廣東省汕頭市澄海區(qū)2023-2024學年高一上學期期末考試英語試題【含答案解析】

2023-2024學年度第一學期期末質量監(jiān)測高一級英語科試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASanFranciscoWineryTourRunning:February1stthroughApril30thThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.(Includedinticketsprice)DepartingfromtheCannery:TourtimesuponrequestDuration(時長):2hoursPrice:$90BacktotheFiftiesTourRunning:August16ththroughAugust31stThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco’smostfantasticperiods,the1950s!EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.DepartingfromtheCannery:5:00pmand7:30pmDuration:2hoursPrice:$90SpookyHalloweenTourRunning:October10ththroughOctober31stJoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear(服裝)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.DepartingfromtheCannery:6:30pmand8:30pmDuration:1hourand30minutesPrice:AvailableuponrequestHolidayLightsTourRunning:December6ththroughDecember23rdThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco’smostcheerfulholidayscenes.Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.DepartingfromtheCannery:7:00pmand9:00pmDuration:1hourand30minutesAdvancereservationsrequired.1.Whichofthetoursissuitablefortouristswhoareinterestedinhistory?A.SanFranciscoWineryTour. B.BacktotheFiftiesTour.C.SpookyHalloweenTour. D.HolidayLightsTour.2.WhatistherequirementfortouriststogoonHolidayLightsTour？A.Takesomedrinks． B.Setoffearlyinthemorning．C.Wearwarmclothes． D.Makereservationsinadvance．3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Travelbrochure. B.Encyclopedia. C.Textbook. D.Biography.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了舊金山的四個不同旅游景點的價格、時間和景點。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BacktotheFiftiesTour標題下“EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.”（我們將帶您游覽舊金山，享受有趣的歷史，并免費品嘗冰淇淋。）可知，BacktotheFiftiesTour適合對歷史感興趣的游客。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HolidayLightsTour標題下“Advancereservationsrequired.”可知，HolidayLightsTour對游客的要求是需要提前預訂。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的四個小標題“SanFranciscoWineryTour”（舊金山酒莊之旅）、“BacktotheFiftiesTour”（回到五十年代的巡演）、“SpookyHalloweenTour”（幽靈萬圣節(jié)之旅）及“HolidayLightsTour”（節(jié)日彩燈之旅）可知，本文主要介紹了舊金山的四個旅游景點，推斷出這篇文章出自旅游手冊。故選A項。BOneweekendlastsummer,IpaidavisittotheSaharaDesertwithmyboyfriendDavid.BeforewewenttotheSaharaDesert,wehadheardaboutthesandstormsthere.Butwedidn’tbelievewewouldbesounluckytoexperienceone.Wewereinajeepwithourguidewhensomeonewhowastravelingwithussaidasandstormwasapproaching.Buttheguideshookhishead,sayingweshouldn’tworry.Hetookusstraighttotheplacewherewewouldtakeacamelride.Wewerelosingourselvesinwatchingsunriseafterthecamelridewhenthesandstormstruckus.Thewindsroaredthroughthevalleysbetweendunes,liftingthesanduntilitwasimpossibletobreathe.Davidfoundmeinthesand.Thenhebegantakingoffhislongscarfaroundhisneckandface,wantingtoputitaroundmyfaceinstead.ButIrejectedit.Instead,ImanagedtoputonatraveljacketthatIhadputinmybackpackandpulledthehoodaroundmyface.Davidheldmeandwewalkedclumsilyinthesand.AllIwantedwastogetbacktoourcampandoutofthestorm.Unfortunately,gettingbacktothecampmeanthavingtomakeourwaythroughthestorm.BothDavidandIclimbedonourcamels.Sandhiteverypartofmybody.Witheyesshuttight,Iwasblind,unabletocontrolthecamel.Whenwefinallystopped,Davidhelpedmetogetoffthecamelandledmetothesideofalongblacktent,whereherolledoutablanketandhelpedmetosit.Wesawourguidenearus.