2023-2024學(xué)年河南省焦作市高三上學(xué)期11月期中聯(lián)考英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE2河南省焦作市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AOur100-word-storycompetitionisyourchancetoshowtheworldyourstorytellingtalents!RulesEntriesarenowopen.Multipleentriesareallowedperperson.WeareunfortunatelyonlyabletoconsiderUK-basedentries.Pleaseensurethatsubmissionsareoriginal,notpreviouslypublishedandexactly100wordslong(notincludingtitle).Don’tforgettoincludeyourfullname,address,emailandphonenumberwhenfillingintheform.TermsandconditionsThecompetitorsaredividedintothreecategories:adults,childrenaged12-18andchildrenunder12.Theonlyadultwinnerwillreceive￡1,000andonerunner-upwillreceive￡250.The12-18childwinnercangeta￡200bookvoucher(代金券)anda￡100bookvoucherfortheirschool,andtherunner-upinthiscategorywillreceivea￡100bookvoucherforthemselves.Intheunder-12category,thewinnerwillreceive￡100ofbookvouchersand￡100ofbookvouchersfortheirschool,andtherunner-upwillreceivea￡50bookvoucher.Pleasesubmityourstoriesby5:00pmonJanuary5,2024eitheronlineorbypost.Theeditorialteamwillpickashortlist(入圍名單)ofentries,andthethreebeststoriesineachcategorywillbepostedonlineonFebruary1,2024.Youcanvoteforyourfavorite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.VotingwillcloseonFebruary29,2024andthewinningentrieswillbepublishedinourMay2024issue,andpostedonlineonApril16,2024.1.Whatisrequestedfortheentries?A.Theyarelimitedto100words. B.Theycanbeco-authored.C.TheymustbefromtheUK. D.Theymustbesubmittedinperson.2.What’sthesubmissiondeadlinefortheentries?A.January5,2024. B.February1,2024.C.February29,2024. D.April16,2024.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthewinningentries?A.Theywillbeavailableinprintonly.B.Theywillbeselectedbypopularvotes.C.Theywillbepolishedbytheeditorialteam.D.Theywillbeonashortlistofnomorethanthree.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了百字故事寫作比賽的相關(guān)信息?！敬鸢浮?.C2.A3.B1．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Rules”中第一段的“WeareunfortunatelyonlyabletoconsiderUK-basedentries.”（不幸的是，我們只能考慮英國的參賽作品。）可知，參賽作品必須來自英國。故選C項。2．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Termsandconditions”中第二段中的“Pleasesubmityourstoriesby5:00pmonJanuary5,2024eitheronlineorbypost.”（請在2024年1月5日下午5點之前通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)或郵寄方式提交您的故事。）可知，作品提交的截止日期是2024年1月5日。故選A項。3．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Youcanvoteforyourfavorite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.”（你可以為你最喜歡的故事投票，得票最多的人將贏得最高獎。）可知，最后的大獎是由讀者普選票選出的。故選B項。BThroughoutmytwentiesItoldmyselfthatIwouldgiveupsmokingoneday.Thatseemedcomfortablyfarawaytopreventmepanickingtoomuch,butalsodefinitiveenoughtofoolmyselfintothinkingI’dgiveupbeforeitkilledme.Butthenmythirtiescameandwentandnothinghappened.Then,myauntdiedfromlungcancer.Ihadamomentoffear:unlessIdecidetostopsmoking,therewillbeahighprobabilitythatatsomepointinmylifeI’llhaveacoughorsomeothersymptom(癥狀)anditwillbecancerorasimilarawfuldisease.Still,Ididn’tact.ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict—Iwasmakingallthekindofexcusesthatthealcoholanddrugaddictsmade.Idecidedtoquit.Butafterafewdayswhenoutfordrinkswithfriends,Iyieldedtotemptation(誘惑)andhadone.ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.ButIlearnedfromthisanddecidedthenextattemptwouldbebetterplanned.Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒煙)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.Withallthesupportaroundme,Ifeltsoconfidentaboutmyabilitytoquit.IactuallylookedforwardtothedateI’dsettostop.Thatwasnearly10yearsagoandIhaven’tlookedback.Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.StoppingsmokingwasoneofthebestthingsI’veeverdone.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasignorantofcigarettes.B.Hecaredlittleabouthishealth.C.Helackedmotivationforworking.D.Hedidn’tmakeuphismindtoquitsmoking.5.Whatinspiredtheauthortomakethefirstquitattempt?A.Hisself-analysis. B.Worseninghealth.C.Symptomsoflungcancer. D.Lossofafamilymember.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“yieldedto”inparagraph4mean?A.Cameupwith. B.Gaveinto.C.Steppedoutof. D.Brokeawayfrom.7.Whichcanbestdescribethesecondattempt?A.Itwasfruitless. B.Itlastedfor10years.C.Itwasadeterminedattempt. D.Itwasabandonedhalfway.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者戒煙的經(jīng)歷?！敬鸢浮?.D5.A6.B7.C4．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ThroughoutmytwentiesItoldmyselfthatIwouldgiveupsmokingoneday.Thatseemedcomfortablyfarawaytopreventmepanickingtoomuch,butalsodefinitiveenoughtofoolmyselfintothinkingI’dgiveupbeforeitkilledme.Butthenmythirtiescameandwentandnothinghappened.(在我二十多歲的時候，我告訴自己總有一天我要戒煙。這似乎很遙遠，可以防止我過于恐慌，但也足夠明確地欺騙自己，在它殺死我之前我會放棄。但后來我三十多歲了又走了，什么都沒發(fā)生。)”和第二段中的“Ihadamomentoffear…Still,Ididn’tact.(我當時很害怕，但我沒有采取行動。)”可知，作者沒有真正下定決心去戒煙。故選D。5．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict(但我忍不住開始好好地、認真地思考我的吸煙問題，以及我該怎么做。我想得越多，就越懷疑我到底喜歡它什么。然后我突然意識到：我是個癮君子)”和第四段中的“Idecidedtoquit.(我決定戒掉。)”可知，是自我分析使作者開始了第一次戒煙的嘗試。故選A。6．【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.(第二天我買了一包煙，我的第一次戒煙嘗試徹底失敗了。)”可知，第二天，作者買了一包煙，第一次戒煙的嘗試失敗了。由此可知，畫線詞所在句指的是作者決定戒煙，但幾天后和朋友出去喝酒，屈服于誘惑了，畫線詞意為“屈服于”，gaveinto與其同義。故選B。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒煙)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.(我在網(wǎng)上調(diào)查了不同的選擇，并在我當?shù)氐脑\所見了一位戒煙護士，她用一些技巧改變了我對吸煙的看法。)”和最后一段中的“Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.(當然，在早期，它并不總是一帆風順。有時我很虛弱，有時我?guī)缀醯?。但我對此有所準備，并沒有被它嚇倒。)”可知，在戒煙早期，并不總是一帆風順的，但作者已經(jīng)做好了準備，并沒有因此而放棄。由此可推斷，作者第二次戒煙的嘗試是堅定的。故選C。CIt’safamiliarplotinmoviesandbooks:Abright-eyedmanmovestothebigcityinsearchoffameandfortune.Inthenoisesandlights,allhopesanddreamscometrue.Butwhydowesticktothisoldstory?InFourLostCities,authorAnnaleeNewitzexploresancientsettlementstofindoutwhypeoplefloodintobigcities—andwhytheyleave.Thebookisdividedintofourenjoyable,snack-sizedsections,oneforeachcity.Eachsectionisaccompaniedbyahandymap,drawnbyartistJasonThompsoninanengagingcartoonstyle.Ratherthandryhistory,Newitzmakesaspecialefforttohighlighttheodditiesandinnovationsthatmadethesecitiesunique.TakeCatalh?yük,theoldestcitytheyfeature,whichboomedbetween7500and5700BCinwhatisnowTurkey.Thisancientcityexistedfornearly2,000yearsdespitelackingthingsthatwemightconsidernecessaryforacity,suchasroads,specialpublicspacesorshoppingareas.ThesectiononCahokia(AD1050to1350)—locatedinwhatisnowIllinois—offersanunexpectedreasonforacity’semergence.Manypeoplelinkcitieswithcapitalismandtrade.Cahokia’s30-meter-tallpyramids,20-hectare(公頃)squaresandapopulation(atthetime)biggerthanParissuggestthatspiritualrevival(復(fù)蘇)canalsobuildalargecity.CahokiaandAngkor,whichreacheditspeakfromAD800to1431inwhatisnowCambodia,alsoshowhowcitiescanformwhenpowergetsconcentratedinafewinfluentialpeople.Eachcity,ofcourse,eventuallyfell.ButNewitzalsorevealssomethingelse:Collapsinginfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)providedthefinalpushthatkeptpeopleaway.Herewespotourpotentialfuture,asclimatecrisesandpoliticalinstabilitythreatenourownurbannetworks.ButNewitz’svividimaginings,brightlanguageandboundlessenthusiasmmanagetokeepthetoneoptimistic.Thesecitiesdidend,yes.Yetthepeoplelivedon.8.Whyisabright-eyedmanmentionedinparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toraisesomedoubts.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Topresentaphenomenon.9.Howisparagraph3developed?A.Bycitingdata. B.Bydefiningaterm.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bytellingastory.10.WhatwasthereasonfortheriseofCahokiaandAngkor?A.Trade. B.Capitalism.C.Alargepopulation. D.Concentrationofpower.11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofFourLostCities?A.Itfeaturesacartoonstyle. B.Itoffersinsightintoourfuture.C.Itconsistsofnooriginalideas. D.Itpromotestheancientcultures.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了AnnaleeNewitz所著的《失落之城：四座世界古城的生與死》這本書的相關(guān)信息?！敬鸢浮?.A9.C10.D11.B8．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“It’safamiliarplotinmoviesandbooks:Abright-eyedmanmovestothebigcityinsearchoffameandfortune.(一個眼睛明亮的男人搬到大城市尋找名聲和財富，在響聲和燈光下，所有的希望和夢想都成真了，這是電影和書籍中熟悉的情節(jié))”和第一段中的“Butwhydowesticktothisoldstory?InFourLostCities,authorAnnaleeNewitzexploresancientsettlementstofindoutwhypeoplefloodintobigcities—andwhytheyleave.(但我們?yōu)槭裁匆獔猿诌@個古老的故事呢？在《失落之城：四座世界古城的生與死》，作者AnnaleeNewitz探索了古老的定居點，以找出人們涌入大城市的原因，以及他們離開的原因。)”和下文對《失落之城：四座世界古城的生與死》這本書的介紹可推斷，文章第一段提到眼睛明亮的男人是為介紹《失落之城：四座世界古城的生與死》這本書做鋪墊，即引出本文的話題。故選A項。9．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ratherthandryhistory,Newitzmakesaspecialefforttohighlighttheodditiesandinnovationsthatmadethesecitiesunique.(Newitz并沒有枯燥乏味的歷史講解，而是特別努力強調(diào)使這些城市獨一無二的怪異和創(chuàng)新。)”以及“TakeCatalh?yük,theoldestcitytheyfeature,whichboomedbetween7500and5700BCinwhatisnowTurkey.(以他們最古老的城市Catalh?yük為例，它在公元前7500年至5700年間在現(xiàn)在的土耳其蓬勃發(fā)展。)”可知，Newitz沒有枯燥地介紹歷史，而是特別強調(diào)了使這些城市獨一無二的奇特和創(chuàng)新之處，之后舉例最古老的城市Catalh?yük。由此可推斷，第三段是用舉例子的方式展開的，故選C項。10．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“CahokiaandAngkor…alsoshowhowcitiescanformwhenpowergetsconcentratedinafewinfluentialpeople.(Cahokia和Angkor……也展示了當權(quán)力集中在少數(shù)有影響力的人身上時，城市是如何形成的)”可知，Cahokia和Angkor這兩座城市展示了城市可以在權(quán)力集中在一些有影響力的人身上時形成，由此可知，權(quán)力的集中是Cahokia和Angkor這兩個城市興起的原因，故選D項。11．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Herewespotourpotentialfuture,asclimatecrisesandpoliticalinstabilitythreatenourownurbannetworks.(在這里，我們看到了我們潛在的未來，因為氣候危機和政治不穩(wěn)定威脅著我們自己的城市網(wǎng)絡(luò)。)”可知，隨著氣候危機和政治不穩(wěn)定威脅到我們自己的城市網(wǎng)，我們在這里看見了我們潛在的未來，由此可知，這本書可以讓我們洞察我們的未來，故選B項。