山東省淄博市第十五中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)摸底試卷含解析

山東省淄博市第十五中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)摸底試卷含解析一、選擇題1.ToJim’sdisappointment,_____phoneheboughtyesterdayisoutof_____ordernow.A.the;theB.the；不填C.a;theD.a;不填參考答案：略2.—CallIusethetelephoneonthetable，sir？

一Undernocircumstances

tousethetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs

A．a(chǎn)nyoneisallowed

B．nobodyisallowed

C．isanyoneallowed

D．isnobodyallowed

參考答案：C3.ProfessorLi

forhisinformativelecture,waswarmlyreceivedbythestudents.A．known

B．knowing

C．havingknown

D．tobeknown參考答案：A24.Neverputofftomorrow____shouldbedonetoday.

A.what

B.that

C.those

D.it參考答案：A略5.Itisnecessarythatamiddleschoolstudent

timetodosomesocialwork.

A．spares

B．spared

C．spare

D．isspared參考答案：C略6.Astimewentby,Igradually________myselftothecollegeschoollife.A.adapted B.adopted C.affected D.abandoned參考答案：A【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我逐漸適應(yīng)了大學(xué)生活。A.adapted適應(yīng)；B.adopted采取，收養(yǎng)；C.affected影響；D.abandoned拋棄。結(jié)合句意表示“使自己適應(yīng)……”短語(yǔ)為adaptoneselfto…。故選A。23.ChenXiexiaisthefirstChineseathlete______thegoldmedalintheBeijingOlympicGames.

A.winning

B.towin

C.wins

D.won參考答案：B略8.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone_____forhelp?A.call

B.called

C.tocall

D.calling參考答案：D9.Thenationwidesmogservesasaconstantreminder，indicatingthatit'shightimewe______onourselves．（）A．wouldreflect B．havereflectedC．a(chǎn)rereflecting D．reflected參考答案：Dit'shightimethat+從句，表達(dá)是時(shí)候做某事了；從句要用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬．故選D．10.---Iwonderifyoucouldgowithmetothepostoffice?

---I’dliketo,butI_______myexperimentreportandhavetofinishitthisafternoon.A.wrote

B.waswriting

C.havewritten

D.amwriting參考答案：D略11.Musiccanbeenjoyable,but____canbeappreciatedunlessyoulikeit.A.everything

B.anything

C.nothing

D.something參考答案：C12.TherearehundredsofscenesinEnglishnovels

characterswalkthroughalandscapeoffallenleaveswhichmirrorsthefeelingsofthecharacters.A.which B.whereC.that D.when參考答案：B【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：英語(yǔ)小說中有數(shù)百個(gè)主人公們走過落葉的反映了人物情感的場(chǎng)景。此處novels做先行詞，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故答案為where?！军c(diǎn)睛】分析定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)鍵抓住兩點(diǎn)：第一、找準(zhǔn)先行詞；第二、看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成分。先行詞往往為名詞或代詞，如本題中先行詞為名詞novels，再分析先行詞novels在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成分，將先行詞novels帶到從句中可知，只能作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故確定關(guān)系詞where，13.---Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.