“Ithoughtyouguysweregoingtokillme,”hesaid,“Thereweresigns,ifIhadpaidattention.Thedriverremindedmetwicetodotheridetomorrowmorninginsteadoftonight,buteveryonewassoeageraboutridingcamelsthatIdidn’texpecttoseeallofyoufeelupset.”Mostofuslaugheditoff.Afeweventookapleasureintheexperience.ThoughIsufferedalot,Ididn’tregretmytripthere.Howmanypeoplecansaythey’veriddenacamelthroughasandstormintheSaharaDesert?4.Whathappenedtotheauthorandherboyfriend?A.TheylosttheirwayintheSaharaDesert.B.Theywerecheatedbyaguide.C.Theywerecaughtinastrongsandstorm.D.Theylosttheirtraveljacketsandsandhittheirbody.5.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheauthorandherboyfriend?A.Theybecameblindandlosttheireyesightinthesandstorm.B.Theysufferedalotonthewaybacktothecamp.C.Theyhadenoughgoodsurvivalskillsinsandstorms.D.TheyhadpreparedtoexperienceasandstormbeforetheywenttotheSaharaDesert.6.Whydidn’ttheguidemovethecamelridetothenextday?A.Thedriverencouragedhimtodoso.B.Hethoughtthesandstormwouldstopsoon.C.Hewasexcitedtoridecamelsinthesandstorm.D.Hedidn’twanttoletthetouristsdown.7.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkoftheexperience?A.Worthwhile. B.Regretful. C.Painful. D.Unfortunate【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和她的男朋友去撒哈拉沙漠不幸遇到一場強烈的沙塵暴的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“BeforewewenttotheSaharaDesert,wehadheardaboutthesandstormsthere.Butwedidn’tbelievewewouldbesounluckytoexperienceone.”（在我們去撒哈拉沙漠之前，我們聽說過那里的沙塵暴。但我們不相信我們會如此不幸地經歷一次。）可知，作者和她的男朋友遇到了一場嚴重的沙塵暴。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Unfortunately,gettingbacktothecampmeanthavingtomakeourwaythroughthestorm.BothDavidandIclimbedonourcamels.Sandhiteverypartofmybody.Witheyesshuttight,Iwasblind,unabletocontrolthecamel.”（不幸的是，回到營地意味著我們必須穿過風暴。大衛(wèi)和我都騎上了駱駝。沙子打在我身體的每一個部位。我緊閉雙眼，雙目失明，無法控制駱駝。）可知，作者和她的男朋友在回營地的路上遭受了很多痛苦。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thedriverremindedmetwicetodotheridetomorrowmorninginsteadoftonight,buteveryonewassoeageraboutridingcamelsthatIdidn’texpecttoseeallofyoufeelupset.””（車夫提醒了我兩次，把今天晚上改到明天早上，但大家都很想騎駱駝，我沒想到你們都很難過。”）可知，導游不想把騎駱駝的時間挪到第二天，是因為他不想讓游客失望。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThoughIsufferedalot,Ididn’tregretmytripthere.Howmanypeoplecansaythey’veriddenacamelthroughasandstormintheSaharaDesert?”（雖然我受了很多苦，但我不后悔去那里旅行。有多少人能說他們曾在撒哈拉沙漠的沙塵暴中騎過駱駝?）可知，作者不后悔進行這次旅行，她認為這段經歷是值得的。故選A項。CBogreUdell,whospeaksfourlanguages,metFredericoAndrade,whospeaksfive,attheParsonsNewSchoolinNewYorkCity.In2014,theystartedaprojectwhichwasscheduledtomakethefirstpublicrecordsofeverylanguageintheworld.They’vealreadyrecordedmorethan350languages,andplantohit1,000inthecomingyears.