowers,heusedtwobuckets.Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasveryoldanddilapidatedone,whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.(重慶)56.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?CA.DirtyB.DarkC.Worn–outD.Plain-lookingPassage5：…Mysoncouldnotfollowtheteacher’sdirections,hetoldme,andthus,Scolawasdisruptingtheclass.Didn’theknowmysondidnotspeakEnglishyet?…(陜西)58．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.BreakingB.FollowingC.AttendingD.DisturbingPassage6Proudlyreadingmywords,Iglancedaroundtheroom,onlytofindmyclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes…Weekslater,standingbeforethisunfriendlymass,Iwastotallylost.Ohwell,Iloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear,“MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,themanwhostartedtheAmer