---Iagreewithyou_______.A.inaway

B.ontheway C.bytheway

D.intheway參考答案：A14.—Tom,ifitdoesn’train,wecangoclimbingandhaveapicnicthere.—

Ilike

climbing.A.Welldone

B.That’sgreat

C.Noproblem

D.That’sit參考答案：B略15.---Theterribleaccidentisunderinvestigation．

---Actually,quickeraction_____thoseworkerstrappedinthemine．

A．mayhavesaved

B．couldhavesaved

C．musthavesaved

D．shouldhavesaved參考答案：B略16.swear

A．heart

B．research C．nearly

D．bear

參考答案：

D17.—HowcanItakethemedicine,sir?—Justfollowthe______onthebottle.A．information

B．introductionC．directions

D．explanations參考答案：C二、新的題型18.CoolButterflyEffect:InsectEquipmentCouldInspireHeat-RadiatingTechDevisingbettercoolingmaterialshasbecomeapressingissueastheclimatewarms,andsomescientistsareturningtonatureforideas.Smallcreatureswithlowbodymass,suchasinsects,havetodealwiththefactthattheywarmupmuchfasterthanlargemammals.Whenbutterflieslandontreebranchesinthesun,forexample,theirlylargewingscanoverheatwithinseconds.___46___Researchershavenowuncoveredthesecolor1fulinsects'built-incoolingmechanisms.Heatisgeneratedbythevibrationofmolecules.Themoremoleculesamaterialcanexposeonitssurface,themoreheatitcanreleaseinaprocesscalledradiativecooling.Thosemadeoffoldedlayersshapedlikewaves,forexample,cooloffmuchfasterthansolidobjectsbecausetheyhavemoreexposedsurfacearea.___47___Thewingsthemselvesarecomplexsystemsthatcontainbothlivingandnonlivingstructures,coveredbyvarioustypesofscalesmadeofchitin—arigidsubstancethatisalsofoundinsomefungi(真菌).Theresearchersfoundthatthescalescoveringthesestructureshavedifferentshapesthatradiateheatindifferentways.___48___Thescientists'workis''remarkable'',saysAaswathRaman,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.''___49___Butterflywingsareextremelylight,andthemicrostructuresinvolvedareextremelysmallandthin.Sothisdiscoverycaninspirewaysofgettingridofheatinverylightweightsystems.''___50___Itmightworkinavarietyofcolor1s.Manyconventionalbuildingstendtobewhitebecausethatitdoesnotabsorbheat.Butpaintingtoomanythingswhitedoesnotlookpleasing,saysQiaoqiangGan,aphotonicsscientist.''Westillneedacolor1fulworld,''Gansays,notinghowvividbutterfliesareinnature.''Butterflywingsgiveusanexamplethatcolor1fulstructurescanalsoresultincooling.''A.Sotheyhaveevolvedsophisticatedwaystocoolthemselves.B.Wecanmakethesemicrostructuresintoourownartificialprocesses.C.Itturnsoutthatpartsofbutterflies'wingsexploitasimilarprinciple.D.Todecipherhowthesecomplexsystemswork,theteamstudiedseveraltypesofbutterfliesE.Suchstructuresreleasewarmthveryefficiently,protectingtheorgansfromoverheating.F.Alongwithitslightweight,abutterfly-inspiredcoolingmaterialmighthaveanotheradvantage.G.Althoughfarfromacommercialapplication,suchresultingmaterialcouldeventuallybeusedforpurposessuchaspaintingbuildings.參考答案：46.A