“Whenhumanslosealanguage,wealsolosegreaterdiversity(多樣化)inartandtraditions,”saidBogreUdell.Between1950and2010,230languagesdisappeared.Today,athirdoftheworld'slanguageshavefewerthan1,000speakersleft.Everytwoweeksalanguagedieswithitslastspeaker,and50to90percentofthemaresaidtodisappearbythenextcentury.Wikitongues,anon-profitorganizationseekingtosaveworldlanguages,hasaskedforvolunteersin40countriestofilmnativespeakerstalkinginthepast,present,andfuturetensesoftheirmotherlanguages.Nativespeakersarerequestedtorecallchildhood,sharetheirstories,anddiscusstheirhopesandgoals.OnevolunteerintheSouthPacificislandsofVanuaturecordedalanguagethathadneverbeenstudiedbylanguageexpertsbefore.AnothervolunteerfoundaspeakerofAinu,alanguageinJapanthathasnorelationtoanyotherknownlanguage,andhealsorecordedit.However,pricelessrecordingopportunitiesdisappearregularly.Notlongago,oneofthelasttwospeakersofaSaamilanguageintheRussiansteppesdiedrightbeforehisrecordingsessionwithWikitongues.Beingshortofprotectionandglobalizationareresponsibleforreducinglanguagediversity.Formuchofthe20thcentury,governmentsacrosstheworldforcedsomelocalpeopletouseofficiallanguages.Morethan100languagesinAustraliahavedisappearedsinceEuropeansettlersarrived.However,mostlanguagesdietodaybecauseofotherfactors;climatechangeandurbanizationcontributegreatlytotheextinctionoflanguages.8.WhatwasthegoaloftheprojectestablishedbyBogreUdellandFredericoAndrade?A.Toworkouthowmanylanguageshadbeenlost.B.Toofferlanguagecourseswiththetraditionstopeople.C.Tofindoutthereasonsfortheseriouslanguageloss.D.Todocumentallthelanguagesintheworld.9.HowdoestheauthororganizehisopinioninParagraph2?A.Bymakingcomparison. B.ByquotingFrederico’sidea.C.Bygivingexamplesanddata. D.Byexplainingcauseandresult.10.WhichofthefollowingsareNOTthefactorsleadingtothedisappearanceoflanguages?A.Foreignlanguagesandgovernments’laws. B.Urbanizationandthelackofprotection.C.Globalizationandforeignsettlers. D.SpreadofofficiallanguagesandClimatechange.11.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRecordofLanguages B.TheHistoryofLanguagesC.TheDisappearanceofLanguages D.TheDiversityofLanguages【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了世界上的語言由于多種因素消失嚴重，BogreUdell和FredericoAndrade建立一個項目試圖去記錄這些語言?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“In2014,theystartedaprojectwhichwasscheduledtomakethefirstpublicrecordsofeverylanguageintheworld.(2014年，他們開始了一個項目，計劃制作世界上所有語言的首次公開記錄)”可知，由BogreUdell和FredericoAndrade建立的項目的目標是記錄世界上所有的語言。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Between1950and2010,230languagesdisappeared.Today,athirdoftheworld'slanguageshavefewerthan1,000speakersleft.Everytwoweeksalanguagedieswithitslastspeaker,and50to90percentofthemaresaidtodisappearbythenextcentury.(從1950年到2010年，230種語言消失了。今天，世界上三分之一的語言的使用者不足1000人。每兩周就有一種語言隨著最后一個使用者而消亡，據(jù)說其中50%到90%的語言將在下個世紀消失)”可推知，作者在第二段通過舉例子和列數(shù)據(jù)的方式來組織自己的觀點。故選C。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Beingshortofprotectionandglobalizationareresponsibleforreducinglanguagediversity.Formuchofthe20thcentury,governmentsacrosstheworldforcedsomelocalpeopletouseofficiallanguages.Morethan100languagesinAustraliahavedisappearedsinceEuropeansettlersarrived.However,mostlanguagesdietodaybecauseofotherfactors;climatechangeandurbanizationcontributegreatlytotheextinctionoflanguages.