藥學(xué)專業(yè)外語(yǔ)丹參

丹參RadixSalviaeMiltiorrhizaeMainContentsOriginsPlantMorphologyCollectionandPreparationProductionandCommerceDescriptionMicroscopicalCharactersChemicalConstituentsPhysicalandChemicalIdentificationHighPerformanceLiquidChromatography2編輯pptPlantMorphology

Aperennialherb,denselypubescentandglandularhairythroughout.Rootcylindrical,vermillion.Stem4-angled,branchedattheupperpart.Leavesopposite,pinnatelycompound;leaflets5～7,ovateorelliptical-ovate,serratealongthemargin,pubescentonbothsurfaces.vermillion：朱紅色serrate：鋸齒狀的3編輯ppt

Flowersinterminaloraxillaryverticillatepseudo-racemes;calyxbell-shaped;corollabluish-purple.Theupperliperect,slightlyfalcate,retuseatapex,thelowershorter,3-lobed,themiddlelobelarger,2-cleft;stamens2,filamentsshort,connectiveslong,theupperendoftheconnectivebearingafertileanther-cell,thelowerendwithanimperfectone;ovarydeeply4-lobed,stylegynobasic.Nutlets4,ellipsoid.verticillate：輪生

angled：棱pseudo-：假的retuse:淺凹形falcate:鉤狀的filament:花絲style：花柱anther：花粉囊

gynobasic:著生于基部的4編輯pptDescription

Rootcylindricalorconical,usuallycurved,branched,10～30cmlong,0.3～1.5cmindiameter.Externallybrick-red,brownish-redorpurplish-brown,rough,longitudinallyfurrowedorwrinkled,thebarkofoldrootsmostlyscalingoff,sometimescrownedwithremainsofstembase.conical:圓錐形的

5編輯ppt

Texturehardandfragile,fracturefibrous,barkdarkreddish-browntopurplish-brown,woodshowingbundlesofvessels,yellowish-white,arrangedradially.Odour,slight;tasteslightlyastringent.fragile:脆的astringent:收斂性的6編輯pptTransversesection

Corkconsistingofseverallayersofcells,mostlycontainingorangeorpurplish-browncontents.Phellodermnarrow.Phloemrelativelybroad.Cambiumringdistinct.Xylembundlesradial,consistingofvessels,xylemfibresandxylemparenchyma.Xylemfibresoftenaccompaniedbyvessels.Stonecellsscatteredinphellodermandphloem.cortex:栓皮，皮層phelloderm:栓內(nèi)層7編輯ppt

Reddish-brown.Stonecellsoccurringsinglyandscatteredthroughout,subrounded,subrectangular,subfusiformorirregular,upto257μmlong,20～65μmindiameter,someofthemcontainingbrowncontents.Reticulatedandborderedpittedvessels,andbundlesofxylemfibresfrequent.Corkcellsyellowish-brown,subsquareorpolygonalinsurfaceview,containingreddish-brownpigments,dissolvedonmountinginchloralhydratesolution.Powdersurfaceview:外表觀mount:做標(biāo)本chloralhydrate:水合氯醛8編輯pptTanshinoneⅠ,tanshinoneⅡA,tashinoneⅡB,cryptotanshinone,dihydroisotanshinoneⅠ,hydroxytanshinone,isotanshinoneⅠ,Ⅱ,iso-cryptotanshinone,miltirone,salviol,etc.【化學(xué)成分】

丹參酮Ⅰ，丹參酮ⅡA，丹參酮ⅡB，隱丹參酮，二氫丹參酮Ⅰ，羥基丹參酮，異丹參酮Ⅰ、Ⅱ，異隱丹參酮，丹參新酮，鼠尾草酚等。ChemicalConstituents9編輯ppttanshinoneⅡA

丹參酮ⅡAsalvianolicacidB丹酚酸B10編輯ppt〔1〕Boil5gofthepowderin50mlofwaterfor15～20minutes,coolandfilter.Concentratethefiltrateonawaterbath,dissolvetheextractin3～5mlofethanol,filter.Applyseveraldropsofthefiltratetoapieceoffilterpaper,allowittodryandexamineunderultra-violetlight(365nm),abrightbluish-greyfluorescenceisproduced.Exposethefilterpapertoammoniavapourfor20minutes,removethefilterpaperandexamineagainunderultra-violetlight(365nm),apalebluish-greenfluorescenceisproduced.PhysicalandchemicalIdentification11編輯ppt【理化鑒別】

