適用于老高考舊教材廣西專版2023屆高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一部分語篇型語法填空和短文改錯專題九名詞性從句課件

第一部分專題九名詞性從句英語內(nèi)容索引基礎(chǔ)自診?夯基固本高頻考點(diǎn)?探究突破新題演練?能力遷移基礎(chǔ)自診?夯基固本詞匯復(fù)習(xí)9(根據(jù)漢語提示填入以e開頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,然后背誦情景,熟記以e開頭的課標(biāo)高頻詞匯。)【情景】1.________________(專家)andeducatorsineveryfieldtakegreateffortswithfullenergytoexplore,examine,evaluate,makeexperimentsandcollectevidencewithaslittleexpenseaspossible.Someemployees

2.____________(暴露)totheburningsunareespecially

enthusiastic.Theirextraand3.______________(優(yōu)秀的)workmovesengineers

extremely,andtheir4.______________(經(jīng)驗(yàn))isvaluable.Meanwhile,editorsareeagertopublishtheiressaystoreportalleventsto5._______________(表達(dá))bothleaders’andpeople’ssatisfaction.

Expertsexposedexcellentexperience

express譯文

各個領(lǐng)域的專家和教育工作者精力充沛,努力以最少的費(fèi)用去探索、檢測、評估、做實(shí)驗(yàn)以及搜集證據(jù)。有些暴露在驕陽下的雇工,尤其熱情。他們以超額的、優(yōu)秀的工作極大地感動了工程師們,并且他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)也很寶貴。同時,編輯人員熱切地發(fā)表文章來報道各種事件以表達(dá)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與民眾的滿意。名從共分四大類,主、賓、表語和同位;句法成分拿得準(zhǔn),表達(dá)造句盡唯美。1.(2021·天津3月卷改編)WhatpuzzlesLily’sfriendsis________________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.

why解析:考查連接詞。句意:令Lily的朋友們感到困擾的是,她為什么總是有這么多瘋狂的想法。分析句子,該空需要一個表語從句的連接詞,結(jié)合句意,應(yīng)該是朋友們不明白Lily

為什么有這么多瘋狂的想法。所以本句為why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。故填why。2.(2020·天津卷改編)Thestudentscompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue________________professorJosephhadsaid.

what解析:考查名詞性從句。句意:為了讓約瑟夫教授所說的話成為現(xiàn)實(shí),學(xué)生們完成了這個實(shí)驗(yàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,make后要接賓語從句,what在此處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,且在從句中做had

said的賓語。3.(2020·浙江卷)Overhundredsofyears,theybegantodependlesson_____________couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild.

what解析:考查賓語從句的連接詞。由空前on可知賓語從句缺少連接詞;由空后could

be

hunted可知此處缺少主語,因此需用what。故填what。4.(2019·江蘇卷改編)Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence________________plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.

that解析:考查同位語從句。句意:科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)獲得了更多的證據(jù),表明塑料正在進(jìn)入人體。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,后面的句子解釋說明evidence的內(nèi)容,所以是同位語從句,連接詞在從句中不做成分,所以填that。5.(2018·北京卷改編)Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe_____________wearenow.

where解析:考查表語從句。句意:沒有他的支持,我們就不會走到今天?！?/p>

we

are

now”是表語從句,結(jié)合句子的意思可知,該處指“我們所處的位置”,所以從句要用where引導(dǎo)。

6.(2018·天津卷改編)Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto________________winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.

whoever解析:考查賓語從句。句意:無論誰獲得自行車比賽第一名,都會被授予金牌。分析句子可知,賓語從句中缺少主語,表示“任何人,無論誰”,故用whoever。