DInthe20thcentury,conservationistssetouttorestoretheGalapagosgianttortoise(巨型陸龜)onEspa?ola—andtheislandecosystem.From1963to2020,conservationistsreintroducednearly2,000GalapagosgianttortoisestoEspa?ola.Sincethen,thetortoiseshavecontinuedtomultiplyinthewild,causingthepopulationtoblossomtoanestimated3,000.They’vealsoseentheecologicaltransformationofEspa?ola.Thetortoises’returnhasalsohelpedthecriticallyendangeredwavedalbatross(信天翁)—aspeciesthatmultipliesonlyonEspa?ola.Duringtheisland’swoodytimes,MaudQuinzin,aconservationgeneticistwhohaspreviouslyworkedwithGalapagostortoises,saysthatpeoplehadtorepeatedlycleartheareastheseabirdsuseasrunwaystotakeoffandland.Now,ifthelandingplacesaregettingovergrown,they’llmovetortoisesintotheareatotakecareofitforthem.Thesecrettothissuccessisthat—muchlikebrownbearsandelephants—gianttortoisesareecologicalarchitects.Astheywanderaround,theychangethelandscape.Theysteponyoungtreesandbushesbeforetheycangrowbigenoughtoblockthealbatrosses’way.Thegianttortoiseslikewisehaveabigimpactonthegiantspeciesofpricklypearcactuses(仙人掌梨)thatcallEspa?olahome—oneofthetortoises’favoritefoodsandanessentialresourcefortheisland’sotherinhabitants.Whenthetortoiseseatthecactus’sfallenleaves,theypreventthemfromtakingrootandcompetingwiththeirparents.And,aftertheyeatthecactus’sfruit,theydroptheseedsacrosstheisland,offeringaprotectiveshelloffertilizer.TheextentoftheseandotherecologicaleffectsofthetortoisearedocumentedinanewstudybyJamesGibbs,aconservationscientistofthegianttortoiserestorationprogram.Theresults,hesays,areagoodsignforotherrewildingprojectsthatincludegianttortoiserestorationasakeystoneoftheirefforts,suchasthoseunderwayonotherislandsoftheGalapagosandtheMascareneIslandsintheIndianOcean.12.WhatisaresultofreintroducingtheGalapagosgianttortoisetoEspa?ola?A.Endangermentofotherspecies.B.Restorationofthelocalecosystem.C.Decreaseingianttortoises’population.D.Transformationofrewildingprojects.13.Howdidthegianttortoiseinfluencethewavedalbatross?A.Byreducingtheextentofwoodyplants.B.Byspreadingtheseedsofakeyspecies.C.Bycreatingmorelivinghabitatsforthem.D.Bylimitingthenumberoftheircompetitors.14.WhatisJamesGibbs’sattitudetowardsthegianttortoiseproject?A.Unclear. B.Reserved. C.Positive. D.Dismissive.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EndangeredSpeciesIsHardtoBeRestoredB.Once-endangeredSpeciesBlossominGalapagosIslandsC.Espa?olaBecameaWonderlandforGalapagosGiantTortoisesD.GalapagosGiantTortoisesProveTheirWorthasEcosystemEngineers【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜被重新引入Espa?ola島后，該島的生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸得以恢復(fù)?！敬鸢浮?2.B13.A14.C15.D12．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“From1963to2020,conservationistsreintroducednearly2,000GalapagosgianttortoisestoEspa?ola.Sincethen,thetortoiseshavecontinuedtomultiplyinthewild,causingthepopulationtoblossomtoanestimated3,000.They’vealsoseentheecologicaltransformationofEspa?ola.(從1963年到2020年，環(huán)保主義者將近2000只加拉帕戈斯巨龜重新引入Espa?ola。從那以后，這種陸龜在野外繼續(xù)繁殖，使其數(shù)量達到了大約3000只。他們也看到了Espa?ola的生態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)型)”可知，拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜?shù)闹匦乱牖謴?fù)了當?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B項。13．