47.C

48.D

49.B

50.F這是一篇說明文。通過對(duì)蝴蝶散熱機(jī)制的研究，一種質(zhì)輕、色彩多樣的散熱材料有可能面世。【46題詳解】上文Whenbutterflieslandontreebranchesinthesun,forexample,theirlylargewingscanoverheatwithinseconds.(當(dāng)蝴蝶在陽(yáng)光下落在樹枝上時(shí)，它們相對(duì)過大的翅膀會(huì)在幾秒鐘內(nèi)過熱)與A.Sotheyhaveevolvedsophisticatedwaystocoolthemselves.(因此，它們已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出了復(fù)雜的方法來給自己降溫)承接自然，上下文是明顯的因果關(guān)系，cool和overheat是關(guān)鍵詞，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文Thosemadeoffoldedlayersshapedlikewaves,forexample,cooloffmuchfasterthansolidobjectsbecausetheyhavemoreexposedsurfacearea.(例如，那些由折疊形成波浪狀層組成的物體比固體冷卻得快得多，因?yàn)樗鼈冇懈嗫梢员┞兜谋砻?與C.Itturnsoutthatpartsofbutterflies'wingsexploitasimilarprinciple.(事實(shí)證明，蝴蝶翅膀的某些部分利用了類似的原理)承接自然，選項(xiàng)里的asimilarprinciple就是指上文提到的原理，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文Theresearchersfoundthatthescalescoveringthesestructureshavedifferentshapesthatradiateheatindifferentways.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)鱗片覆蓋這些結(jié)構(gòu)有不同的形狀，這些形狀用不同方式輻射熱量)與D.Todecipherhowthesecomplexsystemswork,theteamstudiedseveraltypesofbutterflies(為了解釋這些復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)是如何工作的，這個(gè)小組研究了幾種不同的蝴蝶)承接自然，選項(xiàng)中的thesecomplexsystems就是指上文的thesestructureshavedifferentshapesthatradiateheatindifferentways，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文Butterflywingsareextremelylight,andthemicrostructuresinvolvedareextremelysmallandthin.(蝴蝶的翅膀非常輕，所涉及的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)非常小和薄)與B.Wecanmakethesemicrostructuresintoourownartificialprocesses.(我們可以把這些微觀結(jié)構(gòu)變成我們自己的人工過程)承接自然，microstructure是關(guān)鍵詞，故選B項(xiàng)。【50題詳解】下文Itmightworkinavarietyofcolor1s.(它可能有多種顏色)與F.Alongwithitslightweight,abutterfly-inspiredcoolingmaterialmighthaveanotheradvantage.(除了質(zhì)輕之外，一種由蝴蝶啟發(fā)的冷卻材料可能還有另外一個(gè)有點(diǎn))承接自然，選項(xiàng)中的anotheradvantage就是指下文提到的“有多種顏色”，故選F項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解19.Fewfactsaboutmodernlifeseemmoreundeniablethanhowbusyeveryoneseemstobe.Acrosstheindustrializedworld,largenumbersofsurveyrespondentstellresearchersthey’reoverburdenedwithwork,attheexpenseoftimewithfamilyandfriends.Butthetotaltimepeopleareworking,whetherpaidorotherwise,hasnotincreasedinEuropeorNorthAmericainrecentdecades.What’smore,thedatealsoshowthatthepeoplewhosaythey’rethebusiestgenerallyaren’t.Partoftheanswerissimpleeconomics.Aseconomiesgrow,andtheincomesofthebetter-offhaverisenovertime,timehasliterallybecomemorevaluable:Anygivenhourisworthmore,soweexperiencemorepressuretosqueezeinmorework.Butit’salsoaresultofthekindofworkinwhichmanyofusareengaged.Inthepast,farmingworkwassubjecttoweatherlimits,whiteatpresentpeopleliveinan“unlimitedworld,”andtherearealwaysmoreincomingemails,moremeetings,morethingstoread,anddigitalmobiletechnologymeansyouhaveafewmoreto-dolistitems.Withtimepressureweighingusdown,it’shardlysurprisingthatwelivewithoneeyeontheclock.Butpsychologicalresearchdemonstratesthatthistime-awarenessactuallyleadstoworseperformance.Sotheironicconsequenceofthe“busyfeeling”isthatwecouldhandleto-dolistlesswellthanifweweren’tsorushed.Arguableworstofall,thefeelingofrushspreadstoaffectourleisuretime,sothatevenwhenlifefinallydoespermitanhourortwoforrecovery,weendupfeelingthatleisuretimeshouldbespent”productively,”too.Ifthere’sasolutiontothebusynessepidemic(流行病),otherthantheuniversal21-hourworkweek,itmaylieinclearlyrealizingjusthowreasonableourattitudeshavebecome.Historically,theultimatesymbolofwealth,achievementandsocialsuperioritywasthefreedomnottowork.Now,it’sbusynessthathasbecometheindicatorofhighstatus.“Thebest-offinoursocietyareoftenverybusy,andhavetobe,”saysGershunny.“Youaskme,amIbusy,andItellyou:”Yes,ofcourseI’mbusybecauseI’manimportantperson!”Toooften,wemeasureourworthnotbytheresultsweachieve,butbyhowmuchofourtimewespend.Welivecrazylives,atleastinpart,becauseitmakesusfeelgoodaboutourselves.63.Accordingtotheauthor,people’sfeelingaboutbusynessresultsfrom_______.A.theincreaseintimevalue B.thesacrificeoffamilytimeC.thelongerworkingtime D.thechangeofworkingpartners64.Theunderlinedphrase“weighingusdown”inparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.makingusoverburdened B.havingapositiveeffectonusC.measuringusinallaspects D.givingustimeforreflection65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesolutiontobusynessisapplyinga21-hourworkweek.B.Ifpeoplehadleisuretime,theywouldrelaxthemselves.C.Thefeelingofbeingburdenedspellslowproductivity.D.Freedomisoverrepresentedinthecurrentsociety.66.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.Themeasurementofwealthinthecurrentsociety.B.Theevolutionofpeople’sattitudetowardsbusyness.C.Thehiddenreasonsandeffectsofpeople’sbusyness.D.Thesolutiontoprioritizingthecrucialtasksinbusyness.參考答案：63.A

64.A

65.C

66.C【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述的是“人們忙碌背后的原因和影響”。【63題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Acrosstheindustrializedworld,largenumbersofsurveyrespondentstellresearchersthey’reoverburdenedwithwork,attheexpenseoftimewithfamilyandfriends.“在工業(yè)化國(guó)家，大量的受訪者告訴研究人員，他們的工作負(fù)擔(dān)過重，與家人和朋友相處的時(shí)間減少了?！笨芍髡哒J(rèn)為，人們對(duì)忙碌的感覺