(缺乏保護和全球化是導致語言多樣性減少的原因。在20世紀的大部分時間里，世界各國政府強迫一些當?shù)厝耸褂霉俜秸Z言。自從歐洲移民到達澳大利亞以來，澳大利亞已經消失了100多種語言。然而，今天大多數(shù)語言因為其他因素而消亡；氣候變化和城市化是語言滅絕的重要原因)”可知，外語和政府的法律不是導致語言消失的因素。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,mostlanguagesdietodaybecauseofotherfactors;climatechangeandurbanizationcontributegreatlytotheextinctionoflanguages.(然而，今天大多數(shù)語言因為其他因素而消亡；氣候變化和城市化是語言滅絕的重要原因)”及全文內容可知，文章講述了世界上的語言由于多種因素消失嚴重，BogreUdell和FredericoAndrade建立一個項目試圖去記錄這些語言。由此可知，C項：TheDisappearanceofLanguages(語言的消失)適合作本文最佳標題。故選C。DAccordingtoanewstudy,greatwhitesandwhalesharksareamongthespeciesatriskofdyingoutoverthenextcentury.PimientoistheleadauthorofaresearchpublishedinScienceAdvances.Theresearchlooksathowtheextinctionoflargemarine(海洋的)specieswouldinfluencetheecologicalrolesofoceanecosystems.“Theworryingextinctionchallengesscientiststobettermeasurethevarietyofbiology:howwillthetotalvarietyoflifeonEarthbeaffectedashumanactivitiesleadtothelossesofmoreandmorecreatures?”theysaid.Intheoceans,thebiggestanimalsarethoughttoplayimportantecologicalroles,andarealsofacinghighlevelsofthreatfromhumanactivitiessuchasfisheriesandclimatechange.Theteamwaslookingtomovebeyondtraditionalspeciesextinctions,tofindoutmoreaboutthefunctionaldiversity,therangeofrolesthatthesespeciesperform,andhowbiodiversity(生物多樣性)mightrespondunderdifferentextinctionscenarios(預測).Theyrantwodifferentextinctionscenarios.Inone,researcherslookedatextinctionprobabilitybasedontheircurrentIUCN(InternationalUnionforConservationofNature)status.Inthesecond,theyassumedallspecieslistedasthreatened,around40percent,hadgoneextinct.Sharkswerefoundtobeoneoftheworstaffectedgroups.“Wealreadyknewthatsharksareoneofthemostthreatenedgroupsintheocean,”theysaid.“Theyarealsoveryeasilyhurtduetotheirlargesizeandlowreproductiverate.Ourresultsshowthatthemostfunctionallyuniqueandspecialsharkspecieswouldbemorelikelytodieoutinthefuture,contributingtogreaterecologicallosses.”Theyalsofoundthebiggestthreatstomarinemegafauna(大型哺乳動物群)arefishing,eitherthroughgettingcaughtupbyaccidentordirectlytargeted,andclimatechange.Reducingthesethreatscouldbethebestwaytoprotectthesespecies.Thegoodnewsisthatthestudyidentifieskeyspeciesthatcanbetargetedandprotected.Sometimesoceanpreservationcanbeatriagegame.Thesciencehelpsusknowwhichspeciesreallyneedourhelpandwhichspecieswereallycannotaffordtolose.12.WhydidPimientocarryoutthestudy?A.Toshowthatgreatwhitesharksandwhalesharksareendangered.B.Tostudythemaincauseoftheextinctionofsomelargespeciesinthesea.C.Toworkouttheecologicalroleoflargeanimalsintheocean.D.Toofferusthebestwayofbalancingvarietyofbiologywithhumanacts.13.Howdidtheteamconductitsresearch?A.Bycheckingcurrentdata. B.Bypredictingextinctionrates.C.Bymeasuringmarinebiodiversity. D.Byanalyzingtraditionalexperiments.14.Whatdoestheresearchresultshow?A.Theriskofsharksreproducingintheocean.B.Thereasonsforsharksbeinghithardestinthesea.C.Theinfluenceofsharks’extinctionontheocean.D.Thesolutiontolargeseaanimals’dyingout.15.Theunderlinedword“triage”inParagraph5means_________.A.challenging B.interesting C.easy D.sorting【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，下個世紀，大白鯊和鯨鯊將面臨滅絕的危險。