高考英語閱讀解題專項(xiàng)之主旨大意題(十三)含答案

PAGEPAGE12021高考英語閱讀解題專項(xiàng)之主旨大意題（十三）一：知識講解設(shè)問方式1.Themainidea/keypointofthispassageisthat.

2.Thepassageismainlyabout.

3.Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassageis.

4.Thetopic/subjectdiscussedinthispassageis.

5.Fromthepassagewecanlearn/concludethat.

6.Thelastparagraphischieflyconcernedwith.

7.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?8.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthethemeofthepassage?技法點(diǎn)撥1.概括段落大意例1(2020課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ,D片段)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.解題：主旨大意題。本題題干意為:第一段主要講的是什么?根據(jù)第一段第二句(最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了積極的影響。)以及第三、四句所舉的兩個實(shí)例(城市中綠化越好的地區(qū)犯罪率越低;裝飾有室內(nèi)植物的工作場所的員工的生產(chǎn)力提高了15%。)可知,第一段主要講的是綠植帶來的好處。所以D項(xiàng)正確。A:對不同植物的一項(xiàng)新研究;B:犯罪率的大幅下降;C:來自不同工作場所的員工。答案D2.概括文章大意例2(2020課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,B)Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrenattheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(認(rèn)知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents'income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋轉(zhuǎn))andtranslateshapes,”Levinesaidinastatement.Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofthechildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythantheparentsofgirls.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Amathematicalmethod.B.Ascientificstudy.C.Awomanpsychologist.D.Ateachingprogram.解題：主旨大意題。本題題干意為:這篇文章主要是關(guān)于什么的?根據(jù)文章第一段和第三段出現(xiàn)的researchers,第二段出現(xiàn)的psychologist、expert以及最后一段出現(xiàn)的findings、published、thejournalDevelopmentalScience可知B項(xiàng)(一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究)正確。A:一個數(shù)學(xué)方法;C:一個女心理學(xué)家;D:一個教學(xué)大綱。答案B二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A）Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.Storieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,IlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadreamjobandIdideverythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstorytime.AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(來源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.

Ialwaysread,usingdifferentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.Now,IseemychildrentakingtheirchildrentothelibraryandIlovethattheexcitementofgoingtothelibrarylivesonfromgenerationtogeneration.Asanovelist,I'vefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.Iencouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycan'taffordtopurchaseabook.Iseelibrariesasasafehaven(避風(fēng)港)forreadersandwriters,abridgethathelpsputtogetherareaderwithabook.Libraries,intheirownway,helpfightbookpiracy(盜版行為)andIthinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan.Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibraryannouncementsonyoursocialmedia.Frequentthemandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.1.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'srelationshipwithbooksasachild?A.Cooperative.B.Uneasy.C.Inseparable.D.Casual.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inparagraph3referto?A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.B.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.C.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.D.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.3.Whatdoestheauthorcallonotherwriterstodo?A.Sponsorbookfairs.B.Writeforsocialmedia.C.Supportlibraries.D.Purchasehernovels.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Reading:ASourceofKnowledgeB.MyIdeaaboutWritingC.Library:AHavenfortheYoungD.MyLoveoftheLibrary答案1.C推理判斷題。本題題干意為:哪一個詞最能描述當(dāng)作者是個孩子的時候,她與書籍的關(guān)系?根據(jù)第一段中Storieswerelikeairtome...(故事于我就像空氣對我的重要性一樣……)可知C項(xiàng)正確。inseparable:不可分離的,分不開的。A:合作的,同心協(xié)力的;B:憂慮的,不安的;D:不經(jīng)意的,漫不經(jīng)心的。2.B詞義猜測題。本題題干意為:第三段中畫線短語“anaddedmeaning”指的是什么?第三段講述了作者成為媽媽后,圖書館對自己和孩子們的意義。故B項(xiàng)(家庭中傳承的閱讀的快樂)正確。A:在圖書館工作的快樂;C:表演故事的驚喜;D:培養(yǎng)的與讀者更緊密的關(guān)系。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:作者號召其他作家做什么?根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Ithinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantway...可知,作者認(rèn)為所有的作家應(yīng)該支持圖書館。故答案為C項(xiàng)。A:贊助書市;B:為社交媒體寫作;D:購買她的小說。4.D主旨大意題。本題題干意為:哪一個可以是適合本文的標(biāo)題?文章從作者的童年、少年、青年到老年與圖書館的關(guān)系展開,說明作者對圖書館的熱愛。故選D項(xiàng)。A:閱讀:知識的源泉;B:我的寫作信念;C:圖書館:青年人的避風(fēng)港。（B）FireCaptKevinLloydarrivedatthesceneofacaraccidentinWestPoint,Utah,northofSaltLakeCity.Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar.Whilehispartner,AllenHadley,waslendingtothedriver,Lloydcouldn’tgetthefrightenedgirltocalmdown.Hesawshewasholdingseveralbottlesofnailpolish,andthenhehadabetteridea.Heaskedherifshewantedtopainthisnails.Soonhereyeslitup.Atthesametime,Hadleyshoweduptocheckonthescene.Lloydhadcalmedherdownandwasintheprocessofgettinghisfingerspainted.ThenHadleyjustputhishandinthere.Thegirlbegantocolorhisnailspink.Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy.Thegirl’smotherwasnotinjured.Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter,andtheyallchuckled,lookingatthenails,andtooksomephotos.Thefirefightersbroughtthephotosbacktotheheadquartersandshowedthemaround.Thedepartmentputthemuponthesocialmedia,andthousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl.FireChiefMarkBecraftsaidhehadbeensurprisedatalltheattention.Hesaidhewasproudofhisfirefighters,andaddedthathehadknownmembersofthedepartmentwhohaddonemanythingsthatweren’tpartofthejob.Afterthefact,LloydandHadleyhadasmallmattertotendto:thelayersofpolishontheirnails.Theyboughtabottleofnailpolishremover,andusedalmostallofit.5.Whywasthe2-year-oldgirlfrightened?A.Shewascaughtinanaccident.B.Hermotherwasbadlyinjured.C.Hernailswerehurtbythebottles.D.Shewasafraidofseeingfirefighters.6.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“chuckled”inParagraph4?A.Sighed. B.Shouted. C.Laughed. D.Hugged.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwofirefighters?A.Knowledgeable. B.Caring. C.Humorous. D.Courageous.8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toaskustolearntocalmdownintimesofdanger.B.Tospeakhighlyofthewarm-heartedfirefighters.C