高頻考點(diǎn)?探究突破一、基本情況

從句引導(dǎo)詞是否可以省略位置特別說明主語從句連詞:that,whether/if連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what,which;whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,whosever連接副詞:when,where,why,how全不省略句首或句末①that只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用,沒有實(shí)際意義,也不做句子成分②從句語序均為陳述語序賓語從句僅that可以省略①句中以it做形式賓語或從句用虛擬語氣時不省略②一個動詞后面緊跟兩個及以上的賓語從句時,最后一個引導(dǎo)詞that不省略及物動詞和介詞之后表語從句全不省略系動詞之后同位語從句全不省略名詞之后二、主語從句that引導(dǎo)的從句做主語時,多數(shù)情況下由it做形式主語,而把該從句放在后面,尤其是謂語部分(包括賓語)較短的情況下;有時根據(jù)需要也會將主語從句置于句首(此時句首要以that開頭)。常見的以it做形式主語的主語從句句型有四種:Itwasn’tveryclearwhatshemeant.她是什么意思不太清楚。Itisimportantthatheshouldcomeontime.他按時來是很重要的。Itistruethatthemanontheleftisawell-knownwriterhere.左邊那個人是本地的一位著名作家,這是真的。Thathegaveupthechancetogotocollegemadehisteachersveryconfused.他放棄了上大學(xué)的機(jī)會,這讓他的老師們感到非常困惑。Itisknowntousallthatsheisarichwoman.=Thatsheisarichwomanisknowntousall.眾所周知,她是一位富有的女士。It’snowonderthathe’smadesuchrapidprogress.難怪他取得了如此快的進(jìn)步。Whoeverjoinstheclubwillbewelcomed.任何參加俱樂部的人都會受到歡迎。Whenandwherethepartywillbeheldremainsunknown.何時何地舉行派對還不知道。三、賓語從句1.在謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式、過去分詞、動詞的-ing形式之后都可以接賓語從句。某些形容詞如sure,happy,glad,certain,pleased等之后也可以接賓語從句。Isuddenlyrealizedthatmusichasbecomeanecessarypartofmylife.我突然意識到音樂已成為我生命中不可或缺的一部分。Weneedtothinkaboutwhatweshouldsaytothevisitors.我們需要想一想我們應(yīng)該對游客說些什么。Tofindoutwhodidthisisveryimportant.查明誰做的這件事非常重要。Hearingthathissonwasbadlywounded,hehurriedtothehospitaltoseehim.聽說兒子受了重傷,他急忙趕到醫(yī)院去看望他。Iamsurethattherealgreenlifeisnotfarfromus.我相信真正的綠色生活離我們不遠(yuǎn)了。2.如果從句做賓語而后面還有補(bǔ)語,為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡,用it做形式賓語,而將賓語從句放在句尾。常跟這樣的復(fù)合賓語的動詞或詞組有make,find,see,hear,feel,think,consider,regard,take...forgranted等。Georgemadeitclearthatheopposedthisproject.喬治明確表示他反對這個項(xiàng)目。(it代替that引導(dǎo)的從句,做賓語,clear是賓語補(bǔ)足語。)Wethinkitnecessarythattheoryshouldbecombinedwithpractice.我們認(rèn)為理論與實(shí)際相結(jié)合是必要的。Itookitforgrantedthatyou’dstaywithus.我想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為你會和我們待在一起。3.某些表示心理動作的動詞(enjoy/hate/love/like/dislike/appreciate/prefer)后接賓語從句時,先加it然后再接when/if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.我討厭人們滿嘴食物講話的情形。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmethistime.如果這次你能幫我,我對此將感激不盡。4.介詞后that賓語從句前往往添加it。seeto/lookto/insiston/stickto/dependon/answerfor...+it+that-從句Heinsistedonitthatallthemoneyshouldbeusedatapropertime.他主張所有這些錢都要花得切合時宜。Youcandependonitthathewillcompletethetaskontime.你可以信賴他會按時完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的。YoumustseetoitthatalltheworkshouldbefinishedbyFriday.你必須確保所有工作在周五之前完成。5.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時的時候,從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其附加疑問句一般與賓語從句一致。Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.我認(rèn)為他不會來我的派對。Idon’tbelievethatshecansingthesonginEnglish,canshe?我認(rèn)為她不會用英文唱這首歌,對嗎?注意

如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其附加疑問句要用肯定形式。四、表語從句1.表語從句位于主句的連系動詞之后,引導(dǎo)詞that通常不可以省略。That’swhyIhavecome.那就是我來的原因。Oneadvantageofsolarenergyisthatitwillneverrunout.太陽能的一個優(yōu)點(diǎn)是永遠(yuǎn)也不會枯竭。Theproblemiswhoistopayandwhenwecanstart.問題是誰來付賬、我們又從何時開始。Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishourworkintime.問題是我們是否能按時完成我們的工作。(不用if)Thefactisthathedidn’tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.事實(shí)是他注意到車時已經(jīng)太晚了。WhatIwanttoknowiswhereweshallgoandwhethershewilljoinus.我想知道的是我們要去什么地方以及她是否加入我們。2.表語從句還可由asif(好像)引導(dǎo)。Itlookedasifitwas/weregoingtorain.(虛擬語氣)看起來好像要下雨。Itseemsasifhehasknowneverythingaboutit.好像他對這件事了解得一清二楚。五、同位語從句同位語從句是對抽象名詞的內(nèi)容給予具體、詳細(xì)的說明。常在后面接同位語從句的名詞有fact,news,idea,truth,hope,suggestion,question,problem,doubt,fear,belief等。同位語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞為that,有時也用when,where,whether等詞。Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.你認(rèn)為不動腦筋就能做好這份工作的想法是完全錯誤的。Peopleusedtoholdthebeliefthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.人們曾認(rèn)為地球是宇宙的中心。Thedifficultyliesinthefactthatweareshortofmoney.困難在于我們?nèi)狈Y金這個事實(shí)。ThereisnodoubtthatIcanfinishthetaskwithintwohours.毫無疑問,我能在兩個小時內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。六、關(guān)于名詞性從句值得注意的幾點(diǎn)1.whether與if均為“是否”的意思,且均可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,但在下列情況下,只可用whether①引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時。Whetherhecancometothepartyontimedependsonthetraffic.他是否能按時參加聚會取決于交通情況。②引導(dǎo)表語從句時。Thequestioniswhetherwecangetintouchwithher.問題是我們是否能和她取得聯(lián)系。③引導(dǎo)同位語從句時。Wehaveadoubtwhetheritistrue.我們懷疑那是不是真的。④做介詞后的賓語從句時。IamthinkingaboutwhetherIshouldquitmypresentjob.我正在考慮是否辭掉現(xiàn)在的工作。⑤if與whether都可以與ornot連用,但后面緊跟ornot時只能用whether。Wedidn’tknowwhetherornotshewasready.我們不知道她是否準(zhǔn)備好了。(此時只能用whether)Iwonderwhether/ifthenewsistrueornot.我想知道消息是否是真的。(此時二者都可以用)⑥后面直接跟動詞不定式時。Idon’tknowwhethertotellthetruthtotheteacher.我不知道是否應(yīng)該將事實(shí)告訴老師。2.that和what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時的區(qū)別

引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)從句功能that主賓表同位在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,只起連接作用what主賓表同位除起連接作用外,還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分,可做從句中的主語、賓語或表語Everyoneisdifferentandthatiswhatmakesourworldsomuchbetter.每個人都是不一樣的,正因?yàn)槿绱?我們這個世界才更加美好。Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeisthatshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.她鐘愛城市生活的一個原因是她可以很方便地到商店和飯店這些地方去。Ihavenoideawhatthisphrasemeans.我不知道這個短語是什么意思。Idoubtthenewsthathe’sresignedfromthecompany.我懷疑他從公司辭職這一消息。3.that引導(dǎo)同位語從句和定語從句時的區(qū)別同位語從句中的that只是引導(dǎo)詞,沒有其他語法作用,在句子中不做句子