文章介紹了這項研究開展的過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和重要意義?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“PimientoistheleadauthorofastudypublishedinScienceAdvancesthatlooksathowtheextinctionoflargemarinespecieswouldimpacttheecologicalrolesofoceanecosystems.(Pimiento是發(fā)表在《科學進展》雜志上的一項研究的主要作者，該研究探討了大型海洋物種的滅絕將如何影響海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)角色)”可知，Pimiento的研究是關于海洋中大型動物的生態(tài)作用。故選C。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteamwaslookingtomovebeyondtraditionalspeciesextinctions,tofindoutmoreaboutthefunctionaldiversity,therangeofrolesthatthesespeciesperform,andhowbiodiversitymightrespondunderdifferentextinctionscenarios.Theyrantwodifferentextinctionscenarios.Inone,researcherslookedatextinctionprobabilitybasedontheircurrentIUCN(InternationalUnionforConservationofNature)status.Inthesecond,theyassumedallspecieslistedasthreatened,around40percent,hadgoneextinct.(該團隊希望超越傳統(tǒng)物種滅絕，了解更多關于功能多樣性的信息，這些物種所扮演的角色范圍，以及生物多樣性在不同的滅絕情景下可能做出的反應。他們設想了兩種不同的滅絕情景。在一項研究中，研究人員根據(jù)它們目前在國際自然保護聯(lián)盟的地位來研究它們滅絕的可能性。在第二種情況下，他們認為所有被列為受威脅的物種，大約40%，已經滅絕)”可知，這個團隊通過預測物種滅絕率進行研究。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““Wealreadyknewthatsharksareoneofthemostthreatenedgroupsintheocean,”theysaid.“Theyarealsoveryvulnerableduetotheirlargesizeandlowreproductiverate.Ourresultsshowthatfutureextinctionswouldbeselectiveagainstthemostfunctionallyuniqueandspecializedsharkspecies,resultingingreaterprojectedlosses.”(“我們已經知道鯊魚是海洋中最受威脅的群體之一，”他們說?！坝捎隗w型大，繁殖率低，它們也非常脆弱。我們的研究結果表明，未來的滅絕將選擇性地針對功能最獨特和專門的鯊魚物種，導致更大的預計損失?！?”可知，研究結果表明了鯊魚在海里受害最嚴重的原因。故選B項。【15題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesciencehelpsusknowwhichspeciesreallyneedourhelpandwhichspecieswereallycannotaffordtolose.”（科學幫助我們知道哪些物種真的需要我們的幫助，哪些物種我們真的不能失去。）可知，有時候，海洋保護可以是一場分類游戲。所以劃線詞的意思是“分類”。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.____16____Slowitdown.Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.____17____Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.Theexperienceofbeingoverwhelmedcanfeelverychaoticandoutofcontrol,butwhenyouslowitdown,youarereclaimingcontrolovertheexperience.____18____Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.Takingthetimetounderstandthedatawillalsohelpyoubetterunderstandwhatyourbodyistryingtotellyouifyoumeetwiththesesituationsagaininthefuture.Release,regroup,andredirect.It’seasiersaidthandone,butwhenitcomestofeelingoverwhelmed,thebestthingyoucandoisletitgo.Thereleaseofthesourceoffeelingoverwhelmediscriticaltothe“gettingmylifebacktogether”componentofthisprocess.____19____Regroupingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutoclosethefeedbackloop(循環(huán))onalltheslowingdown,steppingback,reflectingandreleasing.Itallowsyoutohittheresetbutton,andwithallyouknownow,youcanmoveforwardinapreparedandempoweredmanner.Lastly,youshouldredirect.