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Now,ifthelandingplacesaregettingovergrown,they’llmovetortoisesintotheareatotakecareofitforthem.Thesecrettothissuccessisthat—muchlikebrownbearsandelephants—gianttortoisesareecologicalarchitects.Astheywanderaround,theychangethelandscape.Theysteponyoungtreesandbushesbeforetheycangrowbigenoughtoblockthealbatrosses’way.(現(xiàn)在，如果著陸點雜草叢生，他們就會把巨龜移到這個地方來為他們管理這里。這一成功的秘訣在于——就像棕熊和大象一樣——巨龜是生態(tài)建筑師。當它們四處游蕩時，它們改變了景觀。在小樹和灌木叢長到足以擋住信天翁的路之前，它們就會被巨龜踩到)”可知，巨型陸龜?shù)挠问帟柚剐浜凸嗄緟策^度生長擋住信天翁的跑道，即減少了木本植物的范圍。故選A項。14．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theresults,hesays,areagoodsignforotherrewildingprojectsthatincludegianttortoiserestorationasakeystoneoftheirefforts(他說，這一結(jié)果對其他將巨龜恢復(fù)作為他們努力的基石的再野生化項目來說是一個好兆頭)”可知，JamesGibbs認為其他涉及巨龜?shù)脑僖吧椖坑型驮擁椖恳粯尤〉昧己玫男Ч?，因此他的態(tài)度是積極樂觀的。故選C項。15．【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜被重新引入Espa?ola島后，該島的生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸得以恢復(fù)，島上的信天翁和仙人掌梨物種從中受益。因此，D項“加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜證明了自己作為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)工程師的價值”契合文章大意，最適合作為標題。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。High-hopepeopleareoptimisticabouttheirfutureandtheybelieveinpossibilities.Theyseechallengesasopportunitiestogrowandlearn,ratherthanasobstacles(障礙).Here’satipsheettogetyouintothehabitofhope.Goal-settingisasimportantastheactionyoutaketowardachievingyourgoals.___16___Theyknowthatwithoutacleargoal,it’seasytogetdistractedandlosefocus.Meanwhile,theydon’tletlifehappentothem.Instead,theyactivelymakedecisionsandtakeactiontomoveforwardintheirlives.Theyusuallyvisualizetheirgoalsandcreateconditionsthatsetthemupforsuccess.Beingaroundpositivepeopleisonewaytokeepanoptimisticmind.Hopefulpeopletendtospendmoretimeassociatingwiththosewhoshareabrightattitude.___17___Peoplehighinhopedon’tblockthemselvesfromfolkswhohaveamorepessimisticviewpoint.Theyknowthatseeingdifferentperspectivesallowsthemtoberealistic.Hopefulpeoplearealwaysgratefulforwhattheyhave.___18___Theyrecognizethateventhoughtheymaynothaveeverythingtheywant,they’restillluckytohavesomuchgoodinlife,thusmakingthemfocusmoreonwhat’sinfrontofthem.___19___Whenitcomestohigh-hopepeople,nomatterwhatlifethrowsatthem,theytrytoseethesilverlining.Theydon’tletthecircumstancedefinetheiremotionalresponse.Inadditiontohavingapositiveoutlook,high-hopepeoplearealsocreativeproblem-solvers.Whenfacedwithachallenge,theydon’tgiveupeasily.___20___A.Peoplehighinhopedoboth.B.Keepingapositiveoutlookisalsoimportant.C.Anothertrickisstickingwithpositivepeople.D.Thisallowsthemtostaypositiveandtakeurgentaction.E.Thatkeepsthemappreciativeandgroundedinthemoment.F.Instead,theyfindsolutionsthathelpthemovercometheobstaclesintheirway.G.However,thisdoesn’tmeantheyareintolerantofanotherperson’snegativityorstruggles.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了養(yǎng)成心懷希望的習慣的幾點建議?！敬鸢浮?6.A17.G18.E19.B20.F16．【解析】根據(jù)上文的“Goal-settingisasimportantastheactionyoutaketowardachievingyourgoals.(設(shè)定目標和你為實現(xiàn)目標所采取的行動一樣重要。)”和下文的“Theyknowthatwithoutacleargoal,it’seasytogetdistractedandlosefocus.(他們知道，沒有清晰的目標，就很容易分心和失去專注力。)”可知，作者建議要設(shè)定目標和為實現(xiàn)目標采取行動要兩不誤，A項“Peoplehighinhopedoboth.(心懷希望的人們這兩點都會做到)”，下文中They指代選項中Peoplehighinhope，承上啟下，符合語境。故選A項。17．【解析】根據(jù)上文的“Hopefulpeopletendtospendmoretimeassociatingwiththosewhoshareabrightattitude.(充滿希望的人往往會和態(tài)度積極的人交往更多。)”