八年級下冊Units1、2創(chuàng)新

八年級下冊Units

1、2Robots—friends

of

humansToday

robots

come

in

all

shapesand

sizes.

UAS,

a

London

company,has

already

developed

a

kind

of

robot.It

can

be

used

as

a

“home

help”

for

oldpeople.

It

can

also

do

such

things

as

cooking

eggs

and

cleathe

floor.

The

company

says

that

the

robot

will

accept

simvoice

instructions

and

that

it

will

be

controlled

by

a

latmicrocomputer.

Mr.

Henry,

the

leader

of

UAS,

believes

thahis

company

will

develop

clever

robots

to

be

used

in

indusThen

they

will

begin

to

sell

the

robots

into

ordinary

homeRobots

can

do

much

housework,

such

as

doing

the

dishes,cleaning

the

house

and

cooking

meals.

By

the

way,

the

pricthe

robot

may

be

as

much

as

$1,

000.But

Dr.

Sandra

believes

that

it

won’t

be

so

easy

todevelop

truly

intelligent

robots.

She

says,

“It

can

cookBut

something

unusual

needs

a

man

to

do.

A

robot

can’t

makit.

”【日積月累】單詞:①industry②intelligentn.工業(yè);產(chǎn)業(yè)adj.智能的;聰明的;理解力強的演練:根據(jù)漢語完成下列句子①它也能做像炒雞蛋、擦地板這樣的事情。It

can

also

do

things

cooking

eggs

and

cleanthe

floor.②但是桑德拉博士認為研發(fā)真正的智能機器人并不如此容易。But

Dr.

Sandra

believes

that

won’t

be

so

easy

truly

intelligent

robots.答案:

①such;

as

②it;

to

developⅠ.核心速記

1.p_r_o_b_a_b_l_y_

2.interview(adv.)大概;或許(n.)面試;面談(n.)人;人類(prep.)除;把……除外(v.)歸還;送回3.

human

4.e_x_c_e_p_t_

5.r_e_t_u_r_n_Ⅱ.聯(lián)想串記(n.)污染1.

pollute(vp.o)l→lution2.build(v.b)u→ilding

(n.)建筑物;樓房(反義詞)使人不愉快的3.

pleasant(adj.un)p→leasant→p_l_e_a_s_u_r_e_(n.)高興4.science(ns.c)i→entist

(n.)科學(xué)家→sc_i_e_n_t_i_f_i_c(adj.)科學(xué)的(反義詞)不可能的5.

possible(adji.m)p→ossible→p_o_s_s_i_b_l_y(adv.)可能地fail(v.fa)i→lure

(n.)失敗free(adj.f)r→eedom

(n.)自由Ⅲ.語境妙記我不喜歡聽隔壁房間傳出來的奇怪的聲音。聽起來太可怕了。(sound)I

don’t

like

to

listen

to

the

storuandge

from

the

nextIts_o_u_n_d_s_

terrible.每個人都適應(yīng)了這里的訓(xùn)練,因為他們想保持身體健康。

(fit)Everyonefi_i_t_t_s_s_

in

with

the

training

here,

because

they

wantkeepf_i_t.愛上(某人或某物)有能力做某事;會做某事(希望等)實現(xiàn);達到未來;將來不讓……進入就某事與某人爭論in

love

withbaeble

tocomterue

in

thfeuture

keepoutarguweith

sab.out

sth.fall)with7.相處(得好);進展(順利)goent

(wellhundreds

ofcall

sb.

up大量;許多

打電話給……10.

the

same

as與……同樣的11.

as.

.

.

as

possible盡可能……1.將會有更多的人。more

people.There

will

be怎么了?What’s

wrong/t_he

matter

?——我該怎么辦?——你可以給他寫一封信?！?/p>

What

should

I

do?—_Y_o_u_c_o_u_l_d_

write

him

a

letter.我很煩,不知道該做什么。I’m

very

upset

and

don’t

knwohwat

to

do

.這些孩子們長大后可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)獨立思考很難(做到)。These

children

mayfyind

it

hard

tothink

for

themselveswhen

they

are

older.一般將來時情態(tài)動詞should與could的用法1.I’ll

be

able

to

dress

more

casually.我將可以穿得更隨意一些。be

able

to有能力做某事;會做某事【自主探究】我希望你們都能通過這次期末考試。I

hope

all

of

you

passthe

final

exam.答案:will

be

able

to【考點歸納】be

able

to與can的辨析be

able

to可以用于各種時態(tài),有人稱和數(shù)的變化;還可以用于情態(tài)動詞之后。can只有現(xiàn)在時和過去時;沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化;除表示能力外,還可以表示請求、許可或猜測?！菊骖}鏈接】(2013·白銀中考)Finish

your

homework

first,then

you’llwatch

TV

for

an

hour.A.