____20____Evenifyourtrajectory(軌道)onlyslightlyaltereditscourse,that’sOK!Whatisimportantisthatyouhaveprocessedintegrated,andlearnedfromyourlifesothatyouarebetterpreparedforthefutureandmoreequippedtofaceit.A.Stepbackandreflect.B.Expresswhatyouaretrulyfeelingandthinking.C.Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.D.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyoumustmoveinatotallynewdirection.E.Anotherthingyouhavetodobeforegettingyourlifebacktogetherisregroup.F.Rethinkingaboutyourpreviousmistakesmightgiveyoucluestoavoidtheminthefuture.G.Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是當我們感到不知所措時一些可以幫助我們恢復正常生活的建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.(當你不知所措的時候，你會覺得事情太多了無法處理。每個人都會時不時地感到不知所措，但你仍然可以做一些事情來處理這種消極情緒。)”可知當一個人感到不知所措時依舊可以做一些事情來處理這種消極情緒，空處承上啟下，所以空處應該講的是有一些消除消極情緒的可行建議可以提供，G項Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.(當你感到不知所措時，這里有一些建議可以幫助你恢復生活。)指出有一些建議可以參考，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語境。故選G項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.(當你感到事情太多或不知所措時，你需要做得第一件事就是慢下來。)”可知當自己面對太多的事情而茫然不知所措時最好現(xiàn)讓自己慢下來，根據(jù)空后“youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.(你將有更多的時間專注于現(xiàn)在，從而更悠閑地做事情。)”可知如果慢下來自己就會更從容地去處理事情，空處承上啟下，所以空處應該講的是為什么慢下來以后會讓讓自己更從容，C項Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.(當你減速時，就好像你踩了剎車。)告訴我們減速之后感覺就像時間停止了，所以就會覺得擁有了更多的時間，與空后的Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresent銜接緊密，符合上下文語境。故選C項?！?8題詳解】空處為主題句。根據(jù)空后“Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.(如果你想知道如何讓你的生活振作起來，是時候反思一下是什么導致了壓力。反思是很好的，因為它可以幫助你整理從不堪重負中收到的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知本段主要講的是反思的好處，A項Stepbackandreflect.(退一步進行反思。)不僅形式上與二、四段標題一致，而且概括了本段的主要內容，符合上下文語境。故選A項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段標題“Release,regroup,andredirect.(釋放、重組、重新定向)”可知本段主要強調在你不知所措時要做到釋放、重組和重新定向，根據(jù)空前“It’seasiersaidthandone,butwhenitcomestofeelingoverwhelmed,thebestthingyoucandoisletitgo.Thereleaseofthesourceoffeelingoverwhelmediscriticaltothe“gettingmylifebacktogether”componentofthisprocess.(說起來容易做起來難，但當你感到不知所措時，你能做得最好事情就是放手。釋放感覺不堪重負的來源對于這個過程中的“讓我的生活重新回到正軌”至關重要。)”可知當你感到不知所措時，要學會放手，根據(jù)空后“Regroupingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutoclosethefeedbackloop(循環(huán))onalltheslowingdown,steppingback,reflectingandreleasing.(重新組合很重要，因為它能讓你在所有的慢下來、后退、反思和釋放中關閉反饋循環(huán)。)”可知當你感到不知所措時重新組合也很重要，空處承上啟下，所以空處應該講的是對所有的事情進行重新組合，從而讓生活恢復正常，E項Anotherthingyouhavetodobeforegettingyourlifebacktogetherisregroup.(在你的生活重新回到正軌之前，你必須做的另一件事是重組。)指出了要想生活回歸正常，就必須進行重組，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語境。故選E項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Lastly,youshouldredirect.(最后，你應該重新定向。)”指出在你不知所措時要在做到釋放、重組之后要做到重新定向，根據(jù)空后“Evenifyourtrajectory(軌道)onlyslightlyaltereditscourse,that’sOK!Whatisimportantisthatyouhaveprocessedintegrated,andlearnedfromyourlifesothatyouarebetterpreparedforthefutureandmoreequippedtofaceit.(即使你的軌跡只是稍微改變了一下，也沒關系!重要的是，你已經處理好了，整合了，從你的生活中學到了東西，這樣你就能更好地為未來做準備，更有能力去面對它。)”