2024年人教版英語中考二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一冠詞講義

專題一冠詞中考考點(diǎn)：1、不定冠詞a,an的用法2、定冠詞the的用法3、不用冠詞的情況4、習(xí)慣用語中冠詞的用法考點(diǎn)一、定冠詞the的用法1、特指某些人或某些物eg：Themanoverthereismyfather.2、指談話雙方都知道的人或事物eg：Let’sgototheputerroomtogether./Pleasepassittome./Lookattheblackboard.3、上文提到過的人或事eg：Heboughtahouse.Ihavebeentothehouse.4、指世上獨(dú)一無二的事物eg：thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky5、用于兩個人或事物比較時起特指作用作用的比較級前eg：Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.6、用在形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞前eg：thesecond,thebiggest,thesecondlargest7、用在same,only,very等詞前eg：thesame,theonly,thevery8、用在樂器名詞前eg：playthepiano/guitar/violin/drums9、與形容詞或動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞連用表示一類人eg：therich,thepoor,thedisabled,theblind/theliving10、用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“一家人”或“夫妻兩”，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)eg：theGreens,theChens,theHSmiths用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的表示組織機(jī)構(gòu)、名勝古跡、書名和海洋前eg.theWTO,theGreatWall,thePalaceMuseum,theSummerPalace,thePacific12、用在習(xí)慣用語中eg：inthemorning/afternoon/evening,intheend/beginning,bytheway,atthegateof,atthemoment…考點(diǎn)二、不定冠詞a/an的用法1、表示第一次提到某人或某物eg：Doyouwantanotebook?/Tomisreallyagoodboy.2、用于單數(shù)名詞前表示泛指一類人或事物eg.Kobeiaabasketballplayer.3、表示“一”這個數(shù)量，意思和“one”“every”差不多eg：apen/onepen,anapple/oneapple,abanana/onebanana4、用于時間、速度、價(jià)格（TSP）等名詞前，意思是“每一”，相當(dāng)于every/pereg：20kilometersanhour/eightyuanakilo5、用于可視為一體或一個人兩種身份的的兩個名詞前eg：aknifeandfork一副刀叉，afatherandmother一個既是爸又是媽的人，ateacherandartist一個既是老師又是畫家的人6、a+不可數(shù)名詞，常使抽象名詞具體化為“一種”eg：Shehasagoodknowledgeofhistory.7、用在序數(shù)詞前表示“又一，再一”eg：Theteachersanghimasecondsong./Tomtriedasecondtime.8、用于某些短語中eg：alittle/few/bit,inahurry,catchacold,takeabus,haveagoodtime,havearest,alittlewhilehaveapopulationof…,takeanactivepartin,asaresult,asamatteroffact,inaword,haveatry,live/haveahappylife,take/haveawalk,takeabath,takeaseat,etoanend,givesb.ahand考點(diǎn)三、零冠詞的用法(即不用冠詞的場合)1、一日三餐、球類棋類前不加冠詞eg：havebreakfast,playsoccer/basketball/volleyball…2、學(xué)科和顏色前不加冠詞eg：IlikeScience/Art.Thewomaninredismymother.3、表示節(jié)日、季節(jié)、星期、月份的名詞前不加冠詞eg：SpringFestivalisimportant./TodayisMonday./Springesafterwinter./WewilleinJuly.4、在物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格和不定代詞前不加冠詞eg：Hispenisgood./Whatarethese?/EverythingisOK./Jane’sdressisnice.5、不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示一類人或事物，其前一般不加冠詞eg：Whichdoyoulikebetter,fishorchicken?6、與by連用的交通工具前不用冠詞，但與take或介詞連用時，名詞前要加冠詞eg：bycar,takeabus/takethesubway/Hegoestoschoolinacar.7、在如國省市街路、廣場、公園名、大學(xué)名等專有名詞前名詞前eg：WeliveinHubeiProvince./Wuhanisalargecity.People'sParkisonCenterStreet./MyhomeisonNanjingRoad.TimesSquareisbeautifulatnight./MostofthehighschoolstudentswanttogotoBeijingUniversity.8、固定搭配中，不用冠詞eg：stepbystep,byhand,gotoschool,gotochurch,afterschool/class,gotobed,inbed,watchTV...atnoon/night/midnight,introuble,on/intime,bychance,bymistake,forinstance,forexample...?？