〔1〕置5g粉末于50ml水中煎煮15~20分鐘，冷卻后過(guò)濾.在水浴中濃縮濾液，用3~5ml乙醇溶解濃縮產(chǎn)物，過(guò)濾。將濾液在濾紙上點(diǎn)一些斑點(diǎn)，斑點(diǎn)揮干后在365nm波長(zhǎng)紫外光下觀察，可看到明亮的藍(lán)灰色熒光。將濾紙置于氨氣中20分鐘后，在365nm波長(zhǎng)紫外光下觀察，可見(jiàn)淡藍(lán)綠色熒光。12編輯ppt〔2〕To0.5mlofthefiltrateobtainedfromIdentification(1),add1～2dropsofferricchlorideTS:adullgreencolorisproduced.ferricchloride:

三氯化鐵TS：testsolutiondull:暗的〔2〕從〔1〕的濾液中移取0.5ml，加1~2滴三氯化鐵試液：可見(jiàn)濾液變?yōu)榘稻G色。13編輯ppt(3)To1gofthepowderadd5mlofether,shakeinastopperedtesttubeandstandfor1hourandfilter.Evaporatethefiltratetodryness.Dissolvetheresiduein1mlofethylacetateasthetestsolution.PrepareasolutionofRadixSalviaeMiltiorrhizaereferencedruginthesamemanner,usedasthereferencedrugsolution.DissolveTanshinoneⅡACRSinethylacetatetoproduceasolutionof2mgpermlasthereferencesolution.astopperedtesttube:具塞試管standfor：靜置residue:殘?jiān)黵eferencedrug:對(duì)照藥材CRS：ChemicalReferenceStandard14編輯ppt〔3〕取1g粉末加5ml石油醚于有塞試管中振搖，靜置1小時(shí)后過(guò)濾。將濾液蒸干。殘?jiān)?ml乙酸乙酯溶解后作為供試品溶液。用同樣方法制備丹參對(duì)照藥材的溶液，作為對(duì)照藥材溶液。將丹參酮ⅡACRS溶解在乙酸乙酯中制成每ml中含2g丹參酮ⅡA溶液，作為對(duì)照品溶液。15編輯ppt

Carryoutthemethodforthinlayerchromatography,usingsilicagelGasthecoatingsubstanceandbenzene-ethylacetate

(19:1)asthemobilephase.Applyseparatelytotheplate5μlofeachofthethreesolutions.Afterdevelopingandremovaloftheplate,dryitinair.

16編輯ppt

Thespotsinthechromatogramobtainedwiththetestsolutioncorrespondinpositionandcolourtothespotsinthechromatogramobtainedwiththereferencedrugsolution;andthedark-redspotinthechromatogramobtainedwiththetestsolutioncorrespondsinpositionandcolourtothespotinthechromatogramobtainedwiththereferencesolution.correspondsto:對(duì)應(yīng)于，與一致17編輯ppt照薄層層析色譜方法，用硅膠G作為固定相，苯-乙酸乙酯〔19：1〕作為展開(kāi)劑。將3份溶液分別點(diǎn)5μl于同一薄層板上，展開(kāi),晾干。供試品溶液的色譜中在與對(duì)照藥材溶液色譜的相應(yīng)位置上有相同斑點(diǎn)；并且供試品溶液色譜中在與對(duì)照品溶液色譜相應(yīng)位置上有相同的深紅色斑點(diǎn)。18編輯pptPharmacology(1)Coronaryartery-dilatingeffect:Itcanincreasebloodflowbydilatingcoronaryarteries.(2)Sedativeeffect(3)Antibacterialandantifungaleffects:ItstronglyinhibitsStaphylococcusaureus,andhasadefiniteinhibitoryactiononMycobacteriumtuberculosisandsomedermatophytes.【藥理作用】〔1〕擴(kuò)張冠狀動(dòng)脈作用：通過(guò)擴(kuò)張冠狀動(dòng)脈可增加血流量?！?〕鎮(zhèn)靜作用〔3〕抗菌、抗真菌作用：能強(qiáng)烈抑制金黃色葡萄球菌，并能明顯抑制肺結(jié)核桿菌和一些皮膚真菌。19編輯pptActionTopromotebloodcirculationandstimulatemenstrualdischarge,toremovebloodstasisandrelievepain,andtonourishtheheartandtranquilizethemild.【成效】活血調(diào)經(jīng)，祛瘀止痛，養(yǎng)心安神20編輯pptIndicationMenstr