可知在重新定向的過程中即使你的人生軌跡稍微有了改變也沒有關系，空處承上啟下，所以空處應該講的是重新定向并不是完全改變方向，D項Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyoumustmoveinatotallynewdirection.(這并不意味著你必須朝著一個全新的方向前進。)表明重新定向并不是完全改變方向，符合上下文語境。故選D項。第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Richardisaboywhoispositivetowardslife.Heisinterestedindoingsportsandtakesa(n)_____21_____partinalotof_____22_____suchassoccer,boxing,skiingandbadminton.Heisalwaysagainst_____23_____insportsandtriestoavoiderrorsinmatches.Asaresult,heis_____24_____tobeanexcellentathleteand_____25_____allkindsofsports.Doinggymnasticsinthe_____26_____ishisfavorite.Tobuildup_____27_____,hejogsinthestadiumeveryday.Inhismind,____28____makeshimrelaxedand_____29_____.Sweatingduringthejoggiveshimanenjoyablefeeling.Besides,inordertohaveaslimshape,hekeepsa______30______diet.Oncehesignedupforamarathon______31______inhiscity.Duringthecompetition,hefelldownonthetrackandhisleftlegwasinjured.Theaudience,aswellashiscaptain,thoughthewouldendin______32______.However,thoughunderstress,hedidn’t______33______butranashardashecouldto______34______forhisteam.Thespiritualstrengthheshowedmadehimunique.Finally,notonlydidhebecomethechampionandwinthemedalaswellasthehonorforhisteam,butalsohewonthe______35______ofthecitizens.21.A.active B.confident C.anxious D.joyful22.A.shows B.topics C.events D.lectures23.A.sweating B.cheating C.pretending D.packing24.A.thought B.impressed C.recommended D.allowed25.A.act B.master C.edit D.volunteer26.A.company B.classroom C.office D.gym27.A.determination B.stress C.strength D.friendship28.A.playing B.walking C.jogging D.hiking29.A.strong B.weak C.unique D.attractive30.A.traditional B.economical C.advanced D.balanced31.A.solved B.attended C.moved D.hosted32.A.detail B.success C.failure D.experience33.A.giveup B.cleanup C.makeup D.signup34.A.apply B.arrange C.explore D.compete35.A.goal B.admiration C.comment D.wisdom【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.C25.B26.D27.C28.C29.A30.D31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了對生活保持積極態(tài)度，熱愛運動的Richard的故事。他在一次馬拉松比賽中受傷，卻堅持到底完成比賽，不僅贏得了比賽也贏得了人們對他體育精神的尊重?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他對運動很感興趣，并積極參加許多項目，如足球、拳擊、滑雪和羽毛球。A.active活躍，積極的；B.confident有信心的；C.anxious焦慮的，緊張的；D.joyful快樂的，令人愉快的。根據(jù)前文“Heisinterestedindoingsports(他對運動很感興趣)”可知，Richard對運動感興趣，因此會積極參與到各種運動中?！皌akeanactivepartin…”，意為“積極參加……”。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對運動很感興趣，并積極參加許多項目，如足球、拳擊、滑雪和羽毛球。A.shows表演；B.topics話題；C.events事件，比賽項目；D.lectures講座。根據(jù)后文舉例“suchassoccer,boxing,skiingandbadminton(比如足球、拳擊、滑雪和羽毛球)”可知，這些是運動項目。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他總是反對體育運動中的作弊行為，并盡量避免比賽中的失誤。A.sweating流汗；B.cheating欺騙，作弊，逃避；C.pretending假裝；D.packing打包，收拾。根據(jù)后文后文“However,thoughunderstress,hedidn’t_____13_____butranashardashecouldto_____14_____forhisteam.(然而，盡管壓力很大，他并沒有放棄，而是盡全力為團隊比賽。)”可知，他在比賽中擁有體育精神，盡管受傷但堅持比賽，不逃避，不作弊。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他被推薦為一名優(yōu)秀的運動員，精通各種運動。