家族e點(diǎn)：1、不定冠詞a,an的區(qū)別an用在以元音因素開頭的單詞前，a用在以輔音因素開頭的單詞前判斷一個單詞是用a還是用an，要看發(fā)音的首因素，而不是首字母特例：anhonestboy,anhour,ausualbook,auniversity,ausefulbook,auniform,aunit,aEuropeancountry2、有無定冠詞的區(qū)別（1）gotoschool去上學(xué),gototheschool去學(xué)校（不一定去上學(xué)）（2）inhospital因病住院,inthehospital在醫(yī)院（不一定是病人）（3）inclass在課上,intheclass在班級里（4）infrontof在…前面（獨(dú)立關(guān)系）,inthefrontof在…前面（包含關(guān)系）（5）onearth到底，究竟,ontheearth在地球上（6）bysea乘船,bythesea在海邊3、序數(shù)詞前面用定冠詞和不定冠詞的區(qū)別“the+序數(shù)詞”表示“第幾…”，“a+序數(shù)詞”表示“又一，再一”eg：Thecakeisdelicious,andIwouldlikeasecondone.4、anumberof和thenumberof的區(qū)別anumberof意思是“許多”，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，相當(dāng)于alotof等thenumberof意思是“…的數(shù)量”。當(dāng)作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式eg：Anumberofstudentslikehim./Thenumberofthestudentsisabout250.5、在句型“動詞+人+介詞+the+人體部位”中要用the，而不用物主代詞eg：takesb.bythehand,hitsb.onthehead,hitsb.intheface課堂練習(xí)一、用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空，不需要冠詞的空白處填“/”:1.Thecarisrunningaboutsixtymiles_______hour.2.Myfriendisinterestedin________science.3.Don’tworry,westillhave________littletimeleft.4.Johnis_________cleverestboyinhisclass.5.March8is_________Women’sDay.6._________Greenswilletoseeyoutomorrow.7.Hereis________blackblouse,________blouseishers.8.Theyalwayshave________breadfor________dinner.9.Ipreferplaying_______pianotoplaying________basketball.10._______harderwestudy,________morewe’lllearn.二、選擇：1.Whatcanyouseebythelake?Icansee_____oldmansittingonthechair.(2000杭州)A.aB.anC.theD./2.Haveyouhad_____lunchyet?No,notyet.A./B.aC.theD.an3.Onemorninghefoundabag.Therewas_____“s”onthecornerof_____bag.A.a;aB.a;theC.an;aD.an;the4.There’s_____eggontheplate._____eggisforyou.A.a;AB.an;AnC.an;TheD.the;An5.Didyouenterfor_____highjumpor_____400metrerace?A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the6._____oldmaninblackhaswaitedforyouforhalf_____hour.A.The;anB.The;aC.An;aD.An;不填7._____elephantis_____usefulanimal.A.An;anB.An;aC.The;anD.A;an8.Isaw_____storybookontheteacher’sdesk?_____bookisLiMing’s.A.a;AB.the;TheC.the;AD.a;The9.Thereis_____manoverthere,_____manisfromJilin,andhe’sstudyingin____BeijingUniversity.A.the,the,theB.a,a,aC.a,the,theD.a,the,/10.Sundayis_____dayoftheweek.A.one B.thefirst C.first D.theone11.Whichis_____,thesun,theearthorthemoon?A.bigger B.biggest C.thebiggest D.big12.Thereisadeskinhisbedroom.On_____deskthereis_____pencilbox.A.a,the B.the,the C.the,a D.a,aWhat_____goodideaitis!A.a B.an C.the D./14.YesterdayIwentto_____schoolon_____foot.A.the,the B./,/ C.a,/ D.the,/15.Thereis_____“U”intheword“use”.A.aB./ C.an D.the16.Thoughheisrich,hehas_____friends.A.alittle B.afew C.alotof D.few17.Thereisatalltree_____ourclassroom.A.inthefrontof B.infront C.infrontof D.atfrontthe18.September10this_____inChina.A.Teachers’Day B.Teacher’sDay C.Teacher’sDay D.theTeachers’Day19Peopleoftengoskatingin_____winter.A./ B.a C.an D.the20.Jacklikesplaying______soccer,buthedoesn’tlikeplaying______piano.A./;/B.the;/C.the;theD./;the21.Wecan’tsee______sunat______night.A.a;/B.a;theC.the;/D.the;the22.Studentsoftenplay_____volleyballin____afternoon.A./;anB./;theC.the;anD.a;the23.IsCanada______Englishspeakingcountry?A./B.aC.anD.the24.Thisis______orange.Itis______smallorange.A.an;anB.an;aC./;theD.the;a25._____UNreportsaysthattherewillbestandingroomonlyon_____earththen.A.A;theB.A;/C.An;/D.An;the26.We’veneverseen______filmbefore.It’sveryinteresting.A.soagoodB.asogoodC.asuchgoodD.suchagood27.Thereis_______“x”in______word“six”.A.a;theB.a;anC.an;theD.a;a28.Look!______fineweatheritistoday!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How29.