可知，G項“However,thisdoesn’tmeantheyareintolerantofanotherperson’snegativityorstruggles.(然而，這并不意味著充滿希望的人不包容他人的消極和掙扎。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文“Peoplehighinhopedon’tblockthemselvesfromfolkswhohaveamorepessimisticviewpoint.(滿懷希望的人不會阻擋自己接觸那些觀點更悲觀的人。)”講滿懷希望的人會與那些觀點更悲觀的人，包容消極和掙扎，符合語境。故選G項。18．【解析】根據(jù)空前的“Hopefulpeoplearealwaysgratefulforwhattheyhave.(充滿希望的人會感激自己所擁有的一切。)”可知，E項“Thatkeepsthemappreciativeandgroundedinthemoment.(那會使得他們心存感激并立足當下。)”可承接上文，且與本段的關(guān)鍵詞“感激”一致。故選E項。19．【解析】根據(jù)空白處下文“Whenitcomestohigh-hopepeople,nomatterwhatlifethrowsatthem,theytrytoseethesilverlining.Theydon’tletthecircumstancedefinetheiremotionalresponse.(當談到滿懷希望的人時，無論生活給他們帶來什么，他們都會努力看到一線希望。他們不會讓環(huán)境決定他們的情緒反應(yīng))”可知，此處上下文說的是要保持積極的心態(tài)，與B項“Keepingapositiveoutlookisalsoimportant.(保持積極的心態(tài)也很重要。)”表達的含義一致，故選B項。20．【解析】根據(jù)空前的“Whenfacedwithachallenge,theydon’tgiveupeasily.(心懷希望的人們面對挑戰(zhàn)不會輕易放棄。)”可知，F(xiàn)項“Instead,theyfindsolutionsthathelpthemovercometheobstaclesintheirway.(相反，他們會尋找能夠幫助他們克服前進道路上的障礙的解決方法。)”和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，講心懷希望的人們面對挑戰(zhàn)時，不輕言放棄，會努力想到解決方法，符合語境，故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Anotherschoolyearwasbeginning.Itwasa(n)___21___jobtohandle30firstgraders,___22___six-year-olds’attentionspans(持續(xù)時間)arerathershort.ThenI___23___toworkoutaspecialplantomakeiteasy:adoptinga___24___memberasthepenpalformystudents.Ibeganbysendingoute-mailstothearmy.ThenIgota___25___fromCaptainDenisar.CaptainDenisarquicklybecamea(n)___26___systemformyclass.Ifstudentspracticedandcouldreadabook___27___,Irecordeditande-mailedittoCaptainDenisar.Andiftheyfinishedawritingassignment,Iwouldtakea___28___ande-mailit.CaptainDenisar,then,wouldsendbackemailsfullofpraiseand___29___.Youcouldimaginehowexcitedmyfirstgraderswereto____30____asoldier!WealsousedtheinformationCaptainDenisarincludedinhise-mailsas____31____opportunities:whatasoldier’slifewaslike,howtomakeafireetc.Gradually,thisman____32____theheartsofmystudents.TheyweresoeagertopleaseCaptainDenisarthattheytriedtheirbestto____33____themselvesinmyclass.Now,teachingbecamea(n)____34____ratherthanaheadachetome.Attheendofthatyear,wewrotealetterofthankstohim.Tomysurprise,hewasevenmore____35____ofthecommunication,sayingmyfirstgraderstrulylightenedthingsupforhim.21.A.temporary B.tough C.steady D.urgent22.A.as B.though C.incase D.eversince23.A.decided B.pretended C.regretted D.failed24.A.capable B.strict C.crucial D.military25.A.greeting B.notice C.reply D.comment26.A.reward B.alarm C.security D.communication27.A.nervously B.fluently C.casually D.secretly28.A.rest B.chance C.breath D.picture29.A.impression B.prediction C.encouragement D.assessment30.A.meetwith B.pickup C.hearfrom D.cheeron31.A.learning B.working C.teaching D.playing32.A.broke B.stole C.protected D.felt33.A.challenge B.recognize C.behave D.introduce34.A.idea B.treat C.habit D.option35.A.hopeful B.tolerant C.conscious D.appreciative【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者為了管理好30個一年級學(xué)生，想出了一個特別的計劃，邀請Denisar上校作為學(xué)生們的筆友，通過電子郵件與他交流學(xué)生們的日常成就，建立起一套獎勵體系，還讓學(xué)生們把他郵件中的信息作為學(xué)習材料。結(jié)果學(xué)生們喜歡上了Denisar上校，都爭取積極表現(xiàn)，教學(xué)對于作者成了享受，作者和學(xué)生們都非常感激他，而他則感謝學(xué)生們讓他的生活變得輕松愉悅起來?