A.thought認為，思考；B.impressed給……留下深刻印象；C.recommended推薦，建議；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)前文“Heisalwaysagainst_____3_____insportsandtriestoavoiderrorsinmatches.(他總是反對體育運動中的作弊行為，并盡量避免比賽中的失誤。)”可知，他在比賽中表現(xiàn)很好，因此可推知，憑借他的優(yōu)秀表現(xiàn)和品質，他被推薦為優(yōu)秀運動員。選項A“thought”雖有“認為”含義，但其更多地用于表達個人的見解或意見。選項C“recommended”表“推薦”含義，側重某種性質，特征等令人滿意或受歡迎，更符合語境搭配。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他被推薦為一名優(yōu)秀的運動員，精通各種運動。A.act表演，行動；B.master掌握；C.edit編輯，校訂；D.volunteer自愿做。根據(jù)前文“Heisinterestedindoingsportsandtakesa(n)_____1_____partinalotof_____2_____suchassoccer,boxing,skiingandbadminton.(他對運動很感興趣，并積極參加許多項目，如足球、拳擊、滑雪和羽毛球。)”可知，他積極參加各種運動項目，由此可推知，他擅長很多運動。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他最喜歡在健身房做訓練。A.company公司；B.classroom教室；C.office辦公室；D.gym健身房。根據(jù)前文“Doinggymnastics(做訓練)”可知，做訓練應該是在健身房。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了增強體力，他每天在體育場里慢跑。A.determination決心；B.stress壓力；C.strength長處，體力；D.friendship勇氣。根據(jù)動詞“buildup”意為“增強，增加”以及后文“hejogsinthestadiumeveryday(他每天在體育館慢跑)”可知，慢跑應該是為了鍛煉身體，增強自己的體力。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他看來，慢跑使他放松和強壯。A.playing玩耍；B.walking散步，步行；C.jogging慢跑；D.hiking遠足。根據(jù)前文“hejogsinthestadiumeveryday(他每天在體育館慢跑)”可知，他每天會慢跑，應是因為慢跑給他帶來了好處，因此，該句應是在講述慢跑的好處。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他看來，慢跑使他放松和強壯。A.strong強壯的；B.weak虛弱的；C.unique獨一無二的；D.attractive吸引人的，迷人的。根據(jù)前文“Inhismind,___8____makeshimrelaxed(在他看來，慢跑使他放松)”并結合常識可知，慢跑讓他放松，同時這種鍛煉應該也會使人身體強壯。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，為了擁有苗條的身材，他保持均衡的飲食。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.economical經濟的，節(jié)約的；C.advanced高級的，先進的；D.balanced平衡的，均衡的。根據(jù)前文“inordertohaveaslimshape(為了擁有苗條的身材)”可知，保持體型需要飲食均衡。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，他報名參加了在他所在城市舉辦的馬拉松比賽。A.solved解決，解答；B.attended參加，照顧；C.moved移動，搬家；D.hosted主持，舉辦。分析語法可知，“____11_____inhiscity”作之前“amarathon”的后置定語，因此可推知，“舉辦馬拉松”。故選D項。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：觀眾和他的隊長都認為他會以失敗告終。A.detail細節(jié)；B.success成功；C.failure失??；D.experience經歷，經驗。根據(jù)前文“Duringthecompetition,hefelldownonthetrackandhisleftlegwasinjured.(在比賽中，他摔倒在跑道上，左腿受傷了。)”可知，他在比賽中受傷了，因此，大家應該認為他不能完成比賽，會失敗。故選C項。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然而，盡管壓力很大，他并沒有放棄，而是盡全力為團隊比賽。A.giveup放棄；B.cleanup清理；C.makeup編造，組成；D.signup報名參加。根據(jù)后文“notonlydidhebecomethechampionandwinthemedalaswellasthehonorforhisteam(他不僅成為了冠軍，贏得了獎牌，也為他的團隊贏得了榮譽)”可知，他成為了這次比賽冠軍并贏得了獎牌，由此可推知，他沒有因受傷而放棄比賽。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，盡管壓力很大，他并沒有放棄，而是盡全力為團隊比賽。A.apply申請，應用；B.arrange安排，布置；C.explore探索，考察；D.compete競爭，比賽。根據(jù)后文“notonlydidhebecomethechampionandwinthemedalaswellasthehonorforhisteam(他不僅成為了冠軍，贏得了獎牌，也為他的團隊贏得了榮譽)”可知，他成為了比賽的冠軍，由此可推知，雖然受傷了，但是他為了團隊的榮譽繼續(xù)努力比賽。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他不僅成為了冠軍，為他的團隊贏得了獎牌和歡呼，而且贏得了市民的欽佩。A.goal目標；B.admiration贊賞，羨慕；C.comment評論；D.wisdom智慧，學問。根據(jù)前文“Thespiritualstrengthheshowedmadehimunique.(他表現(xiàn)出的精神力量使他獨一無二。)”可知，他的精神使他獨一無二，也贏得了人們的尊重和贊賞。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共10小題,每空1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入