can B.

be

able

to C.

able

to D.

could2.I

don’t

want

to

surprise

him.我不想使他感到驚奇。surprise

v.使驚奇;使意外【自主探究】①It

(使驚訝)us

to

see

that

Linda

got

up

so

early

tmorning.②聽到這個消息他很驚訝。He

felt

very

to

hear

the

news.答案:

①surprised

②surprised【考點歸納】surprise的三考點(1)作動詞,意為“使驚奇;使意外”,其后常接人作賓語。

(2)作名詞,意為“吃驚;驚奇;驚訝”,常用詞組:in

surpris地;to

one’s

surprise使某人感到震驚的是/令某人吃驚的是(3)surprise的形容詞有兩種形式,分別為surprising和surpr其用法辨析如下:①surprised意為“感到驚奇的”,在句中多作表語,常用來修

be

surprised

at

sth.對……感到意外。②surprising意為“令人驚奇的”,在句中作定語或表語,且常來修飾說明物。【辨異】Surprising

news

always

surprises

us.That

is

to

swe

are

always

surprised

at

surprising

news.令人吃驚的消息總是使我們吃驚。也就是說,我們對令人吃驚的消息總是感到吃驚。【真題鏈接】(2013·煙臺中考)What

news

it

is!

Nobody

iA.

a

surprising;

believes B.

surprising;

believesC.

a

surprised;

believe D.

surprised;

believe3.Everyone

else

in

my

class

was

invited

except

me.班里除我之外其他所有人都受到了邀請。except

prep.除;把……除外【自主探究】①除了湯姆,

我們都通過了這次考試。We

all

passed

the

exam

Tom.②除了足球你還喜歡哪些運動?What

other

sports

do

you

like

football?答案:

①except

②besides【考點歸納】except/besides/but用法辨析except“把……除外”,指排除在外,不包含后面的內(nèi)容,前面常用表示整體的詞besides“除……之外還有”,包含后面的內(nèi)容but可與except換用,但but常與no

one,nobody,nothing,all,everyone,everything等詞連用【圖解助記】except與besides怎么辨exceptbesides【真題鏈接】(2012·濟南中考)All

of

the

class

went

there

her.A.

expect B.

expert C.

except D.

excuse1.I

don’t

like

living

alone.我不喜歡單獨住。

alone

adv.單獨地;孤獨地【自主探究】①在這兒我沒有親近的朋友。我有時感到很孤獨。I

don’t

have

any

close

friends

here.

I

feel

very

ftime

to

time.②雖然她獨自一人在家,但她不感到寂寞。Although

she

is

at

home,

she

doesn’t

feel

答案:

①lonely

②alone;

lonely【考點歸納】alone/lonely辨析alone可作形容詞和副詞,意為“單獨的(地);孤獨的

(地)”,不帶有感情色彩,在句中作表語或狀語,相當(dāng)于by

oneselflonely作形容詞,意為“孤獨的;寂寞的”,可作定語或表語,常帶有感情色彩【真題鏈接】(2012·安順中考)His

grandparents

live

in

a

smallhouse,

but

they

don’t

feel

.A.

lonely;

aloneC.

lonely;

lonelyB.

alone;

lonelyD.

alone;

alone2.There

are

already

robots

working

in

factories.工廠里已經(jīng)有機器人(正)在工作了。There

be

sb./sth.doing

sth.有某人或某物正在做某事【自主探究】①—What

is

happening?—There

must

be

somebody

(to

dance/dancing)in

thenext

room.②—Are

you

free

today,

mum?—No,

there

are

many

clothes

(to

wash/wash)today.答案:

①dancing ②to

wash【考點歸納】There

be+sb./sth.+doing

sth.有某人/某物正在做某事如:There

is

a

little

girl

crying

in

the

corner.在拐角處有個小女孩在哭。There

be+sth.+to

do有某事要去做。例如:

There

is

nothing

to

do

today.今天無事可做。There

be+sth.+done有某事要被做。例如:There’s

a

very

famous

museum

called

Museum

of

Flight.有著名的博物館叫航空博物館。【真題鏈接】(2012·東營中考)There

a

football

match

and

a

concthis

weekend.

Which

one

would

you

like

to

go?A.

is B.

are C.

will

be D.

will

have3.

That

may

not

seem

possible

now,

but

computers,

spacerockets

and

even

electric

toothbrushes

seemed

impossiblehundred

years

ago.現(xiàn)在看起來那似乎是不可能的,但在一百年前,電腦、太空火箭甚至電動牙刷似乎也是不可能的。seem

v.像是;似乎【自主探究】①他看起來很高興。He

seems

very

.