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.A23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.B33.C34.B35.D21．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：管理30個一年級學(xué)生是一項艱巨的任務(wù)，因為6歲孩子的注意力持續(xù)時間相當短。A.temporary暫時的；B.tough艱巨的；C.steady穩(wěn)定的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)下文“tohandle30firstgraders,_____six-year-olds’attentionspans(持續(xù)時間)arerathershort”可推知，對于作者來說，管理30個注意力持續(xù)時間相當短的學(xué)生是一項艱巨的任務(wù)。故選B。22．【解析】考查連詞（短語）詞義辨析。句意：管理30個一年級學(xué)生是一項艱巨的任務(wù)，因為6歲孩子的注意力持續(xù)時間相當短。A.as因為；B.though雖然；C.incase萬一；D.eversince自從。根據(jù)下文“six-year-olds’attentionspans(持續(xù)時間)arerathershort”可知，6歲孩子的注意力持續(xù)時間相當短，這是一個客觀的事實，應(yīng)該是對前面的內(nèi)容進行解釋，說明原因，因此用as“因為”引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故選A。23．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我決定制定一個特別的計劃，讓它變得簡單：讓一個軍人作為我的學(xué)生的筆友。A.decided決定；B.pretended假裝；C.regretted后悔；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“toworkoutaspecialplantomakeiteasy”可推知，為了解決管理30個一年級學(xué)生的難題，作者決定制定一個特別計劃，由此引出下文具體的實施方法。故選A。24．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我決定制定一個特別的計劃，讓它變得簡單：讓一個軍人作為我的學(xué)生的筆友。A.capable有能力的；B.strict嚴格的；C.crucial關(guān)鍵的；D.military軍事的。根據(jù)下文“Ibeganbysendingoute-mailstothearmy.”可知，作者開始聯(lián)系軍隊，因此是想讓軍人作為學(xué)生的筆友。故選D。25．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我收到了Denisar上校的回復(fù)。A.greeting問候；B.notice通知；C.reply回復(fù)；D.comment評論。根據(jù)上文“ThenI_____toworkoutaspecialplantomakeiteasy:adoptinga_____memberasthepenpalformystudents.Ibeganbysendingoute-mailstothearmy.”可知，作者寫郵件給軍隊，爭取有人作自己學(xué)生的筆友，由此可知，此處指收到了Denisar上校的回復(fù)。故選C。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Denisar上校很快成為我們班的一套獎勵制度。A.reward獎勵；B.alarm警報；C.security安全；D.communication溝通。本段下文講述了作者把學(xué)生們的各種良好表現(xiàn)記錄下來，通過郵件告知Denisar上校，然后上校會給予表揚，由此可知，這是一套獎勵機制。故選A。27．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果學(xué)生們練習并能流利地閱讀一本書，我就錄下來并通過電子郵件發(fā)送給Denisar上校。A.nervously緊張地；B.fluently流利地；C.casually隨意地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)下文“CaptainDenisar,then,wouldsendbackemailsfullofpraise”可知，Denisar上?；貜?fù)的郵件里滿是表揚，由此推知，此處指學(xué)生們能流利地閱讀一本書。故選B。28．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他們完成了寫作作業(yè)，我會拍張照片然后用電子郵件把它發(fā)出去。A.rest休息；B.chance機會；C.breath呼吸；D.picture照片。根據(jù)上文“iftheyfinishedawritingassignment”和下文“e-mailit”可推知，作者會給學(xué)生的寫作作業(yè)拍照，然后把照片發(fā)給Denisar上校。故選D。29．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Denisar上校會回復(fù)滿是贊揚和鼓勵的郵件。A.impression印象；B.prediction預(yù)測；C.encouragement鼓勵；D.assessment評估。根據(jù)上文“fullofpraise”可推知，此處指郵件里滿是贊揚和鼓勵，是對學(xué)生們良好表現(xiàn)的正面反饋。故選C。30．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你可以想象我的一年級學(xué)生收到一個士兵的來信有多興奮！A.meetwith會見；B.pickup拾起；C.hearfrom收到來信；D.cheeron為……加油。上文講述了作者和Denisar上?；ネㄠ]件，交流學(xué)生們的各種良好表現(xiàn)，由此可知，此處指收到Denisar上校的來信。故選C。31．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們還把Denisar上校在他的電子郵件中包含的信息作為學(xué)習機會：士兵的生活是什么樣的，如何生火等等。A.learning學(xué)習；B.working工作；C.teaching教學(xué)；D.playing玩耍。根據(jù)主語為“We”和下文“whatasoldier’slifewaslike,howtomakeafireetc”可推知，Denisar上校的郵件中信息成了作者和學(xué)生們學(xué)習的機會，讓他們了解士兵的生活是什么樣的，如何生火等等。故選A。32．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，這個人獲得了我的學(xué)生們的心。A.broke打破；B.stole偷；C.protected保護；D.felt感覺。