成分,不能省略;而定語從句中的that除了引導(dǎo)定語從句外,還是定語從句的一個成分,在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做主語時不能省略,做賓語時可以省略。Theideathatheproposedatthemeetingissheernonsense.他在會議上提出的這個想法完全是胡扯。(定語從句)Nooneishappywiththefactthathefoundout.沒有人對他發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)感到滿意。(定語從句)Nooneishappywiththefactthathewillbecometheirboss.沒有人對他將成為他們的老板這一事實(shí)感到滿意。(同位語從句)4.doubt之后的賓語從句和同位語從句①賓語從句(主句為肯定句時,賓語從句用whether引導(dǎo);主句為否定句時,賓語從句用that引導(dǎo))Idoubtwhetherhewilllistentousandstopplayingthenetgames.(不確定性)我懷疑他是否會聽我們的話而停止玩互聯(lián)網(wǎng)游戲。Idon’tdoubtthathewillmakeawonderfulperformanceonthestage.(確定性)我毫不懷疑他會在舞臺上有出色表現(xiàn)。②同位語從句(doubt處于肯定句中時,賓語從句用whether引導(dǎo);doubt處于否定句中時,賓語從句用that引導(dǎo))Thereisnodoubtthathewillbesatisfiedwithournewdesign.毫無疑問,他會對我們的新設(shè)計滿意的。Thereisstillsomedoubtwhetherpeoplewillacceptsuchanewfashion.對于人們是否會接受這個新潮流依然有些疑問。新題演練?能力遷移一、用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空1.(2020·北京房山二模)Shadowplays,theearliestof________________startedover2000yearsago,haveenjoyedalonghistoryinChinaandconsistofmanystyles.

2.AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis_____________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.

3.Ididn’tgooutbecauseofthefact________________itwasraining.

4._____________thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.

whichwhatthatWhen5.Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,“That’s_____________Iwasborn.”

6.(2020·北京朝陽高三二模)Kochconcludedsixspace-walksandshedidsomeexperimentsthatstudied________________peopleareabletoliveoutsidetheearth.

7.Itisdifficultforustoimagine_____________lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.

8._______________oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.

wherewhether/ifwhatWhichever9.Itremainstobeseen________________thenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.

10.Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief_____________youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.

11.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_____________sharesherinterests.

12.(2018·江蘇卷改編)Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis_____________wearrived.

whetherthatwhoeverhow二、單句改錯1.Itisnoneofyourbusinesshowotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeinyourself.2.(2022·廣西高三9月模擬考試)ThatIwasscaredinthepastistotalkwithothers.3.Thatinterestedtheboywasthemovablewheelsonthetoy.how→whatThat→What

That→What4.Weshouldshowourgreatthankstowhomeverhashelpedus.5.(2022·廣西桂林、崇左、賀州、河池、來賓高三聯(lián)合模擬考試)Iremembervividlywhatyouguidedandencouragedme.6.Itseemedtomethatshewasindoubtthatshewouldbeacceptedbyhernewclassmates.whomever→whoever

what→how第二個that→whether7.Thefacthownaturalresourcesarefacingseriousthreathasarousedtheattentionofallcountriesaroundtheworld.8.I’veputacrossonthemaptoshowwhereverthefamoushotelis.9.Thereasonwhyherefusedourofferwasbecausehedidn’twanttodependonanyoneelse.how→that

wherever→wherebecause→that

10.Youcantakeawaywhateverofthesebookonconditionthatyoureturnthemontime.whatever→whichever三、語篇填空Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.Thedoctorsdidnotholdoutmuchhopeofhereverrecovering1._____________thisillness.Theypredictedshe’dspendtherestofherlifeinawheelchair.ButAngela2.________________(firm)believedthatshewasdefinitelygoingtobewalkingagainsomeday.Thedoctors3._____________(charm)byherundefeatablespirit.Theytaughtheraboutimaging—aboutseeingherself4._____________(walk).Angelawouldworkashardaspossibleinphysicaltherapy(理療),5.________________(l