=He

seems

very

happy.②These

days,

the

weather

seems

(change)

every

daOne

day

is

hot.

The

next

day

is

cold.③She

seems

to

like

the

book.

(改為同義句)It

that

she

the

book.答案:

①happy;

to

be ②to

change

③seems;

likes【考點歸納】seem的兩種用法(1)seem+(to

be)+形容詞/名詞,意為“似乎是……,好像是…例如:Everything

seems

easy.一切似乎很容易。(2)...seem

to

do

sth.=It

seems+(that)從句,意為“看起來二者可進行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:I

seem

to

have

caught

a

cold.我好像是感冒了?！菊骖}鏈接】(2012·無錫中考)這則消息似乎比我們原先預(yù)想的傳播得更快The

news

than

we

had

expected.答案：seemed

to

spread

faster/more

quickly4.We

get

on

well.我們相處得好。

get

on相處;進展【自主探究】①We

also

learn

how

to

get

along

well

with

others

at

school出可以替換畫線部分的詞)A.

to B.

on C.

down D.

up②I’m

getting

on

well

with

my

new

classmates.(對畫線部分

you

getting

on

with

your

new

classmates?答案:②How

are【考點歸納】【想一想】get

on還有什么意思呢?【參考答案】get

on還可表示“上車”,其反義短語是get

off,意為“下車”?！菊骖}鏈接】(2012·北京中考)杰克會和同學(xué)們相處得很好。Jack

will

his

classmates.答案：get

along/on

well

with5.He

doesn’t

have

any

money,either.他也沒錢。

either

adv.同樣地(不……);也(不……);adj.&pron.任一(的);(兩方中的)每一方(的)【自主探究】選詞填空all,

both,

either,

neither①

Paris

and

London

are

big

cities.②—When

shall

we

go

to

the

museum,

this

afternoon

ortomorrow

morning?—

is

OK.

I’m

free

these

days.答案:

①Both

②Either③My

mother

has

been

to

Beijing,

too.

(改為否定句)My

mother

been

to

Beijing,

.④兩個答案都不對。

answer

is

right.答案:

③hasn’t;

either

④Neither【考點歸納】(1)either的不同詞性及用法(2)both/either/neither的用法辨析相同點both,either和neither都是用于二者的,均可用作代詞、形容詞不同點both意為“兩者都……”,作主語時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式either意為“兩者中的任何一個”,作主語時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)neither表示“兩者都不……”,其后面的謂語多為單數(shù)形式【真題鏈接】(2013·寧波中考)—Would

you

like

some

juice

or

coffee?—

is

OK.

I

really

don’t

care.A.

Both B.

Either C.

All D.

Neither6.I’m

very

upset

and

don’t

know

what

to

do.我很煩,不知道該做什么。“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”的用法【自主探究】①He

didn’t

know

what

he

should

do

at

that

time.

(改為簡單He

didn’t

know

at

that

time.②—I

often

chat

with

my

friends

on

the

Internet.—You

are

so

smart!

Will

you

please

tell

me

(how/what)

to

do

it?答案:

①what

to

do

②how【考點歸納】“特殊疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法(1)疑問代詞who,what,which等和疑問副詞when,where,how等后面跟不定式,構(gòu)成不定式短語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常用在某些動詞后作賓語,類似的動詞(詞組)有:tell,show,know,learn,teach,find

out,forget,wonder,remember等。例如:①I’ll

show

you

how

to

do

it.我要讓你看看如何做這件事。②You’d

better

find

out

where

to

put

it.你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。(2)“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以把復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為單句。例如:I

don’t

know

what

I’ll

do

next.=

I

don’t

know

what

to

do

next.【點睛】英語中,疑問詞why后不能接不定式,但是why(not)后可接不帶to的不定式(動詞原形)?！菊骖}鏈接】(2013·雅安中考)Students

should

learn

how

probleA.

solveC.

can

solveB.

solvingD.

to

solveⅠ.根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成單詞It

is

(不可能的)for

us

to

finish

the

work

in

sucshort

time.The

students

should

be

always

strict

with

(他們己).I

think

I

did

quite

well

in

the

(面試).

答案:

1.

impossible 2.

themselves 3.

interviewTo

our

great

(驚訝),Tom

failed

to

pass

thegraduation

exam.The

children

need

more

(自由)to

do

the

things

ththey

like.答案:4.surprise5.

freedomⅡ.完成句子1.我第一次看到這幅畫就喜歡上了它。I

with

the

picture

the

first

time

I

sa明天早上你能八點之前到校嗎?

you

get

to

school

before

8:

00tomorrow

morning?瑪麗心煩意亂,不知道該做什么。Mary

is

very

upset

and

doesn’t

know

.答案:

1.

fell

in

love 2.