根據(jù)下文“TheyweresoeagertopleaseCaptainDenisar”可知，學(xué)生們想讓Denisar上校開心，由此可知，上校獲得了學(xué)生們的心，stealone’sheart意為“獲得某人的心，讓某人喜歡上自己”。故選B。33．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們很想讓Denisar上校開心，所以在我的課上盡量表現(xiàn)得好。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.recognize認出；C.behave表現(xiàn)；D.introduce介紹。根據(jù)上文“Ifstudentspracticedandcouldreadabook______,Irecordeditande-mailedittoCaptainDenisar.Andiftheyfinishedawritingassignment,Iwouldtakea______ande-mailit.”可知，作者在郵件中記錄的都是學(xué)生們的良好表現(xiàn)，由此可知，此處指學(xué)生們在課上盡量表現(xiàn)得好，behaveoneself意為“表現(xiàn)得得體，表現(xiàn)得好”。故選C。34．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，教學(xué)對我來說成了一種享受，而不是一件讓我頭疼的事。A.idea主意；B.treat享受；C.habit習慣；D.option選擇。根據(jù)下文“ratherthanaheadachetome”可推知，與頭疼的事相對的應(yīng)該是享受。故選B。35．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，他甚至對我們的交流更加感激，說我的一年級學(xué)生真的讓他感到輕松愉悅。A.hopeful充滿希望的；B.tolerant寬容的；C.conscious有意識的；D.appreciative感激的。根據(jù)下文“sayingmyfirstgraderstrulylightenedthingsupforhim”可知，Denisar上校表示學(xué)生們讓他感到輕松愉悅，因此他會對這樣的交流充滿感激。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。NamedaftertheancientcityofXi’aninShaanxiprovince,thefilmChang’anlasts168minutesandbringstolifesomeofthemostfamous___36___(figure)inChineseliteraryhistory.SinceitsreleaseonJuly8,themovie___37___(obtain)aratingof8.1outoftenonDouban,oneofthe___38___(large)reviewwebsitesinthecountry,strengtheningitspositionasoneofthemostpraisedanimatedblockbusters(動畫大片)ofthesummerseason.DifferentfrommanymoviesandTVshows___39___(feature)LiBai,themovieemploysaratherunconventionalperspective,startingwiththememoriesofGaoShi,also___40___admirablepoetandfriendofLi.Apart___41___LiandGao,themoviefeaturesotherfamouspoetsandartistsofthetime,includingWangChangling,knownformilitary-themedpoems,andLiGuinian,apalace___42___(music),aswellasroyalmembers___43___heldsignificantinfluencewithinthecircle,suchasPrincessYuzhen.Interweaving(交織)thepersonalfatesofthesefigures,thefilmshowsthescenesoftheTangdynasty.Themoviealso___44___(vivid)describesthefree-spiritednatureoftheTangdynasty.Forinstance,inthenationalcivilserviceexaminationoftheTangdynasty,thehighestachievers___45___(allow)theprivilegetoridehorsesandpickthemostbeautifulflowerfromanyresidenceinthecapitalcity.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了動畫大片《長安三萬里》的相關(guān)信息。【答案】36.figures37.hasobtained38.largest39.featuring40.an41.from42.musician43.who##that44.vividly45.wereallowed36．【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：電影《長安》以陜西省的古城西安命名，時長168分鐘，將中國文學(xué)史上一些最著名的人物栩栩如生地呈現(xiàn)出來。someof…短語表示的是復(fù)數(shù)概念，of后的可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填figures。37．【解析】考查動詞。句意：自7月8日上映以來，這部電影獲得了8分的評分。豆瓣是國內(nèi)最大的影評網(wǎng)站之一，評分十分之一，鞏固了它作為暑期最受好評的動畫大片之一的地位。Since引出的時間狀語表明，句子的謂語動詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且由于主語themovie為單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，主語與謂語動詞之間為主動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的主動式。故填hasobtained。38．【解析】考查形容詞。句意：同上。根據(jù)空前的oneof和定冠詞the可知，此處為固定搭配oneof+the+形容詞的最高級，表示“最……之一”。故填largest。39．【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：與許多以李白為主角的電影和電視節(jié)目不同，這部電影采用了一個相當非常規(guī)的視角，從李白的一位令人欽佩的詩人和朋友高石的回憶開始。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句