______YellowRiveris______secondlongestriverinChina.A.The;theB./;aC.The;aD.The;/30.JohnSmithis______ofthetwoyoungmen.A.strongB.astrongerC.thestrongerD.thestrongest31.Whatcoloris______orange?It’s______orange.A.an;anB.an;theC.an;/D./;an32.Look!______goodtimethechildrenarehaving!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata33.Londonis_____capitalof_____England.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;/34.There’re_____fewmistakesinyourhomework.Don’tmake_____samemistakesagain.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD./;the35.Mostofthestudentsinourclassgoto_____schoolby_____bikeeveryday.A./;/B.the;aC./;aD.the;the36.Don’tgiveup.Youcantryfor______secondtime.A.theB.anC.aD./37.Shetookmeby_____handandledmeinto_____room.A.my;aB.the;aC.a;theD.my;the38.What_____interestinggameitis!Itmustbe_____greatfun.A.an;aB.a;theC.the;/D.an;/39.Thehousein______frontoftheriverison______fire.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;a40.Heoftensays______richshouldhelp______poor.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD./;/課后練習(xí)一、在下列句子的空格中填上適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~，不需要的地方用“/”表示：1.Thisis______oldmap.Itis______usefulmap.2.Wehavenoclassesin______afternoonon_______Saturday.3.______spaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometers_______second.4.Beijingis______capitalof______China.Itis_______beautifulcity.5.Romanwasnotbuiltin______day.6.Chineseisquite______difficultlanguageforMike.7.Many______studentswilltake______activepartinsportsmeet.8.Thereis______interestingpictureon______wall.9.Jennyfound______walletlyingon______ground.______walletwasMr.Black’s.10.Whichis______biggest,______sun,______moon,or______earth?11.Whichpictureismorebeautiful?______oneon______left,Ithink.12.Whichis_____wayto______hospital?Godownthisroadandturnlefton______secondcrossing.13._______more,_______better.14._______Turnersaresittingatbreakfasttable.15.JoeHillwas_______fighterfor______workingclass.16.Whenwas______People’sRepublicofChinafounded?17.InChina______firstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedin_____latenineteenthcentury.18.After______breakfasthewentto______schoolon______foot.19.______YellowRiverliesin______northofChina.20.Helikesplaying______football.Hissisterlikesplaying______piano.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Thereis_____oldwomaninthecar.A./B.theC.aD.an2.Shanghaiisin______eastofChina.A./B.anC.theD.a3.Billis______Englishteacher.Helikesplaying______football.A.a,theB.an,theC.an,/D./,/4.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalf_____hourtogothereby______bus.A.an,/B.an,aC.a,/D./,/5.Thestoryis______interesting.Thatmeansitis______interestingstory.A.an,theB.the,a.C./,anD./,a6.Let’sgofor______walk,shallwe?A.aB.anC.theD./7.Thisis______interestingstorybookanditisalso______usefulone.A.a,aB.an,anC.an,aD.a,an8._______womanoverthereis______popularteacherinourschool.A.A,anB.The,aC.The,theD.A,the9.Theypassedourschool______daybeforeyesterday.A.anB.oneC.aD.the10.Australiais______Englishspeakingcountry.A.aB.anC.theD./11.Thisis______apple.It’s_______bigapple.A.an,aB.a,theC.a,anD.an,the12.Haveyouseen______bag?Ileftitherejustnow.Isit______oneonthechairnearthedoor?A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a13.Thisis_____