Will;

be

able

to 3.

what

to

do她奶奶希望自己能活到100歲。Her

grandma

hopes

she

can

100

yearsold.在英語課堂上,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能多說英語。In

the

English

class,

we

should

speak

English

.

答案:4.live

to

be5.

as

much

as

possibleⅢ.單項選擇1.

—Do

you

think

a

concert

in

our

school

hall

thisweekend?—Yes,

there

will.A.

there

will

haveC.

will

there

beB.

there

will

beD.

will

there

have【解析】選B。考查固定句型。there

be結(jié)構(gòu)的將來時有兩種形式,分別是there

will

be和there

is/are

going

to

be。故選2.

—I’m

sorry

I

can’t

find

the

library

book.—I’m

afraid

you

have

to

it.A.

send

for B.

call

for C.

pay

for D.

wait

for【解析】選C?？疾槎陶Z辨析。四個選項都含有for,分別意為

“派人去請”“需要;要求”“為……付款”“等待”。結(jié)合上文“I’m

sorry

I

can’t

find

the

library

book.”可知答意為“我擔(dān)心你不得不為它賠款”,故選C。3.

It’s

so

crowded

in

Ginza

on

weekends.

There

are

always

people

in

it.A.

hundredC.

hundred

ofB.

hundredsD.

hundreds

of【解析】選D?？疾閿?shù)詞的用法。當(dāng)表示確切數(shù)字時,“具體的數(shù)字+hundred”表示“幾百”;當(dāng)表示概數(shù)時,用

“hundreds+of”表示。故選D。4.

—The

Internet

says

the

weather

will

be

rainy

tomorrow.—Really?

That

will

make

the

work

more

difficult.A.

too

B.

very

C.

many

D.

even【解析】選D?？疾楣潭ù钆?。答語中“more

difficult”是形容詞的比較級,應(yīng)用even來修飾;too/very只能修飾形容詞、副詞原級。故選D。5.

The

music

made

me

think

of

the

of

the

runningwater.A.

shout B.

noise C.

voice D.

sound【解析】選D?？疾槊~詞義辨析。voice一般指人的說話聲;

noise噪音,喧鬧聲;sound用法最廣泛,可指人或動物發(fā)出的聲音或物體碰撞的聲音;shout喊叫聲。句意“這種音樂讓我想

起了水的流動聲”,故選D。1.

(2013·雅安中考)It

is

important

people

leateam

spirit.A.

of;

of B.

of;

to C.

for;

to D.

to;

to【解析】選C?？疾楣潭ň涫胶徒樵~的用法。It’s+形容詞+of/for

sb.to

do

sth.意為“對某人來說干某事是……的”,固定句式,其中it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式句中的形容詞important不是用來說明人的,應(yīng)用介詞for,所以選C。2.

(2013·杭州中考)There

has

never

been

such

a

beautifulvillage

in

the

world.A.

anywhereC.

somewhereB.

everywhereD.

nowhere【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~的用法。句意:世界上從來沒有任何地方有如此美麗的村莊。anywhere“任何地方”;

everywhere“任何地方”;somewhere“某地”;nowhere“沒有地方”,故選A。3.

(2013·麗水中考)—Hey,

man.

You

can’t

cross

the

streeYou

have

to

wait

the

traffic

lights

turn

green.—Oh,

sorry

and

thank

you.A.

when B.

after C.

until D.

while【解析】選C?？疾檫B詞辨析。句意“你必須等到綠燈亮……”until意為“直到”,符合句意。4.

(2012·呼和浩特中考)To

live

a

green

life,

we

should

trysave

energy

and

produce

pollution.A.

more;

lessC.

more;

fewerB.

less;

moreD.

most;

least【解析】選A。句意:為了過綠色生活,我們應(yīng)該努力節(jié)約更

多的能源,減少污染。less修飾不可數(shù)名詞,fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞;pollution是不可數(shù)名詞。故選A項。5.(2012·安徽中考)—We

have

red

and

yellow

T-shirts.Whicolor

do

you

like?—I’m

afraid

.

I

think

blue

will

be

OK.A.

both B.

either C.

neither D.

none【解析】選C。either“兩者中的任何一個”;neither“兩者都不”;both“兩者都”;none表示三者或三者以上的否定,根據(jù)答語后句句意“我認為藍色可以”,故選C。6.

(2012·烏魯木齊中考)She

was

angry

shewalked

out

and

closed

the

door

heavily.A.

so;

that

B.

too;

and

C.

very;

that

D.

such;

tha【解析】選A?？疾闋钫Z從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。such...that..

so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,such后接名詞,so后接形或副詞。too...to...,too后接形容詞或副詞,to后接動詞